人教版高考英语一轮复习必修第1册UNIT4 NATURAL DISASTERS练习含答案

UNIT4NATURALDISASTERSⅠ.阅读理解AShawnTriplettknewtherewasadesperateneedtohelpthechildrenofMayfield,Kentucky,afteradeadlystormstruckthetown.MayfieldwasoneofthetownshardesthitafteralineofstormscrossedthecentralUSonFridaynightandSaturdaymorning.Triplett—aMayfieldresidentandaformersoldier—wasinChicagothatFridaynight.Alarmedbytheweatherreports,hiswifeandtwoyoungchildrenwenttostayinahotelofthenearbytown,Paducah,withoutsufferingthestormsandultimatelyoutofthepathofthetornadoes(龙卷风).Abletoreturnhomethenextmorning,Triplettwasshockedbyhowthetownwasdestroyedandwantedtohelphoweverhecould.Hearrivedatthevolunteercenter,wherehewasaskedtoguideaphoto-journalistthroughstreetsfilledwithremains.Thatnight,thetworeturnedtoshelterswheretheysawmanysufferedfamiliesincludingonewomancomfortinghersonovertheirlostChristmas.“Itwasveryheartbreaking,toomuchformetohandle,”hesaid.Therefore,hedecidedthatmoreneededtobedoneforthechildrenaffectedbythestorm.Noticingthatsuppliesavailablewereessentialssuchasgenerators(发电机)andbottledwater,heturnedtohisfriendsonsocialmediafordonationssothathecouldgotoWalmartandpurchasetoysandgiftsforthekids.Around$2,000wereraised,andthestoregaveTriplettadiscountuponlearningofhisefforts.Aswordspreadonwebsites,moredonationspouredin.Hewasabletoreturnthefollowingdayandanother$6,000wasspentontoysandboardgames,hesaid.FortypairsofshoeswerealsopickedupatalocalShoeSensation.Triplettandothervolunteerswillwrapanddistributethetoysforanychildorfamilyinneed.Hecreditsthekindnessofeveryonewhotriedtohelpandgetfamiliesbackontheirfeetrightbeforetheholidays.1.WhywereTriplettandhisfamiliessafefromthedisaster?A.Theywererescuedbysoldiers.B.Theydidn’tcomebacktoMayfield.C.Theywerehelpedbyanaidagency.D.TheyhappenedtobetravellinginChicago.2.WhatdidTriplettseeintheshelters?A.Avolunteercleaningthestreet.B.Aboycryingforhislostfamily.C.Aphoto-journalisttakingpictures.D.Amothercalmingherchilddown.3.WhatdoTriplett’sdonationsmainlycontain?A.First-aidkits.B.Emergencyfood.C.Essentialsupplies.D.Entertainmentitems.4.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeTriplett?A.Generousandhard-working.B.Braveandenergetic.C.Sympatheticandwarm-hearted.D.Foresightedanddetermined.BScientistshavelearnedmoreabouttheinnerworkingsoftheEarthbystudyingthewaywavesfromearthquakestravelthroughtheplanet’scenter.TheresultssuggestthattheEarth’sinnercoremaybestartingtospinmoreslowlythantheEarth.TheEarth’scorehastwoparts:theoutercoreandtheinnercore.Bothofthesearemademainlyofthemetals—ironandnickel.Theoutercoreisliquid.Buttheinnercoreisasolidballheldinthisliquidalmostliketheyolk(蛋黄)inanegg.ScientistssuspectedforalongtimethattheinnercoremightbespinningslightlydifferentlyfromthewaytheEarthspins.Inthe1990s,twoscientists,PaulRichardsandSongXiaodong,studiedtheinnercorebylookingatthewavesfromearthquakesthattravelthroughthecenteroftheEarth.Theyfocusedongroupsandpairsofwavesfromearthquakesthatnaturallyrepeat.IftheinnercorewasspinningexactlywiththeEarth,eachwaveofthepairshouldhavetakenthesametimetopassthroughtheEarth.Instead,somemovedfasterthanothers.Thiswasbecausetheywerehittingdifferentpartsoftheinnercoreasitspun.TheirstudiesrevealedthattheinnercorewasspinninginthesamedirectionastheEarth,butslightlyfaster.NowDr.SongandYiYang—anotherscientistwhostudiestheEarth—saythey’veusedthesamemethodtolearnthattheEarth’sinnercoremaybestartingtospinslowerthantheEarth.TheresearchersstudiedearthquakewavepairsfromAlaska,goingallthewaybackto1964.Theynoticedthattheinnercore’sspinalsoseemedtochangespeedintheearly1970s.Thescientistssaythattheinnercoremayhaveapatternofspeedingupandslowingdownevery70yearsorso.Noteveryoneagrees.ManyscientistswhostudytheEarthsaymoreinformationneededtofigureoutwhatisreallygoingon.5.Whyisaneggmentionedinthesecondparagraph?A.ToexplainhowtheEarth’scoremoves.B.Toshowtheimportanceoftheinnercore.C.Toillustratethecompositionoftheoutercore.D.TohelppicturethestructureoftheEarth’score.6.Whatdidthescientistsdiscoverabouttheinnercoreinthe1990s?A.Itsentoutearthquakewaves.B.Itchangedspeedrepeatedly.C.ItmovedexactlywiththeEarth.D.ItmovedalittlefasterthantheEarth.7.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthestudyresult?A.Itisaccurateandreliable.B.Itexcitesthescientists.C.Itneedsfurtherconfirmation.D.Ithascausedaheateddiscussion.8.Whatisthetext?A.Asciencereport.B.Asci-fistory.C.Adiaryentry.D.Abrochure.Ⅱ.七选五HowtotakeafamilyroadtripRoadtripsareagreatoptionforvacationbecausetheyallowyoutoseemultipleplacesinonetripandcanbecustomizedtowhatyourfamilywantstodoandsee.1Herearesomestepstotakebeforeyouhittheroad.

