译林版高中英语选择性必修第四册UNIT2泛读技能初养成学案

阅读“Extendedreading”中的材料，选出最佳选项1．Whichisnotaborrowedwordinthesentence“Thesushirestaurant'smenuwasconfusing.”？A．was B．sushiC．restaurant D．confusing2．Accordingtothepassage，whichoneisnottrue?A．Wordborrowinghasbeenoccurringforthousandsofyears.B．Wordsareborrowedatafasterspeedthanbefore.C．Someborrowedwordsevensoundlikethenativelanguage.D．Borrowedwordscannotbeavoided.[答案]1—2ADeq\a\vs4\al(知识要点1)preferencen．偏爱；偏爱的事物[例]Ican'tsaythatIhaveanyparticularpreference.我说不出自己有什么特别偏好。[知识拓展](1)givepreferenceto... 给……以优惠；优先考虑……haveapreferencefor 喜爱；偏好……(2)prefervt. 更喜欢；选择某事物 (而不选择其他事物)prefersb.todosth. 宁愿某人做某事；更喜欢某人去做某事preferthat... 更喜欢……，宁愿……preferdoingsth.todoingsth. 和做某事相比更喜欢做某事prefertodosth.ratherthando... 更喜欢做某事，而不……[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Somepeopleeatwiththeireyes.Theyprefertoorder(order)whatlooksnice.②Ihavethistheorythatmostpeoplepreferbeingatworktobeing(be)athome.③Wegivepreferencetothose(给那些人优先权)whohaveworkedwithusforalongtime.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点2)embarrassedadj.窘迫的，尴尬的；拮据的[例]Somewomenaretooembarrassedtoconsulttheirdoctorabouttheproblem.有些妇女太害羞，不愿就这个问题向医生咨询。[知识拓展](1)beembarrassedabout/at 对……感到尴尬(2)embarrassingadj. 令人窘迫的，使人难堪的embarrassmentn. 困窘，尴尬(3)embarrassvt. 使窘迫；使尴尬embarrasssb.withsth… 因……使某人尴尬[即学即练]单句语法填空①Don'tembarrassthemwithpersonalquestions.②Shewasembarrassed(embarrass)whentheykepttellingherhowclevershewas.③Itcanbeembarrassing(embarrass)forchildrentotellcompletestrangersaboutsuchincidents.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点3)intentionn．意图，计划[例]Hehasannouncedhisintentiontoretire.他已经宣布他退休的打算。[知识拓展](1)byintention 故意havenointentionofdoingsth. 无意做某事withtheintentionof 抱有……目的withoutintention 无意中；不是故意地(2)intendv. 想要，打算；计划intendtodosth. 想要做某事beintendedtodo/for... 用来做……/打算为……所用[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①YouknowIhavenointentionofbeing(be)awkwardandobstreperous.②Thesegarmentsareintendedforprofessionalsportspeople.③Hereturnedwiththeintentionofspendingnewyearwithhisfamily(带着和他的家人一起过新年的目的).eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点4)correspondvi.类似于；相一致，符合；通信[例]Youraccountofeventsdoesnotcorrespondwithhers.你对事情的陈述与她说的不相符。[知识拓展](1)correspondto/with 符合，一致correspondwith 和……通信(2)correspondencen. 一致，相当；来往书信incorrespondencewith 与……一致[即学即练]单句语法填空①Thewrittenrecordoftheconversationdoesn'tcorrespondto/withwhatwasactuallysaid.②Theeditorwelcomescorrespondence(correspond)fromreadersonanysubject.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点5)behavevi.&vt.表现得体，有礼貌；表现[例]Thedoctorbehavedveryunprofessionally.那位医生的做法十分不专业。[知识拓展](1)behavewell/badlytowardssb. 对某人态度好/恶劣behaveoneself 表现得体；守规矩(2)behaviourn. 行为；举止；习性beonone'sgood/badbehaviour 举止(不)规矩；行为(不)检点[即学即练]单句语法填空①Hewasangrytoseehissonbehavebadly(bad)attheparty.②Behaveyourself(you)andbecarefulaboutwhatyousayordo.③Makesurethatgoodbehaviour(behave)isrewarded.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点6)toleratevt.容许，允许；忍受，容忍；能经受[例]Thissortofbehaviourwillnotbetolerated.这种行为是不能容许的。