四川省泸县2023-2024学年高二英语上学期10月月考试题含解析

2023年秋期高二第一学月考试

英语试题

本试卷共8页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。

注意事项：

1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上

第I卷（选择题95分）

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、

B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whycouldn'tthewomanhearthemanclearly?

A.Themanwaseating.B.Themanwasintheshower.C.Thewomanhasbadhearing.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】W:Sorry,couldyourepeatwhatyousaid?Ididn'thearyouveryclearly.Didyousay

youarecomingoverinanhour?

M:No,IsaidIjustgotoutoftheshower.Sorry,Iwasjustchewingonsomething.

2.［此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whatdidthewomanforget?

A.Hergloves.B.Herscarf.C.Hercoat.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:It'ssocoldtoday.IrememberedtowearmycoatbutIreallyshouldhaveputona

scarf.

M:Yes,it'sfreezing,butatleastyouhaveyourgloveswithyou.Idon'thaveapair.Ishould

getsome.

3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whatwillthespeakersdofirst?

A.Getsomepaint.B.Haveacupoftea.C.Paintthehouse.

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【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:Howabouthavingacupofteabeforewepaintthehouse?msotired.

M:Well,that,sjustwhatIwasthinking.

4.［此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看］

HowdidJohndointheexam?

A.Hefailedintheexam.B.Hegotthehighestmark.C.Hedidworsethanlasttime.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M:What'stheresultoftheexam?I'msureJohnhasgotthehighestmark,becausehe

hasbeenstudyinghardthisterm.

W:Asamatteroffacthedidn'tpasstheexamthistime.

M:Really?Ididn'texpectthat.

W:Ididn'teither.

5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whatdidthemandolastnight?

A.Hewatchedaplay.B.Hedidsomeshopping.C.Herelaxedathome.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】W:Didyougotothetheaterlastnight?

M:Yes,Idid.

W:Whatdidyouthinkoftheplay?

M:Itwasexcellent.

第二节（共15小题，每小题15分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间,

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Friends.B.Motherandson.C.Strangers.

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7.Whydidbakersputanextrapieceofbreadinabaginthepast?

A.Therewasmorespaceinthebag.

B.Theywantedtomakethecustomershappy.

C.Theywereafraidtobepunishedforgivingtoolittle.

【答案】6.A7.C

【解析】

【原文】W:Howmanyeggscomeinadozen?

M:Adozenis12.

W:Really?Ithoughtitwas13butthinkingaboutitnow,itwouldn,tmakesenseforthebox

tohaveanunevennumberofspaces.

M:Thereissomethingcalledabaker,sdozen.Alongtimeago,givingasmalleramountofbread

thanapersonpaidforwasillegal.Sothenbakersbegantoputoneextrapieceintheirbags

sotheywouldnotbefined.

W:Wow!Thatisinteresting!Howdoyouknowsomuchaboutoldbakers?

M:Mygrandfatherownedabakery.Hemadebreadallthetime!Itwassodelicious.

W:Thatdoessounddelicious.Doyouknowhowtobakebread?

M:No,IwishIhadlearnedproperly.Mygrandfathertriedtoshowmeonce,butIwastooyoung

tounderstand.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8.WhywasJanelateforschool?

A.Shemissedthesubway.B.Shelefthomealittlelate.C.Shegotuplate.

9.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?

A.HeisJane'sclassmate.B.HeisstrictwithJane.C.Hedoesn'tbelieveinJane.

【答案】8.B9.B

【解析】

【原文】M:Jane,youwerelateforschooltoday.What'sthematter?

W:Sorry,Mr.White.Imissedmybus.

M:Whydidyoumissyourbus?

W:BecauseIlefthomealittlelaterthanusual.

M:Didyougetuplateorsomething?

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W:No,Ireceivedacallfrommyauntbeforegoingtoschool.I'mreallysorryforbeinglate.

M:Ifyou'relateagain,Ican'tletyoupassthisclass.

W:Ipromiseitwon'thappenagain.

M:Allright.Gobacktoyourseat.Theclassisbeginning.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

10.Whatdoesthewomancomplainabout?

A.Thenoise.B.Theweather.C.Thetraffic.

11.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutherlivingconditions?

A.Theflatistooold.B.Theflatistoodirty.Theflatisovercrowded.

