2024年新高考考前押题密卷英语（广东山东卷）（考试版）A4

地理第2页（共5页）2024年高考考前押题密卷（广东山东卷）（考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：120分）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。因笔试不考听力，选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁：考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A（原创试题）题源：Adaptedfrom:EAbouttheAdventureTakeonanexcitingjourneythroughtheAyungRiver,thelongestraftingrouteinBali,offeringanunforgettablewhite-waterraftingexperience!WithrapidsrangingfromlevelIItoIII,youradventurewillspanapproximately2hoursofheart-poundingexcitement.Ledbyourknowledgeableandfriendlyraftguides,you'llnavigatetheriversafelywhileimmersingyourselfinBali'sstunningnaturalbeauty.Gainuniqueinsightsintotherainforestasyoutacklethrillingrapidsandcreatelastingmemoriesalongtheway.PackagesPriceAyungRiverRaftingOwnTransportIDR350/PersonAyungRiverRaftingGroupof2,includingReturnHotelTransferIDR550/PersonAyungRiverRaftingGroupof3–4,includingReturnHotelTransferIDR485/PersonAyungRiverRaftingGroupof5+,includingReturnHotelTransferIDR430/PersonTipsDress:Werecommendwearingshortpantsoraswimsuitforcomfortduringtheraftingadventure.Don'tforgettobringachangeofclothesforafterthetrip.SunProtection:Applysunscreengenerouslytoprotectyourskinfromthetropicalsun.Footwear:Bepreparedforsomewalkingwithsturdyshoes,especiallyatthebeginningandendofthetourwheresteeproadsareencountered.Sustainability:Helpreduceplasticwastebybringingyourownplasticbagsforwetclothes.Whilesingle-useraincoatsareavailable,bringingyourownisencouragedtominimizeplasticusage.ExtraFunds:CarrysomeextracashforpurchasingdrinksandsouvenirstocommemorateyourAyungRiverraftingexperience.Don'tmissoutonthisunforgettableadventurethatcombinesthebeautyofBali'snaturallandscapeswiththeexcitementofwhite-waterraftingontheAyungRiver!1.WhatisthedurationoftheAyungRiverraftingadventurementionedinthepassage?A)Approximately1hourB)About2hoursC)Around3hoursD)Over4hours2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisrecommendedattireforparticipantsoftheAyungRiverraftingtrip?A)LongpantsandasweaterB)SwimsuitorshortpantsC)FormalclothesD)Winterjacketandboots3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutsustainabilitypracticesduringtheAyungRiverraftingadventureisNOTtrue?A)Participantsareencouragedtobringtheirownplasticbagsforwetclothes.B)Single-useraincoatsareavailableincaseofrain.C)Bringingyourownraincoatisrecommendedtoreduceplasticusage.D)Plasticbagsforwetclothesareprovidedbythetourcompany.BGrowingupontheshoresofLakeHuronintheCanadianprovinceofOntario,RobertBerdanwasneverfarfromwater.Whenhewasinsixthgrade,hereceivedatoymicroscopeforChristmas.Someofthefirstthingshesawthroughitslensweretinycreaturesinsidedropletshe’dgatheredfromalocalpond.Hewasfascinatedwiththemicroorganisms.Aftereighthgrade,Berdanupgradedtoamoresophisticatedmodelandrealizeditwasaportaltoanotherworld.“Thenewmicroscopechangedmylife,”hesays.“Icouldseesomuchmore.”Hebegarstudyingphotographyandbuyingcamerastofitonhismicroscope.Hecapturedimagesofferns,mushrooms,andtrees,andlearnedhowtodevelopfilm.HealsodevelopedhismicroscopyskillssomuchsothatheearnedadoctoraldegreeincellularbiologyandspentfiveyearsrunningalabattheUniversityofAlbertainEdmonton.ButBerdanneverforgothistwoearlypassions-beingimmersedinnatureandphotographingitstinydetails-andhedecidedtoreturntothem.Hissubjectsrangefromsnowflakestosprucetrees.Toseethelatterunderamicroscope,Berdancollectsasmallbranchandwieldsspecializedtoolstoshaveoffpaper-thinslices,whichhedyesredorblue.Forthefinalimages,heoftenusesaprocesscalledfocusstacking,inwhichsimilarphotoswithdifferentfocalplanesaremixedtogethertoachieveamoreprofounddepthoffield,andhesometimessewsphotostogethertocreateviews.“Iinvestigateanythingthatmighthavepossibilities,”hesays.Andheencouragesotherstodothesamewithamicroscope.