Day 15【词汇拓展+练习】-35天全面突破高考英语3500考纲核心高频词

高考英语核心词汇拓展Day15281.finish

/'fɪnɪʃ/v.结束；做完【拓展】thefinishingline终点线finishdoingsth.完成做某事finishoff结束，完成；毁灭；吃完finisheda.完结的，完成的；精巧的befinishedwith完成，做完【例句】Whendoyoufinishyourhomework?你什么时候做完家庭作业?【串记】Whentheathletesfinishedrunningtothefinishingline,theywerefinishedwithallthetraining.当运动员们冲向终点线时，他们就完成了所有的训练。fire/'faɪə/

n.火；火炉；火灾；vi.开火，开(枪,炮等)，射击；解雇(同dismiss)【拓展】catchfire着火fightafire救火lay(或make)afire生火light(putout)afire点(熄)火onfire燃烧playwithfire玩火setsth．onfire(或setfireto……)纵火烧takefire着火fireman/firefightern.消防队员fireworkn.烟火；(复数)激情(怒火、暴躁、紧张、热情等)表现【例句】Thefirefighterrescuedtheoldmanfromthefire.消防队员从大火中救出了这位老人。【串记】Theflour-millcaughtfireyesterdaybecausesomechildrenplayedwithfirenearby.Luckily,thefirefightersputoutthefireintime.这家面粉厂昨天着火是因为几个孩子在附近玩火。幸好消防队员及时扑灭了火。283.fit/fɪt/

a.健康的，强健的；适合的；v.（使）适/符合；安装【拓展】keep/stayfit保持健康befitfor适合；胜任befit(forsb.)todo适合(某人)做……fitin(with)(与……)相适应；(与……)相协调fitnessn.健康；适当；适合性【例句】①Whenitcomestotheeffect,itwillhelpyoutoenhancethesenseofkeepingfitbutitmaycauseyoutobeoverlyanxious.当谈到效果，它能够帮你增强健康意识，但是或许它会使你过度焦虑。②Thatbottleofmilkisnotfittodrinkbecauseitisoutofdate.因为过期，那瓶牛奶不适合饮用了。=3\*GB3③Larrydoesn'tseemtofitinwithotherchildren.拉里好像和别的孩子相处得不融洽。【串记】Ifallofyoukeepfit,youcanbefitforthejob.如果你们大家身体健康，你们就能胜任这工作。【辨析】fit/suit/matchfit“适合”，指大小、尺寸、形状等合适，引申为“吻合，协调”suit“适合”，多指衣服颜色、样式适合某人，还可指合乎需要、口味、地位、条件等。另外，用于比喻意义时多用suitmatch“和……匹配，适合”，多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配284.fix/fɪks/

vt.安装，固定；修理；确/决定【拓展】fixone’seyeson/upon注视；凝视fixone’sattentionon/upon集中注意力于keepone’seyesfixedon注视着fixon选定；确定fixeda.确/固定的；固执的fixturen.设备；固定装置【例句】=1\*GB3①Thestudentsweresittingintheclassroomandtheireyeswerefixedontheteachers.学生们坐在教室里，眼睛盯着老师。=2\*GB3②We’dbetterfixonadateforthemeeting.我们最好确定一个开会的日子。【联想】表示“专注于，专心于”的其他短语：concentrateon，focuson，putone’sheartinto，beburiedin，abandononeselfto，belostin，beabsorbedin，bedevotedto等。【串记】Whenthefixtureisready,theinventorfixeshisattentiononthemachinethathewillfixup.当固定装置准备好之后，这位发明家把注意力集中在他将要修理的机器上。285.focus/'fəʊkəs/n.焦点；v.集中【拓展】(1)thefocusofattention/concern/argument注意力/关注/争论的焦点bring/throw...intofocus使……成为关注的焦点(2)focusone'sattention/eyes/energy/mindon集中某人的注意力/目光/精力/思想于focuson/upon集中于focuseda.聚焦的；专心的【例句】①Ifyouaregoingtofollowsomeone,focuson/uponhis/hertalent,nothis/herbadcharacterorunacceptablebehavior.如果你想模仿某人，要关注他或她的才华，而不是他或她不好的性格或让人无法接受的行为习惯。②Withsomanypeoplefocusingtheireyesonhim,hefeltverynervous.有那么多人在盯着自己，他感到很紧张。③Healthandenvironmentalproblemshavebecomeincreasinglythefocusofattention.健康和环境问题日益成为关注的焦点。【串记】Thepoliticiansshouldfocustheirattentiononthefocuses.政治家们应当集中精力在焦点问题上。286.follow/'fɒləʊ/

