统考版高考英语一轮复习限时提分练四必修①Unit4Earthquakes含解析

一轮复习精品资料(高中)PAGE1-限时提分练(四)必修①Unit4EarthquakesⅠ.阅读理解A〖2021·南京市高三学情调研〗Theotherdayabig,ugly,blackbatfounditswaytothebathroomofmyhouseandhung,upsidedown,overthetoiletbowl.As“themanofthehouse”，Iwasaskedtoridthehouseoftheawfulcreature.Igrabbedapillowandheldthebroom.Iquicklyopenedthebathroomdoorandthrewthepillowatthebat.Itdidn'tmove.Thenthatoldfeelingstartedtocomeoverme.ItwasthesamefeelingIexperiencedwhenIwassentdownthestairsinthemiddleofthenighttoseewhatmadeanoise.Thefeelingcanbesummedupinoneword—trapped.Allmen,Ithink,sometimeshavehadthatfeelingofbeingtrappedinsomemaleroles.Itmaybesomethingassimpleashavingtocarvethechickenbeforeitisserved,orhavingtopretendthatyouknowsomethingaboutcarengineswhenthecarwon'tstart.However,womennowadaysseemtohavethefreedomtobethemselves.Theycanrepaircarsorbefirefighters.Yetmenappeartobemoreafraidtodosomethingdifferent.It'sasifbeingamanisnotwhatyouare,butwhatyoudoandthewayyoudoit.AsIcametowardsthefierceandfrighteningbat,IwonderedwhatwouldhappenifIhadsimplytoldmywifethatIwouldn'tdoit—thatshecouldgetitoutorelsecallsomeoneinthemorning.ButIcouldn'tdothat!Iamtheman!Islowlyopenedthewindowandclosedthetoiletbowlcover.Ithen,carefully,liftedthebroomovermyheadandsweptthebatoutthewindow.Justlikethat,itwasgone.Mywifewassopleasedandinthemorning,mysonthoughtIwasahero.TheyaskedmehowIhadgotridofthebat.Istartedtotellthem—butthenstopped.Amandoesn'ttalkofsuchthings.1．WhydoestheauthormentiontheoldfeelinginParagraph1?A．Torecalltheolddays.B．Toshowhisfearofdarkness.C．Topredicthisfightwiththebat.D．Tohighlightthesituationofbeingtrapped.2．Whatdoestheauthormeanbymentioningwomen'sfreedominParagraph2?A．Menareforcedtobearhouseholdburdens.B．Menhavetoliveuptosocialexpectations.C．Womenarefreetochoosetheirjobs.D．Womenareequaltomeninworkplaces.3．Thelastsentenceofthepassageimpliesthattheauthor________.A．believessilenceisgoldB．feelsproudofhimselfC．willdowhathehastodoD．willbewhathewantstobe4．Howdoestheauthorsoundinthepassage?A．Angry. B．Humorous.C．Desperate. D．Serious.B〖2021·兰州高三诊断考试〗Antsknowwhenanearthquakeisabouttostrike,researchershavediscovered.Theirbehaviorchangessignificantlypriortothequakeandtheyresumenormalfunctioningonlyadayafterit.GabrieleBerberichoftheUniversityofDuisburg­EsseninGermanypresentedthesefindingsonThursdayattheEuropeanGeosciencesUnionannualmeetinginViennaaccordingtoLiveScience.BerberichandhercolleaguesdiscoveredthatredwoodantspreferredtobuildtheircoloniesrightalongactivefaultsinGermany.Theycounted15,000mounds(土堆)liningthefaults.Thesefaultsaretheplaceswheretheearthviolentlyburstsinearthquakes.Usingaspecialcamerathattrackedchangesinactivity,Berberichandhercolleaguestrackedtheantsroundtheclockforthreeyears.Theyfoundthattheants'behaviorchangedonlywhenthequakewasovermagnitude(震级)2.Therewere10earthquakesbetweenmagnitude2.0and3.2duringthisperiod,andmanysmallerones.Humanscanalsosensequakesovermagnitude2only.AccordingtoBerberich,normalantactivityconsistsofgoingaboutcollectingfoodetc.duringthedayandrestinginthenight.Butbeforeanearthquake,theantsdidn'tgobacktotheirmoundinthenightandmovedaroundoutsideit.Thisstrangeandabnormalbehaviorcontinuedtilladayaftertheearthquake,Berberichtoldanewsconference,accordingtoLiveScience.Howdoantsknowanearthquakeiscoming?BerberichsuggestedthattheycouldeitherbepickingupchanginggasemissionsornotingtinychangesintheEarth'smagneticfields(磁场).“Redwoodantshavespecialcellswhichcandetectchangesincarbondioxidelevels.Theyalsohavespecialcellsfordetectingelectromagneticfields，”shesaid.Berberichandhercolleaguesareplanningtocontinuetheresearchinareaswheretherearemoreandbiggerearthquakes.5．What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“resume”inParagraph1?A．Form. B．Avoid.C．Recover. D．Improve.6．What'sthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A．Toleadtothemaintopic.B．Todescribeanewspeciesofant.C．Tointroduceafamousresearcher.D．Totellhowtopredictanearthquake.7．Whathappenstotheantsbeforeanearthquake?A．Theyhavenoappetite.B．Theyaretooexcitedtorest.C．Theygetlostontheirwayhome.D．Theyrefusetogoinsidetheirnests.8．Whatcanweconcludefromthelastparagraph?A．Antscanonlydetectsmallerearthquakes.B．Theresultoftheresearchiscompletelyreliable.C．Antsmayhavetwowaystopredictearthquakes.D．Researchersdon'tknowhowantspredictearthquakes.Ⅱ.七选五〖2021·成都市高三诊断性检测〗Agratefulheartisasatisfiedheart.Asatisfiedheartisasimpleheartwhichleadstoasimplifiedlife.Gratitudeopensthedoortosimplicity.Butweliveinaculturethatproducesdissatisfaction.__1__Intentionallychooseit.Gratitudewillneverbearesultofyournextsuccessoraccomplishment.__2__Andyouwillneverfinditinlifeuntilyouintentionallydecidetochooseit.Countyourblessings.Anewday,awarmbed,auniquepersonality,oraspecialtalent...__3__Gratitudequicklysetsinwhenwebegintospendaquietmomenteachdayrememberingthem.Thispracticealonehasthepotentialtochangeyourheartandlifeimmeasurably.__4__Almosthalftheworldliveonlessthan$2.50aday.1.1billionpeoplehaveinadequateaccesstocleanwater.Letthosefactssinkinforjustamomentandslowlyallowgratitudetobecomepartofthesolutiontotaketheirplace.Findgratitudeindifficulty.__5__Butitcanbemoredifficultduringthetrialsoflife:thedeath,disease,orfailure.Thetruthisthatnooneisexempt(获豁免的)fromthesufferings.However,goodcanbefoundevenintheworstoftimes.Beinggratefulduringthosedifficultiesmaygetyouthroughthem.Indailylifewemustseeitisnothappinessthatmakesusgrateful,butgratefulnessthatmakesushappy.A．