2021-2022学年重庆市七校高一上学期12月第十五周联合调研测试英语试题（解析版）

2021-2022学年重庆市七校高一上学期12月第十五周联合调研测试英语试题本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1．答题前，务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡规定的位置上。2．答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。3．答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。4．考试结束后，将答题卷交回。第I卷第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束前，你将有两分钟的时间江试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.15.C.￡9.18.答案是B。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howistheweatherthisweekendaccordingtotheweatherman?A.Warm. B.Cool. C.Cold.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Ireallywanttogotothebeachthisweekend.Theweathermansaidit’sgoingtobewarm.M:Good.Ihopeitdoesn’tcooloff.YouknowthattheweatherinCaliforniaisreallychangeable.Oneminuteit’shot,andthenthenextminuteit’scold.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthecorrectordernumberfortheyellowteapot?A.TP12FS. B.TP12SF. C.PT12FS.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Doyouhaveanordernumberthere,Mrs.Garcia?W:YesIt’sTP12FS.M:Onemoment,please.Ah,yes.Iseetheproblem.TP12FSisthecorrectnumberforthepurpleteapot.TheyellowoneyouwantedisTP12SF.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatisMartinbusydoing?A.Writingabook. B.ReadingaboutCuba. C.Lookingforgoodnews.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:So,Martin,whathaveyoubeenupto?Anythingnew?M:Well,thesedaysIamwritingabookaboutCuba.ItisinterestingbutI’msobusythatIdon’thavetimetodoanythingelse.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Classmates.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Iwassoluckytogetatickettotheconcertlastnight.Itwasgreatfun.Iwentwithmyfather.M:Whatdidyoudoaftertheconcert?W:IwentstraighthomebecauseIhadtofinishmyhomework.OK,Tim.Ihavetogo.Seeyouinclasstomorrow.M:Bye.Anyway,Ihavetogohomeandfinishmyhomework.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theman’stoy. B.Theman’sfather. C.Theman’schildhood.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Look,that’smewhenIwaseightornineinthephoto,holdingamodeltrainengine.W:Wasitpartofthattrainsetyou’vestillgotinyourroom?M:Yeah,myfatherandIbuiltallthattogether.Weusedtospendhoursplayingwithit.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whyisthewomanlookingfortheenvelope?A.Shewantstosendaletter. B.SheneedstogiveittoJill. C.SheputherPINnumberinit.7.Whatmightthewomandonext?A.FindJill. B.Gotothekitchen. C.Buyanenvelope.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】W:Hey,Brad.Youdidn’ttaketheenvelopethatwasonthekitchentable,didyou?M:No,why?Doyouwanttosendaletter?W:Well,actuallymynewPINnumberwasinthatenvelope.M:You’rekiddingme,areyou?W:No,I’mnot.Ileftitherethismorning.M:GoandaskJill.Maybeshe’sseenit.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whendoesthemeetingend?A.At8:30. B.At9:00. C.At10:30.9.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shewaslateforworktoday.B.Shewillbetheman’sassistant.C.Sheisanewworkerofthecompany.