施心远听力教程3第2版Unit1

施心远听力教程3第2版Unit1Unit1Section1Part1spotdictationListeningskillTheexerciserequiresagoodmasteryofpronunciation,note-takingabilityandabetterknowledgeofvocabularyandstructure.-----accuratespelling;correctcoherenceandgoodunity.Questionforwarmingup:What’sthefuturehouselikeinyourmind?ThefuturehouseshouldmeettherequirementsofEco-consciousconstruction,whichmeansthehousefirstlyshouldbeenvironment-protected;andthenitshouldbecomfortableandintelligentandhi-teched.------remoteandelectroniccontrolled,economical.Section1:spotdictationInsulate;gadget;小配件

HousesintheFutureWell,Ithinkhousesinthefuturewillprobablybe(1)quite

smallbutIshouldthinkthey'Ilbe(2)well-insulated

sothatyoudon'tneedsomuch(3)heatingand(4)cooling

asyoudonow,soperhapsveryeconomical(5)torun.Perhapstheywilluse(6)solarheating,althoughIdon'tknow,inthiscountry,perhapswe(7)won'tbeabletodothatsomuch.Yes,Ithinkthey'llbefullof(8)electronicgadgets:thingslikeveryadvancedtelevisions,videos,perhapsvideoswhichtakeup...Thescreen(9)takesupthewholewall.Ishouldthink.Yes,you'llhavethingslike(10)garagedoorswhichopenautomaticallywhenyou(11)driveup,perhapselectronic(12)sensorswhichwill(13)

recognise

youwhenyou,whenyoucometothefrontdooreven.Perhaps(14)

architectsanddesignerswillbeabitmore(15)imaginativeabouthowhousesaredesignedandperhapswiththe(16)shortageofspacepeoplewillthinkofputtinggardens(17)ontheroofand,andmayberoomscanbe(18)expandedand,and(19)

contracted*dependingonwhatyouusethemfor,soperhapsthere'llbeabitmore(20)flexibilityaboutthat.Part2ListeningforgistThisdialogueisaboutmakinganappointmentwithDrMilton.Thekeywordsareappointment,DrMilton,onduty,alatertime,Thursday,March27th,5:30,6:15.SkillfordialogueKeywords(diction)Grammer,structure,sentencesRising-tone;falling-tone;mannerofspeaking

Section2Part1QuestionsforDialogue:1.What’sthepossiblerelationbetweenthetwospeakers?Theyarepossiblyboyfriendandgirlfriend.2.Whereisthisdialoguetakingplace?Inarestaurant.3.Theboysaysseveralthingswhichthegirlshouldnotreallybelieve,whatarethey?“itdoesn’treallymatter,doesit?Ihaven’tgotanythingbettertodo,haveI?I’veonlybeenwaitingforoveranhour.That’sall.Afterall,mytimeisn’treallythatimportant,isit?”4.Thegirlmentionstwiceaboutsthtoeat.Why?Becauseshewantstostoptheconversationlikethis.5.Whydoestheboysay“apityit’sSunday”?Becauseheknowsthegirlislying.Passage:Backgroundinformation

EveryJanuary,theattentionoftheentertainmentcommunityandoffilmfansaroundtheworldturnstotheupcomingAcademyAwards,thehighesthonorinfilmmaking.TheannualpresentationoftheOscarshasbecometheAcademyofMotionPictureArtsandSciences'mostfamousactivity.Theacademywasfoundedin1927inHollywoodandtwoyearslaterbegangivingawardsforachievementinmanycategoriesoffilmmaking.TheOscarStatuetteisaknightholdingacrusader'ssword,standingonareeloffilmwithfivespokes.TheOscarStatuette

CategoriesoftheAwards:bestpicture,bestactor,bestactress,beststory,bestdirecting,bestsupportingactorandactress,bestvisualeffects,bestscreenplay（编剧）andsoon.VocabularyDepict:(describe);torepresentinapictureorsculptureAnimate:(V--activate,energize/adj—alive,living)

togivelifeto

Spoke:oneofthebarsattachedtothehubofawheel,supportingtherimTrophy:(award,memorial)anythingwonorawardedasasignofvictory.Unscathed:(unharmed,unhurt)Sentencedictation1.Industryinsidersandmembersofthepresscalledtheaward"theAcademystatuette","thegoldentrophy"or"thestatueofmerit",butthetermneverstuck.2.Nohardevidenceexiststosupportthattale,butinanycase,bythesixthAwardsPresentationin1934,aHollywoodcolumnistusedthenameinhiscolumn.3.WaltDisneywashonoredwithonefull-sizeandsevenminiaturestatuettesonbehalfofhisanimatedfeatureSnowWhiteandtheSevenDwarfs.4.Ifthestatuettesdon'tmeetstrictqualitycontrolstandards,theyareimmediatelycutinhalfandmelteddown.5.ThelargeboxesareshippedtotheAcademyofficesviaairexpress,withnoidentifiablemarkings.ExerciseCDetailedListening

!