First,youandyourfamilywillwanttofigureoutwhenyoucantakearoadtripandforhowlong.Youcanhaveeveryonesitdownwithacalendaranddecidewhenyoucantaketimeofftogether.Youmayfindyouhaveaweekattheendofthesummeroralongweekendinthefallwhenyou’refreetotravel.2

3Discusspotentialdestinationsandanyspecialfactorstoconsider,liketheweather.Youcouldchooseaplaceyou’vealwayswantedtovisit.Justbesuretochoosealocationthatgivesyoutimetogetthereandbackandenjoyyourvisit.

Thenyoucanmapoutyourroadtrip.PluginyourcurrentcityandfinaldestinationintoawebsiteorapplikeGoogleMapsandstartconsideringgoodplacestostoptosleepatnightandwhatsightsyoumightwanttovisitalongtheway.4Ifyouputinyourroute,itwillpopulatealistofinterestingthingstoseeonyourdrive.

Last,haveyourcarstockedwithnecessitieslikewater,snacks,andfirstaidsuppliesincaseofanemergency.5Forexample,youcantakeactivitybooksortravelversionsofboardgames.Youcanalsodownloadanaudiobookormusictolistentotogether.

A.Nextyou’llneedtodecidewheretogo.B.Toomanyclothesorvaluablesmakenosense.C.Asuccessfulroadtripalsotakessomeplanning.D.Youcanreallygainalotfromanamazingroadtrip.E.Anotheroptionistouseawebsitelike.F.You’llalsowanttothinkaboutwhattohavewithyoutostayentertained.G.Onceyou’vedeterminedwhatcanwork,haveeveryoneaddthetripdatestotheirschedule.Ⅲ.语法填空HerbalmedicineisanimportantpartofChinesecultureandthepracticeoftraditionalChinesemedicine.TheemperorShenNongissaidtohavetasted100herbs,1.allowedhimtoteachtheChinesepeoplehowtousethemintheirdietand2.(treat)forillness.Theseherbshelpthebodytostayinbalanceandgojiberriesareoneof3.(they).

Since200BCE,gojiberries4.(use)intraditionalChinesemedicine.InChina,gojiberriesareknown5.“wolfberryfruits”,andtheywereoncementionedinthe6.(old)bookofChineseherbsinexistence,ShenNongBenCaoJing.Theyarealsoknowntoact7.(positive)ontheorgansbecauseofthedetoxifying(解毒)properties,thus8.(contribute)toourqiandenergy.

Gojiberriesare9.excellentsourceofantioxidants(抗氧化剂),aminoacidsand20othertraceminerals.Thelistofgojiberrybenefitsislong,includingitsabilitytopromotehealthyskin,protecteyehealth,adjustbloodsugarlevelsandfightcancer.