vt.跟随；沿着；仿效；听从；跟得上，听清，领会(同catch)【拓展】asfollows如下followinone'ssteps效法某人，步某人之后尘followone’sexample以……为榜样，仿效某人followthrough贯彻到底，全部实现Itfollowsthat由此可见，因此……是必然的结果followern.追随者；信徒；属下followinga.其次的，接着的；下面的形近词：fellown.（非正式）男人，男孩，家伙；男朋友；同事，朋友【例句】FollowmeandI’llgiveyoutheinformationyouneed.跟我来，我就给你需要的信息。【串记】Pleasefollowyouridol’examplebecausehehasthefollowersasfollows.请以你的偶像为榜样，因为他有如下这些追随者。287.fool/fuːl/

n.傻子，笨蛋；v.愚弄，欺骗【拓展】makeafoolofsb.愚弄/欺骗某人makeafoolofoneself出丑，出洋相playforafool把…当成傻瓜foolsb.intodoingsth.愚弄/欺骗某人做某事foolwith摆弄,玩弄foolisha.愚蠢的；傻的foolishlyad.愚笨地；无聊地；可笑地【例句】①I'mverysurprisedthatheshouldbefooledbysuchatrick.我非常吃惊他竟然被这样的伎俩所愚弄。②Iwasfooledintobelievingtheirpromises.我受了骗，相信了他们的承诺。【串记】Fool,whenyouaremakingafoolofothers,youaremakingafoolofyourself.傻瓜，当你在愚弄别人时你也在出洋相。【辨析】foolish，silly和stupidfoolish指无头脑，又缺乏常识，用于人时指可笑的，不谨慎的，用于行动时，指愚蠢的，考虑不周的。silly指极端显著的愚笨和低能，语气较强，有时只指不严肃认真，没有头脑。stupid语气很强，常用于生气或责骂，用于人的性格时指智力很差，反应迟钝。288.forbid/fə'bɪd/

(forbade，forbidden)vt.禁止，不许【拓展】forbidsb.fromdoingsth.禁止某人做某事forbidsb.todosth.禁止某人做某事forbid(sb./sb’s)doingsth.禁止(某人)做某事(2)forbiddenadj. 被禁止的；禁用的【例句】①Weshouldtakemeasurestoforbidreturningillegalcookingoiltodinnertables.我们应采取措施禁止地沟油回流餐桌。②Theheavyrainforbadeustogoout.大雨阻止我们外出。【串记】Alltheteachersforbidtheirstudentstocopyothers’homework.所有的老师禁止学生抄作业。289.force/fɔːs/

vt.强迫，迫使；n.力(量)；武/暴力；部/军队；效力【拓展】forcesb.todosth./intodoingsth.强迫某人做某事forceone'sway挤过人群forceone'sopiniononsb把自己的观点强加于某人comeintoforce生效，开始实施（=takeeffect）byforce用武力，强制地【例句】Ifanyoneofyouwantstosucceed,forceyourselftodomore.如果你们中的任何人想要成功，就要强迫自己多做点。【串记】Sincethelawcameintoforce,nobodycouldtakethelandawaybyforceandforceustopaytaxes.自从这条法律生效以来，没人能用武力夺走我们的土地也不能强迫我们交税了。290.forget/fə'get/