T1.TherewerefiveoriginalbranchesoftheAcademy.(BecausethefivespokesonthereeloffilmsignifytheoriginalbranchesoftheAcademy:Actors,Writers,Directors,Producers,andTechnicians.)F2.TheAcademyAwardofMeritwasofficiallynamed"Oscar"in1928.(Bornin1928,yearswouldpassbeforetheAcademyAwardofMeritwasofficiallynamed"Oscar.")T3.TheAcademystaffbeganreferringtotheAcademystatuetteasOscarbecauseMargaretHerricksaidthe.statuettewaslikeheruncleOscar.(AnAcademylibrarianandeventualexecutivedirector,MargaretHerrick,thoughtthestatuetteresembledheruncleOscarandsaidso,andasaresulttheAcademystaffbeganreferringtoitasOscar.)F4.Sinceitsconception,theOscarstatuettehasmetexactinguniformstandards.(Therewereafewnotableexceptions.In1930s,juvenileplayersreceivedminiaturereplicasofthestatuetteandaventriloquistEdgarBergengainedawoodenstatuettewithamoveablemouth.WaltDisneywashonoredwithonefull-sizeandsevenminiaturestatuettes.)T5.Oscarsweremadeofplasterinthe1940sbecauseoftheWar.(Between1942and1944,insupportofthewareffort,Oscarsweremadeofplaster.)T6.Themanufacturer,R.S.Owensmakesabout50OscarseachyearinChicago.(Approximately50OscarsaremadeeachyearinChicagobythemanufacturer,R.S.Owens.)F7.55AcademyAwardswerestolenbyamysteriouspersonenroutefromtheWindyCitytotheCityofAngelsonMarch10,2000.(OnMarch10,2000,55AcademyAwardsjustmysteriouslyvanishedenroutefromtheWindyCitytotheCityofAngels,buthowandbywhomwasunknown.)F8.Foreightyyears,theOscarshavesurvivedwar,weatheredearthquakes,managedtoescapeunscathedfromcommonthievesandevenchemicalcorrosion.(Since1995,however,R.S.Owenshasrepairedmorethan160statuettes."Maybesomebodyusedchemicalsonthemtopolishthemandthechemicalsrubbedrightthroughthelacquerandintothegold.")tapescript

TheOscarstatuette,designedbyMGM's*chiefartdirectorCedricGibbons,depicts*aknightholdingacrusader's*sword,standingonareeloffilmwithfivespokes,signifyingtheoriginalbranchesoftheAcademy:Actors,Writers.Directors,Producers,andTechnicians.Bornin1928,yearswouldpassbeforetheAcademyAwardofMeritwasofficiallynamed"Oscar".Industryinsidersandmembersofthepresscalledtheaward"theAcademystatuette","thegoldentrophy"or"thestatueofmerit".Theentertainmenttradepaper,WeeklyVariety,evenattemptedtopopularize"theironman".Thetermneverstuck.ApopularstoryhasbeenthatanAcademylibrarianandeventualexecutivedirector,MargaretHerdck,thoughtthestatuetteresembledheruncleOscarandsaidso,andthatasaresulttheAcademystaffbeganreferringtoitasOscar.

Nohardevidenceexiststosupportthattale,butinan5'case,bythesixthAwardsPresentationin1934,HollywoodcolumnistSidneySkolskyusedthenameinhiscolumninreferencetoKatharineHepburn'sfirstBestActresswin.TheAcademyitselfdidn'tusethenicknameofficiallyuntil1939.Sinceitsconception,theOscarstatuettehasmetexactinguniformstandards--withafewnotableexceptions.Inthe1930s,juvenileplayersreceivedminiaturereplicas*ofthestatuette;aventriloquist*EdgarBergenwaspresentedwithawoodenstatuettewithamoveablemouth;andWaltDisneywashonoredwithonefull-sizeandsevenminiaturestatuettesonbehalfofhisanimatedfeatureSnowWhiteandtheSevenDwarfs.Between1942and1944,insupportofthewareffort,Oscarsweremadeofplaster.AftertheWar,winnersturnedinthetemporaryawardsforgoldenOscarstatuettes.