InChina,gojiberriesarecommonlycookedandaddedtorecipeslikeporridge,soupsanddishes10.(make)withchicken,porkorvegetables.Theyarealsousedtomakevariouskindsoftea,juicesandwines.Ⅳ.应用文写作假定你是李华,上周你校举办了手工制作活动,活动用料全部来自生活中的可回收材料。请你为校英文报写一篇短文,内容包括:1.活动目的;2.活动内容;3.你的感受。注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;2.请在相应位置作答。AHandcraftMakingActivity_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Triplett在暴风雪后组织朋友对当地受灾儿童进行捐赠的故事。1.B细节理解题。根据第二段的“Triplett...withoutsufferingthestormsandultimatelyoutofthepathofthetornadoes.”可知,作为当地居民的他们却安全的原因是灾难发生之际他们都没有回到受灾区。2.D细节理解题。根据第三段的“Thatnight,thetworeturnedtoshelterswheretheysawmanysufferedfamiliesincludingonewomancomfortinghersonovertheirlostChristmas.”可知,当晚Triplett回到避难所后看到了许多灾民,其中一位母亲正在抚慰因无法庆祝圣诞而伤心的儿子,让他镇静下来。3.D细节理解题。根据第四段的“Noticingthatsuppliesavailablewereessentialssuchasgeneratorsandbottledwater,...purchasetoysandgiftsforthekids.”以及“Hewasabletoreturnthefollowingdayandanother$6,000wasspentontoysandboardgames,hesaid.”可知,Triplett给灾区儿童们的捐赠物主要是玩具、棋盘游戏等娱乐用品。4.C推理判断题。根据第三段的“Abletoreturnhomethenextmorning...tohelphoweverhecould.”;“Thatnight...theirlostChristmas.”以及最后一段的“Hecredits...theholidays.”可知,Triplett看到了避难所的景象并为之动容,从而决定组织捐赠。可以推断出,Triplett是一个富有同情心的且热心肠的人。【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究发现,地球内核的自转速度可能比地球慢,但这一发现并非所有人都认可,仍需要进一步弄清到底发生了什么。5.D推理判断题。根据第二段可知,本段主要介绍的是地球内核的构造,与鸡蛋的构造有相似之处,所以,此处提到鸡蛋是以此来说明地球内核构造。6.D细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“Inthe1990s,twoscientists,PaulRichardsandSongXiaodong,studiedtheinnercorebylookingatthewavesfromearthquakesthattravelthroughthecenteroftheEarth.”和“TheirstudiesrevealedthattheinnercorewasspinninginthesamedirectionastheEarth,butslightlyfaster.”可知,20世纪90年代对地球内核的研究发现,地球内核的旋转方向与地球相同,但速度略快。7.C推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,研究结果并非所有人都认可,仍需要进一步弄清到底发生了什么,由此可知,这项研究需要进一步证实。8.A推理判断题。根据首段可知,本文讲述的是科学研究发现,地球内核可能比地球旋转得更慢,下文对此研究进行分析,由此可知,本文是一篇科学研究报告。Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍的是如何进行家庭自驾游。1.C根据空前的“Roadtripsareagreatoption...familywantstodoandsee.”可知,自驾游有很多的便利之处,根据空后的“Herearesomestepstotakebeforeyouhittheroad.”可知,下文给出自驾游的方法,由此可知,自驾游虽有很多便利之处,但也需要有些计划,C项讲述的内容起到承上启下的作用。故选C项。2.G根据本段的主题句“First,youandyourfamilywillwanttofigureoutwhenyoucantakearoadtripandforhowlong.”可知,该段讲述的是自驾游的时间安排,G项讲述的与履行日期的安排有关,与本文的主题一致。故选G项。3.A根据第二段的主题句中的“First”,以及第四段的主题句“Thenyoucanmapoutyourroadtrip.”可知,该主题句应是按照顺序讲述,A项中的“Next”与“First”和“Then”衔接,且与空后的“Discusspotentialdestinationsandanyspecialfactorstoconsider,liketheweather.”相吻合。故选A项。4.E根据空前的“Pluginyourcurrentcityandfinal...visitalongtheway.”可知,此处讲述的是规划路线的建议,可以使用谷歌地图等网站或应用程序来规划,E项中的“Anotheroption”承接了空前的内容,讲述的是使用类似于这样的网站来规划路线。故选E项。5.F根据空后的“Forexample,youcantakeactivitybooksortravelversionsofboardgames.”可知,自驾游可以带上一些棋盘游戏,Forexample是为了对此空进行举例说明,由此可知,此空处讲述的应和自驾游携带的物品与娱乐相关,F项讲述的内容与空后列举的实例一致。故选F项。Ⅲ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统草药中的枸杞。1.which考查定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面整句话的内容,关系词在定语从句中作主语,应用关系代词which引导。故填which。2.treatment/treatments考查词性转换。句意:据说神农皇帝尝过100种草药,这使他能够教中国人如何在饮食和治疗疾病中使用它们。and连接两个并列的名词,可以用单数名词或复数名词。故填treatment或treatments。3.them考查代词。句意:这些草药有助于身体保持平衡,枸杞就是其中之一。介词后用宾语,故填them。4.havebeenused考查动词的语态。根据Since200BCE可知,此处需用现在完成时,主语gojiberries和use是被动关系,应用现在完成时的被动语态,主语是复数,助动词使用have。故填havebeenused。5.as考查介词。句意:在中国