“Anytoolthatamplifiesourabilitytoseewillenhanceourcreativity,”henotes“Ourobservationscanpotentiallyleadtonewdiscoveriesandsolutions.”4．WhatinspiredBerdantopursuehispassionformicroscopicphotography?A．Workinginacellularbiologylab.B．Earningadoctoraldegreeincellularbiology.C．Tinymicroscopesfromalocalpond.D．ChildhoodexperiencesnearLakeHuron.5．Whatisthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?A．Berdan’schildhoodexperiencewithmicroscopes.B．Berdan’sreasonforstudyingforadoctoraldegree.C．Berdan’stransitionfromamateurtoprofessional.D．Berdan’shardworkofrunningalabinEdmonton.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“amplifies”meaninthelastparagraph?A．Expands. B．Decreases. C．Mixes. D．Changes.7．WhatcanbeinferredaboutBerdan’sskillinmicroscopicphotography?A．Hehasreceivedformaltraininginphotographyandmicroscopy.B．Hemainlyfocusesoncapturingimagesofvariousmicroscopes..C．Heexperimentswithdifferentwaystoenhancethedepthoffield.D．Heisthemostskilledbiologistincapturingmushroomsandtrees.CWheninstantcakemixesfirstappearedinthe1950s,Americanhousewivesweredoubtful.Thesemixes,promisingeasycake-baking,felttooeasy.Themanufacturersdiscoveredthatrequiringtheadditionofanegginthebakingprocesswasjustenoughtomakethehousewiveshappywiththeirwork.Thegreatersenseofeffortgainedfromalittleextralaborisbelievedtohavebeenessentialtothelatersuccessofthecakemix.ThisreflectstheIKEAeffect(宜家效应),whichisidentifiedbypsychologistMichaelI.Nortonandhiscolleagues,suggestingweplacegreatervalueonthingswehaveworkedtocreate.Theyconductedfourstudiesinwhichtheyaskedparticipantstofoldpapercranesandfrogs,assembleIKEAboxes,andbuildsetsofLegos.Theythenaskedthebuilderstobid(出价)fortheircreations,andcomparedthepriceswithbidsfrompeoplewhohadn’tbuiltthem.Thebuildersconsistentlyoutbidthenon-builders.Interestingly,theIKEAeffectworksevenwhenpeoplehavenoopportunitytofullypersonalizetheircreations.Whilemostparticipants’foldingskillsleftmuchtobedesired,theylovedtheirimperfectlypersonalizedproductsallthemore.Buildersvaluedtheirwrinkledcrane-likecreationsnearlyfivetimesasmuchasnon-builders.Beauty,itseems,isintheeyeofthebuilder.Today,ascitiesaresufferingfromseverehousingcrises,theIKEAeffectcangiveusinsightintothewell-beingbenefitsofaself-buildingapproachtohousingdevelopment.ProjectslikeWikiHouseandthe“half-a-house”approachpioneeredbyAlejandroAravena’sarchitecturecompanyElementalareworkingtomakehousingmoreaffordableandsustainablebymakingiteasierforpeopletobuildandpersonalizetheirownhomes.“Themomentpeopleareinvolvedwiththeirbuiltenvironment,theyhaveatotallydifferentrelationshiptoit,”WikiHouseco-founderAlastairParvinexplained.“Whentheroofstartsleakingoradoorstartscreaking,theyhavethepowertofixitthemselves.”8．Whatbroughtcustomersthejoyofcake-bakingaccordingtoparagraph1?A．Abettertaste. B．Aneasyapproach.C．Adetailedrecipe. D．Anadditionaleffort.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph3imply?A．Creationsarebasedonskills. B．Extralaborincreasesperceivedvalue.C．Beautyisfoundthroughcontrast. D．Strictmanagementbringsgoodquality.10．WhatisAlastairParvin’sattitudetowardspublicinvolvementinhousing?A．Critical. B．Objective. C．Doubtful. D．Supportive.11．What’sthepurposeofthistext?A．Topromoteabrand. B．Tomakeaproposal.C．Toexplainaconcept. D．Tointroduceastudy.DPoweroftenboostsanemployee’screativitybecausebeingpowerfulliberatestheindividualfromrestrictions.However,newresearchshowsthatemployeeswhoarenotinpositionsofpowercanbecomemorecreativewhengiventimeto“warmup”toataskbyengaginginthecreativetaskmorethanonce.“Thisisimportantbecausewhenpeoplewithmorepowerareabletoexpresstheircreativeideasmorethanthosewithlesspower,whichleadstoarich-get-richerdynamicthatstrengthensthesepowerimbalances,”saidBrianLucas,assistantprofessorintheCornellUniversity.