中考英语人教版语法专项复习 专题四 代词

中考英语人教版专项复习专题四代词目录01.解析02.模拟考题01解析图解语法考点1

人称代词、物主代词与反身代词人称代词物主代词反身代词主格宾格形容词性名词性第一人称单数I1._____________________复数we2._________________________第二人称单数you3.___________________________复数you4._____________________________memyminemyselfusouroursourselvesyouyouryoursyourselfyouyouryoursyourselves人称代词物主代词反身代词主格宾格形容词性名词性第三人称单数he5._____________________she6.______________________it7._________________复数they8.______________________________补充说明：请根据提示补全上表所缺信息。himhishishimselfherherhersherselfititsitsitselfthemtheirtheirsthemselves续表代词it的常见用法1.指代上文中提到过的事物［2017.32］I

caught

the

ball

and

threw

it

back.我接住球，把它扔了回去。2.指代时间、地点、距离、天气、温度等It

is

raining

outside.

外面在下雨。3.it常用于以下句型：①It's+adj.（+for/of

sb.）+to

do

sth.

"做某事（对于某人来说）是……的/（某人）做某事是……的"②It's

time

for/that/to

do...

"是（做）……的时间了"③It's

one's

turn

to

do

sth.

"轮到某人做某事"④It

seems

that..."好像……"⑤It

takes

（sb.）+一段时间+to

do

sth.

"做某事花费（某人）多长时间"it/one［2018.33］考点用法it指代上文中提到的同一事物one指代上文中提到的同类事物中的一个（同类不同物）请结合语境及代词的用法试练如下题目：9.The

company

has

produced

some

new

electric

cars.

We

decide

to

buy

___.CA.them

B.that

C.one

D.it10.I

have

a

red

pen

and

________

writes

well.

So

I

plan

to

buy

another

________

for

my

brother.(

)

DA.it;

it

B.one;

it

C.one;

one

D.it;

one形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的用法

形容词性物主代词修饰名词，相当于形容词；名词性物主代词相当于名词，试比较：This

is

his

book.

My

book

is

over

there.=This

book

is

his.

Mine

is

over

there.这是他的书。我的书在那里。反身代词的用法反身代词常用作宾语，常见搭配如下：by

oneself

单独；独立地

dress

oneself

给自己穿衣服enjoy

oneself玩得愉快

help

oneself

（to）自己取teach

oneself=learn

sth.by

oneself自学【注意】解答该类题目时，除了要考虑代词的意义及固定用法外，还应根据关键词，厘清人物关系及题目所要表达的信息。请结合语境试练如下题目：11.The

movie

is

quite

moving.

It

shows

parents'

love

for

___

children.CA.your

B.her

C.their

D.his12.No

one

taught

the

old

lady

how

to

use

WeChat.

She

learned

it

by

___.DA.yourself

B.myself

C.himself

D.herself考点2

指示代词单数复数用法thisthese表时间、空间上的"近指"thatthose表时间、空间上的"远指"试比较：①I

like

this

car

better

than

that

one

over

there.与那边那辆车相比，我更喜欢这一辆。②These

are

animals

and

those

are

plants.

这些是动物，那些是植物。请结合语境及代词的用法试练如下题目：13.—What

are

___,

do

you

know?—I

think

they

are

smartwatches.CA.it

B.this

C.those

D.thatthat和those的用法1.that和those均可指代上文提及的内容

that指代上文提及的可数名词单数或不可数名词,those指代上文提及的可数名词复数，且二者均可用于比较结构中。如：①The

values

of

today's

young

people

are

different

from

those

of

their

parents.

如今年轻人的价值观与他们父母的不同。②

The

weather

in

Beijing

is

colder

than

that

in

Guangzhou

in

winter.

在冬天，北京的天气比广州的冷。2.that可用在电话用语中

在电话用语中，this指代自己，that指代对方。—This

is

Jill.

Who's

that？我是吉尔。你是哪位？—Hey,

Jill.

This

is

Mary.

嘿，吉尔。我是玛丽。考点3

不定代词普通不定代词

常考的易混淆的普通不定代词主要有以下几组：1.some/any考点用法例句some表示"一些"，一般用于肯定句中You'll

find

some

there.你会在那里找到一些。在一些表示委婉地提议或请求的疑问句中，可用someWhy

not

have

some?

为什么不来一点呢？any表示"一些（人或事物）"，一般用于疑问句或否定句中I

need

some

salt;

there

isn't

any

left.我需要一些盐，已经用光了。表示"任一"，常用于肯定句中I'll

take

any

you

don't

want.你不要的我拿走。2.many/much/（a）

few/（a）

little考点用法例句many许多;很多a

few一些;几个（肯定）few几乎没有（否定）指代可数名词I've

read

a

few

of

her

books.我读过她的几本书。much许多;很多a

little一点（肯定）little几乎没有（否定）指代不可数名词—It'll

taste

better

with

some

sugar.