ThetraditionalOscarstatuette,however,hasn'tchangedsincethe1940s,whenthebasewasmadehigher.In1945,thebasewaschangedfrommarbletometalandin1949,AcademyAwardstatuettesbegantobenumbered,startingwithNo.501.Approximately50OscarsaremadeeachyearinChicagobythemanufacturer,R.S.Owens.Iftheydon'tmeetstrictqualitycontrolstandards,thestatuettesareimmediatelycutinhalfandmelteddown.EachawardisindividuallypackedintoaStyrofoam*containerslightlylargerthanashoebox.Eightofthesearethenpackedintoalargercardboardbox,andthelargeboxesareshippedtotheAcademyofficesinBeverlyHillsviaairexpress,withnoidentifiablemarkings.

OnMarch10,2000,55AcademyAwardsmysteriouslyvanishedenroutefromtheWindyCity*totheCityofAngels.Ninedayslater,52ofstolenstatuetteswerediscoverednexttoaDumpster*intheKoreatownsectionofLosAngelesbyWillieFulgear,whowaslaterinvitedbytheAcademytoattendtheOscar2000ceremoniesasaspecialguest.Foreightdecades,theOscarshavesurvivedwar,weatheredearthquakes,andevenmanagedtoescapeunscathed*fromcommonthieves.Since1995,however,R.S.Owenshasrepairedmorethan160statuettes."Maybesomebodyusedchemicalsonthemtopolishthemandthechemicalsrubbedrightthroughthelacquer*andintothegold,"explainsthecompanypresident."Ormaybepeoplestoredthemsomeplacewheretheycorroded."Althoughhestressesthatthestatuetteismadetoendure,SiegeloffersthissageadvicetoallOscarwinners:"Ifitgetsdusty,simplywipeitwithasoftdrycloth."SectionthreeNews

Ex.A:SummarizethenewsThisnewsitemisaboutthecomingParalympics2008.Ex.B:Answerthequestions1.TheBeijingOlympicsendedSundaynightwithagrandclosingceremony.2.Beijing'sorganization,infrastructure,andiconicsportsvenuesforthegamesdrewwidelypraisedduringtwoweeksofcompetition..3.BeijingisnowgearinguptohosttheParalympics-theworld'sbiggestsportingeventforthosewithphysicaldisabilities.4.DuringtheParalympics,therewillbe16dedicatedpublicbuslinesforthedisabledand400shuttlebuses.5.Yes,theywillcompeteinandstayinthesamefacilitiesusedforOlympics,includingthepopularWaterCubeandBird'sNeststadium.Newsitem2Ex.A:ListentothenewsandcompletethesummaryThisnewsitemisaboutthehigh-levelUS-ChinatalksthatObamaopens.Ex.B:PresidentObamasaysWashingtonandBeijingmustcooperatetotacklethebigproblemsfacingtheworld.MrObamaspoketohigh-levelAmericanandChineseofficialsastheylaunchedatwo-daymeetinginWashington.TheU.S.ChinaStrategicandEconomicDialogueistodiscussabroadagendafromcurrencyconcernstoforeignpolicy.Thepresidentsaidtheofficialsmustworktogethertotackleworldwidechallenges,includingtheglobaleconomicrecession,climatechange,andthespreadofnuclearweapons.ThepresidentsaidheisundernoillusiontheUnitedStatesandChinawillagreeoneveryissue,oralwaysseetheworldinthesameway.Andhemadeclearthathewillcontinuetospeakoutabouthumanrights.PresidentObamastressedthatitisthesedifferencesthatmakedialogueevenmoreimportant.Hesaidthesediscussionsgivethetwosidesachancetogettoknoweachotherbetterandcommunicatewithcandor.Newsitem3ExerciseADirections:Listeningtothenewsitemandcompletethesummary.ThisnewsitemisabouttheoilsupplyfromRussiatoChinaandtherelationshipbetweenthetwocountries.ExerciseBT2.F3.F4.T5.T6.F7.T8.FSection4

Part1FeatureReportDirections:Listeningtothenewsreportandcompletethesummary.Thisnewsreportisabout

China’smainconcernattheG-20meetingwhichisaimedatincreasingdomesticconsumption.

