外研版中考英语复习第二章动词第4节动词的非谓语形式教学课件

第二章动词第4节动词的非谓语形式考点导图中考考点回顾考点题型考频（5年5考）考点内容不定式作目的状语单项填空1年1考2019：toachieve1

语法选择4年1考2021：toenjoy3

不定式作宾语补足语语法选择4年2考2020：expectsb.todosth.2

2022：tellsb.todosth.4

不定式作宾语语法选择4年1考2023：needtodosth.5

1

单项填空36.Youngpeopleareencouragedtoworkhard_______theirowndreams.A.achieve

B.achieves C.toachieve

D.achieved考点解析

考查不定式作目的状语的用法。故选C。2

语法选择Iexpecteachofyou__33__akitethatmeanssomethingimportanttoyou.A.make

B.tomake C.making D.made考点解析

考查不定式作宾语补足语的用法。expectsb.todosth.(期待某人做某事)。故选B。3

语法选择Manytourists,theybelieve,willcome__38__thefantasticexperienceofwalkingacross.A.enjoy

B.enjoyed C.enjoying

D.toenjoy考点解析

考查不定式作目的状语的用法。故选D。4

语法选择Oneday,theteachertoldher__34__atest.A.take B.totake C.taking考点解析

考查不定式作宾语补足语的用法。tellsb.todosth.(让某人做某事)。故选B。5

语法选择“Ifeellikearealastronautinthespacecamp,andIdon'tevenneed__39__theearth,”hesaid.A.leave B.leaving C.toleave考点解析