【答案】8.C9.C【解析】【原文】M:Hello,Sarah.Goodtoseeyouagain.Welcometothecompany.W:Thankyou.Iknowyouaskedmetocomeinalittlelateronmyfirstday,butwhattimedoInormallystartwork?M:Well,theofficeopensat8:30andtheteamstartsworkata9o’clockmeeting.W:Whathappensafterthemeeting?M:Wetakeabreakat10:30.MyassistantMiamakescoffeeforusall.Thenit’stimetocallcustomersandmakesales.W:Thatsoundsgood.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whyisthemanmakingthecall?A.TohaveatalkwithTom.B.Toinvitethewomantoamovie.C.Tointroduceafriendtothewoman.11.WhatisTomdoing?A.WatchingTV. B.Talkingonthephone. C.HavingfunwithJulie.12.Whatcanwelearnabouttheman?A.HeknowsJulie. B.Helivesintown. C.Hesharesahousewithafriend.【答案】10.B11.B12.A【解析】【详解】【原文】M:Hey,Tina.ThisisSam.How’sitgoing?W:Prettygood,Sam.Howareyou?M:Great!Doyouwanttogotothemoviestonight?W:Sorry,wedon’tgooutonSaturdays.TomandIalwaysstayathomeandwatchTV.M:That’sOK.IsTomtherenow?W:Yes,butheistalkingonhiscellphonewithhissister,Julie.Doyourememberher?M:Yes,ofcourse.ShelivesinSeattlerightnow,right?W:Right,butshe’sintownnow.Shestayswithafriendforafewdays.M:That’snice.TellherIsayhello.W:Sure.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.WhatdidthemandoonSunday?A.Hewenttothemuseum. B.Hevisitedtheoldcastle. C.Hewatchedafootballmatch.14.Howdidthemanfindthemovie?A.Special. B.Interesting. C.Boring.15.WhoisHelenmostlikelytobe?A.Theman’sfriend. B.Theman’swife. C.Theman’sdaughter.16.Whatfooddidthemanhave?A.Italianfood. B.Thaifood. C.Chinesefood.【答案】13A14.C15.B16.C【解析】【原文】W:Hello,Ben!Howwasyourweekend?M:Great,thanks!IvisitedYorkwithHelenandthekids.Yorkisareallybeautifulhistoriccityandtherearelotsofoldbuildings.Andmyfriendbookedusareallynicehotel.W:Oh?Whatdidyoudowhileyouwerethere?M:Well,wevisitedtheoldcastleonSaturday.Ilovehistoryandthekidsenjoyedexploringallthedifferentrooms.AndwevisitedthemuseumonSunday.It’ssointeresting.Youcanseewhatthetownlookedlikeinthepast.W:WhatdidyoudoonSaturdayevening?M:Iwantedtogotoafootballmatch,buttherewerenotickets.Sowewenttoseeamovieinstead.Thekidslikedit,butIdidn’t.Itwasboring,tobehonest.W:Whatdidyoudoforfood?M:HelenlikestryingnewfooddifferentfromItalianfood.SoweplannedtogotoaThairestaurant.Helenenjoyedit,butthekidsdidn’tlikethefood,sowewalkedtoaChineserestaurant,furtheralongthestreet.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatdifferencedoesthespeakertalkaboutfirst?A.Someexpressions. B.Trafficrules. C.Thefood.18.WhatdoesthespeakerthinkoftheweatherinLondon?A.Changeable. B.Great. C.Uncomfortable.19.Whendoesthespeakerfinishworknow?A.At5p.m. B.At8:30p.m. C.At9p.m.20WheredidthespeakerusetogoonFridayeveninginAmerica?A.Totheclub. B.Tothegym. C.Totherestaurant.