12.Whatisthewomangoingtodonextyear?

A.Movetoanewhouse.B.Changeherjob.C.Buyanewcar.

【答案】10.All.C12.A

【解析】

【原文】M:Goodmorning.I'mJohnBrown一I'mareporter.Wouldyoumindansweringafew

questions?

W:No,goahead.

M:MayIaskyourname,please?

W:MynameisAliceCassin.

M:Mrs.Cassin,howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily?

W:Thereare5peopleinmyfamily.

M:Andhowlonghaveyoulivedhere?

W:Since1990.

M:Doyouthinkthenoiseisaprobleminthisarea?

W:Yes,ofcourse.Theneighborsmakeallsortsofnoisedayandnight.It'sdrivingmemad.

M:Doyouthinkyourlivingconditionsaresatisfying?

W:No,definitelynot!Myflatisextremelysmallforfivepeople.It'sovercrowded.

M:Doyouplantoimproveyourlivingconditions?

W:Ofcourse.Actually,wewillbemovingtothenewhouseatthistimenextyear.

M:Congratulations.Thankyouforyourtime.

W:You'rewelcome.

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听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

13.HowdoesJohngotoworkonrainydays?

A.Bybus.B.Onfoot.C.Bycar.

14.WhatdoesJohnusuallydoonweekends?

A.Hebakessomething.B.Helearnscooking.C.Hebuyssweets.

15.WhendoesCaroleatout?

A.Whenshehasabusydayatwork.

B.Whenshedoesn,tknowwhattoeat.

C.Whenherhusbandistoobusytocook.

16.WhatdoesCarolthinkoftherestaurants?

A.Theyarepopular.B.Theyarediverse.C.Theyareexpensive.

【答案】13.B14.A15.C16.B

【解析】

【原文】W:Thisisalovelyhouse!John.Thanksforhavingmeover.

M:Thankyou,Carol.

W:It'sveryclosetowork,isn'tit?

M:Yes,itis.Ialwayswalktowork一evenwhenitrains!Thecrowdednessonthebusisadeal

breakerforme.

W:Iusuallydrivemycar.Ittakessolong!

M:Howlongdoesittake?

W:Oh,ittakesabout20minutes.

M:Thatisalongtime.Well,havesomecake.Iusuallybakesomethingattheweekend.Ilike

havingsweetsinthehouse.

W:Thisisdelicious!You'reawonderfulcook!

M:Thankyou,it'snothingreally.Doyoucookathome?

W:Inevercook.I'mjusthopeless.Myhusband,David,usuallydoesallthecooking.

M:Doyouoftengoouttoeat?

W:Yes,whenhedoesn'thavetimetocook,wegoouttoeatsomewhere.

M:Therearesomewonderfulrestaurantsinthecitythatarenotthatexpensive.

W:Yes.Somany!Youcaneatatadifferentrestauranteveryday.Monday一Chinese,Tuesday一

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Italian,Wednesday一Mexican,onandon...

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17WheredoesThomasManningwork?

A.IntheGuinnessCompany.

B.Ataradiostation.

C.Inamuseum.

18.Wheredidtheideaofabookofrecordscomefrom?

A.Abird-shootingtrip.

B.AvisittoEurope.

C.Atelevisiontalkshow.

19WhendidSirHugh'sfirstbookofrecordsappear?

A.In1875.B.In1950.C.In1955.

20.Whatarethetwospeakersgoingtotalkaboutnext?

A.Morerecordsofunusualfacts.

B.Thefounderofthecompany.

C.Theoldestpersonintheworld.

【答案】17.A18.A19.C20.A

【解析】

【原文】

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

COVID-19vaccinations（接种）areunderway.AnthonyFauci,directoroftheNationalInstitute

ofAllergyandInfectiousDisease,hassaidthatabout75%to90%ofAmericanswillneedtobe

vaccinatedtoreachherdimmunity（群体免疫）intheUnitedStates.Publichealthexperts

recommendedastagedapproachtovaccination.Demandforthevaccineexceededcapacityinthe

beginning.Vaccinemanufacturersincreasedproductiontomeetthedemand;however,publicinterest

ingettingvaccinatedhasbeenwaning.TheU.S.adoptedthefollowingstagedapproach,butby

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May1,2021,mostofthecountryhadalreadyreachedstage2.

