《Unit 2 Looing into the Future》单元复习与单元测试卷

高中英语选择性必修一《UNIT2LookingintotheFuture》单元复习Ⅰ.匹配词义单词匹配第一组1．identify A．adj.远程的；偏远的2．phrase B．vt.确认；找到；显示3．remote C．n.短语；词组4．automatic D．vi.&vt.(使)合并；成为一体5．integrate E．adj.自动的6．efficient F．n.常规；正常顺序adj.常规的； 日常的7．routine G．adj.严重的；关键的；批判性的8．monitor H．adj.效率高的；有功效的9．critical I．n.幻想；想象10．fantasy J．vt.监视；检查n.班长；显示 屏；监视器[答案]1－5BCAED6－10HFJGI第二组1．crime A．vt.克隆；以无性繁殖技术复制 n．克隆动物(或植物)2．artificial B．n.犯罪活动；不法行为3．clone C．adj.人工的；人造的；假的4．hence D．vi.&vt.(使)停止；终止5．cease E．adv.因此；由此6．rural F．n.可能性；前景7．career G．n.文章8．prospect H．n.抵制；反对；抗拒9．essay I．adj.乡村的；农村的10．resistance J．n.职业；事业[答案]1－5BCAED6－10IJFGH短语匹配1．switchonA．关(电灯、机器等)2．switchoff B．开(电灯、机器等)3．dailyroutine C．在初期；早先4．earlyon D．日常生活5．catchfire E．从这种意义上来讲6．inthissense F．着火7．in...sense G．(与……)保持联系；了解(某课题 或领域的情况)8．keepintouch(with...) H．从某种意义上来讲[答案]1－5BADCF6－8EHGⅡ.默写单词第一组1．persuadevt. 劝说；说服2．distantadj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在 焉的3．secureadj. 安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的vt. 获得；拴牢；保护4．switchvt. 转换；交换vt.&vi. (使)改变；转变n. 开关；转换器；改变5．instantn. 瞬间；片刻adj. 立即的；速食的；速溶的6．commandn. 指令；命令；控制vt. 命令；控制7．leakvi.&vt. 漏；渗漏；透露n. 漏洞；裂缝；透露8．constantadj. 不断的；重复的；不变的n. 常数；常量9．potentialadj. 可能的；潜在的n. 潜力；可能性10．availableadj. 可获得的；可购得的；(人)有空的第二组1．forecastvt.&n. 预测；预报2．combinevt.&vi. (使)结合；混合3．predictvt. 预测；预言；预料4．opposevt. 反对；抵制；阻挠5．advocatevt. 提倡；支持；拥护n. 提倡者；支持者；拥护者6．absencen. 不存在；缺乏；缺席7．emphasisn. 强调；重视；重要性8．resistvi.&vt. 抵制；反抗；抵挡9．paragraphn. 段；段落10．structuren. 结构；体系vt. 系统安排；精心组织Ⅰ.选词填空commanded,relevant,routine,opposed,secure,advocates,persuade,instant,monitors,critical1．Canyoupersuadehernottothinkaboutherfoolishplans?2．Canyousecuremetwogoodseatsfortheconcert?3．Theinstantthepresidentdeclaredthecelebrationopen,thecrowdcheered.4．Hecommandedthatwe(should)startatonce.5．Idon'tthinkhisremarksarerelevanttoourdiscussion.6．It'sjustaroutinemedicalexamination,nothingtogetworriedabout.7．Thisinstrumentmonitorsthepatient'sheartbeats.8．Weareatacriticaltimeinhistory.9．Headvocatesstreamingchildren,andeducatingthemaccordingtotheirneeds.10．Thehusbandstronglyopposedhiswife'sgoingtherealone.Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词1．Hehasapreference(prefer)forfruitsandvegetablesratherthanmeat.2．Thepoliceissuedawarning(warn)toalldrugusersinthecity.3．Ifyoubuyadrier,lookforonewithasensor(sense)whichswitchesoffwhenclothesaredry.4．Thiscomputerprogramcanbeintegrated(integrate)withexistingprograms.5．We'dbettergetsomeonetocheckthewiring(wire)beforewestartdecorating.6．Shebelievedshehadcomeupwithoneofthegreatestinnovations(innovate)ofmoderntimes.7．Thisgreatprediction(predict)iscomingtrue.8．Ade'sconstantabsences(absent)fromworkmadehisbossveryangry.9．Youneedtobuildupyourresistance(resist)tocolds.10．It'sabnormal(normal)forthelittleboytoeatsomuch.1．Thesesmarthomeswillkeepussecure,saveusenergy,andprovideamorecomfortableenvironmenttolivein.这些智能之家将保证我们的安全，节约能源，提供更舒适的居住环境。2.Inaddition,yoursmarthomewillbemonitoringyourhealthforyoueveryday.此外，你的智能之家每天都会监测你的健康状况。3．Smarttoiletswillbekeepingconstanttrackofyourhealthaswell.智能马桶也会持续跟踪记录你的健康状况。4．Thissmarttechnologyisnotafantasy.这种智能技术不是幻想。5．Manyofthesenewinnovationsarealreadyavailableandbeingusedinsomehomes.许多这样的新发明已经可以使用，并在一些家庭中正在使用。词语助读①forgettodo...忘记做某事②switchofftheTV关掉电视③allthetime(在该段时间内)一直；一向④leadtoproblems导致问题⑤inthenot­too­distantfuture在不远的将来⑥keepussecure保证我们安全⑦provideamorecomfortableenvironment提供更舒适的环境(1)that引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词smarthomes；其中when引导两个时间状语从句。(2)不定式短语作名词environment的后置定语。⑧switchesforourlights电灯的开关⑨advancedtechnology先进的技术⑩useintegratedsensors用集成传感器⑪allbyitself自动⑫thinkaboutdoing...考虑做某事⑬dailyroutineandpreferences日常习惯和偏好⑭comeon开始工作⑮respondtovoicecommands响应语音指令(3)when引导名词性从句，作动词tell的宾语。(4)so连接表示因果关系的并列句，其中whenyougethomeeachevening为时间状语从句。(5)theinstant引导时间状语从句，相当于assoonas。(6)and连接表示顺承关系的并列句，其中findyourdinneralreadypreparedforyou为“find＋宾语＋过去分词作宾补”结构。(7)so连接表示因果关系的并列句，其中ifyouwanttochangeyourroutine为条件状语从句，whatyouwant为宾语从句。⑯inaddition此外⑰monitoryourhealth监测你的健康状况⑱keepconstanttrackof持续跟踪⑲aswell也⑳warnyouearlyon提前警告你(8)how引导的名词性从句，作动词record的宾语。(9)if引导条件状语从句。(10)“疑问词＋不定式”结构，作介词on的宾语。(11)or连接两个if引导的条件状语从句。eq\o(○,\s\up2(21))preventseriousdamagefromaccidents防止事故造成的严重损害eq\o(○,\s\up2(22))provideyouwiththerelevantinformation向你提供相关信息eq\o(○,\s\up2(23))fixtheproblem解决这个问题(12)or连接两个if引导的条件状语从句。(13)before引导时间状语从句。eq\o(○,\s\up2(24))manyofthesenewinnovations许多这样的新发明eq\o(○,\s\up2(25))inthissense从这个意义上说(14)before引导时间状语从句。课文呈现SMARTHOMESTOMAKELIFEEASIERHaveyoueverforgottentolock①thedoorofyourhouse?Or,haveyoueverforgottentoswitchofftheTV②orcomputer?Thesekindsofthingshappentousallthetime③,wasteresources,andcansometimesleadtoproblems④.However,inthenot­too­distantfuture⑤,wewillbelivinginsmarthomesthatwilllockthedoorforuswhenweareawayandremembertoswitchofftheTVwhenweforget(1)．Thesesmarthomeswillkeepussecure⑥,saveusenergy,andprovideamorecomfortableenvironment⑦tolivein(2)．IntelligentControlsToday,wehavetouseswitchesforourlights⑧,knobsforourappliances,andremotecontrolsforourTVsandairconditioners.Inthefuture,wewillbeusingadvancedtechnology⑨everydayforautomaticcontrolofjustabouteverythinginourhome.Thefuturehomewilluseintegratedsensors⑩totellwhenyouleavehomeeachmorning(3),andthengointoanenergy­efficientmodeallbyitself⑪.Youwillnolongerhavetothinkaboutturning⑫switchesonandoffyourself.Yourhomewillalsolearnyourdailyroutineandpreferences⑬,soeverythingwillbereadyforyouwhenyougethomeeachevening(4)．Yourlightswillcomeon⑭theinstantyouenterthedoor(5)alongwithyourfavouritemusicorTVprogrammes,andyouwillfindyourdinneralreadypreparedforyou(6)．Allcontrolswillrespondtovoicecommands⑮,soifyouwanttochangeyourroutine,youjustsayaloudwhatyouwantandthehomesystemwillobey(7)．RegularHealthChecksInaddition⑯,yoursmarthomewillbemonitoringyourhealth⑰foryoueveryday.Yourbed,forexample,willrecordhowwellyousleepeverynight(8)．Itwillalsobecheckingyourbodyweight.Ifyoustarttohavesleeporweightproblems(9),itwillsendawarningtoyourphone.Itwillalsogiveyousuggestionsonahealthierdietandhowtosleepbetter(10)．