【培优直通车】2022年新高三英语大一轮复习讲义-第20讲综合复习（五）教师版（上海专用）

2022年新高三英语大一轮复习讲义（上海专用）

第20讲一轮综合复习（五）教师版

教学内容

进门小练笔

UnitFiveAdverbialClause

I.MultipleChoices:

1.________Iwashedthevegetables,hechoppedthemeat.

A.WhileB.AsC.WhenD.Once

2.Thisequipmentissoold________itcan'tbeusedanymore________someofitspartsarechanged.

A.as;unlessB.that;unlessC.that;ifD.whether;or

3.Pleasespeakclearly________wecanfollowyou.

A.so...thatB.soC.soastoD.sothat

4.________youhavemadeadecision,don'tchangeitfrequently.

A.OnceB.BeforeC.WhileD.Evenif

5.Heusedtotellchildrenthestory________hehadhadtheexperience.

A.asthoughB.evenifC.justasD.like

6.________,heknowshowtoliveandstudy.

A.AchildasheisB.WhereeverC.ChildasheisD.Thoughheischild

7.Wefoundpeoplefriendly________wewent.

A.towhichB.inwhichC.whereverD.towhere

8.________theweatherisfine,rilopenallthewindows.

A.NowthatB.SincethatC.BecauseofD.For

9.Itwas________hecouldn'tfinishitbyhimself.

A.sodifficultaworkasB.suchadifficultworkas

C.sodifficultworkasD.suchdifficultworkthat

10.________Iknow,thisbookwillbeusedasatextbook.

A.SofarasB.SofarC.SolongasD.Asto

11.youtalktosomeoneorwriteamessage,youshowyourskillstoothers.

A.AttimesB.EverytimeC.BythetimeD.Sometime

12.Youshouldrunthemachinetheworkershaveshownyou.

A.asB.inthewayC.asifD.justlike

13.mymotherwastoobusytodothehousework,Itookherplaceinstead.

A.ForB.EventhoughC.OrD.Whenever

14.Woundedhewas,herefusedtocomebackfromthefront.

A.howeverB.thoughC.althoughD.like

15.Justasmostplantsneedsunlight,weneedfood.

A.soB.whenC.asD.for

16.Youwillbelateyouleaveimmediately.

A.unlessB.otherwiseC.aslongasD.orelse

17.—Whatwasthepartylike?

—Wonderful.ItwasyearsIhadenjoyedmyselfsomuch.

A.afterB.beforeC.whenD.since

18.MotherwasworriedbecauselittleAlicewasill,especiallyFatherwasawayinFrance.

A.asB.thatC.duringD.if

19.youhaveseenbothfighters,willwin?

A.Since;doyouthinkwhoB.As;whoyouthink

C.When;whoeverD.Since;whodoyouthink

20.Ifweworkwithastrongwill,wecanovercomeanydifficulty,greatitis.

A.whatB.howC.howeverD.whatever

21.thepoemasecondtime,themeaningwillbecomeclearertoyou.

A.YourhavingreadB.WhilereadingC.IfreadingD.Whenyouread

22.IthoughtherniceandhonestImether.

A.firsttimeB.forthefirsttimeC.thefirsttimeD.bythefirsttime

23.Youshouldmakeitaruletoleavethingsyoucanfindthemagain.

A.whenB.whereC.thenD.there

24.Ishallstayinthehotelalldaythereisnewsofthemissingchild.

A.incaseB.nomatterC.inanycaseD.infear

25.TheWTOcannotliveuptoitsnameitdoesnotincludeacountrythatishometoonefifthof

mankind.

A.aslongasB.whileC.onlyifD.eventhough

1~5ABDAA6~10CCADA11-15BADBA16-20ADADC21-25DCBAA

Translation

1.除非我们保持快速的经济增长，否则我们无法缩小我国与发达国家的差距。(maintain)

Wecan'tnarrow/won'tbeabletobridgethegapbetweenourcountryanddevelopedcountriesunlesswemaintain

fasteconomicgrowth.