Ignorewhatyoudon'thave.B．Wecanlearnhowtobegrateful.C．Openyoureyestothosewithless.D．Gratitudeisavailableinyourheartrightnow.E．Youhavewonderfulthingsinyourlifealready.F．It'seasytobegratefulwhenthingsaregoingwell.G．Howcanwefindgratitudeinaworldthatseekstodestroyit?Ⅲ.短文改错〖2021·昆明市高考模拟考试〗Lucy,the5thgrader,hasaloveofwritingletters.Shewrotetohermailmantoexpressherthanksinlastweek.“Doug,youmayknowmeasapersonwhowrotelotsoflettersanddecoratestheenvelopestoo.Iwantthankyoufortakingmylettersanddeliveringit.Imakepeoplehappilywithmyletters,butyoudotoo，”Lucywrote.Thenextday,LucygotaletterfromDougthankingherforrecognizingwhichhehaddoneandtheimportancesofhisjob.Feelingmovedandinspiring,DougsharedLucy'sletteronline.Itreceivedmorethan200,000likes.限时提分练(四)Ⅰ.阅读理解A语篇类型：夹叙夹议文主题语境：人与自我——做人与做事——男人的角色和身为男人的无奈〖语篇解读〗本文主要讲的是因为家里进了一只蝙蝠，身为男人的作者被要求站出来解决这个问题，在这个过程中，作者开始思考男性的角色和身为男人的无奈。1．〖答案〗与〖解析〗D考查理解目的的能力。文章第一段主要讲的是因为家里进了一只蝙蝠，身为男人的作者被要求站出来解决这个问题，就像是半夜里被派去下楼查看是什么发出声音，这些事情让作者觉得他是被困在“男人”这个角色中了。由此可推知，作者提到“theoldfeeling”是为了强调被困住的情况，故D项正确。2．〖答案〗与〖解析〗B考查推断的能力。根据第二段中的“However,womennowadaysseemtohavethefreedomtobethemselves”以及“Yetmenappeartobe...thewayyoudoit”可知，现在女性似乎有做自己的自由，但是男性似乎更害怕做一些不同的事，就好像做男人不是做你自己，而是你所做的事情和你做事的方式。由此可推知，作者提到“women'sfreedom”，是为了与男性的境况形成对比，即男人不得不达到社会对他们的期待，故B项正确。3．〖答案〗与〖解析〗C考查推断的能力。根据最后一句“一个男人是不会说这样的事情的”并结合上文作者对男性角色和社会对男性的期待的思考可推知，此处暗示了作者会按照社会对男性的期待去做事情，故C项正确。4．〖答案〗与〖解析〗B考查推断的能力。本文主要讲的是因为家里进了一只蝙蝠，身为男人的作者被要求站出来解决这个问题，在这个过程中，作者开始思考男性的角色和受困于男性角色的不得已之处。在本篇文章中作者始终以轻松、幽默的语气来描述他的心理活动，故B项正确。B语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然——灾害防范——蚂蚁能预知地震〖语篇解读〗研究发现，蚂蚁能预知地震，原因可能在于蚂蚁体内有能够探测到二氧化碳变化和电磁场的细胞。5．〖答案〗与〖解析〗C考查词义猜测。根据画线词所在句“Theirbehaviorchangessignificantlypriortothequakeandtheyresumenormalfunctioningonlyadayafterit”和第四段第三句“Thisstrangeandabnormalbehaviorcontinuedtilladayaftertheearthquake”可知，“resume”含义与“恢复正常”有关，故选C项。6．〖答案〗与〖解析〗A考查推理判断。本文是一篇有关研究发现的报道，文章第一段第一至二句表明了研究的发现，第二段至最后一段则详细叙述了研究的过程以及对相关问题的分析等。由此可推知，第一段的作用是引入文章话题，故选A。7．〖答案〗与〖解析〗D考查细节理解。根据第四段第二句“Butbeforeanearthquake,theantsdidn'tgobacktotheirmoundinthenightandmovedaroundoutsideit”可知，在地震发生前，蚂蚁不肯返回自己的巢穴，故选D项。8．〖答案〗与〖解析〗C考查细节理解。根据最后一段第一句“Howdoantsknowanearthquakeiscoming？”可知，本段分析的是蚂蚁能预知地震的原因，结合本段第二句的叙述以及后面引用研究者的话可知，我们可以得出这样一个结论，即蚂蚁可能有两种预知地震的方法——感知二氧化碳的变化与感知电磁场的变化，故选C项。Ⅱ.七选五语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自我——日常生活——如何找回感恩之心〖语篇解读〗感恩之心即满足之心，满足之心即简单之心；感恩打开了通往简单生活的大门，但是我们生活在产生不满的文化中。本文主要介绍了四个找回感恩之心的方法。1．〖答案〗与〖解析〗G根据空前一句并结合下文介绍的四个找回感恩之心的方法可知，空处承上启下，故G项符合语境。2．〖答案〗与〖解析〗D根据空前一句可知，感恩从不是你下次的成功或成就的结果，感恩是现在在你内心可找到的，所以选D项。