MOOC 学术英语阅读-广东工业大学 中国大学慕课答案

MOOC学术英语阅读-广东工业大学中国大学慕课答案1.1In-ClassPractice1、问题：Anacademicdefinitionhasthreecompulsorycomponents(1)atermtobedefined;(2)thegeneralclassthatthetargettermbelongsto;(3)thedifferentiatingfeaturesofthetargetterm.Pleaseidentifytowhichcategoriestheunderlinedpartisinthefollowingdefinition.Barometerisameteorologicalinstrumentusedforthemeasurementofatmosphericpressure.选项：A、Atermtobedefined;B、Thegeneralclassthatthetargettermbelongsto;C、Differentiatingfeaturesofthetargetterm;D、/正确答案:【Thegeneralclassthatthetargettermbelongsto;】2、问题：Anacademicdefinitionhasthreecompulsorycomponents(1)atermtobedefined;(2)thegeneralclassthatthetargettermbelongsto;(3)thedifferentiatingfeaturesofthetargetterm.Pleaseidentifytowhichcategoriestheunderlinedpartisinthefollowingdefinition.Themetabolicrateofananimalisameasureoftheoverallenergyneedsthatmustbemetbytheanimalingestionanddigestionoffood.选项：A、Atermtobedefined;B、Thegeneralclassthatthetargettermbelongsto;C、Differentiatingfeaturesofthetargetterm;D、/正确答案:【Atermtobedefined;】3、问题：Anacademicdefinitionhasthreecompulsorycomponents(1)atermtobedefined;(2)thegeneralclassthatthetargettermbelongsto;(3)thedifferentiatingfeaturesofthetargetterm.Pleaseidentifytowhichcategoriestheunderlinedpartisinthefollowingdefinitions.Salinityistheamountofsaltdissolvedinaparticularvolumeofwater.选项：A、Atermtobedefined;B、Thegeneralclassthatthetargettermbelongsto;C、Differentiatingfeaturesofthetargetterm;D、/正确答案:【Differentiatingfeaturesofthetargetterm;】4、问题：Anacademicdefinitionhasthreecompulsorycomponents(1)atermtobedefined;(2)thegeneralclassthatthetargettermbelongsto;(3)thedifferentiatingfeaturesofthetargetterm.Pleaseidentifytowhichcategoriestheunderlinedpartisinthefollowingdefinitions.Airflowisthedistributionofmovementofair.选项：A、Atermtobedefined;B、Thegeneralclassthatthetargettermbelongsto;C、Differentiatingfeaturesofthetargetterm;D、/正确答案:【Thegeneralclassthatthetargettermbelongsto;】5、问题：Anacademicdefinitionhasthreecompulsorycomponents(1)atermtobedefined;(2)thegeneralclassthatthetargettermbelongsto;(3)thedifferentiatingfeaturesofthetargetterm.Pleaseidentifytowhichcategoriestheunderlinedpartisinthefollowingdefinitions.Refrigerantisachemicalthatproducesacoolingeffectwhileexpandingorvaporizing.选项：A、Atermtobedefined;B、Thegeneralclassthatthetargettermbelongsto;C、Differentiatingfeaturesofthetargetterm;D、/正确答案:【Atermtobedefined;】1.2In-ClassPractice1、问题：Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementistheoreticaldefinitionoroperationalones.Electricityisanelectriccurrentwhichismadeupofmovingelectrons.选项：A、Theoreticaldefinition;B、Operationaldefinition;C、/D、/正确答案:【Theoreticaldefinition;】2、问题：Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretheoreticaldefinitionoroperationalones.Userspace,theauthorproposes,issystemmemoryallocatedtorunningapplications.选项：A、Theoreticaldefinition;B、Operationaldefinition;C、/D、/正确答案:【Operationaldefinition;】3、问题：Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretheoreticaldefinitionoroperationalones.Zoologymaybedefinedasthescienceofthestructure,formsanddistributionofanimals.选项：A、Theoreticaldefinition;B、Operationaldefinition;C、/D、/正确答案:【Theoreticaldefinition;】4、问题：Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretheoreticaldefinitionoroperationalones.Sociologyisthestudyofthedevelopment,organization,functionsandclassificationofhumansocieties.