2.虽然他已制订了不玩游戏的目标，我想他很难改掉这个坏习惯，因为他打网络游戏有瘾。(obsessively)

Thoughhehassetagame-avoidingtarget,Ithinkitdifficultforhimtogetridofthebadhabitbecauseheplays

onlinegamesobsessively.

3.只要目的明确、努力工作，你所做的贡献迟早会得到承认。(recognize)

Aslongasyouarepurposefulandhardworking,yourcontributionwillberecognizedsoonerorlater.

4.虽然目标未达到，但是一个良好的基础已经奠定，因为能源节约问题受到前所未有的关注。

(unprecedented)

Thoughthegoalwasnotachieved,agoodfoundationhasbeenlaidwithunprecedentedattentionpaidtoenergy

conversation.

5.为了迎合公众的需求，室内体育馆将在老房子被拆迁掉的地方新建。(thepublic)

Tocaterto/Tomeettheneedsofthepublic,anindoorstadiumwillbebuiltwhereoldhouseshavebeenpulled

down.

课堂导入

纽约邮报I今天仍有约六分之一的美国儿童吃不饱

Theeconomyisgrowing,butnotallAmericansarereapingthebenefits-andmanyarestilllivingin

hunger.

经济一直在增长，但并不是所有的美国人都能从中受益——有许多人仍处在饥饿中。

Onein10adults(nearly15millionpeople)andoneinsixchildrenintheUShavegonetobedhungryat

somepointinthepast3years,accordingtoareportfromanti-hungernonprofitHungerFreeAmerica

releasedWednesday.

美国非营利反饥饿组织“不饥饿美国”周三公布的一份报告显示，在过去3里，美国每10个成人中就有1

个(近1500万人)、每6个儿童中就有1个曾饿着肚子上床睡觉。

Nearly8percentofolderAmericans(adults60yearsandolder)livedin"foodinsecure^^householdsduring

thesametimeperiod.Onein10seniorsage60andolderrelyonfoodstamps,apreviousstudyfromFood

andResearchActionCenterconcluded.

在同一时期，将近8%的美国老人(60岁以上的成人)生活在“食品不安全”的家庭。美国食品与研究行

动中心此前的一项研究总结，6()岁及以上的老人中，有十分之一依赖食品救济券活着。

TheHungerFreeAmericareportexaminedhungerinAmericabetweentheyearsof2014and,whenthe

economywas“stillbooming,JoelBerg,chiefexecutiveofficerofHungerFreeAmericasaid,andfound

thathungerrateshaveyettoreturntopre-recessionlevels.

“不饥饿美国”组织发布的这份报告调查了2014到的饥饿数据，在那个时期经济仍在“蓬勃发展”，该组织

首席执行官乔尔・伯格说，并表示饥饿率还没有回到经济衰退前的水平。

“Wecanonlyimaginehowmuchmoresufferingtherewillbewhenthenextinevitablerecessionor

depressionoccursifwedon'tfixthestructuralflawsinoureconomyandsafetynetthatcausesuchmass

hungerbeforethen,^^Bergsaid.

伯格说：“我们只能想象，如果我们未能在下一次不可避免的衰退或萧条发生之前解决经济和社会保障体

系中的结构性缺陷，造成如此大规模饥饿的问题将会更加严重。”

TheFarmBilldealpassedonNov.29includedcontinuedsupportforSupplementalNutritionAssistance

Program(SNAP)benefitsfunding,despiteanoriginalRepublicanpushtocreatestricterworkrequirements

forthese.

11月29日通过的农业法案包括继续支持补充营养援助计划(SNAP)福利资金，尽管共和党最初曾推动

对这些资金提出更严格的实行要求。

ButmorefundingisneededforhungryAmericanstoreachparitywiththosewhoaren'tstruggling,the

reportfound.

但报告发现，饥饿的美国人需要更多的资金，才能不再为了生计挣扎。

FoodinsecureAmericanswouldneed$21.5billioninadditionalfoodpurchasingpowereachyeartomeet

theirbasicfoodneeds,itadded.

