2022-2023学年浙江省杭州市丁桥中学高三英语模拟试卷含解析

2022-2023学年浙江省杭州市丁桥中学高三英语模拟试卷含解析一、选择题1.Ifafriendsnapsatyouorisunfriendly，stepback，andwithasenseofcompassion，trytoexperiencelifefromhis____．A．perspective

B．priority

C．privilege

D．policy参考答案：A考查名词2.China’spopulationisexpectedtoincreasetoabout1.5billion,____itwillstarttodeclineslowly.A.afterthat B.sincewhen C.onwhich

D.afterwhich参考答案：D略3.Itwasneverclear_____themanhadn'treportedtheaccidentsooner．A．that

B．what

C．when

D．why参考答案：D【知识点】名词性从句解析：It在句中是形式主语，真正的主语是why引导的主语从句。句意：这名男子没有早点报告这次事故的原因根本没有搞清楚。4.Thetestnotonlyhelpsmakeour_____acquiredknowledgepermanent,butalsoenablesustofindoutwhatneedstotakemoretimetoimprove.

A.quickly

B.presently

C.shortly

D.newly参考答案：D略5.TheChinesegovernment________thatsomerelevantcountriesinGoldenTriangleshouldinvestigateOctober5Massacre（惨案）andensurethesafetyontheMekongRiver,preventingsimilarincidentshappeningagain.A.wished

B.persuaded

C.urged

D.hoped

参考答案：C6.—Jackcan’tconcentrateonhislessonsrecently.

—Yes,thatmight______hislowscoreinthelasttest.A.standfor B. applyfor C. accountfor

D.callfor参考答案：C7.Ourhospitalpolicyisnotto______anypatient,sowewillgivetreatmenttothepoormanimmediately.A.turnoff

B.turnaway

C.

putout

D.putdown参考答案：B8.Whatatightbasketballgame!Welostit

wealltriedourbest．A．while

B．unless

C．until

D．because参考答案：A9.-Areyousatisfiedwiththeresultofthediscussion?–Notatall,Ican’thave

A、aworseone B、abetterone C、theworstone D、thebestone参考答案：A10.

---WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarupset?

---_______hernewbicycle.

A.Asshelost

B.Lost

C.Losing

D.Becauseoflosing参考答案：C11.—CanIaskforanothertwodaysoff,Mr.Zhang？—________.You’vemissedmanylessonsalready.A.Thatalldepends

B.Forgetit

C.Nevermind

D.Noproblem参考答案：A试题分析：句意：——张老师，我可以再请两天假吗？——休想。你已经缺了很多课了。Forgetit不可能，休想。Thatalldepends

视情况而定；Nevermind没关系，不用担心；Noproblem没问题。因此选A项。12.---Doyouwanttowatchthisorthenews?

---_________.It’suptoyou.A.I’measy

B.Letmesee

C.Allright

D.Ihavenoidea参考答案：a略13.ItissaidthatnuclearleakageinJapancausedbyFriday'searthquakeand_____intsunami(海啸)wouldnotaffectChina.

A.resulted

B.resulting

C.havingresulted

D.toresult

参考答案：B略14.I'mnotsurehowmuchscholarshipyouwillreceive,butitwillroughly_______yourmajorexpenses.A.swap

B.abolishC.settle

D.cover参考答案：D试题分析：句意：我不知道你会收到多少奖学金,但大约能支付日常开支的费用。A.swap交换，B.abolish废除，C.settle定居，解决，D.cover覆盖，采访，够付，答案是D。15.It’stoolate.Gotobedrightaway.Forgetyouneedtogetupasearlyasyoucan______theearlytrain?A.catch

B.catching

C.caught

D.tocatch参考答案：D16.―Hurryup!AliceandSuearewaitingforyouattheschoolgate.―Oh!Ithoughtthey______withoutme.A.went

B.aregoing

C.hadgone

D.havegone参考答案：C34.Canyouimaginethatasmartmanlikehim___________makesuchastupidmistake?A.might

B.should

C.would

D.need参考答案：B略二、新的题型18.Whywouldhumanbeingswasteathirdoftheirlivessleepingwhentheycouldbedoingmoreimportantthingslikelookingaftertheirfamiliesorworking?Somescientistsbelievesleepinghelpsrechargethebody,whileothersthinkitisimportantforstrengtheningnewly-formedmemories.Now,thereisnewevidencewhichsuggeststhatthepurposeofsleepmaybetoforgetsomeofthemillionsofnewthingswelearneachday.Theneuronsinthehumanbrainconsistoffiberscalleddendrites(树突).Thesegrowaswelearnnewthingsandconnectthebrain’scellstoeachotheratcontactpointscalledsynapses(突触).Thelargerthedendritesbecomeandthemorecellstheyconnect,themoreinformationwestore.In2018,GiulioTononiandChiaraCirelli,bothbiologistsattheUniversityofWisconsin-Madison,suggestedanewidea:Thethingsourbrainslearneachdayresultinsomanysynapsesthatthingsstarttogetalittlemessy.Sleepingallowsustosortthrough(整理)the“noise”anddispensealltheunnecessaryinformation,leavingbehindonlythemostimportantmemories.Recently,theuniversity’sresearchhasprovideddirectevidencetosupportthetheory.Theexperimentinvolvedanalyzing6,920synapsesinthebrainshavingsfromtwogroupsofmiceoverafour-yearperiod;onegrouphadbeenallowedtosleep,whiletheotherhadbeenkeptawakeandentertainedwithtoys.Theresearchersdiscoveredthatthebrainshavingsofthesleepingmicehadnearly20percentfewersynapsesthanthosethathadbeenkeptawakeandentertained.Itwasalsoevidentduringthestudythatthebraindoesnotshaveeverysynapse.20%ofneuronsremainedunchanged;theseweremostlikelywell-establishedmemories.Therefore,althoughwemaybesleepingtoforgetsomeofwhatwe’velearned,thebrain“forgets”inasmartway.Mostresearchersbelieveclearingourbrainsisnottheonlypurposeofsleep.Restingourmindsandbodieshasalsobeenfoundtohelpwithotherbiologicalfunctionslikestrengtheningourimmunity.Thoughscientistsmayneveragreeonasinglereason,theyareallsureofonething－agoodnight’srestisessentialforourhealth.Sotryandspendatleastathirdofyourdaysleeping!56.What’sthenewdiscoveryaboutthepurposeofsleepingaccordingtothetext?(nomorethan15words)_________________________________________________________________________57.What’sthemainideaofParagraph2?(nomorethan10words)_________________________________________________________________________58.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dispense”inParagraph3probablymean?(nomorethan5words)_________________________________________________________________________59.Whatagreementdoallthescientistsprobablyreachaboutsleepingaccordingtothetext?(nomorethan10words)_________________________________________________________________________60.Whatkindofsleepinghabitdoyouhave?Pleaseexplain.(nomorethan25words)_________________________________________________________________________参考答案：56.Toforgetsomeofthemillionsofnewthingswelearneachday.