选项：A、Theoreticaldefinition;B、Operationaldefinition;C、/D、/正确答案:【Theoreticaldefinition;】5、问题：Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretheoreticaldefinitionoroperationalones.BournerandHamedhassuggestedthefollowingasabasicoperationaldefinitionforfurtherworkinthisarea:artificialintelligence,orAI,istheabilityofacomputertoactlikeahumanbeing.选项：A、Theoreticaldefinition;B、Operationaldefinition;C、/D、/正确答案:【Operationaldefinition;】6、问题：Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretheoreticaldefinitionoroperationalones.Inthisstudy,systemresourcesisusedtorefertohowmuchmemory,orRAM,yourcomputerhasavailable.选项：A、Theoreticaldefinition;B、Operationaldefinition;C、/D、/正确答案:【Operationaldefinition;】7、问题：Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretheoreticaldefinitionoroperationalones.Ralls(1977)arguesthat'theintensityofintrasexualselectioninaspeciesshouldbeproportionaltotheratioofthelifetimenumberofoffspringsiredbyahighlysuccessfulmalecomparedtothenumberoffemales.选项：A、Theoreticaldefinition;B、Operationaldefinition;C、/D、/正确答案:【Theoreticaldefinition;】8、问题：Whichofthesentencesintheparagraphisadefinition?[A]Longitudinaldunesarelonglowridgesofsandthatlieapproximatelyatrightanglestothetrendofthesandwaves,orparalleltothedirectionofthewind.[B]Someoftheridgesarealmoststraight;othersareslightlywavy.[C]Theyrangeuptoabout10metresinheightand30metresinwidth.[D]Manyaremorethanoneandone-halfkilometreslong.选项：A、Longitudinaldunesarelonglowridgesofsandthatlieapproximatelyatrightanglestothetrendofthesandwaves,orparalleltothedirectionofthewind.B、Someoftheridgesarealmoststraight;othersareslightlywavy.C、Theyrangeuptoabout10metresinheightand30metresinwidth.D、Manyaremorethanoneandone-halfkilometreslong.正确答案:【Longitudinaldunesarelonglowridgesofsandthatlieapproximatelyatrightanglestothetrendofthesandwaves,orparalleltothedirectionofthewind.】9、问题：Whichofthesentencesintheparagraphisadefinition?[A]Angerishavingafeelingofhatredtowardsomeoneorsomething.[B]Itisoneofourbasicemotionsandcanbemostdangerousifitisnotcarefullycontrolled.[C]Apersoncanbecomeangrywhenhecannotfulfillsomebasicneedordesirethatisimportanttohim.[D]Forexample,achildmaybecomeangrywhenhecannotplayoutsidewithhisfriends.选项：A、Angerishavingafeelingofhatredtowardsomeoneorsomething.B、Itisoneofourbasicemotionsandcanbemostdangerousifitisnotcarefullycontrolled.C、Apersoncanbecomeangrywhenhecannotfulfillsomebasicneedordesirethatisimportanttohim.D、Forexample,achildmaybecomeangrywhenhecannotplayoutsidewithhisfriends.正确答案:【Angerishavingafeelingofhatredtowardsomeoneorsomething.】10、填空题：Whichofthesentencesintheparagrapharedefinitions?Writedowntheircorrespondinglettersintheblankthatfollows.[A]Thetermproteinqualityreferstotheratioofessentialaminoacids(eaa)inaproteinincomparisonwiththeratiorequiredbythebody.[B]Ahigh-qualityproteincontainseaainaratiothatmatcheshumanrequirements.[C]Aproteinwhichislackingorlowinoneormoreeaaistermedalow-qualityprotein.[D]Theeaawhichisintheshortestsupplyiscalledthe‘limiting’aminoacid.[E]Ingeneral,animalproteinstendtobehighqualitywhilevegetableproteinstendtobelowquality.[F]Theexceptionissoyproteinwhichisquitehighquality.正确答案:【ACD】1.3In-ClassPractice1、问题：Decidewhetherthefollowingdefinitionsarevalidorinvalid.Choose正确“forvalid;“错误”forinvalid.Commensalismisarelationshipbetweentwothingsthatbenefitsonewithoutharmingtheother.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【错误】2、问题：Decidewhetherthefollowingdefinitionsarevalidorinvalid.Choose正确“forvalid;“错误”forinvalid.Conductionisthetransferofthermalenergythatflowsbetweensolidsthataretouching.