报告还称，食品不安全的美国人每将需要215亿美元的食品购买力来满足他们的基本食物需求。

精讲精练

(知识点一：词汇、短语积累)

语言与学习类

培养cultivate(v.)/foster(v.)/nurture(v.)促进(某种发展)promote(v.)/facilitate(v.)/contributeto

身体的发育physicalgrowth智力的发展braindevelopment/cognitivedevelopment/

intellectualdevelopment

心理的发展emotionaldevelopment心理健康psychologicalwell-being/emotionalhealth

职业教育vocationaleducation只有男生或女生的学校single-sexschool

通才generalist(n.)专才specialist(n.)

全面发展的well-rounded(adj.)/versatile(adj.)学校里面各门功课的总称curriculum

理论知识theoreticalknowledge广泛的awiderangeof.../awidevarietyof.../awidearray

of...

提供灵感provideinspirationforsb./sth.通过实验或者实践学到的知识empiricalknowledge

正面的榜样apositiverolemodel辛劳的任务anarduoustask/apainstakingtask

传授知识(或技能)impartknowledge(or对某种技能掌握得非常熟练的beproficient(adj.)insth./be

skills)tostudentsadeptatsth.

实践技能practicalskills/hands-onskills就业技能jobskills/employmentskills

刚毕业的学生freshgraduates很专业的知识与技能highlyspecializedknowledgeandskills/

expertise(n.)

灌输(某种观念)instil...intostudents给学生动力givethestudentsmotivationtodosth./motivethe

studentstodosth.

竞争非常激烈competitive竞争优势acompetitiveadvantage

在理解的基础上学习learnthingsthrough尊重学生的个性respectstudents*individuality/respect

understandingindividualdifferencesintheclassroom

应用apply(v.)/application(n.)结合combine(v.)/integrate(v.)/incorporate(v.)

独立思考thinkindependently鼓励学生用辩证的眼光看问题encouragethestudentstothink

critically

激发(兴趣、想象力等)kindle(v.)/spark学生们对老师所教知识的掌握students,grasp(orcommand)

(v.)/stimulate(v.)ofwhathasbeentaught

死记硬背learnsth.byrote用填鸭式教法教学生force-feedthestudents

打击学生们的积极性dampenthestudents'限制孩子们创造力的发展extinguish(orconstrain)children's

enthusiasm/frustratethestudentscreativity

学生不应该只是被动接受知识的容器。能够很好地适应社会生活的人awell-adjustedindividual

Studentsshouldnotbetreatedaspassive

receptaclesofpredigestedideas.

人际交往能力，沟通能力interpersonalskills/善于社交的sociable/gregarious

communicationskills

正直的品格integrity(n.)/uprightness积极的人生观apositiveoutlookonlife/apositiveattitude

towardslife

社会的有用成员avaluablememberofsociety毅力，顽强的意志perseverance(n.)/willpower

一种可以通用的语言alinguafranca/a英语的广泛应用thewidespreaduseofEnglish/theextensive

universallanguage/agloballanguageuseofEnglish/theproliferationofEnglish

双语的bilingual(adj.)方言dialect(n.)/vernacular(n.)

小语种的消亡theextinction(orthedemise)of

lesser-knownlanguage

(知识点二：写作、翻译基本句型积累)

请用一个具体实例谈谈你对“教育无期限”(Educationisanunlimitedterm.)的理解或感受。

”分5：

一、本题是一篇谚语格言类作文，属于夹叙夹议类作文。该类作文往往要求学生用一个具体的实例来说明或

谈谈其对指定谚语或格言的理解、感受。此类型作文，往往分四个部分：“引入”——解读谚语或格言；”举

例，，一简述所举实例；“感受”一结合实例谈自己的感受；“总结”一总结全文，呼应主题。

二、就作文内容而言，"引入''部分主要为破题，说明此谚语或格言的主要意义。就本题而言，Educationis

anunlimitedterm.说明了教育无期限，相当于“活到老，学到老”。“举例”部分应根据对格言或谚语的解读，举

出恰当的例子，并简要叙述。“感受”部分应结合实例与格言，说明道理。作为夹叙夹议类作文，“举例”为

“叙”，“感受”为“议”。

三、由于本题要求学生谈谈“理解和感受“，因此语言要求充满感情色彩，充分阐述该格言或谚语以及所举实

例使自己明白的道理。

购文点要：

Nowadayswithoursocietydeveloping,moreandmoreadultsturntonightschooltoinstillinthemselvesmore