【答案】17.B18.C19.A20.B【解析】【原文】M:Hi,I’mChrisfromFlorida.Lastyear,ImovedtoLondon,whereI’mworkingforanAmericancompany.It’sbeenabigchange,andtherehavebeenlotsofthingstogetusedto.Forexample,intheU.S.wedriveontheright,whilehereinBritainI’vehadtogetusedtodrivingontheleft.Whatelse?Well,theweatherinFloridaisusuallygreat,soI’musedtolotsofsunshine,andIusedtosunbathealot.InLondonitrainssomuch.Idon’tthinkI’llevergetusedtoit,andIalwaysremembertotakemyumbrellawithme.FoodinEnglandisdifferent,too.InAmerica,IusedtoeatalotofMexicanfood.HereinEngland,peopleloveIndianfood,soI’mgettingusedtothedifferenttastes.AtthecompanywhereIwork,it’squitedifferent.Iusedtoworkfrom9a.m.till11p.m.Ihatedworkingsolate.HereinEngland,Istartat8:30a.m.,butfinishat5p.m.OnFridayeveningEnglishpeopleliketogototheclubwithfriends,butinAmericaIusedtogotothegym.Ilovesports.Isthereanythingelse?Someofthewordsaredifferent.Thesubwayiscalledthe“underground”inLondon,andBritishpeoplecallthefall“autumn”.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）（改编）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourthingsthatyoucan'tmissinMacao1.MacaoTheMacaoOneofthemostwelcomedactivitiesisthebungeejump.TheAJHackettMacaoTowerBungeeJumpis233metershigh,makingitaGuinnessWorldRecordasthehighestbungeejumpintheworld.Persuadeyourselftohaveatry!2.GrabatraditionalPortuguesedinnerMacaowascolonized（殖民化）byPortugalbefore1999.Asaresult,Portugueseculturedeeplyinfluencedmanycomers.ManyPortuguesesettledandopenedPortugueserestaurantsinthespecialregion,buttheflavorismoreadaptabletoChinesepeople.3.EnjoyaPortugueseeggtart(葡式蛋挞)Oneofthemust-trylocalfoodsinMacaoisthePortugueseeggtart.ThisdessertisdifferentfromthetraditionalCantoneseeggtart(广式蛋挞).Oneofthevisibledifferencesistheslightlyburnedcarameltop.AmongallbakeriessellingPortugueseeggtarts,touristsprefertogotoLordStow'sBakeryinColoane.4.VisitamuseumMacao,asalittlecitywithonlyanareaof30.5squarekilometers,has23eye-catchingmuseums.Duetoitsuniquehistory,bothEasternandWesternhistoricalsitescanbefound.Manyofthemarepreserved(保留)forculturalheritage,touristspotsormuseums,suchastheGrandPrixMuseum,MaritimeMuseumandWineMuseum.21.Ifyouarefondofbungeejump,wherecanyouenjoyit?A.St.Paul’sCollege B.WinePalaceC.Macao22.WhichisthevisibledifferencebeteweenPortugueseeggtartandCantoneseeggtart?A.Thecolor B.TheslightlyburnedcarameltopC.Thetaste D.Theprice23.WhichmuseumcannotbefoundinMacao?A.GrandCMaritimeMuseum D.Wine【答案】21.C22.B23.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了到澳门旅游不可错过的四件事情。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据MacaoTowerAJHackettBungeeJump部分第二段“Oneofthemostwelcomedactivitiesisthebungeejump.(最受欢迎的活动之一就是蹦极)”可知在澳门塔可以玩蹦极。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据EnjoyaPortugueseeggtart(葡式蛋挞)部分“Oneofthevisibledifferencesistheslightlyburnedcarameltop.(明显的差别之一是稍微烤焦的焦糖色顶部)”可知葡式蛋挞和广式蛋挞的区别在于焦糖色的顶部。故选B。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据Visitamuseum部分第二段最后一句话“Manyofthemarepreserved(保留)forculturalheritage,touristspotsormuseums,suchastheGrandPrixMuseum,MaritimeMuseumandWineMuseum.(其中很多都保留成了文化遗产、旅游景点或博物馆，比如大赛车博物馆、海事博物馆和葡萄酒博物馆)”可判断出只有B选项“水果博物馆”是无法在澳门找到的。故选B。BOnJamesOwen’s70thbirthday,hesawavideoofhimselfwalkingwithdifficultyuptothestagewherehewasgivingatalk.