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【正确】3、问题：Decidewhetherthefollowingdefinitionsarevalidorinvalid.Choose正确“forvalid;“错误”forinvalid.Constellationisagroupofstarsinthenightsky.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【错误】4、问题：Decidewhetherthefollowingdefinitionsarevalidorinvalid.Choose正确“forvalid;“错误”forinvalid.Convectionistheflowofthermalenergythroughaliquidofgas.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【错误】5、填空题：Readtheparagraphbelow,andusethegivencluestomakeadefinitionofyourown.Paragraph1:Mostpeopleknowafewthingstheycoulddotohelpreducetheirimpactontheenvironment,suchasdrivingless,eatingorganicfoods,andhangingtheirclothestodryratherthanusingadryer.Yetmanypeoplearenotengagingintheseattainablebehaviors.Whynot?Attainablebehaviorsare_______________.正确答案:【thingspeopledothataregoodfortheennvironment】6、填空题：Readtheparagraphsbelow,andusethegivencluestomakeadefinitionofyourown.Animalsmusteatotherorganismstostayalive.Sincetheyderivetheirnutritionfromotherorganisms,theyarecalledtelpons.Incontrast,calpons(mostplants,somebacteria,andsomeprotists)trapsolarenergythroughphotosynthesisandusethatenergytosynthesizealloftheircomponents.Telponsare________________________________.正确答案:【animalsthatgetenergyfromeatingotherorganisms.】7、填空题：Readtheparagraphsbelow,andusethegivencluestomakeadefinitionofyourown.Inchapter6,welearnedthatenergyinthechemicalbondsoffoodmoleculesisconvertedtoprovideanimalswithenergyforcellularwork.Thisconversionisinefficient,however;infact,mostoftheenergythatwasinthefoodislostasheat.Therefore,wecantalkabouttheenergyrequirementsofanimalsandtheenergycontentoffoodintermsofameasureofheatenergy:themoffen.Oneoftheseunitsistheamountofheatnecessarytoraisethetemperatureof1gramofwater1?C.Sincethisvalueisatinyamountofenergycomparedwiththeenergyrequirementsofmanyanimals,physiologistscommonlyusethekilomoffen(kmof)asaunitofmeasure(1kmof=1,000moffens).Moffenis__________.正确答案:【ameasureofheat】8、填空题：Readtheparagraphsbelow,andusethegivencluestomakeadefinitionofyourown.Thegeradicrateofananimal(seeChapter41)isameasureoftheoverallenergyneedsthatmustbemetbytheanimal’singestionanddigestionoffood.Thebasalgeradicrateofahumanisabout1,300-1,500kmof/dayforanadultfemaleand1,600-1,800kmof/dayforanadultmale.Geradicrateis________________________.正确答案:【ananimal'stotalenergyneed】9、填空题：Readtheparagraphsbelow,andusethegivencluestomakeadefinitionofyourown.Itispossible,ofcourse,toquantifythemoffenicvalueofanyfoodananimaleats.Itisalsopossibletoquantifythemoffeniccostofanythingananimaldoes.Bycomparingmoffensconsumedwithmoffensexpended,itispossibletoconstructsceltelbudgetsforanysetofcircumstances.Sceltelbudgetsallowecologistsandevolutioniststoapplyacost-benefitanalysistoanybehavior.Sceltelbudgetis____________________________________.正确答案:【comparisonofmoffens(calories)consumedwithcaloriesexpended.】UnitQuiz11、问题：Pleaseidentifytowhichcategoriestheunderlinedpartisinthefollowingdefinition.Accessibilityreferstothedesignofproductsandenvironmentsforpeoplewithdisabilities.选项：A、Atermtobedefined.B、ThegeneralclassthatthetargettermbelongstoC、DifferentiatingfeaturesofthetargettermD、/正确答案:【Differentiatingfeaturesofthetargetterm】2、问题：Pleaseidentifytowhichcategoriestheunderlinedpartisinthefollowingdefinition.Ventilatorisasystemthatexchangesstale,re-circulatedindoorairwithfresh,filteredoutsideair.