考查不定式作宾语的用法。needtodosth.（需要做某事）。故选C。考点精讲精练【概念】非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括：动词不定式、动词的-ing形式、动词的-ed形式，即动词的非谓语形式。动词的非谓语形式没有人称和数的变化,除了不能单独作谓语外,可以承担句子的其他成分，包括主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语。考点1动词不定式【形式】动词不定式的基本形式是“不定式符号to+动词原形”，其否定形式是“notto+动词原形”，不定式符号to有时也可省略。1.动词不定式作主语作主语的动词不定式常用形式主语it代替，动词不定式后置，常见句型：（1）It's＋adj.(＋for/ofsb.)＋todosth.例It'snecessary(forus)tohelpeachother.(我们)互相帮忙是必要的。（2）It's+n.+todosth.例It'syourturntobaththebaby.轮到你给婴儿洗澡了。（3）Ittakessb.timetodosth.例Ittakesabouthalfanhourtogettotheairport.到机场大概需要半小时。2.动词不定式作宾语（1）常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：wanttodosth.想要做某事needtodosth.需要做某事(2023.39)plantodosth.计划做某事liketodosth.喜欢做某事begin/starttodosth.开始做某事refusetodosth.拒绝做某事trytodosth.设法做某事expecttodosth.期望做某事wouldliketodosth.想做某事decidetodosth.决定做某事offertodosth.主动提出做某事learntodosth.学习做某事hopetodosth.希望做某事affordtodosth.承担得起做某事help(to)dosth.帮忙做某事agreetodosth.同意做某事continuetodosth.继续做某事promisetodosth.承诺做某事（2）find,think等词后面跟不定式时，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语（即动词不定式）后置。例Somepeoplethinkitimpolitetoasksomeone'sage.有些人认为询问别人的年龄是不礼貌的。练Theyfound_____nearlyimpossible___________moneybecausetheycouldn'tearnenoughmoney.他们发现几乎不可能存钱，因为他们赚的钱不够多。（3）“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语。例Hedidn'tknowwhattosay.他不知道说什么。ittosave3.动词不定式作宾语补足语（1）常接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事asksb.(not)todosth.叫某人(不要)做某事wishsb.(not)todosth.希望某人(不要)做某事tellsb.(not)todosth.告诉某人(不要)做某事（2022.34）wouldlikesb.(not)todosth.想要某人(不要)做某事wantsb.(not)todosth.想要某人(不要)做某事encouragesb.(not)todosth.鼓励某人(不要)做某事teachsb.(not)todosth.教某人(不要)做某事expectsb.(not)todosth.盼望某人(不要)做某事（2020.33）invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事advisesb.(not)todosth.建议某人(不要)做某事helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事（2）一些使役动词和感官动词后也接不定式作宾语补足语，但不定式要省略to。这些动词有：hear，let，make，have，see，watch，notice等。但这些动词变为被动语态时，须加to。例Isawthemangointotheshop.我看见这个男人进了这家店。Themanwasseentogointotheshop.这个男人被看见进了这家店。4.动词不定式作状语（5年2考）动词不定式作状语，常用来表示目的、结果或原因。作目的状语时，可放句末也可放句首，放句首时要用逗号隔开。例Hewenttheretoseehisgrandpa.＝Toseehisgrandpa，hewentthere.他去那里是为了探望他的爷爷。（动词不定式表示目的）Hesearchedtheroomonlytofindnothing.他搜遍了房间，什么也没找到。（动词不定式表示结果）I'mgladtomeetyouhere.在这里见到你真使我高兴。（动词不定式表示原因）5.动词不定式作表语动词不定式作表语，常放在系动词之后，表示具体的动作或将来的动作。例MyjobistoteachEnglish.我的工作是教英语。6.动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语，常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后，作后置定语，翻译成“……的”。例Ihavesomethingtodoafterschool,soIcan'thavedinnerwithyou.我放学之后还有要做的事，所以我不能和你一起吃饭了。【拓展】常见的含有不带to的动词不定式短语或句型1.Whynotdosth.？＝Whydon'tyoudosth.？为什么不做某事？例Whynotgoouttoseeafilmwithme？＝Whydon'tyougoouttoseeafilmwithme？为什么不和我一起出去看电影呢？2.wouldrather(not)do宁愿(不)做例Iwouldrathernotgoanywhereastheweatherissohotoutside.我宁愿哪儿都不去因为外面太热了。3.woulddo…ratherthando…＝wouldratherdo…thando…＝prefertodo…ratherthando…＝preferdoing…todoing…宁愿做……而不愿做……例Iwouldstayathomeratherthangoouttoplay.我宁愿待在家里也不愿出去玩。Hepreferstohaveaclassratherthanhavearest.他宁愿上课也不愿休息。()1.—OurschoolwillinviteMr.Wang_______usatalkonenvironmentalprotectionnextweek.—That'swonderful!(2023江苏宿迁改编)A.give B.togive C.givingB()2.Today,wemustcontinueworking_______ourskiesblue,waterscleanandlandsclear.(2023湖南株洲)A.keep B.tokeep C.keeping()3.It'sreportedthatChinaplans_______astronautstothemoonbefore2030.（2023福建）A.send B.sending C.tosendBCinvitebecomeanswerbuildattendwishlearn4.Wehopeto________abeautifulhomebylivingalow-carbonlife（低碳生活）.(2023吉林改编)5.Mike,wearetoldnotto________thephonewhilecrossingthestreet.（2023四川自贡改编）6.Itisnecessaryto________tomanagetimeandmakegooduseofeveryminute.7.Hiswishisto___________anastronaut.8.Ihaveanimportantmeetingto________.buildanswerlearnbecomeattend考点2动词的-ing形式(课标新增)【形式】动词的-ing形式是由“动词原形+-ing”构成。例AskingtheteacherforhelpisagoodwayoflearningEnglish.向老师求助是一个学习英语的好方法。用法举例作主语谓语动词用单数形式Findingagoodjobisdifficultthesedays.现在找一份好工作不容易。作宾语“动词/介词+v.-ing”构成动宾或介宾结构MoststudentsenjoyaskingquestionsinEnglish.大部分学生都喜欢用英语提问。作宾语补足语常接动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语的动词有：see,watch,hear,notice,keep,find等，表示动作正在进行或持续发生,句子中的宾语与动词的-ing形式是逻辑上的主动关系Wecanhearthegirlsinginginherroom.我们可以听到那个女孩在她房间唱歌。(女孩正在唱歌)作状语表示原因、伴随、时间、结果等，句子中的主语与动词的-ing形式之间存在逻辑上的主动关系(高考语法项目)Seeingthepolice,hemadearunfortheexit.一看到警察，他就向出口奔去。（他看到警察）【附】常接动词的-ing形式作宾语的单词、短语和句型有：单词avoiddoingsth.避免做某事minddoingsth.介意做某事finishdoingsth.完成做某事allowdoingsth.允许做某事practicedoingsth.练习做某事keepdoingsth.坚持做某事enjoydoingsth.乐意做某事considerdoingsth.考虑做某事suggestdoingsth.建议做某事短语succeedindoingsth.