3．〖答案〗与〖解析〗E空前列举的都是美好的事，E项中的“wonderfulthingsinyourlife”与此呼应，故选E项。4．〖答案〗与〖解析〗C根据空处所在位置可知，空处为该段的主题句，本段主要讲述的是世界上有很多悲苦大众，我们应该看到他们，所以选C项。5．〖答案〗与〖解析〗F根据空后一句中的“Butitcanbemoredifficultduringthetrialsoflife”可知，空处与空后一句形成对比，应是说明万事顺利时感恩是很容易做到的，所以选F项。Ⅲ.短文改错〖答案〗Lucy,eq\o(the,\s\do14(①a))5thgrader,hasaloveofwritingletters.Shewrotetohermailmantoexpressherthanksinlastweek.“Doug,youmayknowmeasapersonwhoeq\o(wrote,\s\do14(③writes))lotsoflettersanddecoratestheenvelopestoo.Iwanteq\o(∧,\s\do14(④to))thankyoufortakingmylettersanddeliveringeq\o(it,\s\do14(⑤them)).Imakepeopleeq\o(happily,\s\do14(⑥happy))withmyletters,eq\o(but,\s\do14(⑦and))youdotoo，”Lucywrote.Thenextday,LucygotaletterfromDougthankingherforrecognizingeq\o(which,\s\do14(⑧what))hehaddoneandtheeq\o(importances,\s\do14(⑨importance))ofhisjob.Feelingmovedandeq\o(inspiring,\s\do14(⑩inspired))，DougsharedLucy'sletteronline.Itreceivedmorethan200,000likes.限时提分练(四)必修①Unit4EarthquakesⅠ.阅读理解A〖2021·南京市高三学情调研〗Theotherdayabig,ugly,blackbatfounditswaytothebathroomofmyhouseandhung,upsidedown,overthetoiletbowl.As“themanofthehouse”，Iwasaskedtoridthehouseoftheawfulcreature.Igrabbedapillowandheldthebroom.Iquicklyopenedthebathroomdoorandthrewthepillowatthebat.Itdidn'tmove.Thenthatoldfeelingstartedtocomeoverme.ItwasthesamefeelingIexperiencedwhenIwassentdownthestairsinthemiddleofthenighttoseewhatmadeanoise.Thefeelingcanbesummedupinoneword—trapped.Allmen,Ithink,sometimeshavehadthatfeelingofbeingtrappedinsomemaleroles.Itmaybesomethingassimpleashavingtocarvethechickenbeforeitisserved,orhavingtopretendthatyouknowsomethingaboutcarengineswhenthecarwon'tstart.However,womennowadaysseemtohavethefreedomtobethemselves.Theycanrepaircarsorbefirefighters.Yetmenappeartobemoreafraidtodosomethingdifferent.It'sasifbeingamanisnotwhatyouare,butwhatyoudoandthewayyoudoit.AsIcametowardsthefierceandfrighteningbat,IwonderedwhatwouldhappenifIhadsimplytoldmywifethatIwouldn'tdoit—thatshecouldgetitoutorelsecallsomeoneinthemorning.ButIcouldn'tdothat!Iamtheman!Islowlyopenedthewindowandclosedthetoiletbowlcover.Ithen,carefully,liftedthebroomovermyheadandsweptthebatoutthewindow.Justlikethat,itwasgone.Mywifewassopleasedandinthemorning,mysonthoughtIwasahero.TheyaskedmehowIhadgotridofthebat.Istartedtotellthem—butthenstopped.Amandoesn'ttalkofsuchthings.1．WhydoestheauthormentiontheoldfeelinginParagraph1?A．Torecalltheolddays.B．Toshowhisfearofdarkness.C．Topredicthisfightwiththebat.D．Tohighlightthesituationofbeingtrapped.2．Whatdoestheauthormeanbymentioningwomen'sfreedominParagraph2?A．Menareforcedtobearhouseholdburdens.B．Menhavetoliveuptosocialexpectations.C．Womenarefreetochoosetheirjobs.D．Womenareequaltomeninworkplaces.3．