强调句型考点面面观

强调句型考点面面观句型结构：Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who/whom+句子剩余部分…这个句型用来强调除谓语以外的各种句子成分,被强调部分必须放在itis/was后面，如果强调的部分是人，可以who/whom来代替that.如：Theywillhaveameetinginthehalltomorrow.强调主语:Itistheythat/whowillhaveameetinginthehalltomorrow.强调宾语:Itisameetingthattheywillhaveinthehalltomorrow强调地点状语:Itisinthehallthattheywillhaveameetingtomorrow强调时间状语:Itistomorrowthattheywillhaveameetinginthehall.随着高考考点的不断深入变化，该句型总是以新的面孔出现，或本身发生变化，或与其他句式结构相结合，然而万变不离其宗，总是脱不掉it+be+that/who/whom这一框架结构。现在结合近几年有关高考题的特点，将其变化形式归纳如下：一.强调句型的一般疑问句形式。句式特征：Is/Wasit+被强调部分+that…；1．（1994上海）Wasitin1969____theAmericanastronautssucceeded___landingonthemoon?A.when;onB.that;onC.when;inD.that;in简析]：比较Itwasin1969thattheAmericanastronautssucceededinlandingonthemoon我们不难看出该题干实质上是该陈述句的一般疑问句形式。答案选D。2．Coulditbeintherestaurantin____youhaddinnerwithmeyesterday____youlostyourhandbag?