Smarttoiletswillbekeepingconstanttrackof⑱yourhealthaswell⑲.Theycanwarnyouearlyon⑳ifthereissomethingabnormalorifyouhaveacriticalillness(11),suchascancer,andpotentiallysaveyourlife.NoMoreDisastersSmarthomeswillbeabletopreventseriousdamagefromaccidentseq\o(○,\s\up2(21)).Forexample,ifawaterpipestartsleaking,orifthereisashortintheelectricalwiring(12),yoursmarthomewilldetectitandprovideyouwiththerelevantinformationeq\o(○,\s\up2(22)).Thisway,youwillbeabletofixtheproblemeq\o(○,\s\up2(23))beforeyourhomebecomesfloodedorcatchesfire(13)．Thissmarttechnologyisnotafantasy.Manyofthesenewinnovationseq\o(○,\s\up2(24))arealreadyavailableandbeingusedinsomehomes.Inthissenseeq\o(○,\s\up2(25)),thehomeoftomorrowisalreadythehomeoftoday.Nevertheless,itwilltakesomeyearsbeforemostnewhomesbegintousethisnewtechnology(14)．译文参考智能家居让生活更轻松你有没有忘记过锁门？或者，你曾经忘记关掉电视或电脑吗？这种事情经常发生在我们身上，浪费资源，有时还会导致问题。然而，在不远的将来，我们将生活在智能家居中，当我们外出时，智能家居会为我们锁门，当我们忘记时，智能之家会提醒我们关掉电视。这些智能之家将保证我们的安全，节约能源，提供更舒适的居住环境。智能控制今天，我们必须使用电灯的开关、电器的旋钮、电视和空调的遥控器。在未来，我们每天都会使用先进技术对家中几乎所有东西进行自动化控制。未来的家庭将使用集成传感器来判断你每天早上什么时候离开家，然后自动进入节能模式。你将不再需要考虑自己开关。你未来的家也会了解你的日常习惯和偏好，所以当你每天晚上回家时，一切都会为你准备好。你一进家门，灯就会亮起，还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目(会自动播放)，而且你会发现晚餐已为你准备好了。所有的控制都会响应语音指令，所以如果你想改变你的日常工作，你只要大声说出你想要什么，家庭系统就会服从。定期健康检查此外，你的智能之家每天都会监测你的健康状况。例如，你的床会记录你每晚的睡眠质量。它也会检查你的体重。如果你开始有睡眠或体重问题，它会向你的手机发送警告。它还会为你提供更健康的饮食和如何睡得更好的建议。智能马桶也会持续跟踪记录你的健康状况。如果有什么不正常的情况，或者你有严重的疾病，比如癌症，它们可以提前警告你，并可能挽救你的生命。不再有灾难智能家居将能够防止事故造成的严重损害。例如，如果水管漏水或发生电线短路，你的智能房屋将会探测出来，并给你提供相关的信息。这样，你就能在房子被水淹或着火之前解决这个问题。这种智能技术不是幻想。许多这样的新发明已经可以使用，并在一些家庭中正在使用。从这个意义上说，明天的家已经是今天的家了。然而，要让大多数新家庭开始使用这项新技术还需要几年的时间。Youcanneverplanthefuturebythepast.—Burke你永远不要依照过去来计划将来。——伯克Imaginationisnottobedivorcedfromthefacts.—A.N.Whitehead想象不应脱离现实。——艾尔弗雷德·诺思·怀特海Ilikethedreamsofthefuturebetterthanthehistoryofthepast.—T.Jefferson我不缅怀过去的历史，而致力于未来的梦想。——托马斯·杰斐逊Livingwithoutanaimislikesailingwithoutacompass.—J.Ruskin生活而无目标，犹如航海之无指南针。——鲁斯金Anythingonemancanimagine,othermencanmakeitreal.—JulesVerne但凡人能想象到的事物，必定有人能将它实现。——儒勒·凡尔纳Lifeisjustaseriesoftryingtomakeupyourmind.—T.Fuller生活只是由一系列下决心的努力所构成。——富勒HopeandDespairHopeismagicthatpullspeopleoutoftheedgeofdespairandgivesthemtheenergytogoforabrightfuture.Lifeteachesusnottoregretoveryesterdaybecauseithaspassedandisbeyondourcontrol.Tomorrowisunknownbecauseitcouldeitherbebrightordull.Sotheonlywayistoworkhardtoday，andwewillenjoyabettertomorrow.It'sexcitingtoimaginehowfuturehumanswillhavesolvedtheproblemswehavenow,orwhatamazingnewinventionswillmakeourlivesmoreconvenientandinteresting.Robotswillbedoingmostofourjobs,frombuildinghomestoteachingmath.Therearealreadyrobotsthatcleanfloorsandpumpgas.Inthefuturetheywillbemorecomplicated(复杂的)anduseful.Unfortunately,withrobotstakingallthejobs,unemploymentratewillbehigh.Speakingofbeingsocial,wewillcommunicateinanentirelydifferentway.Forgettextsandemails.Mindreadingtechnologywillallowustosendthoughtstoeachotherwithoutspeakingaword.Wewillalsobeabletosendthoughtstoobjectsaroundus.(Insteadofpressing“start”onthemicrowave,youcouldjustthink“start”．)