knowledgeofvariouskinds,thuslivinguptothequotation"Educationisanunlimitedterm.^^

Mygrandfatherisanenergeticoldmaninhiseighties.Hegoestothelibraryalmosteveryweekandimmerses

himselfintheseaofbooksandknowledge,bywhichhehasobtainedthehappinessoflearning.Inhissparetime,he

can'tstandjustsittingstillinthewheelchairandidlinghistimeaway.Instead,readingnewspapersandwriting

poemsarehishobbies,thussharpeninghisinsightandwisdom.

Fromthecaseofmygrandfather,thetruemeaningofeducationstepsoutinfrontofme.Asanoldsayinggoes,

“Nevertoooldtolearn.,,Onlythroughlifelonglearningcanwekeeppacewiththeprogressoftheworld,for

knowledgeischangingwiththetimesandnewknowledgeemergeswiththeleapsandboundsofdevelopment.Oldas

apersonmaybe,hecanbeactiveinlearningaslongashehasapassionforknowledgeandunderstandsthevirtuesof

studying.Lifeisliketheseawhileeducationresemblestheboat.Byrowingtheboatcontinuously,wecanhavea

tasteofthehappinessofthelifevoyage.

Educationisaninfiniteperiodoftimethatstretchestotheendofourlives.Innocaseshouldwestoplearningas

longaswearebreathing.Atlast,wemustkeepinmindthateducationbringsusknowledgewhichfitsinallwalksof

life,thateducationgivesbirthtonewideasandthatthelonglastingeducationtrulystandsforthesignificanceofour

life.

ram:

1.Nowadayswithoursocietydeveloping,moreandmoreadultsturntonightschooltoinstillinthemselvesmore

knowledgeofvariouskinds,thuslivinguptothequotation"Educationisanunlimitedterm.”

instillsth.insb./one'smind的意义为“将某事灌输给某人liveupto的意义为“符合

2.Educationisaninfiniteperiodoftimethatstretchestotheendofourlives,

stretchto的意义为“延伸至

3.Innocaseshouldwestoplearningaslongaswearebreathing.

innocase的意义为“绝不”，放在句首，句子应部分倒装。

表达训练：运用所给出的关键词，用恰当的英语表达下列句子的意思。

(1)教育绝对不是有期限的。(bynomeans)

⑵我相信通过不断学习，你一定会享受更好的生活。(bydoing)

(3)教育塑造我们积极的人生观，并拓宽我们的视野。(shape)

KEY:

(1)Educationisbynomeansalimitedterm.

(2)Iamsurethatyouwillenjoyabetterlifebykeepinglearning.

(3)Educationshapesourpositiveoutlookonlifeaswellasexpandsourhorizons.

(知识点三：阅读拓展)

(A)

Ascientistworkingatherlabbenchandasix-month-oldbabyplayingwithhisfoodmightseemtohavelittlein

common.Afterall,thescientistisengagedinseriousresearchtouncovertheverynatureofthephysicalworld,and

thebabyis,well,justplaying...right?Perhaps,butsomedevelopmentalpsychologists(心理学家)havearguedthat

this"play"ismorelikeascientificinvestigationthanonemightthink.

Takeacloserlookatthebabyplayingatthetable.Eachtimethebowlofriceispushedoverthetableedge,it

fallstotheground——and,intheprocess,itbringsoutimportantevidenceabouthowphysicalobjectsinteract(相互作

用)：bowlsofricedonotfloatinmid-air,butrequiresupporttoremainstable.Itislikelythatbabiesarenotborn

knowingthebasicfactoftheuniverse;noraretheyeverclearlytaughtit.Instead,babiesmayformanunderstanding

ofobjectsupportthroughrepeatedexperimentsandthenbuildonthisknowledgetolearnevenmoreabouthow

objectsinteract.Thoughtheirrangesandtoolsdiffer,thebaby'sinvestigationandthescientist'sexperimentappearto

sharethesameaim(tolearnaboutthenaturalworld),overallapproach(gatheringdirectevidencefromtheworld),

andlogic(aremyobservationswhatIexpected?).