选项：A、AtermtobedefinedB、ThegeneralclassthatthetargettermbelongstoC、DifferentiatingfeaturesofthetargettermD、/正确答案:【Thegeneralclassthatthetargettermbelongsto】3、问题：Pleaseidentifytowhichcategoriestheunderlinedpartisinthefollowingdefinition.CulturalIntegrationLeaderisanAmericanstudentlivinginthedormsresponsibleforhelpinginternationalstudentsadjustculturallyandsociallytolifeatanAmericancollege.选项：A、AtermtobedefinedB、ThegeneralclassthatthetargettermbelongstoC、DifferentiatingfeaturesofthetargettermD、/正确答案:【Differentiatingfeaturesofthetargetterm】4、问题：Pleaseidentifytowhichcategoriestheunderlinedpartisinthefollowingdefinition.Thirdpartyisapersonorbodythatisrecognizedasbeingindependentofthepartiesinvolved,asconcernstheissueinquestion.选项：A、AtermtobedefinedB、ThegeneralclassthatthetargettermbelongstoC、DifferentiatingfeaturesofthetargettermD、/正确答案:【Atermtobedefined】5、问题：Whichofthefollowingsentencesisadefinition?选项：A、Aracistcanbedefinedasaprejudicedpersonwhodiscriminatesbecauseofanotherindividual’souterappearanceorrace.B、Racismcanallstartasachildbeingraisedwithnegativethoughts,orcanbebroughtuponbypersonalreasons.C、Forexample,growingupinaracistfamilywillgiveadolescentawfulthoughtsaboutaracewithoutevenexperiencinghowtheyreallyfeelfirsthand.D、Adifferentexampleofhowonemightunfortunatelychoosetoberacistwouldbeifapersonvisitsacountry,andanegativeeventtookplace.正确答案:【Aracistcanbedefinedasaprejudicedpersonwhodiscriminatesbecauseofanotherindividual’souterappearanceorrace.】6、问题：Whichofthefollowingsentencesisadefinition?选项：A、Forexample,youarewaitinginlinetocheckoutatthegrocerystoreandtheladybehindyouasksyoutohandherapackofgum.B、DejavuisaFrenchwordmeaningalreadyseen,andithasalsobeendescribedasafeelingorexperiencethatonehasseenordonesomethingbefore.C、Suddenlyyougetanoverwhelmingfeelingthatyouhavebeenthereinthatexactsamespot,talkingtothesamelady,eventhesamebrandofgum.D、Eventhougheverythingseemssofamiliaryouknowthereisnowaythatcouldhavehappenedbefore.正确答案:【DejavuisaFrenchwordmeaningalreadyseen,andithasalsobeendescribedasafeelingorexperiencethatonehasseenordonesomethingbefore.】7、问题：Isthefollowingdefinitionvalidorinvalid?Photosynthesisisamakingprocessofplants.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【错误】8、问题：Isthefollowingdefinitionvalidorinvalid?Faultingisacrackintheearth'scrustresultingfromthedisplacementofonesidewithrespecttotheother.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【正确】9、问题：Isthefollowingdefinitionvalidorinvalid?Inheritedtraitisacharacteristicthatispassedfromparentstooffspring.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【错误】10、问题：Isthefollowingdefinitionvalidorinvalid?Symbiosisisarelationshipbetweentwoorganismsthatlastovertime.选项：A、正确B、错误正确答案:【错误】Exercise11、问题：ButthisdoesnottotallyexplainthegreatresilienceofJapanesepagodas.Istheanswerthat,likeatallpinetree,theJapanesepagoda–withitsmassivetrunk-likecentralpillarknownasshinbashira–simplyflexesandswaysduringatyphoonorearthquake选项：A、atypeofJapanesepagodasB、aJapanesepinetreeC、thepillarinsidetheJapanesepagodaD、atyphoonorearthquakethatstrikesJapan正确答案:【thepillarinsidetheJapanesepagoda】2、问题：Thesediscoverieshaveledtothe?eldknownasneuroeconomics,whichstudiesthebrain'ssecretstosuccessinaneconomicenvironmentthatdemandsinnovationandbeingabletodothingsdifferentlyfromcompetitors.选项：A、afieldofstudyB、aneconomicenvironmentC、acompetitorD、adiscovery正确答案:【afieldofstudy】3、问题：Beforethat,LatinwasregardedasthelinguaFrancaforEuropeanintellectuals,thatis,alanguageusedforcommunicationbetweenpeoplesofdifferentlanguages.