Meanwhile,chipsimplanted(植入)inourbrainswillimprovememoryandintelligence.Today,around30，000Americansdieincaraccidentseachyear.Onehundredyearsfromnow,accidentswillbeathingofthepast.AccordingtoMarkSafford,consultantoftheU．S.DepartmentofTransportation,futurecarswilldrivethemselves.Theseelectriccarswillcommunicatewithothercarsontheroadtotravelsafelyincloseformationathighspeeds.Raisinganimalsisnotthebestwaytoproducefood,anditharmstheenvironment.Today,scientistscan“grow”meatinalabfromanimalcells,butit'sexpensiveandnotverydelicious.Inthefuture,theywillhaveperfectedtheprocess.You'llorderhamburgersthatcomefromfactories,notcows.Scientistsmayevenfindwaystomakelab­grownmeattastierandhealthierthantherealthing.[探究发现]1．Findoutthemainideaofthepassageandthenthinkofapropertitleforit.[答案]Thepassageismainlyaboutthefuturelife.Thetitleis“Moreconvenientandinterestingfuturelife.”2．Findoutwhatrobotscanhelpusdo.[答案]Domostofourjobs，suchasbuildhomes，teachmath，cleanfloorsandpumpgas.3.Findoutwhatourfuturelifewillbe.[答案]Robotswillbedoingmostofourjobs.Wewillcommunicateinanentirelydifferentway.Futurecarswilldrivethemselves.We'llorderhamburgersthatcomefromfactories，notcows.1．identifyvt.确定；找到；显示→identityn．本身；本体；身份2.distantadj.遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的→distancen．远方；距离3.automaticadj.无意识的；自动的→automaticallyadv.无意识地；自动地4.integratevi.&vt.(使)合并；成为一体→integratedadj.各部分密切协调的；综合的5.sensen．感官；感觉；知觉→sensorn.传感器；敏感元件6.preferv．偏爱→preferencen．爱好；偏爱7.constantadj.不断的；重复的；不变的n．常数；常量→constantlyadv.不断地8.normaladj.正常的；常态的；普通的→abnormaladj.不正常的；反常的9.warnv．警告；告诫；提醒→warningn.警告；警示；先兆10.wiren．电线；金属丝(或线)vt.接通电源；将……连接到→wiringn.电线线路；线路系统11.innovatevi.改革；创新→innovationn．创新；创造；改革；革新1．switchvt.转换；交换vt.&vi.(使)改变；转变n．开关；转换器；改变①Whereisthelightswitchintheroom？ n.开关②Hisfriendsweresurprisedathisswitchfromnewspaperownertofarmer. n.改变③Aftertenminutes，listenersandspeakersswitchroles. vt.转换；交换2．secureadj.安全的；安心的；可靠的；牢固的vt获得；拴牢；保护①Foreigntouristsfeelhappilysecurewhilevisitingthecity. adj.安全的；安心的②Securetheprisonersothathewon'tescapeagain. vt.拴牢③Bystrengtheningtheriverbanks,thecitysecureditselfagainstflood. vt.保护3．routinen．常规；正常顺序；惯例；通常的做法adj.常规的；日常的①Everynewcomermuststartfromroutinework. adj.常规的；日常的②Isettleddownintoaroutineofworkandsleep. n.常规③Thesecuritymenchangedtheirusualroutineandcollectedthemoneyatadifferenttime. n.惯例；通常的做法4．instantn．瞬间；片刻adj.立即的；速食的；速溶的①I'dlikeacupofinstantcoffee. adj.速溶的②Forabriefinstant,Ithoughtshewasgoingtofall. n.瞬间；片刻③Ihopetoreceiveaninstantreply. adj.立即的5．potentialadj.可能的；潜在的n．潜力；可能性①It'simportanttodrawoutachild'spotentialabilities. adj.潜在的②Thisnewinventionhasanenormoussalespotential. n.潜力③Werealizethatanycodechangelikethishasthepotentialtocausesomeissues. n.可能性WordsAndPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(知识要点1)persuadevt.说服；劝说；使相信(教材P14)Forexample,thephraseinmyopiniontellsusthatthepassageislikelymeanttopersuade.例如，“在我看来”这个短语告诉我们，这篇文章可能是为了说服。[例1]Itiseasytopersuadeoneself.说服自己往往很容易。[例2]WepersuadedHarrythathewaswrong.我们使亨利相信是他错了。[翻译]我将说服他把药吃下去。Ishallpersuadehimtotakethemedicine．[知识拓展]persuadesb.todosth.＝persuadeodoingsth. 说服某人做某事persuadesb.nottodosth.＝persuadesb.outof(doing)sth. 