成功做某事feellikedoingsth.想要做某事payattentiontodoingsth.注意做某事bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事be/getusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事beworthdoingsth.值得做某事lookforwardtodoingsth.盼望做某事havefundoingsth.做某事有乐趣havetroubledoingsth.做某事有困难dosomeshopping买东西can'thelpdoingsth.禁不住做某事stopsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事spend＋时间＋(in)doingsth.花时间做某事giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事句型lWhat/Howaboutdoingsth.？做某事怎么样？【拓展】有些动词既可接动词不定式，又可接动词的-ing形式，但意义不同。forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事(已做)forgettodosth.忘了要去做某事(未做)stopdoingsth.停止做某事stoptodosth.停下来去做另一件事rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事(已做)remembertodosth.记得去做某事(未做)regretdoingsth.对做过的事感到遗憾、后悔(已做)regrettodosth.对要做的事感到遗憾(未做)trydoingsth.试验/试着做某事trytodosth.努力/企图做某事goondoingsth.继续做原来做的事goontodosth.做完原来的事后,接着做另一件事()1.—Englishisdifficult______atthebeginning.—Yes，butifyoukeep______，youcanmakeprogress.A.tobelearned；trying B.tolearn；trying C.tolearn；totryB()2.Herhusbanddiedtenyearsago，_______herwiththreechildrentolookafter.A.leave B.leaving C.toleave()3.Thedriversawanoldman______onthesideoftheroad.A.lay B.tolie C.lyingBCtelldrivebreakopenenjoywaithear4.________acarduringtherushhouristiring．5.Ifeellikeabird________inthesky.6.Wouldyoumindmy________thedoor?7.________theirteacher'svoice,thepupilsstoppedtalkingatonce.8.Theraindidn'tstopusfrom________thewonderfultripinWuhan.DrivingflyingopeningHearingenjoying考点3动词的-ed形式(课标新增)【形式】动词的-ed形式是由“动词原形+-ed”或不规则动词的过去分词形式构成。例IreallylovethepoemswrittenbyLiBai.我真的很喜欢李白写的诗歌。用法举例作定语单词作定语时，动词的-ed形式一般放在被修饰词的前面Here'ssomeboiledwater.Haveadrinkwheneveryou'rethirsty.这里有开水。渴了随便喝。短语作定语时，动词的-ed形式一般放在被修饰词的后面ThisisabookwrittenbyMoYan.这是一本莫言写的书。作表语表示主语所处的状态Thestonestepswerewornandbroken.这些石头台阶被磨平破裂了。作宾语补足语动词的-ed形式可以在see,hear,notice,watch,keep,find,get,have等动词后面与名词或代词构成复合宾语，句子中的宾语与动词的-ed形式是逻辑上的被动关系Imustgetmybikerepaired.我必须请人修理我的自行车。（自行车被修理）作状语表示原因、条件、时间、让步等，句子中的主语与动词的-ed形式之间存在逻辑上的被动关系Growninrichsoil,theseseedscangrowfast.如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。（种子被种在土里）()1.Thereisabeautifulgirl______Kateinourclass.A.called B.calling C.tocall()2.______lastyear，therearefewerpeopledrivingtowork.A.Tocomparewith B.Comparingwith C.ComparedwithAC()3.You'dbetterexplainitloudlytomakeyourself______.A.tohear B.hearing C.heard()4.Thestoreisnow_______.A.close B.closed C.closingCBgrowrepairfollowbornpulllandinvent5.Thenewrobot________lastmonthcandomanyjobsinsteadofhumans.6.Thereissomethingwrongwithmywatch.Iamgoingtogetit__________.7.Thethiefcameintothepolicestation__________bytwopolicemen.inventedrepairedfollowed8.Ihavehadatoothacheforseveraldays.Iwillhavemybadtooth________tomorrow.9.Itissaidthatpeople________intheYearoftheTigerarebrave.pulledborn语篇考点专练一、语法选择主题：一次难忘的自行车之旅难度：★★★建议用时：7mins WhenIwas14,mydadandItookabiketripinthecountryside.Mydadchosea16-mileroadforustoride.Partofitincludedanoldtunnel(隧道)__1__WestHill.Thisoldtunnelisoveramilelong! Toprepare,wecheckedourtires(轮胎)andbikelights.__2__themorning,weputourbikesintothecarandsetoff.()1.A.call B.called C.calling()2.A.In B.On C.AtBAAftera__3__drive,wereachedtheroad.Itwasacoolafternooninearlyfall.Butwewerebothwetandtired__4__ourtripstartedwithalonguphill（上坡的）climb!AswereachedtheWestHillTunnel,I__5__nervousasitwasverydarkinside!()3.A.two-hour B.two-hours C.twohours()4.A.so B.although C.because()5.A.feel B.amfeeling C.feltACCButmydadencouragedme.Hesaidhewouldberightbesideme.Heremindedme__6__carefulandkeepmylighton! Whenweenteredthetunnel,thesoundofourbikesechoedthroughthedarkness.Iturnedonmyflashlightandsawwalls__7__bydrawings.Theairsmelledlikewetmud(泥).AndIfeltlikeIwasbeingwatched!Iwasprettyscared,butpayingattentionto__8__mydadhelpedmerelax. ()6.A.stay B.tostay C.staying()7.A.cover B.covered C.covering()8.A.follow B.followed C.followingBBCAfterridinghalf-waythrough,Icouldseelightcomingfromtheotherendofthetunnel.Thatgavemecourage___9___going.AndIwassohappytorideoutintothebrightafternoon! WheneverIgothroughhardshipsinlife,Irememberthistrip.Itremindsme__10__hopeisalwaysaheadofme.Itturnsonthelightofhopeinmyheart,anditgivesmecouragetokeepridingthroughlife'sdarktunnels.()9.A.tokeep B.keeping C.keep()10.A.what B.when C.thatAC二、短文填空主题：故乡的今昔对比难度：★★★建议用时：7mins 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。carrymakethebuildahaveifwatchchangedangerforvillage IliveinasmallvillageinSichuanProvince.The__1__usedtobepoor.Wedidn'thaverunningwater,sowehadtogoalongwayto__2__waterhome.Whenwedidthecooking