“Ilookedlikeanoldman,”saysOwen,whobuiltasuccessfulcareeronWallStreet.Hewasabout25poundsoverweightandhadchronictroublewithhisback,knees,andshoulders.Butinsteadofgivingintoage,Owendecidedtosetanambitiousfive-yeargoal:Hewantedtobepain-free,andhedecidedthewaytogettherewasthroughexercise—eventhoughatthetimehecouldn’tdoasinglepush-up.Owenbeganhisnewexerciseregimen(养生计划)bywalking,thoughhebecameoutofbreathafterfiveminutes.Butthatdidn’tdiscouragehim.Hekeptatthewalkseveryday,alongwithsomestretching.Oncehehadthosebasicsdone,hestartedweightliftingandhiredapersonaltrainertoteachhimandtodesignaroutinehecouldfollowonhisown.Thelastpiecewasfindingotheractivitiesheenjoyed,whichturnedouttobecyclingandswimming.Inlessthanfiveyears,Owenwasabletodothreesetsof50push-upseachandwalkformileseachday.Andyes,hewasfreeofachesandpains.OwenusedhisexperiencetowriteabookcalledJustMove!ANewApproachtoFitnessAfter50,inwhichhedetailshowolderadultscansafelygetoffthecouchandaddmoremovementtotheirlives.Thekey:gettingstarted,evenifyouwalkjustthreeblocks,whichwasallhecouldmanageatfirst.“Thinkofitasmovement,notexercise,”hesays.“Thekeyisslowandsteadyprogress.”Now81andretired,Owenexercisesanhouraday,sixdaysaweek.“ItisthebestinvestmentI’veevermadeinmylife,”hesays.24.WhydidOwenmakeuphismindtodoexercise?A.Tocelebratehis70thbirthday. B.Togetridofhisphysicalpain.C.Towriteabookaboutexercise. D.Tofindahobbyafterretirement.25.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theexercisehepreferredtodo. B.Theroutinehistrainerdesignedforhim.C.Thedifficultyhemetduringexercise. D.Theprocessheundertooktokeepfit.26.WhatadvicedidOwengivetothepeopleafter50inhisbook?A.TheyshouldinvestonWallStreet. B.Theyshouldonlydosomeslowexercise.C.Theyshoulddoexercisestepbystep. D.Theyshouldexerciseanhouraday27.whatdoestheunderlineword“investment”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Input B.Money C.Solution D.Impression【答案】24.B25.D26.C27.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了詹姆斯欧文在生日之时看见自己老态龙钟的样子决定通过一个五年健身计划来改变自己并成功的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段内容“Butinsteadofgivingintoage,Owendecidedtosetanambitiousfive-yeargoal:Hewantedtobepain-free,andhedecidedthewaytogettherewasthroughexercise—eventhoughatthetimehecouldn’tdoasinglepush-up.(但是，欧文没有屈服于年龄，而是决定设定一个雄心勃勃的五年目标：他想要没有疼痛，他决定通过锻炼来实现这个目标——尽管当时他连一个俯卧撑都不会做。)”可知，欧文下定决心锻炼是为了摆脱身体上的疼痛。故选B项。【25题详解】主旨大意题。通过阅读文章第三段内容，结合该段重点句“Owenbeganhisnewexerciseregimenbywalking(欧文以步行开始他新的运动养生法)”，“Oncehehadthosebasicsdone,hestartedweightliftingandhiredapersonaltrainer…(一旦他完成了这些基本训练，他就开始举重，并雇了一个私人教练……)”，以及“Thelastpiecewasfindingotheractivitiesheenjoyed,whichturnedouttobecyclingandswimming.(最后一件事是找到他喜欢的其他活动，结果是骑自行车和游泳。)”可知，该段从欧文的角度讲述了他逐步进行的锻炼方式：步行，举重，骑自行车和游泳。选项D“Theprocessheundertooktokeepfit.(他努力保持健康的过程。)”概括了第三段的核心内容。故选D项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段末尾内容“Thekey:gettingstarted,evenifyouwalkjustthreeblocks,whichwasallhecouldmanageatfirst.‘Thinkofitasmovement,notexercise,’hesays.‘Thekeyisslowandsteadyprogress.’(关键是：开始，即使你只走三个街区，这是他一开始所能做到的。“把它当成运动，而不是锻炼，”他说。“关键是缓慢而稳定的进展。”)”可知，他在书中给与读者的建议是“关键就是要开始锻炼，并且慢慢取得持续的进步。”故选C项。