说服某人不做某事persuadesb.ofsth./persuadesb.that... 使某人相信……[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Hetriedtopersuadehissontostudy(study)hard,butfailed.②WefinallypersuadedBenofthewisdomofthisdecision.③Imanagedtopersuademyclassmatesintoaccepting(accept)myidea.④我们说服了他不把钱借给那个人。Wepersuadedhimnottolend/outoflendinghismoneytothatman.[名师点津]persuade表示“说服”，强调说服的结果；advise表示“劝说，建议”，对方不一定接受，强调动作。“劝说但不一定有效果”应表述为：advisesb.todosth.或trytopersuadesb.todosth.ThecomradeadvisedDr.Bethunetomoveimmediatelytoasafeplace,buthewasnotpersuaded.那位同志劝白求恩大夫立即转移到安全的地方，但是没能说服他。[小片段填空]Atfirstshetriedtopersuadeotherstodothefilm,butfinallyshewaspersuadedbyherfriendstodoitherself.一开始她试图说服别人来拍这个电影，但最后她被她的朋友说服，自己来拍这个电影。eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点2)switchvt.转换；交换vt.&vi.(使)改变；转变n．开关；转换器；改变(教材P14)Or,haveyoueverforgottentoswitchofftheTVorcomputer?或者，你曾经忘记关掉电视或电脑吗？[例1]Whereisthelightswitch?电灯开关在哪儿？[例2]Wehadtomakeaswitchinourarrangements.我们不得不对我们的安排做些变动。[翻译]遥控器让你在不同电视频道之间轻松地转换。TheremotecontrolallowsyoutoswitcheasilybetweenTVchannels.[知识拓展](1)makeaswitch 改变(2)switchoff 关(电灯、机器等)；切断(电流、气 体等)switchon 开(电灯、机器等)；打开(开关)；接 通(电流等)switch(from...)to... (从……)转变成，(从……)转换到switchsth.withsb. 和某人交换某物[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Sheswitchedonthelampbecauseitwasdark.②Hewassostubbornthatherefusedtomakeaswitch.③我们问他们是否愿意和我们对换座位。Weaskedthemiftheywouldswitchplaceswithus．④你出门前要把电视关掉。SwitchofftheTVbeforeyougoout.[小片段填空]Whenthewaterisstopped,ablowerswitchisautomaticallyswitchedon,anditblowsouthotairtodrytheclothes.水停后，吹风机开关自动打开，并吹出热风吹干衣服。eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点3)preferencen．爱好；偏爱(教材P14)Yourhomewillalsolearnyourdailyroutineandpreferences,soeverythingwillbereadyforyouwhenyougethomeeachevening.你未来的家也会了解你的日常习惯和偏好，所以当你每天晚上回家时，一切都会为你准备好。[例1]It'samatterofpersonalpreference.这是个人的偏爱问题。[例2]Shewaschoseninpreferencetohersister.她被选中了，而不是她妹妹。[翻译]通过数学与化学考试的学生优先考虑。Preferenceisgiventostudentswhohavepassedmathsandchemistry.[知识拓展](1)haveapreferencefor 偏爱givepreferenceto 给……以优惠、优待inpreferenceto 优先于……(2)prefervt. 更喜欢[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Inconsideringpeopleforthejob,wegivepreference(prefer)tothosewithsomeexperience.②Shehasapreferenceforblue,whileIlikeredbetter.③她愿意学小提琴而不是钢琴。Shechosetolearntheviolininpreferencetothepiano．[小片段填空]Althoughafewclientscontactmebytelephone,mostprefertodealwithmethroughe­mail,whichIhaveapreferencefor．虽然有几个客户会用电话联系我，但大多数客户还是选择通过e­mail和我交流，e­mail是我偏爱的交流途径。eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点4)instantn．瞬间；片刻adj.立即的；速食的；速溶的(教材P14)YourlightswillcomeontheinstantyouenterthedooralongwithyourfavouritemusicorTVprogrammes,andyouwillfindyourdinneralreadypreparedforyou.你一进家门，灯就会亮起，还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目(会自动播放)，而且你会发现晚餐已为你准备好了。[例1]Itookaninstantdisliketohim.我一见到他就不喜欢他。[例2]I'dlikeacupofinstantcoffee.我要杯速溶咖啡。[翻译]我一听到此消息,便通知你了。Isentyouthenewstheinstant(that)Iheardit．[知识拓展](1)inaninstant(＝immediately)立刻theinstant(that)＝assoonas一……就……(at)anyinstant 随时；在任何情况下foraninstant 片刻；一瞬间(2)instantlyadv. 