选项：A、animportanttoolB、asharedlanguageC、alanguageofthepastD、anintellectualtool正确答案:【asharedlanguage】4、问题：Anextendeddefinitionmayexplaintheword'setymologyorhistoricalroots,describesensorycharacteristicsofsomething(howitlooks,feels,sounds,tastes,smells),identifyitsparts,indicatehowsomethingisused,explainwhatitisnot,provideanexampleofit,and/ornotesimilaritiesordifferencesbetweenthistermandotherwordsorthings.选项：A、theoriginofawordB、thecharacteristicsofawordC、thepartsofawordD、theusageofaword正确答案:【theoriginofaword】5、问题：“Busyasabee”and“quietasamouse”arehackneyedphrases,usedrepeatedlysomuchsothattheybecomeunoriginalandnolongerhavemuchmeaning.选项：A、boringthroughoveruseB、withmuchformalityC、withinterestingmeaningD、fixedandusedinspokenEnglish正确答案:【boringthroughoveruse】Exercise21、问题：BecausetheIncaspreservedtheirmummies,itseemsthattheyneverfelttheurgetorepresenttheirancestorsasgodsintheirart.Thus,thehuacas–themummiesorthestonesrepresentingthem–werenotdedicatedtoparticulargods.选项：A、godsB、mummiesC、IncasD、ancestor正确答案:【mummies】2、问题：Ifyourconclusionparagraphbecomeslengthy,considerbreakingyourparagraphsintopenultimate(secondtolast)andfinalparagraphs.选项：A、verylengthyB、thelastbutoneC、thefinaloneD、themostimportant正确答案:【thelastbutone】3、问题：Jack'sduplicity–craftydishonesty–causedhimtostealhiscoworker'spensionsbyfunnelingtheirmoneyintoanoffshoreaccount.选项：A、stealingB、bankinghabitC、goodreputationD、deceitfulness正确答案:【deceitfulness】4、问题：Andinthemld-17thcenturyitwascommonpracticeformathematicianstokeeptheirdiscoveriesandproofssecret,bywritingthemincipher,code,obscurelanguages,orinprivatemessagesdepositedinasealedboxwiththeRoyalSociety.选项：A、foreignlanguageB、ancientmessageC、mathematicmessageD、secretlanguage正确答案:【secretlanguage】5、问题：Lookatmapsofvolcanoes,earthquakesandislandchainslikethePhilippinesandJapon,andyoucanseetheroughoutlinesofwhatarecalledtectonicplates–theseveralrigidpiecesoftheearth’souterlayer,thoughttobeinconstantmovementandcollisionagainsteachother.选项：A、largepiecesoftheearth’ssurfaceB、significantmovementsoftheearthC、suddeneruptionsofvolcanoesD、volcanoes,earthquakesandislandchains正确答案:【largepiecesoftheearth’ssurface】Exercise1、问题：Forthemostpartweareanintemperatepeople:weeattoomuchwhenwecan,drinktoomuch,indulgeoursensestoomuch.选项：A、showingalackofdesiresforpleasureB、showingalackofappetiteforfoodC、showingalackofinterestinlifeD、showingalackofself-control正确答案:【showingalackofself-control】2、问题：Shewashighlypraisedforhersartorialchoicesduringherhusband’stenureasprimeminister,constantlyhelpingtoimproveEnglishwomen’stasteforclothesandregularlychampioningthecountry’sfashionindustry.选项：A、relatedtopoliticsB、relatedtoclothesC、relatedtoindustryD、relatedtoEngland正确答案:【relatedtoclothes】3、问题：Asthetrainapproached,’wroteTarkovsky,‘commotionstartedinthetheatre:peoplejumpedandranaway.’Thatwasthemomentwhencinemawasborn.Thefrightenedaudiencecouldnotacceptthattheywerewatchingamerepicture.选项：A、pleasurableexcitementB、noisyconfusionC、unrealfeelingD、calmfear正确答案:【noisyconfusion】4、问题：Heenjoyedthealltrappingsofwealth,suchasexpensiveclothing,bigdiamondearrings,achauffeur-drivencarandevenbodyguards.选项：A、innerqualitiesB、outerclothingC、materialitemsD、spiritualneeds正确答案:【materialitems】5、问题：TheimageoftheinscrutableChineserunsdeepinWesternimagination.TheinscrutableChinese,i.e.mysterious,unfathomable,inexplicable,isapowerfulimagebecauseitrepresentsthemanyaspectsofChineseculturewhichWesternersfindunaccountableanddifficulttounderstand.