【27题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章首段内容“‘Ilookedlikeanoldman,’saysOwen,whobuiltasuccessfulcareeronWallStreet.(“我看起来像个老人，”欧文说，他在华尔街建立了成功的职业生涯。)”中对于欧文的身份介绍可知，他在华尔街建立了成功的职业生涯，由此可推知，他是一位金融家，由此结合常识可推知，划线单词“investment”应是“投资”含义，用在“ItisthebestinvestmentI’veevermadeinmylife”句中表达“这是我一生所做出的最好的投资”，与选项A“Input(投入)”表达含义一致。故选A项。CBytheageofsevenmonths,mostchildrenhavelearnedthatobjectsstillexistevenwhentheyareoutofsight.Butitissomethingthatself-drivingcarsdonothave.Andthatisaproblem.Foraself-drivingcar,abicyclethatismomentarilyhiddenbyapassingtruckisabicyclethathasdisappeared.HowtogiveAIthereasoningabilityforaseven-month-oldchildisnowamatterofactiveresearch.ModernAIisbasedontheideaofmachinelearning.Ifanengineerwantsacomputertorecognizeastopsign,hedoesnottrytowritethousandsoflinesofcodethatdescribeeverypatternofpixels(像素)whichcouldpossiblyindicatesuchasign.Instead,hewritesaprogramthatcanlearnforitself,andthenshowsthatprogramthousandsofpicturesofstopsigns.Overmanyrepetitions,theprogramgraduallyworksoutwhatfeaturesallofthesepictureshaveincommon.Similartechniquesareusedtotrainself-drivingcarstooperateintraffic.Buttheydonotunderstandmanythingsahumandrivertakesforgranted.InarecentpaperinArtificialIntelligence,MehulBhattofOrebroUniversityinSweden,describesadifferentapproach.HeandhiscolleaguestooksomeexistingAIprogramswhichareusedbyself-drivingcarsandboltedontothemapieceofsoftware.Intests,ifonecarmomentarilyblockedthesightofanother,thereasoning-enhancedsoftwarecouldkeeptrackoftheblockedcar,predictwhereandwhenitwouldreappear,andtakestepstoavoiditifnecessary.Theimprovementwasnothuge.OnstandardtestsDrBhatt’ssystemscoredabout5%betterthanexistingsoftware.However,thequestiongoesbeyondself-drivingcarstothefutureofAIitself.“Idon’tthinkwe’retakingtherightapproachrightnow,”DrMarcus,whostudiespsychologyandneuralscienceatNewYork28.Whydoestheauthormentionseven-month-oldchildreninthefirstparagraph?A.Toexplainarule. B.Toproveatheory.C.Tomakeaprediction. D.Toleadtoatopic.29.Howdoestheauthorexplain“machinelearning”inparagraph2?A.Byusingdata. B.Bylistingfacts.C.Byintroducingaconcept. D.Bygivinganexample.30.WhatdoweknowaboutDrBhatt’ssystem?A.Itimprovesself-drivingcarsgreatly.B.Itmakesself-drivingcarssaferthanbefore.C.Ithastheintelligenceofaseven-month-oldchild.D.Itusesthesamemethodaspreviousmachinelearning.31.WhatisDrMarcus’sattitudetothepresentsituationofAI?A.Dissatisfied. B.Favorable.C.Uninterested. D.Unclear.【答案】28.D29.D30.B31.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。自动驾驶汽车不具有识别推理暂时被挡住的车的能力，尽管MehulBhatt和同事研究了一款软件系统使自动驾驶汽车比以前更安全，但Marcus博士还是不满意人工智能的现状。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Bytheageofsevenmonths,mostchildrenhavelearnedthatobjectsstillexistevenwhentheyareoutofsight.Butitissomethingthatself-drivingcarsdonothave.Andthatisaproblem.(到7个月大的时候，大多数孩子已经知道即使看不见东西，它们仍然存在。但这是自动驾驶汽车所不具有的。这是个问题)”可知，作者在第一段中提到了7个月大的孩子以此引出本文的话题。