(forgot，forgotten)v.忘记；忘掉【拓展】forgetabout记不得，没记住forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事forgettodosth.忘记去做某事forgetit不必在意；休想forgetoneselfin沉浸于，失去知觉，忘乎所以forgetfula.健忘的；不注意的；疏忽的unforgettablea.难忘的【例句】=1\*GB3①HehasforgottentovisittheGreatWall．他忘了去游览长城。(没有去长城)=2\*GB3②HewillneverforgetvisitingtheGreatWallinhislife．他将终生难忘游览长城这件事。(已去过长城了)【串记】Yoursecretaryissoforgetfulthatsheforgetstodothethingthatwillbeunforgettable.你的秘书太健忘了，以至于都忘了去做这件将难忘的事情了。291.forgive

/fə'gɪv/

(forgave，forgiven)vt.原谅，宽恕【拓展】forgivesb．fordoingsth.原谅（饶恕）某人做某事forgiveandforget不念旧恶,不记某人的仇【例句】①Ifheisreallyrepentant,weshouldforgivehim.如果他真心悔过，我们就应该原谅他。②I'llneverforgiveyouforwhatyousaidtomelastnight．我永远不会原谅你昨晚给我说的话。【串记】Ishallneverforgivemyselfforfailingtohelpyouwhenyouwereindanger.在你遭遇危险的时候,我未能及时帮助你,这是我永远不能饶恕自己的过失。292.form/fɔːm/

n.表格；形式；结构；v.形/构/组成【拓展】intheformof以…的形式taketheformof采取…的形式fillin(out)aform填写表格formthehabitof养成……的习惯formationn.形成；构造；编队formala.正式的；拘谨的；有条理的(反informal)formatn.格式；版式；开本formern．形成者，构成者，模型；a.从前的，前者的；前任的formlessa．无形的，零乱的【例句】①Everyapplicantmustfillinthreeforms．每个申请人必须填写3份表格。②Heformedthehabitoftakingnoteswhilereading．他养成了读书记笔记的习惯。【串记】Theformerformatisintheformofforms,whichisinformal.从前的格式是以表格形式出现了，这是不正式的。293.fortune/'fɔːtʃuːn;-tʃ(ə)n/

n.财富；命运；运气【拓展】bygoodfortune幸运地comeintoafortune继承财产makeafortune发财，赚大钱seekone’sfortune寻找发迹的机会；寻出路tellone'sfortune算某人的命tryone'sfortune碰碰运气fortunatea.幸运的；侥幸的(同lucky,反unfortunate)fortunatelyadv.幸运地(反unfortunately)【例句】Everyone

is

the

master

of

his

own

fortune.

每个人都是他自己命运的主人。【串记】Itwasfortunateofthemtomakeafortunebytradingwithforeigners.Andmorefortunatelyforthem,theyweresupportedbythegovernment.他们很幸运，通过与外国人交易而发了财。更幸运的是，他们得到了政府的支持。294.free/friː/

a.自由的；空闲的；免费的；ad.免费地；v.释放，免除【拓展】forfree免费freefrom使摆脱；免于；解放freeof无…的；摆脱…的；在…外面makefreewith随意使用set…free释放；使获得自由freelyad.自由地freedomn.自由，自主；直率【例句】①Hemadefreewithallhisgirl-friend'smoney.他随便花女朋友的钱。②Thedoctorwillbefreeintenminutes'time;canyouwaitthatlong?医生再过十分钟就有空了,你能等那么长时间吗?【串记】Thestudentsaresetfreeinsummerholidayandliveafreelifefreeofmuchhomework;mean-while,theycanseemoviesfreelywhiledrinkingjuiceforfree.学生们在暑假就解放了，他们过着没有太多家庭作业的自由生活；同时还可以边看电影边喝着免费果汁。295.freeze/friːz/