Stagelaincludeshealthcarepersonnelandresidentsofnursinghomesandassistedliving

facilities.StagelavaccinationsbeganinDecember2020.Stagelbincludesfrontlineessential

workers:policeofficers;foodandagricultural,postal,daycare,grocerystore,publictransit,

andmanufacturingworkers;teachers;andpeopleaged75andolder.Somestatesareallowingpeople

aged65andoldertosignupforthevaccine.SmestatesbeganStagelbvaccinationsduringthe

secondfullweekofJanuary2021.

Stage1cincludespeopleaged65.to74andpeopleaged16to64whohavepotentialhealth

conditionsthatincreasetheriskofCOVIDcomplications.Essentialworkersofanyageinthe

transportation,logistics,foodservice,construction,communications,informationtechnology,

energy,law,media,publicsafety,andpublichealthsectorsarealsoinStage1c.Manystates

wereabletovaccinateStage1cinMarchandApril.

Stage2includesallotherpeopleaged16andolder.ACOVID-19vaccineisnowauthorized

forteensaged12andolder.

Formoreinformationaboutvaccineinjection,youmaycontact415-578-7342.

21.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“waning“inparagraph1mean?

A.Increasing.B.Decreasing.C.Changing.D.Improving.

22.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.ManystatesoftheU.S.areabletoreachstage1cbeforeJanuary,2021.

B.TheU.S.planstovaccinateallpeopleaged12andolderattheendofthetwostages.

C.Toreachherdimmunity,morethan90%ofAmericanswillneedtobevaccinated.

D.Instagelbamanaged66cangetvaccinatedinsomestatesofAmerica.

23.Whereisthetextprobablytaken?

A.Anannouncement.B.Abiologytextbook.

C.Anewsreport.D.Amedicaljournal.

【答案】21.B22.D23.A

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲的是美国分阶段接种新冠疫苗的相关信息。

[21题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第一段的“Vaccinemanufacturersincreasedproductiontomeetthedemand（疫苗

制造商增加生产以满足需求）”及后面的however表转折可知，疫苗制造商增加生产以满足需求；然而，公

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众对接种疫苗的兴趣正在减弱。由此推知，划线词waning的意思是“减少”，即Decreasing。故选B。

[22题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段的“Stagelbincludesfrontlineessentialworkers:policeofficers;food

andagricultural,postal,daycare,grocerystore,publictransit,andmanufacturingworkers;

teachers;andpeopleaged75andolder.Somestatesareallowingpeopleaged65andoldertosign

upforthevaccine.（第lb阶段包括前线的重要工作人员：警务人员；食品和农业、邮政、日托、杂货店、

公共交通和制造业工人；教师；以及75岁以上的人。一些州允许65岁及以上的人注册接种疫苗）”可知，

在1b阶段，在美国的一些州，66岁的男子可以接种疫苗。故选D。

[23题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段的"Formoreinformationaboutvaccineinjection,youmaycontact

415-578-7342.（有关疫苗注射的更多信息，请联系415-578-7342）”可知，主要讲的是美国分阶段接种新冠

疫苗的相关信息。由此推知，本文来自于一份公告。故选A。

B

Whoisagenius?Thisquestionhasgreatlyinterestedhumankindforcenturies.

Let'sstateclearly:Einsteinwasagenius.Hisfaceisalmosttheinternationalsymbolfor

genius.Butwewanttogobeyondonemanandexplorethenatureofgeniusitself.Whyisitthat

somepeoplearesomuchmoreintelligentorcreativethantherestofus?Andwhoarethey?

Inthesciencesandarts,thosepraisedasgeniusesweremostoftenwhitemen,ofEuropean

origin.Perhapsthisisnotasurprise.It'ssaidthathistoryiswrittenbythevictors,and

thosevictorssetthestandardsforadmissiontothegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremade

bygeniusesoutsidetheclub一women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief一theywere

unacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.

AstudyrecentlypublishedbySciencefoundthatasyoungasagesix,girlsarelesslikely

thanboystosaythatmembersoftheirgender（性另lj）are“really,reallysmart."Evenworse,the

studyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief:Aroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaid

tobeforchildrenwhoare“really,reallysmart."Canourplanetaffordtohaveanygreatthinkers

becomediscouragedandgiveup?Itdoesn,ttakeageniustoknowtheanswer:absolutelynot.