故选D项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Ifanengineerwantsacomputertorecognizeastopsign,hedoesnottrytowritethousandsoflinesofcodethatdescribeeverypatternofpixels(像素)whichcouldpossiblyindicatesuchasign.Instead,hewritesaprogramthatcanlearnforitself,andthenshowsthatprogramthousandsofpicturesofstopsigns.(如果一个工程师想让电脑识别一个停车标志，他不会试图写成千上万行代码来描述可能指示这个标志的每一个像素模式。相反，他编写了一个可以自我学习的程序，然后向该程序展示数千张停车标志的图片)”可知，作者是通过举例子的方式解释机器学习的原理。故选D项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“OnstandardtestsDrBhatt’ssystemscoredabout5%betterthanexistingsoftware.(在标准测试中，Bhatt博士的系统比现有的软件得分高出约5%)”可知，Bhatt博士的系统使自动驾驶汽车比以前更安全。故选B项。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Idon’tthinkwe’retakingtherightapproachrightnow,”DrMarcus,whostudiespsychologyandneuralscienceatNewYorkUniversity,says.“It’snotactuallytheanswertoAI.Wehaven’treallysolvedtheintelligenceproblem.”(在纽约大学研究心理学和神经科学的Marcus博士说：“我认为我们现在采取的方法不对。这实际上不是人工智能的答案。我们还没有真正解决智能的问题。”)”可知，Marcus博士并不满意人工智能的现状。故选A项。DClimatechangeleadstoathreattotheworld’ssandybeaches,andasmanyashalfofthemcoulddisappearby2100,anewstudyhasfound.Evenby2050somecoastlinescouldbeunrecognizablefromwhatweseetoday,with10%to12%facingsevereerosion(侵蚀).Usingupdatedsealevelrisepredictions,theresearchersanalyzedhowbeachesaroundtheworldwouldbeinafuturewithhigherseasandmoredamagingstorms.Theyalsoconsiderednaturalprocesseslikewaveerosion,aswellashumanfactors—likecoastalbuildingdevelopments,allofwhichcanaffectabeach’shealth.Thestudyfoundthatsealevelriseisexpectedtooutweightheseotherfactors,andthatthemoreheat-trappinggaseshumansputintotheatmosphere,theworsetheinfluencesontheworld’sbeachesarelikelytobe.It’shardtooverstatejusthowimportanttheworld’sbeachesare.Theycovermorethanonethirdoftheworld’scoastlines,andprotectcoastalareasfromstorms.Beachesarealsoimportanteconomicengines,supportingrelaxation,tourismandotheractivities.Andinsomeareas,thebeachismorethanavacationdestination.InplaceslikeAustralia,lifenearthecoastrevolvesaroundthebeachformuchoftheyear.Someoftheworld’smostpopularbeachesarealreadytakingaction.PlaceslikeMiamiBeachareruckinginthousandsoftonsofsandtopatchup(修复)badlyerodedshorelines,whileothershavebuiltseawallsandbreakwatersinanattempttoholdprecioussandinplace.Butthefinancialandenvironmentalcostsoftheseprojectsarehuge,andscientistssayrisingseasandmorepowerfulstorms,superchargedbyawarmerclimate,willmakethisalosingbattle.However,theresearchersdidfindthathumanshavesomecontroloverwhathappenstotheworld’sbeaches.Iftheworld’sgovernmentsareabletosticktomodestcutstoheat-tappinggaspollution,theresearchersfoundthat22%ofprojectedbeachlossesby2050couldbeprevented,anumberthatgrowsto40%by2100ifgreenhousegasesarelimited.32.Whichisthebiggestcontributortoseverebeacherosion?A.Damagingstorms. B.Waveerosion. C.Coastalbuilding. D.Sealevelrise.33.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?A.Itishardtoprotectcoastalbeaches. B.Onethirdofstormstakeplacenearbeaches.C.Beachesareofgreatsignificancetoourlives. D.MostAustraliansliveonbeachtourism.34.Peopleusevariousmethodstoprotectbeachesexcept________.A.Truckinginthousandsoftonsofsandtorepairerodedshorelines.B.Developingcoastalbuildings.C.Buildingseawallstoholdsandinplace.D.Buildingbreakwaterstokeepsandinplace.