(froze,frozen)v.结冰；冻僵/住；冷冻/藏；停住不动【拓展】freezern.冰箱；冷冻库；制冷工freezinga.冰点以下的，结冰的；极冷的；n.冰点frozena.冻结的；冷酷的【例句】Weatesomeofthefruitsandfrozetherest.我们吃了一些水果，把剩下的冷藏起来。【串记】Manyfoodsarefrozenbelowfreezinginthefreezer.很多品种的食物在冰箱里冰点以下就被冻结。296.fresh/freʃ/

a.新的；新鲜的；清新的；(水)淡的；精力充沛的；无经验的【拓展】breakfreshground开辟新天地，着手新事业makeafreshstart卷土重来(重新出发)freshair(fruit，vegetable)新鲜空气(水果、蔬菜)freshwater淡水freshmann.新生/手；大学一年级新生freshenv．使新鲜；使精神饱满，使有生气【例句】Thefirefighters

wentout

for

some

fresh

air.

消防队员们出去呼吸了一些新鲜空气。【串记】Asfreshmen,weneedsomerefreshmenttorefreshourselvestoberefreshed.作为大一新生，我们需要点提神的东西来使我们振奋起来。297.frighten/'fraɪt(ə)n/

vt.使惊恐，吓唬【拓展】(1)frightensb.into/outofdoingsth.吓得某人做/不敢做某事frightensb.todeath 把某人吓得要死frighten…away/off 吓走/跑……(2)frighteningadj. 令人恐惧的；可怕的frightenedadj. 害怕的；受到惊吓的befrightenedat听(看)到……而吃惊befrightenedof 害怕……(3)frightn. 恐惧；害怕withfright 害怕地frightfula.可怕的；惊人的【例句】①Themanfrightenedtheoldladyintosigningthepaperlastweek.那人上周吓得老太太在文件上签了字。②Itisfrighteningeventothinkofthehorrorsofnuclearwar.想到核战争的恐怖，甚至令人恐惧。③Theyfrightenedthebirdaway/offbyrisingtotheirfeetsuddenly.他们突然站起来，把鸟吓跑了。=4\*GB3④Thefrightenedmansoundedasifhewasdyingoffright.这个受到惊吓的人听起来好像快要吓死了。【串记】Marywastoofrightenedtotellherfamilythefrighteningscenebecauseitalmostfrightenedhertodeath.Whenevershethoughtofit,shewouldtremblewithfright．玛丽吓得不敢告诉家人那可怕的一幕，因为它几乎把她吓死了。每当她想到它，她会颤抖与恐惧。298.front/frʌnt/

前面/部；正面；前线/线；前面/部的infrontof在…(外部的)前面inthefrontof在…(内部的)前面，在前部frontiern.前沿；边界；国境a.边界的；开拓的【例句】Afreshmanstandsinfrontofme.一个新生站在我面前。【串记】IsitinfrontofMary,andbothofussitinthefrontoftheclassroomwherewecanseethefrontieroftheblackboardclearly.我坐在Mary前面，我们两个都坐在教室前部，在那儿我们可以清楚地看到黑板的边界。299.fun/fʌn/