选项：A、impoliteB、powerfulC、strangeD、hard-working正确答案:【strange】Exercise1、问题：Thisharmonyisnotsameness.Itisnotacollapseofeverythingintoonething.Itisalsonotstagnant.Itisnottheharmonyofastatuethatseemsfixedinoneplace.Itisamovingharmony,achangingharmony,adynamicharmony.选项：A、fixedB、changingC、dynamicD、harmonious正确答案:【fixed】2、问题：Toseeagreatfilmonlyontelevisionisn'ttohavereallyseenthatfilm.It'snotonlyaquestionofthedimensionsoftheimage:thedisparitybetweenalarger-than-youimageinthetheatreandthelittleimageontheboxathome.Theconditionsofpayingattentioninadomesticspaceareradicallydisrespectfuloffilm.选项：A、remarkablesimilarityB、clearsuperiorityC、greatdifferenceD、unusuallargeness正确答案:【greatdifference】3、问题：Birdwhistellmaintainsthatverbalcommunicationrepresentslessthan35%ofthe'socialmeaning'ofasituation,whilemorethan65%isexpressedthroughnonverbalcommunication.Similarly,AlbertMehrabiancontendsthatthetotalimpactofamessageiscomposedofa7%verbalelement,a38%vocalelement,anda55%facialelement.选项：A、maintainsB、representsC、expressesD、iscomposedof正确答案:【maintains】4、问题：Gainingamentorishelpfulwhenyouarebeginninganewjob.Awiseandtrustedadvisorcangreatlyassistyourcareer.选项：A、someonewhohelpsyougainexperienceB、someonewhoadvisesyouC、someonewhogivesyouanewjobD、someonewhohelpsyoustartacareer正确答案:【someonewhoadvisesyou】5、问题：Theyhavebeentrainedsinceveryearlyintheirlivestoconsiderthemselvesasseparate-individualswhoareresponsiblefortheirownsituationsinlifeandtheirowndestinies.Theyhavenotbeentrainedtoseethemselvesasmembersofaclose-knit,tightlyinterdependentfamily,religiousgroup,tribe,nation,orothercollectivity.选项：A、veryreligiousB、completelyindependentC、fullyresponsibleD、firmlyunited正确答案:【firmlyunited】Exercise1、问题：Iwasalwayshungry–oh,sohungry!ThescantmealsIcouldaffordonlysharpenedmyappetiteforrealfood.选项：A、healthyB、bigC、deliciousD、simple正确答案:【simple】2、问题：Thesenewsreportshavebeenheavilycensored,becausetheycontainmaterialsthatareconsideredbytheauthoritiestobebothimmoralandapoliticalthreattothegovernment.选项：A、highlypraisedB、closelyexaminedC、widelyacceptedD、carefullyprepared正确答案:【closelyexamined】3、问题：Toimprisonrequiresjailers,andtoexecuteadeathpunishmentcallsforexecutioners.选项：A、actorsB、supervisorsC、teachersD、technicians正确答案:【supervisors】4、问题：Thisforumforcommunicationremovesthevisualbarriersthathindersomestudentsinexpressingthemselves.选项：A、limitB、encourageC、removeD、communicate正确答案:【limit】5、问题：Hepulledoffhisdampshirtandwashedhisfaceandtorso,dryingthemonathickbluetowel.选项：A、hishandsB、hishairC、hislegsD、hisbody正确答案:【hisbody】UnitQuiz21、问题：Thematchhasbeencancelledduetoadverseweatherconditions.选项：A、changedB、harmfulC、predictableD、excellent正确答案:【harmful】2、问题：Inarelateddevelopment,thesharpdistinctionbetweenmuseumandheritagesitesontheonehand,andthemeparksontheother,isgraduallyevaporating.Infact,theyalreadyborrowideasandconceptsfromoneanother.选项：A、strengtheningB、becominggasC、disappearingD、becomingsharper正确答案:【disappearing】3、问题：In1890heproposedthatevolutionwasirreversible:that“anorganismisunabletoreturn,evenpartially,toapreviousstagealreadyrealisedintheranksofitsancestors.选项：A、thatcanbechangedB、thancanbecomeworseC、thatcannotbepreventedD、thatcannotbeundone正确答案:【thatcannotbeundone】4、问题：Inthesecondhalfofthe18thcentury,wealready?ndadvocatesofthisview,suchasJosephPriestley,whoseRudimentsofEnglishGrammar(1761)insiststhat'thecustomofspeakingistheoriginalandonlyjuststandardofanylanguage'.