“Understandingwaystoboostthecreativityoflowerpowerworkerscanhelpthemfindtherightwaytodealwiththislow-powerdisadvantage,”Lucassaid.Lucasandhiscolleaguesconductedtwostudiestoreachtheirconclusion．Inthefirststudy,theydividedthecreativeideagenerationsessionintotworoundsconsistingofaone-minute“warmup”followedbyasecondroundinwhichtheparticipantscouldtakeaslongastheywanted．Participantswererandomlyassignedtoahigh-powerconditionoralow-powercondition,andfeelingsofpowerweregeneratedwitharolemanipulation(操纵)whereparticipantsweregivenaleadershiproleandcontroloverresources(highpower)oranemployeerolewithnocontroloverresources(lowpower).Thestudyfoundthathigh-powerindividualsweremorecreativethanlow-powerindividualsinthewarm-upround．Therewasnodifference,though,increativityinthesecondround.Inthesecondstudy,theresearchersgavethemadifferentcreativetaskandincreasedthenumberofroundsfromtwosessionstofive,takingaslongastheyliketocompletethetask.Similartothefirststudy,thestudyfoundthathigh-powerindividualsweremorecreativethanlow-powerindividualsinthefirstround．Butthecreativityoflow-powerindividualscaughtuptothecreativityofthehigh-powerindividualsafterthefirstround.“Thelow-powerwarm-upeffectsuggestsasimpleinterventionthatempowersallemployeestotaptheircreativepotentialandovercomespowerimbalancesintheworkplace:whenpursuingcreativework,letemployeeswarmupfirst,”Lucassaid.12．WhydoesLocusthinkitimportanttoboostthecreativityoflowerpowerworkers?A．Itmaintainspowerimbalances.B．Itmotivatestheirambitiontocatchup.C．Itcreatesacompetitiveworkenvironment.D．Itencouragesaworkplacewithmoreequality.13．HowdidLucasandhisco-authorsstimulatefeelingsofpowerintheparticipants?A．Throughacreativetaskwithtimelimits.B．Throughprovidingthemwithdifferentpositions.C．Throughacompetitionbetweenleadersandemployees.D．Throughassigningthemtodifferentconditionsintentionally.14．Howdidthesecondstudydifferfromthefirststudy?A．Ithadfewerrounds. B．Itinvolvedmoreparticipants.C．Participantshadachangedtask. D．Participants’creativitygapbecamewider.15．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Powertendstoencouragecreativeideas.B．Changingtasksboostsalltheemployees’creativity.C．Warm-uptimecorrectscreativitypowerimbalances.D．Low-powerindividualsoutperformthehigh-powerones.第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Challengesarepartoflifeandsomethingwecanallexpecttoencounteratonepointoranotherduringourlifetime.Wehandlechallengesdifferently;someofuschoosetofacethemhead-on,whileothersfleeinuncertainty.16Thefollowingaresimplemethodsandstrategieswecanallemploytoovercomechallengesmoreeffectively.17Nikecouldn’thavesaiditanybetterwiththeirslogan,"Justdoit!"Somechallengesrequireustodojustthat.Grabthebullbyitshornsandhavethecouragetoconquerit,nomatterhowunsurewemightfeel.Somechallengesareurgentandrequireimmediateattention,leavinguswithnooptionbuttogoaheadfull-steam.Educateourselves.Thereasonwhysomeissuesprovechallengingforusisthatwearen’tfamiliarwiththem.18Theinternet,books,forums,etc.,offerplatformswherewecanresearchandlearnaboutourchallengestofindstrategiesagainstthem.Knowledgeisdefinitelypowerfulandessentialinconqueringanything.Bepersistent.Thisiswhatisrequiredtoaccomplishanything,especiallywhenitcomestoovercomingchallenges.Nomatterhowdifficultourchallengesmightbe,wemustbewillingtopushthroughandtryagainandagainuntilweachievevictoryoverthem.19Askforhelp.Therearetimeswhenwecan’tgoitaloneandneedotherstohelpusconquerwhateverchallengesweface.20Networkingwithlike-mindedindividualswhocanofferussupport,suggestions,andsolutionsisusefulinhelpingusovercomechallenges.A．Meetthemhead-on.B．Adaptadifferentstrategy.C．Itissaidthattwoheadsarebetterthanone.D．Ifwegiveup,weallowthechallengestoconquerusinstead.E．Therefore,ourknowledgeandabilitytoconquerthemislimited.F．Whateverourpositions,weallwishtoconquerthemandmoveon.G．Somechallengescanbeoverwhelming,makingusquestionourabilitytoovercomethem.