n.有趣的事，娱乐，玩笑【拓展】havefun玩得开心(＝haveagoodtime/enjoyoneself)havefunwithsb.和某人玩得开心havefundoingsth.做某事很开心makefunof 取笑；嘲弄；开……的玩笑forfun 为了好玩Whatfun! (听起来)多有趣啊！funnyadj.有趣的;滑稽的;奇异的【例句】=1\*GB3①ThearticlemadefunofvariouspeopleandthingsinBoston.这篇文章取笑波士顿的各种人和事情。②Thechildrenalwayshavefunplayingbuildingblocks.孩子们总是玩积木玩得很开心。【点津】fun表示“乐趣，玩笑”是不可数名词，前面不能用冠词a，但可用great,much,alotof等对其进行修饰。【串记】Don’tmakefunofothersforfun，nomatterhowfunnyyouthink.无论你认为多么有趣，不要闹着玩地取笑别人。furnish['fɜːnɪʃ]v．为(房屋或房间)配备家具；提供，供应【拓展】(1)furnish...with...用……装备……；给……提供/供应furnish...to/for... 为……提供……befurnishedwith... 备有……，安装有……(2)furnituren. 家具(不可数名词)apiece/anarticleoffurniture 一件家具asuitoffurniture 一套家具【例句】①Wecameintohishouseandfounditwasonlyfurnished_withatable,twochairsandabed.我们进入他的房间，发现里面只布置了一张桌子、两把椅子和一张床。②Theywerekindenoughtofurnishfoodandshelterfor/totherefugees.他们非常好心地为难民提供食宿。[联想发散]与furnish...with...同义的短语还有：equip...with...,fitup...with...等。【串记】Theroomwasfurnishedwithacupboardandsomeoldfurniture.房间里有一个碗柜和几件旧家具300.gain/geɪn/n.&v.收获；获利；增加(反lose/loss)【拓展】gainby从…中获得利益gainfrom在…收获,从…中获益gainin增加,增进,积累,获得,在…方面增进gainweight体重增加，长胖【例句】=1\*GB3①Youwillgainexperienceifnothingmoreinthatjob.如果这个工作没什么突出的,你至少可以获得经验。=2\*GB3②Nopain,nogain.一分耕耘，一分收获。=3\*GB3③Theclockonmycomputergainsaminuteeveryday.我电脑上的时间每天快一分钟。【点津】gain作“盈利”解时是不可数名词,表示抽象意义。gain表示具体的数量、力量等的“增加,增进”“利润”时是可数名词,常可用复数形式。【串记】Ifyoutakeintoomuchfat,youwillgainnothingbutweight.如果你摄入太多脂肪，除了体重增加外你啥好处都没有。【趁热打铁】一、语法填空。1.Thankyouforgivingmean(forget)memoryinyourhometown.2.(fortunate),everyoneescapedfromthebigfirewithoutgettingbadlyhurt.3.Oneoftheemployees(fire)bythecompanyforstealing.4.Mostofthestudentsenjoywearing(formal)dressathomeandschool.5.Anyofyoucan’tusethemoneyearnedbyyourparents(free).6.Pleasegoonahealthydiet,orelseyouwillgain(weigh)soonerorlater.7.Youallarefitafterthebody-examination,whichmeansyouarefreeanydisease.8.Students(forbid)towearslipperstogotoschoolatanytime.9.Pupilswillfeel(refresh)intheafternooniftheytakeagoodnapatnoon.10.Therulethatwestudentsarerequiredtowearschooluniformdailymust(follow).二、单句改错。1.Thechildrenarefrighteningtoseeabigfrightfulsnakelyingontheroad.2.Therestandsabigoldtreeinthefrontoftheclassroom,withsomeapplesonit.3.Howfunitistoplaywithfire!Butitisabittoodangerousandmustbeforbidden.4.Thedressistoolarge.Thereisnodoubtthatitdoesn’tsuitmeatall.5.Thethiefisforbiddentotakingaplanebecauseofhisdishonesty.6.Ourbiologyteacherfeelsfortunehavingsomanylovelystudentsthatshewantstoteachusmore.7.Hearingtheshotsofguns,therunawayswerefrightenedtodie.8.Itisgreatfuntoskatewithmykidsonthefreezinglakeinwinter.9.Thedistinguishedguestwassoexcitedatyesterday’smeetingthatheforgotdeliveraspeech.10.Thehandsomeboyfallsinlovewiththeprettygirlandhekeepshiseyesfixingonherforalongtime.三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。1.Thecompanysetusagoodexample,sotheleaderexpectedusto(以…为榜样).2.Anewlaw(生效)fromJuly1andeveryoneshouldobeyit.3.Ofthetwoquestions,(前者)iseasytoanswerwhilethelatterisdifficult.4.Noteverythingcanbesolved(用武力).Forceshouldbeavoidedasmuchaspossible.5.Aheavyrain(吓跑)thevisitorsatthetopofMountE’mei.四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。1.约翰的注意力一直集中在老师穿的新衣服上。（fixone’sattentionon）