选项：A、supportersB、researchersC、customersD、standards正确答案:【supporters】5、问题：Attheageoffive,six,wellpastthetimewhenmostotherchildrennolongereasilynoticethedifferencebetweensoundsutteredathomeandwordsspokeninpublic,Ihadadifferentexperience.选项：A、heardB、spokenC、completedD、used正确答案:【spoken】6、问题：Americansarenottaught,aspeopleinmanyAsiancountriesare,thattheyshouldmasktheiremotionalresponses.Theirwords,thetoneoftheirvoices,ortheirfacialexpressionswillusuallyrevealwhentheyarefeelingangry,unhappy,confused,orhappyandcontent.Theydonotthinkitimpropertodisplaythesefeelings,atleastwithinlimits.选项：A、hideB、displayC、revealD、make正确答案:【hide】7、问题：Intheireffortstousetheirtimewisely,Americansaresometimesseenbyforeignvisitorsasautomatons,unhumancreatureswhoaresotiedtotheirclocksandtheirschedulesthattheycannotparticipateinorenjoythehumaninteractionsthatarethetrulyimportantthingsinlife.Theyarelikelittlemachinesrunningaround,oneforeignvisitorsaid.选项：A、humanbeingsB、effortsC、machinesD、interactions正确答案:【machines】8、问题：Thereislittleevidencetosubstantiatethistheorythough,bythesametoken,thereislittletodisproveit.选项：A、disproveB、supportC、proposeD、present正确答案:【support】9、问题：Thesourceoftherediswidelyknown:itiscreatedbyanthocyanins,water-solubleplantpigmentsreflectingtheredtobluerangeofthevisiblespectrum.Theybelongtoaclassofsugar-basedchemicalcompoundsalsoknownasflavonoids.选项：A、plantpigmentsB、variousbluecoloursC、chemicalcompoundsD、variousredcolours正确答案:【chemicalcompounds】10、问题：Afterthefire,theentireofficewasrestricted,thatis,onlyafewpeoplecouldenter,forseveraldays.选项：A、badlydamagedB、closedtothepublicC、underrepairD、torndown正确答案:【closedtothepublic】3.1DefinitionofaMainIdea1、问题：Inreadingcomprehension,whichofthefollowingquestionsisaskedaboutthetopicofapassage?选项：A、Whatisthepassageabout?B、Whatdoestheauthorwanttoconveytousinthepassage?C、Whatcanyouinferfromthetext?D、Whatideadoestheauthormainlydiscuss?正确答案:【Whatisthepassageabout?】2、问题：WhichofthefollowingsentencesisFALSEaboutamainidea?选项：A、Amainideaisalsocalledthemainpoint.B、Amainideaisthesubjectunderdiscussion.C、Amainideaisthecentralideaoropiniontheauthormakesaboutacertaintopic.D、Amainideasumsupwhattheauthorwantstoconveytousinapassage.正确答案:【Amainideaisthesubjectunderdiscussion.】3、问题：Directions:Readthefollowingparagaraphandanswerthequestions.Learningbydoingisfamiliartoeverymanagersentonatrainingcourse.Invariablythisinvolvesrole-playbasedonstudiesoflong-agotriumphsanddisastersfromarelevantindustryororganization.Managersaretypicallycastaskey?guresinthesedramas,thencomparisonsaremadelaterbetweenhowtheydealtwiththe?ctionalsituationandtheactualevent.Theproblemis,anyexperienceofdecision-makinggainedfromrole-playhasoneobviousshortcoming:itisnotreallife.Whatisthetopicofthisparagraph?选项：A、LearningbydoingB、ManagerTrainingcourseC、Trainingthroughrole-playD、Role-playingmanager正确答案:【Trainingthroughrole-play】4、问题：Directions:Readthefollowingparagaraphandanswerthequestions.Learningbydoingisfamiliartoeverymanagersentonatrainingcourse.Invariablythisinvolvesrole-playbasedonstudiesoflong-agotriumphsanddisastersfromarelevantindustryororganization.Managersaretypicallycastaskey?guresinthesedramas,thencomparisonsaremadelaterbetweenhowtheydealtwiththe?ctionalsituationandtheactualevent.Theproblemis,anyexperienceofdecision-makinggainedfromrole-playhasoneobviousshortcoming:itisnotreallife.Whichsentencebeststates