[知识拓展](1)tolerate(sb.)doingsth./stand(sb.)doingsth./bearsb.doingsth. 容忍∕忍受(某人)做某事(2)tolerantadj. 宽容的；容忍的betolerantof/to/towards 对……宽容(3)tolerancen. 宽容，忍受；忍耐力tolerableadj. 可以接受的，可忍受的[即学即练]单句语法填空①Hecan'ttoleratepeoplesmoking(smoke)whiletheyareeating.②Hehasaverytolerant(tolerate)attitudetowardsotherreligions.③Theyhaveapolicyofzerotolerance(tolerate)formistakes.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点7)opposevt.反对，抵制；与……对垒[例]HegotangrywhenIopposedhisplan.当我反对他的计划时，他生气了。[知识拓展](1)beopposedto 反对；反抗asopposedto 相对之下，与……对照下(2)oppositionn. 反对，对立inoppositionto 反对[即学即练]完成句子/单句语法填空①Hisdaughterisveryathleticasopposedtohisson(与他儿子相比)，whoisveryclever.②Weareopposedtotheideaofdrivingthecartoofast.③Theyareonstrikeinopposition(oppose)tothelay­off.eq\a\vs4\al(重点句式1)thisisbecause...(教材原句P21)Thisisbecausethewordthatcorrespondsto“umbrella”inChinesesoundslikeanotherChinesewordwhichmeans“toseparate”．这是因为汉语中与“伞”相对应的汉字听起来像另一个汉字，意思是“散”。句式分析：本句中的thisisbecause...表示“这是因为……”；because引导表语从句，后面跟的是表示原因的从句。[例1]Thisisbecausetheykeepworkingeveryday.这是因为他们每天都在工作。[例2]Thisisbecausepeoplebecomesohungryatnoonthattheyeattoomuchforlunch.这是因为人们中午太饿了以至于午饭吃得特别多。[知识拓展]This/Thatiswhy...表示“这/那就是为什么……”，后面跟表示结果的从句。Thereasonwhy...isthat...表示“……的原因是……”。[即学即练]句型转换/单句语法填空①Hewaslateforschool.Thatwasbecausehedidn'tcatchthefirstbus.→Hedidn'tcatchthefirstbus.Thatwaswhyhewaslateforschool．→Thereasonwhyhewaslateforschoolisthathedidn'tcatchthefirstbus.②ThatiswhytheculturalindustryinChinaisneeded.eq\a\vs4\al(重点句式2)themore...，themore...(教材原句P25)Thelongeraborrowedwordhasbeeninuse，themoreitsoundsandevenlookslikethenativelanguage.借来的词使用的时间越长，听起来甚至看起来就越像母语。句式分析：the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)，the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)句型表示后者随着前者的变化而变化，该句型意为“越……,越……”。[例1]Thehigherthealtitudeis，thethinnerairthebecomes.高度越高，空气就越稀薄。[例2]Themoreyoupractice，thebetteryoucanspeak.你练习得越多，你就能说得越好。[知识拓展](1)前者相当于一个条件句，因此，若主句的谓语动词用一般将来时，从句的谓语动词要用一般现在时表示将来。(2)themore...，themore... 越……，就越……themore...，theless... 越……，越不……theless...，themore... 越不……，就越……[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Theharderyouwork，thegreater(great)progressyouwillmake.②Thelonger(long)thewarlasts，themorethepeopletherewillsuffer.③Thelessheworried，thebetterheworked(工作就干得越好).标题归纳题标题归纳题在英语阅读理解题中属于主旨大意题，是深层理解题，它要求考生在通读全文的基础上，认真分析文章大意及作者的写作意图。[例文]Ofthemanyinfluencesonhumanbehavior，socialinfluencesarethemostwidespread.Themaininfluenceonpeopleispeople.Whenwehearthewords，socialinfluence，mostofusthinkofdeliberateattemptsofsomeonetopersuadeustochangeouractionsoropinions.TheTVadcomestomind.Butmanyofthemostimportantformsofsocialinfluenceareunintentional，andsomeoftheeffectswehumanshaveononeanotheroccurasaresultofthesimplefactthatweareineachother'sphysicalpresence.[方法技巧]了解文章主要论题的关键是找到全文的主题句。主题句通常在文章首段，但是也可能在文章的末段、在文章的某一段落，或者分散在文章的各个段落中。如果每个段落都有主题句，那么把各段落的主题句的中心思想集中起来，即为全文的主题句。◆Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．CoactionMakesFasterB．SocialInfluenceC．AnInterestingObservationD．EffectofAudiencePresence[答案]B[即学即练]Losingweightc