Somepsychologistssuggestthatyoungchildrenlearnaboutmorethanjustthephysicalworldinthisway-that

theyinvestigatehumanpsychologyandtherulesoflanguageusingsimilarmeans.Forexample,itmayonlybe

throughrepeatedexperiments,evidencegathering,andfinallyoverturningatheory,thatababywillcometoaccept

theideathatotherpeoplecanhavedifferentviewsanddesiresfromwhatheorshehas,forexample,unlikethechild,

Mommyactuallydoesn?tlikeDovechocolate.

Viewingchildhooddevelopmentasascientificinvestigationthrowslightonhowchildrenlearn,butitalso

offersaninspiringlookatscienceandscientists.Whydoyoungchildrenandscientistsseemtobesomuchalike?

Psychologistshavesuggestedthatscienceasaneffort-thedesiretoexplore,explain,andunderstandourworld一is

simplysomethingthatcomesfromourbabyhood.Perhapsevolution(进化)providedhumanbabieswithcuriosity

andanaturaldrivetoexplaintheirworlds,andadultscientistssimplymakeuseofthesamedrivethatservedthemas

children.Thesamecognitive(认知的)systemsthatmakeyoungchildrenfeelgoodaboutfiguringsomethingout

mayhavebeenadoptedbyadultscientists.Assomepsychologistsputit,"Itisnotthatchildrenarelittlescientistsbut

thatscientistsarebigchildren?'

50.Accordingtosomedevelopmentalpsychologists,.

A.ababy'splayisnothingmorethanagame

B.scientificresearchintobabies,gamesispossible

C.thenatureofbabies'playhasbeenthoroughlyinvestigated

D.ababy'splayissomehowsimilartoascientist'sexperiment

答案D

解析细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“…butsomedevelopmentalpsychologists(心理学家)haveargued

thatthis'play'ismorelikeascientificinvestigationthanonemightthink.“可知，心理学家觉得孩子的玩耍和科学

家的研究有共同之处，故选D。

51.WelearnfromParagraph2that.

A.scientistsandbabiesseemtoobservetheworlddifferently

B.scientistsandbabiesofteninteractwitheachother

C.babiesarebornwiththeknowledgeofobjectsupport

D.babiesseemtocollectevidencejustasscientistsdo

答案D

解析细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的”...overallapproach(gatheringdirectevidencefromtheworld).

可知，孩子也会像科学家一样收集证据，故选D。

52.Childrenmaylearntherulesoflanguageby.

A.exploringthephysicalworld

B.investigatinghumanpsychology

C.repeatingtheirownexperiments

D.observingtheirparents'behaviors

答案C

解析细节理解题。根据第三段第二句"Forexample,itmayonlybethroughrepeatedexperiments,evidence

gathering,andfinallyoverturningatheory...”可知，孩子可以通过重复自己的实验来学习语言的规律，故选

Co

53.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?

A.Theworldmaybemoreclearlyexplainedthroughchildren'splay.

B.Studyingbabies'playmayleadtoabetterunderstandingofscience.

C.Childrenmayhavegreaterabilitytofigureoutthingsthanscientists.

D.One'sdriveforscientificresearchmaybecomestrongerashegrows.

答案B

54.Whatistheauthor'stonewhenhediscussestheconnectionbetweenscientists'researchandbabies'play?

A.Convincing.B.Confused.

C.Confident.D.Cautious.

答案D

解析推理判断题。根据作者在文中的用词叩pearto和may来弱化绝对性的表达，和通过引用其他人的观

点“Somepsychologistssuggestthat...”可知，作者的语气是谨慎的。故选D。

名师指津

1.抓住主旨大意，理清文章脉络

通过阅读文章可知，本文是一篇议论文。作者提出自己的观点：六个月大的婴儿不断把碗从桌子边上推下去

的这个简单的游戏动作，其实包含着很深刻的道理，它与科学家做实验有很多相似之处。我们追求科学的态

度其实源于我们的儿童时代。

文章具体脉络如下：

论点：心理学家认为孩子的玩耍和科

第一段一

学家的研究有共同之处

论据:具体论证“孩子的玩耍和科学家

第二至四段——

的研究有共同之处”这一论点

2.总结解题规律，提高解题能力

理解好长难句有助于全面理解文章

在阅读理解中理解文章的长难句是关键，理解不了这些句子就很难理解文章的大意。下面我们分析一下这篇

文章中的两个长难句。

句子1：Itislikelythatbabiesarenotbornknowingthebasicfactoftheuniverse；noraretheyeverclearlytaught

it.