立刻，马上[即学即练]——单句语法填空/句型转换①JustforaninstantIthoughthewasgoingtorefuse.②Theinstantyouturniton,you'llgetboilingwaterfromourinstantboilingwatertap.③Immediately,acarpulledoverandayoungwomanjumpedout.＝Inaninstant,acarpulledoverandayoungwomanjumpedout.④Hetoldmethenewsassoonashemetme.＝Hetoldmethenewstheinstant(that)hemetme．[名师点津]瞬间名词moment,instant,minute,second与定冠词the连用可引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”。Themachinewillstartthemomentyoupressthisbutton.你一按按钮机器马上启动。[小片段填空]Infact,Ithinkanimalattractioncanbeinstant—youcanseeanelephantinstantlygoforanotherone.事实上，我相信动物间的吸引力是可以即刻产生的——我们能看到，大象有时会突然被另一头大象吸引。eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点5)commandn.指令；命令；控制vt.命令；控制(教材P14)Allcontrolswillrespondtovoicecommands,soifyouwanttochangeyourroutine,youjustsayaloudwhatyouwantandthehomesystemwillobey.所有的控制都会响应语音指令，所以如果你想改变你的日常工作，你只要大声说出你想要什么，家庭系统就会服从。[例1]Hecommandedustostop.他命令我们停下来。[例2]Thegeneralissuedacommandthatallofthemshouldcomeatsixo'clock.将军颁布了一道命令,所有的人都要在六点钟到。[翻译]我劝他控制自己的脾气。Iadvisedhimtocommandhistemper．[知识拓展](1)underthecommandof＝underone'scommand 由……指挥，由……控制beincommandof 控制……takecommandof 控制……haveacommandof... 了解/掌握……(2)commandsb.todosth. 命令某人做某事command＋that 从句，谓语动词使用“(should＋)动 词原形”形式[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Thecaptaincommandedhismentopack(pack)upandmarchon.②Hecommandedthatallthegates(should)beshut(shut)．③目前，警察控制了这里的形势。Atpresent,thepoliceareincommandofthesituationhere.④实际上，1000人在他的指挥之下。Actually,hehas1，000menunderhiscommand．[图形助记]表示请求、命令、建议、要求等词后面跟从句时，从句谓语用(should＋)do/bedone，以下动词具有相同的用法。eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点6)earlyon在初期；早先(教材P15)Theycanwarnyouearlyonifthereissomethingabnormalorifyouhaveacriticalillness,suchascancer,andpotentiallysaveyourlife.如果有什么不正常的情况，或者你有严重的疾病，比如癌症，它们可以提前警告你，并可能挽救你的生命。[例1]Thisisanotheronetodoearlyon.这也是另一个尽早要做的。[例2]Onesecrethelearnedveryearlyonwasnottoflaunthissuccess.他很早就学到的一个秘诀就是不要夸耀自己的成功。[翻译]刚开始时，在校园里找一个你觉得能帮助自己成长的人，并和他或她建立起良好的关系。Earlyon,findsomeoneoncampuswhoyoufeelcanhelpyougrowanddeveloparelationshipwithhimorher.[知识拓展]earlieron 在初期；早先attheearliest 作为最早日期，最早earlyinlife 早年的时候earlyorlate 迟早,早晚[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Shedevelopedamusicalinterestearly/earlieron．②Weshallfindthetruthearlyorlate.③我们最早在星期五给你答复。WewillgiveyouareplyonFridayattheearliest．④他早年的时候就发现了这些乐趣。Hediscoveredthesepleasuresearlyinlife．eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点7)relevantadj.有关的；有意义的(教材P15)…yoursmarthomewilldetectitandprovideyouwiththerelevantinformation.……你的智能房屋将会探测出来，并给你提供相关的信息。[例1]Museumsshouldhaveamoreinvolvedorrelevantpublicrole.博物馆应起到进一步介入公众生活或更加举足轻重的社会作用。[例2]Thesematerialsarerelevanttothecase.这些材料与这起案件有关。[翻译]除非你有什么切题的话要说，否则请勿打断人家。Don'tinterruptunlessyouhavesomethingrelevanttosay．[知识拓展]berelevantto 与……有关[即学即练]——完成句子①这一点至关重要,我们还是接着谈吧。Thispointisreallyrelevantandwehadbettermoveon.②她的长相跟她能否当个好老师无关。Herappearanceisnotrelevanttowhethershecanbeagoodteacher.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点8)inthissense(in...sense)从这种(某种)意义上来讲(教材P15)Inthissense,thehomeoftomorrowisalreadythehomeoftoday.