A.that;which

B.which;that

C.where;that

D.that;where这是一个含有情态动词的强调句型的一般疑问句形式，第一空格所在的句子成分应为定语从句，结合介词in应用关系代词which；第二个空格所在部分应为强调句型中的that分句。故答案为B。二、结合特殊疑问词构成特殊疑问句形式。句式特征：特殊疑问词+is/wasitthat…？3．_______isit_______hasmadePeter_______heistoday?A.What;that;thatB.That;that;whatC.What;what;thatD.What;that;what[简析]：本题结构复杂，乍看难以理清，请看下面两句：ItisdeterminationthathasmadePeterwhatheistoday.对划线部分提问→WhatisitthathasmadePeterwhatheistoday?对照原题，则答案为D。依此为据扩展开来可为：4．Howisitthatsheturneddownourhelp?什么原因使得…？5．WherewasitthatyoumetTomyesterday?究竟在哪…？6．Whenwasitthatyoumethiminthepark?究竟何时…？7．WhenandwherewasitthatyougottoknowMary?究竟在何时何地…？8．Whowasitthatthatcameupwiththebrightidea?究竟是谁…？9．Whichbookisitthatyouwanttobuy?究竟是哪一本书…？10．Whoseumbrellawasitthatyoutookaway?到底是谁的伞…？三、强调句型的反意疑问句形式句式特征为：Itis/was+被强调部分+that…，isn’t/wasn’tit？11．ItwasAliceandherboyfriendwhosenttheoldmantothehospital,______?A.dotheyB.didn’ttheyC.wasn’titD.wasit[简析]：答案C.此种情况下疑问句中的主语应与强调句型中的主语it保持一致，不能和被强调部分中的名词或代词保持一致，并要遵守“前肯定后否定”的原则。四、强调句型的感叹句形式。句式特征为：what/how…itis(that)+主语+谓语！12．Whatabeautifulpictureitis(that)youhavedrawn!13．Howbeautifulitis(that)yourdaughteris!五、强调句型的“让步含义”。句式特征为：含有“让步含义”的强调句型在翻译成汉语时要注意“反译”。14．Itisawisefatherthatknowshisownchild.再英明的父亲也不会理解他自己的子女。（莎士比亚名言）15．Itisawisemanthatnevermakesmistakes.再聪明的人也会犯错误。六、在强调句型中考察主谓一致与比较结构。在强调句型中，有时也考察用ratherthan，not…but…等连接的平行对比结构，此时既要注重比较结构，又要注意主谓一致，属于较复杂的句式。句式特征为：Itis/wasnot…but…that…;不是…而是…（that后的动词与but后的名词或代词保持一致）Itis/was…not…that…;是…而不是…（that后的动词应与not前的名词或代词保持一致）Itis/was…ratherthan…that…;是…而不是…(that后的动词应与ratherthan前的名词或代词保持一致)16．Itisnothelpbutobstaclesthatmakeaman.[简析]：本句译为“使人成才的，不是助力，而是阻力”。注意obstacles和make形成主谓一致关系。17．PersonallyIthinkitisthesalesmanager,ratherthanthesalesgirls,______toblame.A.isB.thatisC.areD.whoare[简析]：此句被强调部分中的thesalesmanager，通过ratherthan与thesalesgirls形成比较结构，再考虑到主谓一致的原则，应选B。18．(NMET2000,24)Itistheabilitytodothejob_____mattersnotwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouare.A.oneB.thatC.whatD.it[简析]：本题答案选B。在本题中被强调部分theabilitytodothejob与notwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouare形成比较结构，theabilitytodothejob与matters形成主谓一致关系。当然本题还可说成：Itistheabilitytodothejobnotwhereyoucomefromorwhatyouarethatmatters.但这样就显得句子重心不稳，结构不合理。19．Itisthepreventionofdiseaseratherthanitssuccessfultreatmentthathasledtotherapidincreaseoftheworld’spopulation.[简析]：本句中被强调部分为对比结构，含义为“导致世界人口快速增长的原因是对疾病的预防而非对疾病的成功治疗。”当然hasledto的主语应是thepreventionofdisease。七、强调句型中的be动词和情态动词的结合。句式特征:Itmaybe+被强调部分+that…Itmusthavebeen+被强调部分+that…Would/Coulditbe+被强调部分+that…?20．ItmighthavebeenJohn______boughtanewbookforMaryyesterday.A.whatB.sinceC.thatD.then该题答案为C，许多考生误选其他的原因在于be的复杂化而看不出本句为强调句型。再如：21．ItmaybenextweekthatsheleavesforTokyo.八、强调句型和名词性从句的结合。句式特征为:整个强调句型用作名词性从句;或者在强调句型中含有名词性从句。22．I’vealreadyforgotten_________youputthedictionary.A.thatitwasthereB.wherewasitthatC.thatwhereitwasD.whereitwasthat[简析]：本题是经过变形的强调句型用作宾语从句的体现，为了更好地理解，我们分三步对其进行讨论。第一步，复原→ItwasonthedeskthatIputthedictionary.第二步，对划线部分提问→Wherewasitthatyouputthedictionary?第三步，变为陈述语序，将其用作forgotten的宾语从句则变为：I’vealreadyforgottenwhereitwasthatyouputthedictionary.与原题对比，答案应为D。再看一个强调句型中含有同位语从句的例子：23．Itwasattheverybeginning____Mr.Foxmadethedecision_____weshouldsendmorefirefightersthere.A.when;whichB.where;whatC.then;soD.that;that[简析]：本题答案为D。第一个that为强调句型中的that；第二个that引导同位语从句，说明thedecision的内容。九、强调句型和定语从句的结合。句式特征为:在强调句型的被强调部分或其他部分中找出一个先行词，附上修饰该部分的定语从句，这样整个句子结构就变得非常复杂。应特别注意不要混淆定语从句的关系词和强调句型中的that/who部分。24．Itwasinthesmallhouse_____wasbuiltwithstonesbyhisfather____hespenthischildhood.A.which;thatB.that;whereC.which;whichD.that;which[简析]：本题含义为“是在这间小房子里他度过了童年”，thesmallhouse作先行词，其后的定语从句缺做主语的关系代词；第二空所缺的应是强调句型中的结构词that,故答案选A。再如：25．Itwasplayingcomputergamesthatcosttheboyplentyoftimethatheoughttohavespentdoinghislessons.[简析]：划线部分作定语从句修饰先行词time。本题中有两个that，最大的误会就是把二者弄混，第一个that是强调句型中的；第二个that是关系代词引导定语从句的。因其作spent的宾语，可以省去。26．