ExerciseBDirections:Listentothenewsagainandfillintheblankswiththemissingwords.JustaheadoftheG-20meeting,Chinaalsoloweredinterestratesandannounceda$586billionspendingpackage

oninfrastructure,socialservicesandtaxrebates.TheworldisnowwaitingtoseewhetherBeijing'sactionswillhelprestoreglobaleconomicstability.China'sViceForeignMinisterHeYafeisaysChinacanbesthelptheworldeconomybystabilizingitsown."China'seconomymakesupalargepartoftheworldeconomy,"hesaid."WhetherornotChina'seconomyisabletomaintainstability

andcontinuegrowing,whetherornot

China'sdomesticeconomy

isstable,isveryimportantnotonlytoChina'sbutalsototheworld'seconomy."Analystssaythegovernmentspendingpackage

willtosomedegreehelpexporters,butismainlyaimedatincreasingdomesticconsumption.Part2backgroundinformation埃及第一王朝的开国国王。他统一了埃及，开启了法老统治时代，建立了在人类文明史上具有长期而辉煌影响的王国。

人物档案

姓名：Menes美尼斯

生卒年：约公元前3100年(具体时间不详)

出生地：提尼斯城

早王朝与古王国时代古埃及编年史家曼内托(前3世纪)，把埃及古代史分为31个王朝。第1、2王朝习惯上被称为早王朝时代（约前3100～前2686）。传说美尼斯统一上、下埃及，成为第1王朝的第一位国王。

古埃及真正的统一是在古王国时代(第3～6王朝，约前2686～前2181)。这是古埃及史上农业、手工业、商业、建筑业等各项事业全面发展的第一个伟大时代。随着各州的被兼并，形成了统一奴隶制国家，政权机构加强，确立了以官僚体制为基础的、君主独裁的专制统治。奴隶主专制君主被称为神之子或神的化身，不仅在今世，而且在来世也要维持其统治地位，因此他们生前就为自己建造地下世界的“永恒之宫”——金字塔。除专制君主外，奴隶主阶级还包括贵族官吏、神庙僧侣等。他们不仅占有奴隶，而且依靠国家政权压榨剥削农民、手工业者等自由民阶层，致使某些自由民变成国王、贵族和神庙的依附者。从第5王朝起，地方贵族和僧侣集团的势力逐渐加强。王室成员垄断国家要职（宰相）的特权已被日益发展起来的地方权贵所打破。中央与地方势力、专制政权与广大人民之间的矛盾导致古王国的崩溃。

克莉奥帕特拉七世(CleopatraVII，公元前69—前30)，埃及托勒密王朝最后一位女王。她才貌出众，聪颖机智，擅长手腕，心怀叵测，一生富有戏剧性。特别是卷入罗马共和末期的政治漩涡，同恺撒、安东尼关系密切，并伴以种种传闻逸事，使她成为文学和艺术作品中的著名人物。随着克列奥帕特拉七世之死，长达300年的埃及托勒密王朝也告结束，埃及并入罗马，成为元首的私产。

古代埃及神灵众多，堪称多神教，神灵总数号称2000之众。古埃及人相信身边万物皆有神灵相附，如大地、空气、河流、天空、太阳、月亮、动物和植物，这些神灵是有形的，或为动物、或为动物首人身。古埃及人相信人类无法超越大自然的威力和能量，他们将这种来自大自然的力量视为神，敬之畏之，以求平安。阿蒙Amon底比斯的主神，因底比斯的兴起而成为国家的主神。这个名字意指“TheHiddenOne”，圣兽是鹅和公羊。拉（Ra）：即太阳神，众神之王，万神之源，后与其他太阳神（主要是阿蒙Amum）合并，成为世界的主宰神——阿蒙拉Amum-Ra（可能源于埃及统一的背景）。舒（Shu）：风神，拉的儿子，古埃及人认为太阳带来了风。舒是阿图姆透过他的呼息创造出来的。他与自己的姐妹泰芙努特结婚生努特和盖布。

泰芙努特（Tefnut）：雨神，拉的女儿，同时也是舒的妻子（近亲结婚）。她是拉用自己的精液或分泌物(mucus)创造出来的。她与自己的兄弟舒结婚，生盖布和努特。盖布（Geb）：大地之神，舒和泰夫努特的儿子，拉的孙子。古埃及的这一信仰与世界的其他地区有所不同。在其他的神话中，大地之神往往表现为女神。盖布的形象为鹅头人身，身体呈绿色或黑色。盖布关押着邪恶的人的灵魂，使他们无法进入天堂。盖布与努特结婚生了欧西里斯、艾西斯、赛特和奈芙蒂斯。努特（Nut）：天神，舒和泰芙努特的女儿，拉的孙女，同时也是盖布的妻子（又近亲结婚）。相较于其他神话中常以男性形象出现的天神，努特是一位女神。太阳神拉每晚日落后进入她的口中，第二天早晨又从她的阴门中重生。她同时也如此吞咽和再生着星辰。努特同时也是死亡女神，大多数石棺（sarcophagus）的内壁上都绘有她的形象。法老死后会进入她的身体，不久后便会重生。