从这个意义上说，明天的家已经是今天的家了。[例1]Inthissense,personalityistheverysoulofart.从这种意义上来说，人格就是艺术的灵魂。[例2]Inthissense,rulebylawrulebymoral.在这个意义上，法治即德治。[翻译]从这个意义上讲它也有利于我们的健康。Inthissenseitisalsobeneficialtoourhealth.[知识拓展]inthatsense 从这种(某种)意义上来讲inasense 在某种意义上innosense 决不；决非(位于句首时，句子用部 分倒装)there'snosenseindoingsth. 做……是没有道理/作用的[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Inasense,hissuggestionisverypractical.②Thereisnosenseindiscussing(discuss)itoverandoveragain.③在这种意义上来讲，当然它是个问题。Inthissense,ofcourse,itisaproblem.④这种事情决不能发生在我们学校。Innosenseshouldsuchathingbeallowedtohappeninourschool.SentencePatternseq\a\vs4\al(重点句式1)what引导名词性从句(教材P14)…soifyouwanttochangeyourroutine,youjustsayaloudwhatyouwantandthehomesystemwillobey.……所以如果你想改变你的日常工作，你只要大声说出你想要什么，家庭系统就会服从。句式分析：句中whatyouwant为what引导的名词性从句，作动词say的宾语。[例1]Hesaveswhatheearns.他赚多少，积蓄多少。[例2]WhoisitthathasmadeFredwhatheisnow?是谁把弗雷德培养成现在这个样子的？[翻译]他们搞到了他们所需要的东西——食物和衣服。Theyhavegotwhattheyneed—foodandclothes.[知识拓展](1)what引导的名词性从句除了可以作宾语外，还可以在句中作主语、表语或同位语等。(2)what在所引导的名词性从句中充当一定的成分。(3)what引导的名词性从句用陈述语序。[即学即练]——完成句子①经过许多天的航行之后，他们到达了如今被称之为美洲的地方。Aftermanydays'voyage,theyarrivedinwhatiscalledAmericanow.②最后我们来到了叫“西藏”的地方。Atlastwecametoaplacethatiscalled“Tibet”．＝Atlastwecametowhatiscalled“Tibet”．③所有的人都认为拯救古庙是正确的。Allthepeoplebelievedthatitwasrighttorescuethetemple．[名师点津]名词性从句中的what与thatwhat引导名词性从句常在从句中表示某种意义且作成分，而that引导名词性从句时，that在从句中一般无意义，且在从句中不作任何句子成分。eq\a\vs4\al(重点句式2)“特殊疑问词＋不定式”结构(教材P15)Itwillalsogiveyousuggestionsonahealthierdietandhowtosleepbetter.它还会为你提供更健康的饮食和如何睡得更好的建议。句式分析：句中howtosleepbetter为“特殊疑问词＋不定式”结构，作介词on的宾语。[例1]Idon'tknowwhentohandinmyhomework.我不知道什么时候交我的家庭作业。[例2]Canyoutellmehowtosolvethismathsproblem?你能告诉我如何解这道数学题吗？我们决定不了晚饭吃什么。[翻译]Wecan'tdecidewhattoeatfordinner.[知识拓展](1)常见的特殊疑问词：疑问代词who，what，which等和疑问副词how，when，where等。(2)语法功能：该结构相当于名词性从句，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等(作主语时，谓语动词常用单数)。(3)通常用在tell，show，understand，explain，teach，learn，discuss等动词后面的特殊疑问代词与构成不定式的动词之间为动宾关系时，不定式通常用主动形式。[即学即练]——句型转换①Theteachertaughtthestudentshowtheyshoulddotheexperiment.＝Theteachertaughtthestudentshowtodotheexperiment．(作宾语)②Theproblemiswhereweshouldputthiscomputer.＝Theproblemiswheretoputthiscomputer．(作表语)③IhavenoideawhatIcansayaboutthis.＝Ihavenoideawhattosayaboutthis.(同位语)eq\a\vs4\al(重点句式3)before引导时间状语从句(教材P15)Nevertheless,itwilltakesomeyearsbeforemostnewhomesbegintousethisnewtechnology.然而，要让大多数新家庭开始使用这项新技术还需要几年的时间。句式分析：句中before引导的是一个时间状语从句。[例1]Itwillbefourdaysbeforetheycomeback.他们要过四天才能回来。[例2]Einsteinalmostknockedmedownbeforehesawme.爱因斯坦几乎把我撞倒才看到我。[翻译]我父亲恰好在信到之前去加拿大了。MyfatherhadleftforCanadajustbeforetheletterarrived．[知识拓展](1)“Itwas＋时间段＋before...”表示“过了多久才……”。从句常用一般过去时。(2)“Itwasnotlongbefore...”意为“不久就……”。从句常用一般过去时。(3)“Itwillnotbelongbefore...”表示“不久就会……”。从句常用一般现在时。(4)“Itwillbe＋时间段＋before...”表示“要过多久才……”。从句常用一般现在时。[即学即练]——完成句子①如果你错过了这次机会，可能需要很多年你才能再获得一次。Ifyoumissthischance,itwillbeyearsbeforeyougetanotherone.②不久我们就会习惯新的学校生活。Itwon'tbelongbeforewegetusedtothenewschoollife.③过了三天他才回来。Itwasthreedaysbeforehecameback．④很长一段时间后她才从手术中康复。