57.Howtheneuronsinthehumanbrainhelpstoreinformation.

58.Getridof./Doawaywith./Takeout./Remove.

59.Agoodnight’srestisessentialforourhealth.

60.Iusuallysleepearlyandgetupearly,whichisagoodsleephabitandhelpsmekeepenergeticduringthedaytime.(Open)【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了睡眠是为了帮助我们清理大脑里的一些无用信息，同时睡眠也是为了帮助我们恢复身体疲劳，让我们能够更好的学习和生活。【56题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Now,thereisnewevidencewhichsuggeststhatthepurposeofsleepmaybetoforgetsomeofthemillionsofnewthingswelearneachday.（现在，有新的证据表明，睡眠的目的可能是忘记我们每天学习的数百万新事物中的一些）可知新的研究发现睡觉的目的是为了忘记我们每天学习的数百万新事物中的一些。故答Toforgetsomeofthemillionsofnewthingswelearneachday.【57题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段Theneuronsinthehumanbrainconsistoffiberscalleddendrites.（人类大脑中的神经元由称为树突的纤维组成）以及后文主要说明了人类大脑中的神经元如何帮助储存信息，故第二段主旨大意是人类大脑中的神经元如何帮助储存信息。故答Howtheneuronsinthehumanbrainhelpstoreinformation.【58题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段Sleepingallowsustosortthroughthe“noise”.leavingbehindonlythemostimportantmemories可知睡眠让我们能够对“噪音”进行分类,能让我们从“噪音”中筛选出所有不必要的信息，只留下最重要的记忆。故可知划线单词意思为“摆脱，删除”，故答Getridof./Doawaywith./Takeout./Remove.【59题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中Thoughscientistsmayneveragreeonasinglereason,theyareallsureofonething－agoodnight’srestisessentialforourhealth.（尽管科学家们可能永远不会在一个单一的原因上达成一致，但他们都确信一件事——一夜好眠对我们的健康至关重要）可知所有的科学家一致同意晚上好好休息对我们的健康很重要。故答Agoodnight’srestisessentialforourhealth.【60题详解】本题为开放性题目，言之有理即可。如可答“我通常早睡早起，这是一个良好的睡眠习惯，帮助我在白天保持精力充沛。”。故答Iusuallysleepearlyandgetupearly,whichisagoodsleephabitandhelpsmekeepenergeticduringthedaytime.【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为①定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用referto，becalled或that’stosay，suchas等。②逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,thesameas,but,however,while,ontheotherhand,since,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。③语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。④语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。如第三小题，根据上文Sleepingallowsustosortthroughthe“noise”leavingbehindonlythemostimportantmemories.可知睡眠让我们能够对“噪音”进行分类,能让我们从“噪音”中筛选出所有不必要的信息，只留下最重要的记忆。故可知划线单词意思为“摆脱，删除”，故答Getridof./Doawaywith./Takeout./Remove.⑤指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。三、阅读理解19.Howtolookgoodinaphoto?Whatshouldyoudoifyouwanttohaveanicephototaken?Whetherit'sworkorfun,themostimportantthingislighting．Ifyougetbadlighting,youwilllookbad,too．Knowwherethelightis．Youdon'twantitbelowyouoraboveyou,youwantittoshinedirectlyatyou． Thekeythingisnoshadow．Ifyouarebeingphotographedoutside,doitinthemorning,orwaittillthe2o'clockshadowhaspassed．Alsodon'tletpicturesinthemagazinesstressyouout—allthepicturesaretakenbygreatphotographers．Andallthefaceshavehadpimples（丘疹，粉刺）

takenoutbycomputers．

Tipyourheadandlearnwhatanglesworkwithyourface;everyoneisdifferent．Soyouhavetolearnwhatsuitsyou．YoucanpracticeinPhotoBoothforaslongasitisyourturn,tolearnwhatanglessuityourface．Tipyournecktomakeitlooklonger,makeeyecontactwiththecamera．Noonecanlookbadiftheysmile．

Forlonglegs,pointonelegintocenteroftheframe