结构分析：这句话使用分号连接两个并列分句，前面的分句使用“Itislikelythat…”这个句型，还有knowing...

作伴随状语，后面的分句是“nor+倒装句”的结构。

句意为：可能孩子不是天生就知道宇宙的基本事实，他们也没有被清楚的教过。

句子2：Forexample,itmayonlybethroughrepeatedexperiments,evidencegathering,andfinallyoverturninga

theory,thatababywillcometoaccepttheideathatotherpeoplecanhavedifferentviewsanddesiresfromwhathe

orshehas.

结构分析：这句话使用了强调句型，被强调部分是throughrepeatedexperiments,evidencegathering,and

finallyoverturningatheory,这部分比较长，考生可能很难理解这个句式。主干部分中idea后面是同位语从

句，from后面还有宾语从句。

句意为：例如，它可能只是通过反复实验，收集证据，并最终推翻一个理论——一个婴儿会接受其他人可以

和他/她有不同的意见和愿望的想法。

(B)

Peopleattachthelabel“genius“___1___suchdiversecharactersasLeonardoDaVinci,BobbyFischerand

ToniMorrison.Thevariedachievementsofsuchindividualsbegthequestion:___2___definesagenius?People

havelong-equatedgeniuswithintelligence,___3___itismoreaptlycharacterizedbycreativeproductivity.Such

exceptionaloutputdependson___4___combinationofgenetics,opportunityandeffort.___5___canbecalledout

foroutstandingcontributionstoafieldwithoutalotofhardwork,butprogressisfaster___6___youarebornwith

therightskills.Personalityalsoplaysarole.Ifyouareveryopentonewexperiencesandifyouhavepsychopathic

traits(yes,asinthosesharedbyserialkillers)suchasbeingaggressiveandemotionallytough,youaremorelikely

___7___(consider)agenius.

Tomakethecontributions___8___theyareknown,allgeniusesdependonthesamegeneralprocess.Itstarts

withanunrestrainedsearchforideaswithoutforesightintotheirutility.Thishunttakesacreatordownmanydead­

endroads,causinghimorhertobacktrackandstartover.Thistrial-and-errorprocesseventuallyleadstoasolution

thatworks.Foranyonewhohasengagedinaprojectforwhichprogressishardtomeasureorthat___9___(seem)to

stall(拖延)，thistheoryisencouraging.Whenaproblemorendeavorisdifficult,weshouldprobablynotexpectour

researchtoproceedinalinear(直线的)fashion.Themanyseeminglywastedhours___10___(explore)roadsthat

leadnowheremayreallybenecessarytofindaneffectiveandinnovativesolution.

1.to2.what3.but4.a5.Nobody6.if7.tobeconsidered8.forwhich9.seems10.exploring

(C)

InatimeoflowacademicachievementbychildrenintheUnitedStates,manyAmericansareturningtoJapan,a

countryofhighacademicachievementandeconomicsuccess,forpossibleanswers._1_,theanswersprovidedby

JapanesepreschoolsarenottheonesAmericansexpectedtofind.InmostJapanesepreschools,—2—littleemphasis

isputonacademicinstruction.Inoneinvestigation,300Japaneseand210Americanpreschoolteachers,child

developmentspecialists,andparentswere_3—variousaspectsofearlychildhoodeducation.Only2percentofthe

Japaneserespondentslisted“togivechildrenagoodstart_4_"asoneoftheirtopthreereasonsforasocietyto

havepreschools.—5—,overhalftheAmericanrespondentschosethisasoneoftheirtopthreechoices.Toprepare

childrenforsuccessfulcareersinfirstgradeandbeyond,Japaneseschoolsdonotteachreading,writing,and

mathematics,butratherskillssuchaspersistence,concentration,andtheabilitytofunctionasamemberofa_6—.