Here'sthegoodnews.Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication,we'reall

positionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear.Andthemorewelook,themorewewill

seethatsocialfactors（因素）likegender,race,andclassdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgenius.

Asawritersays,futuregeniusescomefromthosewith^intelligence,creativity,perseverance（毅

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力），andsimplegoodfortune,whoareabletochangetheworld.

24.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofvictors'standardsforjoiningthegeniusclub?

A.They'reunfair.B.They,reconservative.

C.They'reobjective.D.They'restrict.

25.Whatcanweinferaboutgirlsfromthestudy-inScience

A.Theythinkthemselvessmart.

B.Theylookuptogreatthinkers.

C.Theyseegenderdifferencesearlierthanboys.

D.Theyarelikelytobeinfluencedbysocialbeliefs

26.Whyaremoregeniusesknowntothepublic?

A.Improvedglobalcommunication.

B.Lessdiscriminationagainstwomen.

C.Acceptanceofvictors'concepts.

D.Changesinpeople'ssocialpositions.

27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.GeniusesThinkAlikeB.GeniusTakesManyForms

C.GeniusandIntelligenceD.GeniusandLuck

【答案】24.A25.D26.A27.B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章由问题“谁是天才？”引入，论述了世人对天才的狭隘定义，提出事实上

“天才”有很多种形式，不要让思维限制了我们的“天才”能力。

【24题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段的"Itissaidthathistoryiswrittenbyvictors,andthosevictorsset

thestandardsforadmissiontothegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutside

theclub-women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief-theywereunacknowledgedandrejected

byothers.（据说历史是由胜利者书写的，而那些胜利者为进入天才俱乐部设定了标准。当俱乐部以外的天

才一一女性或不同肤色或信仰的人一一做出贡献时，他们不会被承认并且被其他人拒绝。）”可知，作者认

为那些“胜利者”对进“天才俱乐部”设置的标准是不公平的，因为女性或者不同肤色或信仰的人做出的

成就是得不到承认的。故选A。

【25题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段的“Evenworse,thestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief.Aroundage

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sixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoare“really,reallysmart.（更

糟糕的是，研究发现女孩们是按照这个信念行事的。六岁左右，她们开始避免那些据说是“非常非常聪明”

的孩子参加的活动可推知，女孩容易受到社会信仰的影响，认为自己不适合做“聪明孩子”做的事情。

故选Do

[26题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication,we'reall

positionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear.（在一个拥有持续的全球交流的联网的世

界里，我们随时随地都能看到天才的出现。）”可知，进步的全球通讯让更多的天才被公众所知道。故选A。

[27题详解】

主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，结合文章第一段提出问题“Whoisagenius?（谁是天才）”和最后一

段的“Andthemorewelook,themorewewillseethatsocialfactors（因素）likegender,race,and

classdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgenius.Asawritersays,futuregeniusescomefromthose

withintelligence,creativity,perseverance,andsimplegeniuses,whoareabletochangethe

world.（我们看得越多，就越会发现，像性别、种族和阶级这样的社会因素并不能决定天才的外表。正如一

位作家所说，未来的天才来自那些具有“智慧、创造力、毅力和那些能够改变世界的简单天才。”'可知，

天才不一定是那些有巨大贡献的人，他们也可以是某一方面比较突出的普通人。由此可知B项“天才有多

种形式”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选B。

C

Reflecting（0ft）onthepastaboutthosedecisionsoractionsthatcan，tbereversed（tBfS）and

beingoccupiedwiththoughtsof“Whatif?”isnowaytolive.Butthereareafewthingsin

lifeI'dprobablydodifferentlyifIhadthechance.

Ioncemajoredinarchitecture一somethingIhadbeencrazyaboutforaslongasIcouldremember

一andthenIsuddenlyhadachangeofheart.Imadeanappointmentwithmyadviser,andtold

himIwasnolongercertainIwantedtopursueacareerinarchitecture.

“Don'tgiveuponyourchildhooddream!"He'sright,“Ithought."Ishouldjuststick

itoutandIshouldn'tdisappointthelittlegirlwhooncelovedarchitecture.”