Let's

add

a

little.

有点糖，味道会更好。我们加点吧。—But

there

is

little

in

the

jar.

但罐子里几乎没糖了。3.the

other/others/the

others/another考点用法例句the

other特指"两个中的另一个"，常与one连用，构成"one...，the

other..."I

have

two

uncles.

One

is

a

teacher

and

the

other

is

a

doctor.

我有两个叔叔。一个是老师，另一个是医生。others泛指"其他的（人或物）",相当于"other+复数名词"，不能作定语，常与some连用，构成"some...，others..."Some

like

baseball，

and

others

like

football.一些人喜欢棒球，而另一些人喜欢足球。考点用法例句the

others特指"其余所有的（人或物）"，相当于"the

other+复数名词"，不能作定语I

don't

like

this

one,

and

show

me

the

others.

我不喜欢这个，把其余的都拿来给我看看吧。another泛指"（不定数目中的）另一个"I

don't

like

this

dress.

Show

me

another.

我不喜欢这条裙子。让我看看另一条吧。续表4.either［2014.45］/neither［2016.33］/both/all/none考点用法

与两者相关either表示"（两者中的）任何一个"，作主语时，谓语动词用单数neither表示"两者都不"，可与of连用，谓语动词通常用单数both表示"两者都"，可与of连用，谓语动词用复数与三者及以上相关all表示"（三者或三者以上）全部"，作主语时，谓语动词的单复数受其后名词的影响none表示"（三者或三者以上中）没有一个"【注意】上述这组辨析是安徽中考的常考考点，解答含此类考点的题目时，要在辨析词义的基础上，关注语境所暗含的指代关系，锁定关键词，从而做出正确的判断。请试练如下题目：14.—Where

will

you

go

on

vacation,

Kunming

or

Sanya?—___

is

possible.

It's

up

to

my

mom.BA.Both

B.Either

C.None

D.All15.—Which

one

do

you

want,

apple

juice

or

orange

juice?—___.

A

glass

of

water

is

exactly

what

I

want.CA.Both

B.Either

C.Neither

D.None16.—Which

of

these

two

ties

will

you

take?—I'll

take

___

so

that

I

can

change

sometimes.BA.either

B.both

C.neither

D.all17.—All

the

volunteers

were

very

tired,

but

___

of

them

had

a

rest.—They

were

busy

helping

the

firemen.DA.both

B.neither

C.all

D.none复合不定代词初中阶段常见的复合不定代词：-onesomeoneanyoneeveryoneno

one-bodysomebodyanybodyeverybodynobody-thingsomethinganythingeverythingnothing1.复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数①Someone

is

knocking

at

the

door.

有人在敲门。②Nothing

is

impossible

to

a

willing

heart.

世上无难事，只怕有心人。2.复合不定代词+形容词/else当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词时，形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词之后。如：I

found

something

interesting

in

English

learning.

我发现英语学习的有趣之处了。常考的复合不定代词辨析考点用法

something［2019.33］意为"某事；某物"，常用于肯定句中；还可以用在表示邀请、请求或希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中anything意为"某事；某物"时，通常用在否定句或疑问句中；还可以用在肯定句中，此时表示"任何事情；任何东西"nothing［2022.22］意为"没有任何东西；没有任何事"，相当于not...anything考点用法

everything意为"所有东西；每件事"somebody意为"某人"nobody［2020.26;2016.49］意为"没有人"【注意】复合不定代词的辨析是安徽中考的常考考点，请结合语境及复合不定代词的用法，试练如下题目：续表18.Will

you

come

over

to

my

home?

I

have

___

special

to

show

you.DA.anything

B.everything

C.nothing

D.something19.—Look！Our

hall

looks

clean

and

tidy.—Yeah,

___

has

cleaned

it.AA.somebody

B.anybody

C.everybody

D.nobody20.___

is

allowed

to

swim

in

this

river

because

it

could

be

very

dangerous.DA.Somebody

B.Anybody

C.Everybody

D.Nobody考点4

疑问代词考点用法例句who对人称代词主格和宾格进行提问Who

sits

in

front

of

you?谁坐在你的前面？whom对人称代词宾格进行提问Whom

are

you

waiting

for?你在等谁？whose对物主代词进行提问Whose

ball

are

you

going

to

borrow?

你打算借谁的球？考点用法例句what［2015.31］对具体内容进行提问What

are

they

talking

about？他们在谈论什么？which对指定范围内的"哪个"进行提问Which

movie

do

you

prefer？你更喜欢哪一部电影？续表1.所有疑问代词均可用作连接词，引导宾语从句。①I

don't

know

who

will

come.