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Halfbeachescoulddisappearby2100. B.Climatechangeisdoingharmtoourlives.C.Thebeachismorethanavacationdestination. D.Governmentsaretakingactiontofightwaveerosion.【答案】32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了由于气候的变化尤其是海平面的上升，到2100年，可能有多达一半的沙滩消失，甚至到2050年，一些海岸线也可能无法从我们今天看到的情况中辨认出来，其中10%到12%的海岸线将面临严重的侵蚀。【32题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“Theyalsoconsiderednaturalprocesseslikewaveerosion,aswellashumanfactors—likecoastalbuildingdevelopments,allofwhichcanaffectabeach’shealth.Thestudyfoundthatsealevelriseisexpectedtooutweightheseotherfactors,andthatthemoreheat-trappinggaseshumansputintotheatmosphere,theworsetheinfluencesontheworld’sbeachesarelikelytobe.(研究人员还考虑了海浪侵蚀等自然过程，以及沿海建筑开发等人为因素，所有这些因素都会影响海滩的健康。研究发现预计海平面上升将超过这些其他因素，而且人类向大气中排放的吸热气体越多，对世界海滩的影响可能就越严重)”可知，海平面上升是造成严重海滩侵蚀的最大因素。故选D项。【33题详解】推理判断题。由第三段“It’shardtooverstatejusthowimportanttheworld’sbeachesare.Theycovermorethanonethirdoftheworld’scoastlines,andprotectcoastalareasfromstorms.Beachesarealsoimportanteconomicengines,supportingrelaxation,tourismandotheractivities.Andinsomeareas,thebeachismorethanavacationdestination.InplaceslikeAustralia,lifenearthecoastrevolvesaroundthebeachformuchoftheyear.(很难夸大世界海滩的重要性。它们覆盖了世界三分之一以上的海岸线，保护沿海地区免受风暴的侵袭。海滩也是重要的经济引擎，支持休闲、旅游和其他活动。在一些地区，海滩不仅仅是度假目的地。在澳大利亚等地，海岸附近的生活在一年的大部分时间里都围绕着海滩)”可知，从第三段中推断出海滩对我们的生活意义重大。故选C项。【34题详解】细节理解题。由第四段中的“PlaceslikeMiamiBeachareruckinginthousandsoftonsofsandtopatchup(修复)badlyerodedshorelines,whileothershavebuiltseawallsandbreakwatersinanattempttoholdprecioussandinplace.(迈阿密海滩等地正在用成千上万吨的沙子修补严重侵蚀的海岸线，而其他一些地方则建造了海堤和防波堤，试图将珍贵的沙子保留在适当的位置)”可知，人们用成千上万吨的沙子修补严重侵蚀的海岸线，建造了海堤和防波堤来保护海滩，并未提及B项“开发沿海建筑”来保护海滩。故选B项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。由第一段“Climatechangeleadstoathreattotheworld’ssandybeaches,andasmanyashalfofthemcoulddisappearby2100,anewstudyhasfound.Evenby2050somecoastlinescouldbeunrecognizablefromwhatweseetoday,with10%to12%facingsevereerosion(侵蚀).(一项新的研究发现，气候变化对世界沙滩构成威胁，到2100年，多达一半的沙滩可能消失。甚至到2050年，一些海岸线也可能无法从我们今天看到的情况中辨认出来，其中10%到12%面临严重侵蚀)”可知，本文主要讲述了由于气候的变化尤其是海平面的上升，到2100年，可能有多达一半的沙滩会消失，A项“到2100年，一半的海滩可能消失”符合句意。故选A项。第二节：七选五（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）（改编）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Manyfriendshipsgothroughtoughtimes,butadifficultfightmayleaveyourrelationshipbeyondrepair.However,ifyoureallycareaboutthisperson,itwillbeworththeefforttofixabrokenfriendship.____36____Bethefirstonetoreachout.Ifyouaren’ttalkingtoeachother,someonewillhavetomakethefirstmove.Letitbeyouthistime!____37____Youneedtotryafewdifferentwaystoreachthem.____38____Explainwhatyoufeelistheproblemandbehonestaboutit.Thenaskthemtodothesame.Reallylistenanddon’tcutin.Thisway,youbothgettotellyoursideofthestoryandgeteverythingoutonthetable.Apologize(道歉)tothemandaccepttheirapology.Evenifyoudidn’tdoanythingandyoubelievethesituationistheirfault,openingwithanapologysetsthetone.Youcouldsay,“I’mreallysorrythatthingshavegottentothispoint.