Itwasawful.Iwasagonized,holdingontoachildhooddreamthathadlongsincefaded.When

Italkedwithafriendaboutitayearlater,heasked:"Rightnow,whatdoyouwanttodowith

yourlife?"That'swhenIcametotherealizationthatdreamschangeovertimeandthatyou

shouldgiveupthechildhooddreamifit'snotwhatyouwantasanadult.Luckily,itwasn,t

toolate.Aftersomeseriousthought,Ichangedmymajortojournalism.Itwasn'tsomethingI

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hadalwaysimaginedmyselfpursuing一butatthatmoment,itwaswhatIwanted.

Wegrowup,andsometimesourdreamschange一andthat'sperfectlyOK.Youjustneedtoask

yourselfeveryonceinawhile,“IsthisstillwhatIwant?”Iftheanswerisno,moveonand

startchasinganewone.

28.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestinParagraph1?

A.Pastactionsshouldbetreasured.

B.It'sunwisetoregretallthetime.

C.Lifewouldbedullwithout“Whatif?”

D.Wemakebetterdecisionsbylookingback.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“agonized“inParagraph4mean?

A.ProudB.DeterminedC.UnregretfulD.Painful

30.Whydidn'ttheauthorchangehermajorimmediately?

A.Changingamajorwasuncommon

B.Heradvisorforcedhernottodothat

C.Shethoughtitabetrayal（背叛）ofheryoungerself

D.Shedidn'twantherchildhooddreamtofade.

31.Whatlessondidtheauthorlearnfromtheexperience?

A.Don'tfollowothers,careeradvice

B.It'sOKtoswitchtoourreallove.

C.Improveusbeforerealizingourdream

D.Childhooddreamsarehardtoinsiston

【答案】28.B29.D30.C31.B

【解析】

【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。本文讲述后悔是没有什么用的，如果这样的生活或专业不是你所想要的，大

胆选择你爱的。

[28题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段提到“Reflecting（回忆）onthepastaboutthosedecisionsoractionsthat

can'tbereversed（推翻）andbeingoccupiedwiththoughtsof“Whatif?”isnowaytolive（反

思过去那些无法逆转的决定或行为，并满脑子都是“如果……会怎么样？”这不是生活的方式。）”可知，

作者认为总是后悔是不明智的，故选B项。

[29题详解】

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词句猜测题。根据第四段提到的“Aftersomeseriousthought,Ichangedmymajortojournalism（经

过一番认真的思考，我改学新闻专业了。）”可知，经过慎重的思考我改变的专业，可知我现在很痛苦，划

线词与D项意思相近。故选D项。

[30题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段"Don'tgiveuponyourchildhooddream!”"He'sright,"Ithought.

“IshouldjuststickitoutandIshouldn'tdisappointthelittlegirlwhoonceloved

architecture（"不要放弃你童年的梦想！”“他说得对，"我想。“我应该坚持下去，我不应该让曾经热

爱建筑的小女孩失望。“）”可知，作者在听了导师的话之后觉得他（导师）是对的，她应该坚持下去,不应该

让那个曾经热爱建筑学的小女孩失望。故可推断出，作者不喜欢学习建筑学却不立即换专业的原因是她认

为换专业就是放弃了童年的梦想，背叛了童年时的自己，故选C项。

【31题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段提到“Wegrowup,andsometimesourdreamschange一andthat?sperfectly

OK.Youjustneedtoaskyourselfeveryonceinawhile,“IsthisstillwhatIwant?”Ifthe

answerisno,moveonandstartchasinganewone.（我们长大了，有时我们的梦想会改变这完全

没问题。你只需要时不时问问自己，“这还是我想要的吗？”如果答案是否定的，那就继续前进，开始追求

新的目标。）”可知，最后一段说到我们在成长，有时我们的梦想也会改变，那完全正常。你只需要偶尔问问

自己“这还是我想要的吗？"，如果答案是否定的,那么我们就应该放手并开始追寻我们真正的爱，故选B项。

D

LifeintheClear

Transparentanimalsletlightpassthroughtheirbodiesthesamewaylightpassesthrough

awindow.Theseanimalstypicallylivebetweenthesurfaceoftheoceanandadepthofabout3

300feet--asfarasmostlightcanreach.Mostofthemareextremelydelicateandcanbedamaged

byasimpletouch.SonkeJohnsen,ascientistinbiology,says,“Theseanimalslivethroughtheir

lifealone.Theynevertouchanythingunlessthey'reeatingit,orunlesssomethingiseating

them.”