Is_____threehours______theboy_______familyispoortocometoschoolonfoot?A.it;that;whoseB.it;thatittakes;whoseC.itfor;thatittakes;whoseD.it;when;that;[简析]：本题结构复杂，是定语从句、强调句型的一般问句形式和句式Ittakessbsometimetodosth.的糅合。我们也分几步来看这个句子：第一步：基本句式Ittakestheboythreehourstocometoschoolonfoot.第二步：以theboy为先行词，后面附上定语从句，则变为：Ittakestheboywhosefamilyispoorthreehourstocometoschoolonfoot.第三步：用强调句型对上句中的划线部分进行强调，则变为：Itisthreehoursthatittakestheboywhosefamilyispoortocometoschoolonfoot.第四步：将上句变为一般疑问句即是该题，经对比可知答案应为B。十、强调句型和（not）……until句型的结合。句式特征为:Itis/wasuntil+被强调部分+that+延续动词Itis/wasnotuntil+被强调部分+that+短暂动词如：用强调句型对Ididn’tleaveuntilitgotdark.中的划线部分进行强调，则变成：27．ItwasnotuntilhecamebackthatIknewtheresult.[简析]：注意此种情况下否定词not要从原题的主句上转移到被强调的从句上，这也是否定转移的一种形式。28．Itwasuntillastyearthathe________________________.A.leftschoolforanewstartB.cametorealizetheimportanceoflearningEnglishC.workedasanEnglishteacheratamiddleschoolD.setouttobuildanewhouseofhisown[简析]：本题不含否定词not，四个选项中只有C项中的动词work为延续性动词，答案C。十一、强调句型的省略形式。句式特征为:在一定的上下文中，强调句型的某个部分可以省略。作题时要特别注意将其复原并加以比较。29．——Whoismakingsomuchnoiseinthegarden?——_________thechildren.A.ItisB.TheyareC.ThatisD.Thereare[简析]：强调句型在具体的语境中省略，其完整形式应是：Itisthechildrenwhoaremakingsomuchnoiseinthegarden.。答案为A。30．——Hewasnearlydrownedonce.——Whenwas_______?——____wasin1998whenhewasinmiddleschool.(NMET2002北京春季，30)A.that;ItB.this;ThisC.this;ItD.that;This[简析]：在第三句话中whenhewasinmiddleschool.为定语从句，修饰1998，其后省去了thathewasnearlydrownedonce.此题如把关系副词when也挖空，则很容易误选that。十二、强调句型的形近句型。(1)Itbe+被强调部分+that+…是强调句型。去掉it，be，that后，剩余部分仍能组成一个完整的句子。如：31．Itisprobablyduetotheseskillsthattheyhavebeenofferedawidevarietyofpositions.本句去掉it，be，that后可转化成：Probablyduetotheseskillstheyhavebeenofferedawidevarietyofpositions.(2)It+be+adj./n./过去分词+that从句句型。该句型中的It是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语从句。如：32．Itisimportantthathe(should)learnEnglishwell.33．ItisafactthathecanspeakbothEnglishandJapanese.34．Itissuggestedthatheleavehisofficerightnow.(3)“Itbe+时间段+since……”句型。如果since和延续性动词连用，则意为“某人不做某事已有多久了”；如和短暂动词连用，则为“某人做某事已有多久了”。如：35．Itistwomonthssincehefellill.他病了两个月了。36．Itistwomonthssincehewasill.他病好已经两个月了。（4）Itbe+时间段+before……句型表示“……多久后某事发生”。37．Itwasalongtimebeforetheymetagain.很长时间后他们才见面。38．Itwasnotlongbeforehecameback.时间过不久他们就回来了。（5）“Itbe…when……”句型表示“某事发生时正是……时候”39．Itwas1949whenthePRCwasfounded.试比较强调句型句：40．Itwasin1949thatthePRCwasfounded.(去掉it，was，that后仍是一个完整的句子)练习：1.Itwaslastyear____youtaughtmehowtodrive.A.whenB.thatC.whereD.which2.Itwas___hesaid____disappointedme.A.that/whatBwhat/thatC.what/whatD.that/that3.Itwasinthefactory___producedTVsets____ourfriendwasmurdered.A.which/whichB.that/whichC.that/thatD.where/that4._____findmywallet,Tom?A. WheredidyouthatB.WherewasityouB. WherehaveyouD.Wherewasitthatyou5.Itwasnotuntil1920___regularradiobroadcastbegan.(NMET95)A.whileB.whichC.thatD.since6.Itistheabilitytodothejob___matters,notwhereyoucamefromorwhatyouare.(MET01)A. oneB.itC.whatD.that1-6BBCDCDItis…that英语句型系列补充强化训练1.--Wherewas＿＿＿＿youpickedupthewallet﹖--Justneartheschoolgate.A.itB.itthatC.theplaceD.theplacethat2.Imustfindoutwhy＿＿＿＿somanystudentsmadethesamemistake.A.isitthatB.wasitwhichC.itiswhatD.itwasthat3.Howmanyyearsisit＿＿＿＿yoursistercametoworkhere﹖A.afterB.sinceC.beforeD.until4.Isitinthefactory＿＿youvisitedlastweek＿＿＿thiskindofcarismade﹖A.／thatB.wherewhenC.wherethatD.／when5.--It'salongtime＿＿＿Isawyoulast.--Yes，andwhatapitysinceitwillbealongtime＿＿weseeeachotheragain.A.sincebeforeB.beforesinceC.untilafterD.afteruntil6.Itwasbecauseofbadweather＿＿＿thefootballmatchhadtobeputoff.A.soB.sothatC.whyD.that7.Itwashisremarks＿＿＿＿leftmewonderingabouthisrealpurpose.A.whichB.whatC.whereD.that8.--Wasitin1969＿＿＿＿theAmericanastronautsucceeded＿＿＿＿landingonthemoon﹖--Quiteright.A.whenonB.thatonC.wheninD.thatin9.Itwasnotuntil1920＿＿＿＿＿＿regularradiobroadcastsbegan.NMET95A.whileB.whichC.thatD.since10.＿＿＿isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It11.＿＿＿wasin1979＿＿＿＿＿Igraduat