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwas68whenIfirststeppedonstageasastandupcomedianin2003.I’dneversetfootinacomedy21before.I’vealwaysbeena(n)22—I’veworkedasasinger,actorandmusician—butallthatcametoanendafter9/11.IliveinNewYork,andwewatchedthe23towersfallfrommyapartmentbuilding.Forayearafterwards,nobodywantedtogooutorbe24.ItwasthenthatIstartedtothinkaboutcomedy.Irealisedpeopleneededtolaugh,toenjoythemselvesagain,andthoughtthatwithalittle25Icoulddoit.Itookafewclasses,triedtoworkoutaroutine,andfinally26thecouragetogetuponstage.Thatfirsttimewasterrifying.Ihadnoideawhattheaudiencewould27ofme.InNewYork,comediansare28youngmenwithbeards.It’shardenoughto29throughasawoman,evenharderassomeoneoldenoughtobetheirgrandmother.AsIsteppedonstagethatfirsttime,peoplelaughednervously.Theywereclearly30toseeme.Iintroducedmyself,statedmyageandtriedmyfirstjoke.Therewas31.ButbythetimeIgottothethirdline,peoplewereproperlylaughing.Iwas32.Nowmysetsdiffer.Imightbeonstagefor10minutesinfrontofadozenpeople,ormyone-womanshowisafullhourinfrontofacrowdof100.Afterashow,peopleyoungandoldcomeuptome,sayingwhata(n)33Iam.Theysaytheywanttobeasactiveasmewhenthey34myage.I’mpleasedIcanshowthatasanolderpersonyoudon’tneedtotakea35seatinlife.”21．A．club B．society C．stage D．site22．A．audience B．performer C．worker D．producer23．A．modern B．beautiful C．grand D．picturesque24．A．entertained B．seen C．active D．public25．A．exercise B．practice C．training D．meditation26．A．heldon B．gottogether C．tookup D．pluckedup27．A．make B．react C．criticize D．applaud28．A．exclusively B．typically C．rarely D．occasionally29．A．fight B．rise C．stand D．break30．A．amused B．expected C．surprised D．indifferent31．A．silence B．hesitation C．disbelief D．applause32．A．bored B．addicted C．disinterested D．unexpected33．A．reminder B．motivation C．challenge D．inspiration34．A．reach B．arrive C．approach D．surpass35．A．dominant B．leading C．back D．passive第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Stampcollectinghasrecentlyemergedasafreshandinnovativeapproachforyoungpeopletodocumenttheirtravels.Insteadof36(mere)takingphotoswithfamouslandmarks,37(enthusiast)ofthisnewtrendeagerlyexploreeverycornerofvariousattractions,museums,andshopsduringtheirjourneysinsearch38variousstamps.Theyimprintthestamps,usuallywithsingleormulticoloredpicturesofthescenicspotsorimagesoffamouspeopleonpostcardsorintraveljournals,thus39(create)auniquememoryoftheirtravels.Freeorpaid,eachstampservesasarepresentationofthevisitor’s40(present)atthatspecificlocation,becominga41(cherish)partoftheirmemories.ShiJunchu,29,fromYunnanprovince,cameacrossstampcollectingthreeyearsagowhiletravelinginWuhan,Hubeiprovince.Shefoundittobeabetterwayofcommemoratinghertravels42purchasingsouvenirs(纪念品),soshecarriesaspeciallypreparednotebookforcollectingstampswhenevershetravels.“Stampcollectinghasaddedmoremeaningtomytravels.Turningthepagesofthosenotebooks43(feel)somewhatlikelookingatphotos.Icanrecall44happenedbackthenjustbyturningtoapagethedeliciousfoodIhad,andthefunexperiencesIenjoyed,shesaid.ShecurrentlyoperatesaprivatemuseuminKunming.SincelastOctober,shehasalsointroducedstamp-collectingservices45(encourage)morevisitorstoexplorethemuseum.第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46．假定你是李华，你校来自新西兰的交换生Terry发邮件请你推荐一门特色课程，请你用英文给他回复邮件，内容包括：1.推荐的课程及简介；2.推荐的理由。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearTerry,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Whenwearelittlekids,birthdaypartiesaremomentousoccasions.Theyareourtimetoshine,andweloveeverythingaboutthem:theballoons,thegames,thecake,thegifts,andsoon.Afterreadingcoolstoriesaboutpoliceofficerssolvingmysteries,AllenMillerthoughtthepolicewereawesome,hopingtobecomeoneofthem!So,whenhehadtochooseathemeforhisseventhbirthdayparty—hewentwithhisfavorite:thepolice!Andallhewantedforhisbirthdaypartywasamodelpolicec