Thelastsentenceofthepassageimpliesthattheauthor________.A．believessilenceisgoldB．feelsproudofhimselfC．willdowhathehastodoD．willbewhathewantstobe4．Howdoestheauthorsoundinthepassage?A．Angry. B．Humorous.C．Desperate. D．Serious.B〖2021·兰州高三诊断考试〗Antsknowwhenanearthquakeisabouttostrike,researchershavediscovered.Theirbehaviorchangessignificantlypriortothequakeandtheyresumenormalfunctioningonlyadayafterit.GabrieleBerberichoftheUniversityofDuisburg­EsseninGermanypresentedthesefindingsonThursdayattheEuropeanGeosciencesUnionannualmeetinginViennaaccordingtoLiveScience.BerberichandhercolleaguesdiscoveredthatredwoodantspreferredtobuildtheircoloniesrightalongactivefaultsinGermany.Theycounted15,000mounds(土堆)liningthefaults.Thesefaultsaretheplaceswheretheearthviolentlyburstsinearthquakes.Usingaspecialcamerathattrackedchangesinactivity,Berberichandhercolleaguestrackedtheantsroundtheclockforthreeyears.Theyfoundthattheants'behaviorchangedonlywhenthequakewasovermagnitude(震级)2.Therewere10earthquakesbetweenmagnitude2.0and3.2duringthisperiod,andmanysmallerones.Humanscanalsosensequakesovermagnitude2only.AccordingtoBerberich,normalantactivityconsistsofgoingaboutcollectingfoodetc.duringthedayandrestinginthenight.Butbeforeanearthquake,theantsdidn'tgobacktotheirmoundinthenightandmovedaroundoutsideit.Thisstrangeandabnormalbehaviorcontinuedtilladayaftertheearthquake,Berberichtoldanewsconference,accordingtoLiveScience.Howdoantsknowanearthquakeiscoming?BerberichsuggestedthattheycouldeitherbepickingupchanginggasemissionsornotingtinychangesintheEarth'smagneticfields(磁场).“Redwoodantshavespecialcellswhichcandetectchangesincarbondioxidelevels.Theyalsohavespecialcellsfordetectingelectromagneticfields，”shesaid.Berberichandhercolleaguesareplanningtocontinuetheresearchinareaswheretherearemoreandbiggerearthquakes.5．What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“resume”inParagraph1?A．Form. B．Avoid.C．Recover. D．Improve.6．What'sthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A．Toleadtothemaintopic.B．Todescribeanewspeciesofant.C．Tointroduceafamousresearcher.D．Totellhowtopredictanearthquake.7．Whathappenstotheantsbeforeanearthquake?A．Theyhavenoappetite.B．Theyaretooexcitedtorest.C．Theygetlostontheirwayhome.D．Theyrefusetogoinsidetheirnests.8．Whatcanweconcludefromthelastparagraph?A．Antscanonlydetectsmallerearthquakes.B．Theresultoftheresearchiscompletelyreliable.C．Antsmayhavetwowaystopredictearthquakes.D．Researchersdon'tknowhowantspredictearthquakes.Ⅱ.七选五〖2021·成都市高三诊断性检测〗Agratefulheartisasatisfiedheart.Asatisfiedheartisasimpleheartwhichleadstoasimplifiedlife.Gratitudeopensthedoortosimplicity.Butweliveinaculturethatproducesdissatisfaction.