Andtheyareasclearasglass.Howdoesananimalbecomesee-through?Itstrickierthan

youmightthink.

Theobjectsaroundyouarevisiblebecausetheyinteractwithlight.Lighttypicallytravels

inastraightline.Butsomematerialsslowandscatter（散射）light,bouncingitawayfromits

originalpath.Othersabsorblight,stoppingitdeadinitstracks.Bothscatteringandabsorption

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makeanobjectlookdifferentfromotherobjectsaroundit,soyoucanseeiteasily.

Butatransparentobjectdoesn'tabsorborscatterlight,atleastnotverymuch.Lightcan

passthroughitwithoutbendingorstopping.Thatmeansatransparentobjectdoesn'tlookvery

differentfromthesurroundingairorwater.Youdon'tseeityouseethethingsbehindit.

Tobecometransparent,ananimalneedstokeepitsbodyfromabsorbingorscatteringlight.

Livingmaterialscanstoplightbecausetheycontainpigments（色素）thatabsorbspecificcolors

oflight.Butatransparentanimaldoesn'thavepigments,soitstissueswon'tabsorblight.

AccordingtoJohnsen,avoidingabsorptionisactuallyeasy.Therealchallengeispreventinglight

fromscattering.

Animalsarebuiltofmanydifferentmaterialsskin,fat,andmoreandlightmovesthrough

eachatadifferentspeed.Everytimelightmovesintoamaterialwithanewspeed,itbendsand

scatters.Transparentanimalsusedifferenttrickstofightscattering.Someanimalsaresimply

verysmallorextremelyflat.Withoutmuchtissuetoscatterlight,itiseasiertobesee-through.

Othersbuildalarge,clearmassofnon-livingjelly-like（果冻状的）materialandspreadthemselves

overit.

Largertransparentanimalshavethebiggestchallenge,becausetheyhavetomakeallthe

differenttissuesintheirbodiesslowdownlightexactlyasmuchaswaterdoes.Theyneedto

lookuniform.Buthowthey'redoingitisstillunknown.Onethingisclear:fortheselarger

animals,stayingtransparentisanactiveprocess.Whentheydie,theyturnanon-transparent

milkywhite.

32.AccordingtoParagraph1,transparentanimals.

A.stayingroupsB.canbeeasilydamaged

C.appearonlyindeepoceanD.arebeautifulcreatures

33.Theunderlinedword"dead”inParagraph3means.

A.silentlyB.gradually

C.regularlyD.completely

34.Onewayforananimaltobecometransparentisto.

A.changethedirectionoflighttravelB.gathermaterialstoscatterlight

C.avoidtheabsorptionoflightD.growbiggertostoplight

35.Thelastparagraphtellsusthatlargertransparentanimals.

A.movemoreslowlyindeepwater

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B.staysee-throughevenafterdeath

C.producemoretissuesfortheirsurvival

D.takeeffectiveactiontoreducelightspreading

【答案】32.B33.D34.C35.D

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章解释了生活在海洋的透明生物的特点，透明原理，以及形成机制。

[32题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三行"Mostofthemareextremelydelicateandcanbedamagedbyasimple

touch”可知，透明动物是很容易受伤。故选B。

[33题详解】

词义猜测题。该词出现在文章第三段第三行。前文提到了：你能看到的物体一种是对光线进行了散射；而

另外一种是对光线的吸收。既然吸收了，那在光的传播过程中就完全阻止了，因此这里dead是完全的意思。

故选Do

[34题详解】

推理判断题。根据第五段第一句"Tobecometransparent,ananimalneedstokeepitsbodyfrom

absorbingorscatteringlight."可知，想变透明就要避免散射或吸收光线，因此其中的一个方法是C

选项，避免光线的吸收。故选C。

[35题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句中的"Largertransparentanimalshavethebiggestchallenge,

becausetheyhavetomakeallthedifferenttissuesintheirbodiesslowdownlightexactlyas

muchaswaterdoes.”可知，体型较大的透明动物面临的挑战最大，因为它们必