Itwasalongtimebeforesherecoveredfromtheoperation.1．However,inthenot­too­distantfuture,wewillbelivinginsmarthomesthatwilllockthedoorforuswhenweareawayandremembertoswitchofftheTVwhenweforget.【分析】句中thatwilllockthedoorforus...为that引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词smarthomes；其中有两个when引导的时间状语从句。【译文】然而，在不远的将来，我们将生活在智能家居中，当我们外出时，智能家居会为我们锁门，当我们忘记时，智能之家会提醒我们关掉电视。2.YourlightswillcomeontheinstantyouenterthedooralongwithyourfavouritemusicorTVprogrammes,andyouwillfindyourdinneralreadypreparedforyou.【分析】句中theinstantyouenterthedoor...为theinstant引导的时间状语从句，相当于assoonas；and连接表示顺承关系的并列句，其中findyourdinneralreadypreparedforyou为“find＋宾语＋过去分词作宾补”结构。【译文】你一进家门，灯就会亮起，还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目(会自动播放)，而且你会发现晚餐已为你准备好了。教材高考1.Forexample,thephraseinmyopiniontellsusthatthepassageislikelymeanttopersuade.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Shemayjustneedalittlepersuading.2.However,inthenot­too­distantfuture,wewillbelivinginsmarthomesthatwilllockthedoorforuswhenweareaway...(2019·天津卷)Tomanypeople,technologymeanscomputers,hand­helddevices,orvehiclesthattraveltodistantplanets.3.Smarttoiletswillbekeepingconstanttrackofyourhealthaswell.(2019·江苏卷)Thushumanswholivedamillionyearsago,despitetheirbigbrainsandsharpstonetools,livedinconstantfearofmeat­eatinganimals.4.Manyofthesenewinnovationsarealreadyavailableandbeingusedinsomehomes.(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Thetrend,then,wastowardthe“pennypaper”—atermreferringtopapersmadewidelyavailabletothepublic.5.Theycanwarnyouearlyonifthereissomethingabnormalorifyouhaveacriticalillness...(2019·北京卷)Althoughshefoundedhercompanyearlyoninlife,shewasn'tdrivenprimarilybyprofit.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Iwaspersuaded(persuade)oftheusefulnessofhisnewdeviceatthattime.2.Frickhadapreferenceforpre­twentiethcenturyWesternpaintings.3.Theinstanttheyheardthealarm,theyfellinforaction.4.Afterworkingwellforayeartheairconditioner(condition)suddenlystartedkickingup.5.ItwillnotbelongbeforethestudentstaketheCollegeEntranceExamination.6.Aftermanydays'voyage,theyarrivedinwhatiscalledAfricanow.7.Whentohold(hold)themeetinghasn'tbeendecided.8.ItelegraphedhertheinstantIarrivedthere.9.Anolderversionhasbeendetected(detect),wouldyouliketoupgradenow?10.Adogthatbarksconstantly(constant)canbeasourceofannoyancetotheneighbours.Ⅱ.选词填空dailyroutine,earlyon,switchon,switchoff,catchfire,justabout,remotecontrol,inthissense1．Firstyoushouldswitchonthemachinebeforeusingit.2.Whentheclockstrucktwelve,IswitchedoffTVandwenttobed.3.Mydailyroutinestartswithacupofcoffee.4.Earlyon,Ihadameetingwithhimtoexplainourposition.5.Thepapersinthewastepaperbasketcatchfire．6.Inthissense,personalityistheverysoulofart.7.Theplacecouldtakejustabout2，000people.8.Hereachedfortheremotecontrolandpressedthe“play”button.Ⅲ.课文语法填空Inthefuture,we1.willlive(live)insmarthomesthatwillkeepussecure,saveusenergy,andprovideamorecomfortableenvironment.Smarthomeswillcontroljust2.abouteverythinginourhome.Theywilluseintegrated3.sensors(sensor)togointoanenergy­efficientmodeallbyitselfwhenwelea