在艺术作品中，努特的形象是一位被舒支撑着，以星辰遮身的裸体女性；在她（天空）的对面是她的丈夫盖布（大地）。‘欧西里斯（Osiris）：冥王和农神，盖布和努特之子。他是一位反复重生的神，而他身上的绿色皮肤就有这种意思。他最后被埋在阿拜多斯（Abydos）城，是那里的守护神。一般在壁画中，若脸上涂有绿色颜料，则表是在复活中或已经复活。他的崇拜仪式起于阿拜多斯（Abydos），因此那里有许多他的神庙。从十八王朝开始，他可能是最广泛被崇拜的神祇。Osiris是非常具有智能的精神领袖，象征智能及死后重生，Osiris与妻子Isis的爱情神话非常著名，他们是Nut（母亲）和Geb（父亲）的孩子，是兄妹也是夫妻。这对灵魂伴侣最深的爱恋故事包括了生死、复仇、不灭的爱和身体重组等疗愈故事，是埃及神话中最广为流传的生死秘义启发。欧西里斯通常以一个蓄有胡子、头上戴着北方之冠，手持令牌、曲柄杖和连枷的男性木乃伊状人形为代表。埃及九柱之神

Horus(哈默迪)是荷鲁斯最早的一个版本，他是一位猎鹰形态的造物神。他的眼睛是太阳和月亮。当新月出现时，他就成了一个瞎子，称作Mekhenty-er-irty，意思是"没有法老眼睛的人"，而当他的视力恢复时，他又被称作Khenty-irty意思是"有眼睛的人"。眼盲时的荷鲁斯时非常危险的，他有时会将朋友误认为敌人并发起攻击。他是奥西里斯与伊西斯的儿子，是莱托波里斯的守护神。阿努比斯Anubis

古代埃及神话传说中一位豺头人身的神明，是欧斯瑞斯（Osiris）的儿子，是引导人们死后的亡灵们来到地府接受审判，并测量亡灵的心脏有多重，以分辨在生前所做的好事、坏事之多寡。Sentencedictation1.TheNileRiverwasakindfriendbutoccasionallyahardtaskmasterofthepeoplewholivedalongitsbanks.2.Induecourseoftime,onemanwhogrewmorepowerfulthanmostofhisneighborsbecametheirking.3.Providedhewasnotobligedtopaymoretaxestohiskingthanhethoughtjust,heacceptedtheruleofpharaohasacceptedtheruleofMightyOsiris.4.Itwasdifferenthoweverwhenaforeigninvadercameandrobbedhimofhispossessions.5.EgyptregainedasemblanceofindependencewhenoneofAlexander’sgeneralssethimselfupaskingofanewEgyptianstate.DetailedListeningCBBAABDC

ExerciseDAfter-listeningDiscussionDirections:Listentothepassageagainanddiscussthefollowingquestions.1.ThelastEgyptianqueen,Cleopatra,triedherbesttosavethecountrywhentheRomanscameintheyear39B.C.HerbeautyandcharmweremoredangeroustotheRomangeneralsthanhalfadozenEgyptianarmycorps.ShewassuccessfultwiceinherattacksupontheheartsofherRomanconquerors.Intheyear30B.C.,AugustuslandedinAlexandriaanddestroyedherarmies.Shekilledherselfbytakingpoison.2(Open)TheNileRiverwasakindfriendbutoccasionallyitwasahardtaskmaster.Ittaughtthepeoplewholivedalongitsbanksthenobleartof“teamwork”.Theydependeduponeachothertobuildtheirirrigationtrenchesandkeeptheirdikesinrepair.Inthiswaytheylearnedhowtogetalongwiththeirneighborsandtheirmutual-benefit-associationquiteeasilydevelopedintoanorganizedstate.Thenonemangrewmorepowerfulthanmostofhisneighborsandhebecametheleaderofthecommunityandtheircommander–in-chiefwhentheenviousneighborsofwesternAsiainvadedtheprosperousvalley.InduecourseoftimehebecametheirkingandruledallthelandfromtheMediterraneantothemountainsofthewest.Butthesepoliticaladventuresoftheoldpharohs(thewordmeant”theManwholivedintheBigHouse”)rarelyinterestedthepatientandtoilingpeasantofthegrainfields.ProvidedhewasnotobligedtopaymoretaxestohisKingthanhethoughtjust,heacceptedtheruleofpharaohasacceptedtheruleofMightyOsiris.theHyksosweredrivenoutofthecountryandEgyptwasfreeonc