我不知道谁会来。②No

one

knows

what

will

happen.

没人知道将会发生什么。③Do

you

know

which

is

right?

你知道哪个是对的吗？含what的常考句型（1）询问意见：①What

about...？

……怎么样?②What

do

you

think

of...？

你认为……怎么样？③What

would

you

like

to...？

你想……？（2）询问职业［2015.31］：What

is

sb.?=What

does

sb.

do?

某人是做什么的？（3）询问外貌：What

does

sb.

look

like?

某人长什么样？（4）询问性格：What

is

sb.

like？

某人怎么样？（5）询问天气：What

is

the

weather

like？天气怎么样？2.疑问代词（除what

外）可用作关系代词，引导定语从句。

①Here

is

the

man

who

you

want

to

see.

你想见的人在这里。②I

prefer

the

book

which

is

educational.

我更喜欢具有教育意义的书。语境小测★人称代词1.—Hi,

Bob!

I

plan

to

fly

kites

in

the

park

this

Sunday.

Will

you

come?—Good

idea!

Remember

to

call

___

then.BA.you

B.me

C.her

D.him2.The

couple

have

a

daughter.

They

called

___

Amy.AA.her

B.him

C.you

D.me3.—This

is

Tom's

English

book.

Where's

___?—Look,

here

it

is.

Your

name

is

on

it.CA.his

B.yours

C.mine

D.hers★不定代词4.—Several

excellent

Chinese

films

will

be

shown

during

the

National

Day

holidays.—Really?

Let

me

check

them

online.

I

don't

want

to

miss

___.BA.it

B.any

C.none

D.one5.There

was

___

to

eat

at

home,

so

I

went

out

to

get

some

food.BA.anything

B.nothing

C.something

D.everything6.—Four

children

were

walking

under

a

small

umbrella.

___

of

them

got

wet.

Can

you

guess

why?—Because

it

was

not

raining!BA.All

B.None

C.Most

D.Some★其他代词7.The

gravity

on

Mars（火星上的重力）

is

only

about

three

eighths

of

___

on

the

Earth.AA.that

B.those

C.one

D.ones8.—Liz,

___do

you

want

to

thank

most?—Mr.

Liu.

I

won't

pass

this

exam

without

his

help.BA.how

B.who

C.what

D.when语篇提升

阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。others

their

him

it

we

mine

one

her

Today,

working

out

through

online

videos

becomes

popular.

Since

the

Internet

is

widely

used,

1.___

is

very

easy

for

us

to

do

so.

That

means

2.____

can

work

out

anywhere

and

anytime.itwe

3._____

of

my

friends,

Lin

Fei,

followed

short

workout

videos

to

do

daily

exercise.

She

said

with

live

programs,

she

felt

like

working

out

with

4._____

friends.

It

encouraged

her

to

hold

on

to

the

last

minute.

Another

friend

of

5.______,

Michael,

told

me

that

workout

videos

let

6._____

feel

so

comfortable.

"I

dislike

working

out

at

the

gym

（健身房）,

because

I

don't

like

being

watched

by

7._______,"

he

said.

With

8.______

examples,

I

decided

to

follow

an

online

workout

program.

After

the

first

period

of

training,

I

felt

it

really

helpful.Oneherminehimotherstheir02模拟考题单项填空1.[2023成都中考改编]

—Gina,

have

you

seen

my

textbook?—Oh,

sorry.

I

took

___

by

mistake.BA.mine

B.yours

C.hers

D.ours2.[2023云南中考]

The

boy

is

from

Yunnan,

and

___

name

is

Li

Hua.AA.his

B.her

C.their

D.your3.Three

Chinese

astronauts

were

sent

into

space

and

___

journey

will

last

about

180

days.DA.our

B.your

C.his

D.their4.Learning

is

a

lifelong

journey.

We

have

enough

time

to

learn

to

perfect

___.AA.ourselves

B.themselves

C.yourselves

D.himself5.[2023泸州中考]

—There

are

two

books

about

Chinese

traditional

tea-making

culture.—You're

free

to

take

___

of

them

and

leave

one

for

me.BA.all

B.either

C.neither

D.none6.[2023本溪中考]

I

tried

to

buy

the

dictionary

in

two

bookstores,

but

___

of

them

had

it.CA.both

B.all

C.neither

D.none7.—Where

is

Sarah？Did

you

see

her？—Oh,

I

saw

___

talking

with

her

at

the

door.BA.anybody

B.somebody

C.everybody

D.nobody8.—In

this

book,

it

says

it

is

no

use

keeping

an

English

diary

every

day.