____39____”Ifyoudidsomethingwrong,apologizetothemfrankly.Iftheyapologizetoyou,accepttheirapologykindly.Takethingsslowly.Ifyouandyourbestfriendhadamajorfallingout,hangingouteverydayafterschoolasyouusedtodoprobablyisn’tthehealthiestwaytorebuildthings.____40____Thiswillgiveyoubothtimetohealandrebuildyourfriendshiptogether.A.Communicateabouttheproblemhonestlyandopenly.B.Itshowsthatyou’reseriousaboutsettlingthings.C.Examinethewayyoutreateachother.D.Thefollowingtipswillhelpyouknowhowtomakeit.E.Iwantthingstobebetterbetweenus.F.Instead,youshouldstartslowlywithoccasionalhangoutsorphonecalls.G.Thus,youshouldstopmakinganargumentandtrustyourfriend.【答案】36.D37.B38.A39.E40.F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述的是几种恢复友谊的方法。【36题详解】根据上文“However,ifyoureallycareaboutthisperson,itwillbeworththeefforttofixabrokenfriendship.（然而，如果你真的在乎这个人，修复一段破裂的友谊是值得的。）”和下文的建议可知，空处承上启下，引出下文的建议。D项：Thefollowingtipswillhelpyouknowhowtomakeit.（下面的建议将帮助你了解如何做到这一点。）符合语境。故选D。【37题详解】根据上句“Letitbeyouthistime!（这次就让你来吧！）”以及本段的中心句“Bethefirstonetoreachout.（做第一个主动伸出援手的人）”可知，设空处说明第一个主动伸出援手的人表明的是你的什么态度。B项：Itshowsthatyou’reseriousaboutsettlingthings.（这表明你对解决问题很认真。）符合语境。故选B。【38题详解】根据下文“Explainwhatyoufeelistheproblemandbehonestaboutit.Thenaskthemtodothesame.Reallylistenanddon’tcutin.Thisway,youbothgettotellyoursideofthestoryandgeteverythingoutonthetable.（解释你的问题所在，并诚实地面对它。然后让他们也这样做。认真倾听，不要插话。这样，你俩都能说出自己的看法，把一切都摊开来讲。）”可知，本段在说要诚布公地沟通问题。“communicate”对应；“honestly”和“honest”对应。A项：Communicateabouttheproblemhonestlyandopenly.（诚实和公开地沟通这个问题。）符合语境。故选A。【39题详解】根据上句“I’mreallysorrythatthingshavegottentothispoint.（事情发展到这一步，我感到非常抱歉。）”可知，选项承接上文说明对我们之间关系的期望，进而表明自己的态度。E项：Iwantthingstobebetterbetweenus.（我希望我们之间能好起来。）符合语境。故选E。【40题详解】根据上文“Ifyouandyourbestfriendhadamajorfallingout,hangingouteverydayafterschoolasyouusedtodoprobablyisn’tthehealthiestwaytorebuildthings.（如果你和你最好的朋友大吵了一架，像你以前那样每天放学后一起出去玩可能不是重建关系的最健康的方式。）”可知，设空处应该提出重建关系的好的方式是什么。F项：Instead,youshouldstartslowlywithoccasionalhangoutsorphonecalls.（相反，你应该从偶尔的聚会或打电话慢慢开始。）符合语境。故选F。第三部分：语言运用（共三节，满分45分）第一节：完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）（改编）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I’mstandinginaclassofwild14-year-oldgirlsastheythrowpaperandhowlwithlaughter.Theywon’tlistentome.Ineverwantedto____41____.Iwantedtobeawriter.ButwhenIarrivedinLondon,theywere____42____ofteachers.Myeffortsatteachingwere____43____.Whenthebellfinallyrang,I____44____tothestaffroom,redwithanger.Theotherteachersweren’t____45____.“That’s4B,theworstclassinschool.”ButIcouldn’tgiveup.I____46____formallessons.Instead,Ibroughttopicsforclassdiscussion.Oneoftheliveliesttalkswasabouttheargumentstheyhadwiththeir____47____Theypaidattentionandwere____48____toshareabouttheirfamilylives.ThenIhadthemwriteaboutthemselves.Astimewenton,theiressaysbecamea____49____betweenus.I____50____theirhumor,toughnessandeagerness,andIthinktheyappreciatedmyinterestintheirlives.ThemusicalMy