__1__Intentionallychooseit.Gratitudewillneverbearesultofyournextsuccessoraccomplishment.__2__Andyouwillneverfinditinlifeuntilyouintentionallydecidetochooseit.Countyourblessings.Anewday,awarmbed,auniquepersonality,oraspecialtalent...__3__Gratitudequicklysetsinwhenwebegintospendaquietmomenteachdayrememberingthem.Thispracticealonehasthepotentialtochangeyourheartandlifeimmeasurably.__4__Almosthalftheworldliveonlessthan$2.50aday.1.1billionpeoplehaveinadequateaccesstocleanwater.Letthosefactssinkinforjustamomentandslowlyallowgratitudetobecomepartofthesolutiontotaketheirplace.Findgratitudeindifficulty.__5__Butitcanbemoredifficultduringthetrialsoflife:thedeath,disease,orfailure.Thetruthisthatnooneisexempt(获豁免的)fromthesufferings.However,goodcanbefoundevenintheworstoftimes.Beinggratefulduringthosedifficultiesmaygetyouthroughthem.Indailylifewemustseeitisnothappinessthatmakesusgrateful,butgratefulnessthatmakesushappy.A．Ignorewhatyoudon'thave.B．Wecanlearnhowtobegrateful.C．Openyoureyestothosewithless.D．Gratitudeisavailableinyourheartrightnow.E．Youhavewonderfulthingsinyourlifealready.F．It'seasytobegratefulwhenthingsaregoingwell.G．Howcanwefindgratitudeinaworldthatseekstodestroyit?Ⅲ.短文改错〖2021·昆明市高考模拟考试〗Lucy,the5thgrader,hasaloveofwritingletters.Shewrotetohermailmantoexpressherthanksinlastweek.“Doug,youmayknowmeasapersonwhowrotelotsoflettersanddecoratestheenvelopestoo.Iwantthankyoufortakingmylettersanddeliveringit.Imakepeoplehappilywithmyletters,butyoudotoo，”Lucywrote.Thenextday,LucygotaletterfromDougthankingherforrecognizingwhichhehaddoneandtheimportancesofhisjob.Feelingmovedandinspiring,DougsharedLucy'sletteronline.Itreceivedmorethan200,000likes.限时提分练(四)Ⅰ.阅读理解A语篇类型：夹叙夹议文主题语境：人与自我——做人与做事——男人的角色和身为男人的无奈〖语篇解读〗本文主要讲的是因为家里进了一只蝙蝠，身为男人的作者被要求站出来解决这个问题，在这个过程中，作者开始思考男性的角色和身为男人的无奈。1．〖答案〗与〖解析〗D考查理解目的的能力。文章第一段主要讲的是因为家里进了一只蝙蝠，身为男人的作者被要求站出来解决这个问题，就像是半夜里被派去下楼查看是什么发出声音，这些事情让作者觉得他是被困在“男人”这个角色中了。由此可推知，作者提到“theoldfeeling”是为了强调被困住的情况，故D项正确。2．〖答案〗与〖解析〗B考查推断的能力。根据第二段中的“However,womennowadaysseemtohavethefreedomtobethemselves”以及“Yetmenappeartobe...thewayyoudoit”可知，现在女性似乎有做自己的自由，但是男性似乎更害怕做一些不同的事，就好像做男人不是做你自己，而是你所做的事情和你做事的方式。由此可推知，作者提到“women'sfreedom”，是为了与男性的境况形成对比，即男人不得不达到社会对他们的期待，故B项正确。3．〖答案〗与〖解析〗C考查推断的能力。根据最后一句“一个男人是不会说这样的事情的”并结合上文作者对男性角色和社会对男性的期待的思考可推知，此处暗示了作者会按照社会对男性的期待去做事情，故C项正确。4．〖答案〗与〖解析〗B考查推断的能力。本文主要讲的是因为家里进了一只蝙蝠，身为男人的作者被要求站出来解决这个问题，在这个过程中，作者开始思考男性的角色和受困于男性角色的不得已之处。在本篇文章中作者始终以轻松、幽默的语气来描述他的心理活动，故B项正确。B语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然——灾害防范——蚂蚁能预知地震〖语篇解读〗研究发现，蚂蚁能预知地震，原因可能在于蚂蚁体内有能够探测到二氧化碳变化和电磁场的细胞。5．〖答案〗与〖解析〗C考查词义猜测。根据画线词所在句“Theirbehaviorchangessignificantly