译林版高中英语选择性必修第三册UNIT3泛读技能初养成学案

阅读“Extendedreading”中的材料，选出最佳选项1．Whatdidn'tRusselldobeforebreakfastthatday?A．Hemadehisbed．B．Hecleanedtheroom．C．Heworehisuniform．D．HewokeupLouis．2．Whatcanweknowfromparagraph2?A．Manyeaglescircledabovetheship．B．Manysoldiersdivedintothesea．C．Theattackcamesuddenly．D．Russellstoppedtheflowofhisblood．3．WhydoestheauthorthinkRussellwaslucky?A．Hesufferedminorinjuries．B．Hereceivedpropertreatment．C．Hewasnotthrownintothesea．D．Hefoundalifeboat．4．Howmanyfullpairsoutofthe37setsofbrotherssurvivedtheattack?A．37． B．1．C．2． D．Notmentioned．5．Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheattack?A．Unexpected，destructive,andunforgettable．B．Predictable,huge,andremarkable．C．Surprising,fortunate,andnormal．D．Terrible，confusingandshallow．[答案]1－5DCBBAeq\a\vs4\al(知识要点1)astonishvt．使十分惊讶，使吃惊[例]Sheastonishedusbysayingshewasleaving．她说她要离开，令我们大为吃惊。[知识拓展](1)beastonishedat/bysth． 对某事感到惊讶beastonishedtosee/learn．．．看到/得知……感觉很惊讶beastonished＋that从句 对……感到惊讶(2)astonishingadj． 令人惊讶的(指事物本身的特征)astonishedadj． 感到惊讶的(指人的主观感受)(3)astonishmentn． 惊讶toone'sastonishment 让某人惊讶的是……inastonishment 惊讶地[即学即练]——单句语法填空①Hewasastonishedtosee(see)hisfatherhere．②Weareallgreatlyastonishedthatshehasfailed．③Tomyastonishment(astonish)，themanliftedtherockeffortlessly．eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点2)sortout理顺，整理；把……安排好[例]Thechildissortingoutthebricksintodifferentcolors．那孩子正在按不同的颜色对砖块进行分类。[知识拓展]sortsth．out 把……分类sortoneselfout 解决某人自身问题sortsb．out 整治某人sort．．．into．．． 把……整理成……[即学即练]——单句语法填空①We'reinastateofcompletechaoshereandIneedalittletimetosortmyself(me)out．②I'llsoonsorthimout．Justletmegetmyhandsonhim!③Rubbishcaneasilybeseparatedandsortedintoplastics，glassandpaper．eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点3)availableadj．可获得的，可找到的；有空的[例]Whenwilltheinformationbemadeavailable?何时才可以了解到情况？[知识拓展](1)beavailableto 为……可利用/得到beavailablefrom 从……处可获得makesth．availablefor/tosb． 使某人可以享受某物(2)availabilityn． 可用性；利用[即学即练]——单句语法填空①Theauthoritymustmakesuitableaccommodationavailabletothefamily．②Allingredientsarereadilyavailablefromyourlocalstore．③Thenatureandavailability(available)ofmaterialevidencewasnottobediscussed．eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点4)contraryadj．相对的，相对立的；截然不同的[例]Thecontraryviewisthatprisonprovidesanexcellenteducation—incrime．截然不同的看法是，监狱在犯罪方面提供极好的教育。[知识拓展]onthecontrary 与此相反，恰恰相反tothecontrary 相反的，相反地quitethecontrary 恰恰相反，正相反[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Heisnotpoor；onthecontrary，heisamillionaire．②I'llexpecttoseeyouonSundayunlessIhearanythingtothecontrary．③Contrarytopopularbelief(与普遍的看法相反)，manyrabbitsdon'tlikecarrots．eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点5)adoptvt．采用，采取；表决采纳；领养，收养vi．领养，收养[例]Allthreeteamsadopteddifferentapproachestotheproblem．三个队处理这个问题的方法各不相同。[知识拓展](1)adoptanidea 采纳建议adoptanapproach 采取方法(2)adoptedadj． 被收养的；被采纳的(3)adoptionn． 采纳，采用；收养[即学即练]——单句语法填空①SheproducedaTVseriesaboutadopted(adopt)children．②Thesenatorurgedagainsttheadoption(adopt)ofthemeasure．eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点6)comparisonn．对比；比较[例]Thecomparisonshowsconsiderabledisagreementbetweentheoryandpractice．这一对比表明理论和实践之间有相当大的出入。[知识拓展](1)by/incomparison(withsb．/sth．) (与某人/某物)相比较makeacomparison 进行比较(2)comparevt． 比较；比作compareAwithB 把A和B进行比较compareAtoB 把A比作Bcomparewith/to．．． 和……相比[即学即练]——单句语法填空①Isthehumanheartweakincomparisonwiththeotherorgans?②Wecarefullycomparedthefirstreportwiththesecond．③Icanonlycomparetheexperiencetofallinginlove．eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点7)freezevi．&vt．突然停止，呆住；结冰；冻僵[例]Theclothesfrozesolidonthewashing­line．衣服在晒衣绳上冻成了硬块。[知识拓展](1)freezetodeath (把某人)冻死(2)freezingadj． 冰冷的；极冷的below/abovefreezing 冰冻以下/上thefreezingpoint 冰点freezingcold 极冷(3)frozenadj． (河、湖等)结冰的；冷冻的，冷藏的[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Thisafternoon'ssunshinecouldnudgethetemperatureabovefreezing(freeze)．②Thetemperatureremainedbelowthefreezingpoint(冰点以下)throughouttheday．③Putanothercoaton，oryou'llfreezetodeathoutthere(否则你在那里会冻死的)．数字计算类数字计算类阅读理解题属于细节理解题的范畴，那么我们如何做数字计算类的题目？[例文]ThenumberofBritishstudentsgoingtoUSuniversitieshasbeenclimbingsteadilyoverthepastdecade．Thelatestavailablefigures(from2017－2018)show11，460BritishstudentsarechoosingtostudyintheUS．Thisrepresentsasmalldrop(0.3%)fromthepreviousyear，showingthatAmericandegreesremainapopularchoice．◆HowmanyBritishstudentswenttoUSuniversitiesin2016－2017?A．11，495． B．11，460．C．11，425． D．14，898．[技巧点拨]先理解文章的大意，然后经过对比、分析、计算等就能够得出正确的答案。仔细分析题干，抓牢关键词。运用数学公式计算，注意巧算。A[根据文章第一段内容可知，11460名留学生是去年的0.997倍。因此，2016－2017年美国大学的英国留学生是11495名，故选A项。][即学即练]——请快速准确地计算出下面数字计算题ValueformoneyIt'snotcheap—adult：￡15，5­to16­year­olds：￡12，butonceyou'vepaidyoucanrevisitas