ThevastmajorityofyoungJapanesechildrenaretaughttoread_7_bytheirparents.

Intherecent_8—ofJapaneseandAmericanpreschooleducation,91percentofJapaneserespondentschose

providingchildrenwithagroupexperienceasoneoftheirtopthreereasonsforasocietytohavepreschools.Sixty-

twopercentofthemoreindividuallyoriented(强调个性发展的)Americans_9_groupexperienceasoneoftheir

topthreechoices.A(n)_10_ontheimportanceofthegroupseeninJapaneseearlychildhoodeducationcontinues

intoelementaryschooleducation.

LikeinAmerica,thereis11inJapaneseearlychildhoodeducation.SomeJapanesekindergartenshave

_12_aims,suchasearlymusicaltrainingorpotentialdevelopment.Inlargecities,somekindergartensare_13_

universitiesthathaveelementaryandsecondaryschools.SomeJapaneseparentsbelievethatiftheiryoungchildren

attendauniversity-basedprogram,itwillincreasethechildren'schancesof_14_beingadmittedtotop-rated

schoolsanduniversities.Severalmoreprogressiveprogramshave_15—freeplayasawayoutfortheheavy

intellectualizinginsomeJapanesekindergartens.

1.A.InsteadB.HoweverC.FurthermoreD.Meanwhile

2.A.surprisinglyB.primarilyC.strangelyD.expectedly

3.A.criticizedforB.associatedwithC.devotedtoD.askedabout

4.A.mentallyB.physicallyC.academicallyD.financially

5.A.BeyonddescriptionB.Outofcuriosity

C.AfterallD.Incontrast

6.A.societyB.familyC.groupD.class

7.A.athomeB.bylawC.whenneededD.withpatience

8.A.considerationB.comparisonC.predictionD.examination

9.A.doubtedB.definedC.pretendedD.listed

10.A.emphasisB.agreementC.complimentD.congratulation

11.A.differenceB.diversityC.evidenceD.setback

12.A.specificB.far-reachingC.importantD.favorable

13.A.focusedonB.combinedwithC.attachedtoD.separatedfrom

14.A.happilyB.quicklyC.luckilyD.eventually

15.A.introducedB.inventedC.borrowedD.displayed

(D)BADCDCABDABACDA

(D)

Vocabulary

A.wideB.defendingC.individualsD.weakensE.signsF.missed

G.expandingH.experienceI.subjectsJ.formK.extra

Newresearchsuggeststhatspeakingmorethanonelanguagemaydelaydifferentkindsofdementia(痴

呆),whichisthelossofmentalability.Infact,researcherssay,speakingtwolanguagesappearstobemoreimportant

thanthelevelofeducationin_1—againstdementia.

AstudyinIndiaexaminedtheeffectofknowingmorethanonelanguageondelayingthefirst_2_ofseveral

disorders.Researchersstudiednearly650peoplewhoseaverageagewas66.And240ofthosestudiedsufferedfrom

Alzheimer'sdisease,themostcommon_3_ofmentaldecline.391ofthe_4_spoketwoormorelanguages.

Investigatorsfounddementiabeganaboutfourandahalfyearslaterinthosewhowerebilingualcomparedtothose

whospokeonlyonelanguage.

ThomasBakhelpedtoorganizethestudy.HeiswiththeCenterofCognitiveAgingattheUniversityof

EdinburghinScotland.Hesuggeststhat_5_whospeakmorethanonelanguagetraintheirbrainsbymovingback

andforthbetweendifferentwordsandexpressions.

Mr.Bakbelievesthiseffortimproveswhatscientistscalledexecutivefunctioningorattentiontotasks,andthat

thismentalabilityoften_6—inpeoplewithdementia.

Researchersfoundtherewasno_7_gaininspeakingmorethantwolanguages.Theyalsodidnotseeadelay

atthefirstsignsofdementiawithLewybodies,andthedisorder