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UNIT4SPACEEXPLORATION
IMi7课前,基础拉清单一(新语境再认再现•学案式应用盘点)
一、阅读词汇一一在词块中明义
1.ananalysisofpoverty对贫穷的分析
2.bekeenoncollectingstamps热衷于收集邮票
3.afatalaccident致命的事故
4.ashallowperson一个肤浅的人
5.sufficienttime充足的时间
6.theplanet*sorbit行星的轨道
7.anongoingdebate持续的辩论
8.Newton,slawofgravity牛顿万有引力定律
9.takeaspacewalk进行太空行走
10.thefirstastronauttoexplorespace第一个探索太空的宇航员
11.thesecretsoftheuniverse宇宙的奥秘
12.unmannedspacecraft无人飞船
二、表达词汇一一在语境中活用
(一)在括号内写出蓝体词汇在语境中的汉语意思
1.Wecanrecycleplasticbottles,(vl.回收利用)
2.Bemodest,otherwiseyouwillfallbehind,(adv.否贝U)
3.Herperformanceatyesterday'sconcertwasbeyondcompare,(prep.超出)
4.Shewasstaringathercomputermonitor.(/?.监视器)
5.Thecurrentsituationisverydisappointing,(adj.当前的)
6.Youaresupposedtoattacharecentphotographtoyourapplicationform.(vt.
贴)
7.Itsignalledonestepfurtherintheplantoestablishaspacestation,{vt.
标志着)
8.It'simportanttoensurethatthedatawecollectisaccurate.(〃.数据)
9.Scientistsmakevehiclestocarrypeopleintospace.(..交通工具)
10.Theenvironmenthasasignificantinfluenceonthementaldevelopmentof
thechildren,(adj.精神的)
11.Therocketlaunchedtwocommunicationssatellites.(〃.火箭;.上发射;n.
人造卫星)
12.Theyhaveastrongdesiretogoabroad.(〃.渴望)
13.Youcanbookticketsatyourlocaltravelagency.(〃.代理处)
14.Shehasthedeterminationthatherbrotherlacks.(匕缺乏)
15.TheInternetisoftenusedasaresourceandasatoolfordistancelearning.(〃.
资源)
16.Yesterdayishistory;tomorrowismystery;todayispresent.5.谜)
(二)写出蓝体词汇的语境之义及拓展形式
1.70%ofourglobe,ssurfaceiswater.(刀.地球)
拓展:global全球性的;全世界的
2.Theyarguecontinuallyaboutmoney,(vi.争论)
拓展:argumentn.争论;争吵;论点
3.Tokeephealthy,youshouldgetregularexercise,(adj.定期的)
拓展:regularlyadv.经常;定期地
4.Unfortunately,mytimeislimited,ladi.有限的)
拓展:limit〃.限制;极限;界限区.限制
5.HeisadeterminedmanandIadmirehisdetermination,(adi.意志坚定的;n.
决心)
拓展:detennin。vt.查明;确定;决定
6.Ifeltdisappointedathisdecision,(adj.失望的)
拓展:disappointvt.使失望一disa5Pointin/adj.令人失望的fdisaopointmentn.失
望
7.Mymotherisastrong-mindedandindependentwoman,(adj.自立的)
拓展:independentlyadv.自立地;独立地findependencen.独立
8.Susanisaverybrightandintelligentwoman,(adj.聪明的)
拓展:intell展encen.智力;聪明;智能
三、词块短语一一在语境中辨义活用
(写出加蓝部分在语境中的汉语意思)
1.Hehastwochildrentoprovidefor.提供生活所需
2.Inclosing,spaceexplorationprovidestheworldwithvariousbenefits.
最后
3.Thebatteryonmymobilephonehasrunout,soIcan'ttelephoneyou.耗尽
4.Asaresult,serviceshavebeensharplyreduced.所以
5.Haveyoufiguredouthowmuchitwillcostduringtheholiday?弄清楚
6.Henotedeverydetailsoastofixthesceneinhismind.为了
7.Icalledearlyinthehopeofcatchingherbeforeshewenttowork.抱着...
的希望
8.It'sreportedthattheaccidentresultedinthedeathoftwopeople.导致
9.CarryonwithyourworkwhileI'maway.继续做
10.Havethepassengersgoneonboardyet?在船上
四、经典句式一一在佳句背诵中品悟规则用法
1.
Afterwards,theUSSRfocusedonsendingpeopleintospace,andon12Apri1
1961,YuriGagarinbecamethefirstpersonintheworldtogointo
教材原句space.(不定式短语作后置定语)
之后,苏联专注于载人太空飞行。1961年4月12日,尤里•加加林成为世界
上进入太空的第一人。
Mostimportantly,theelderlyarethefirsttotastethedeliciousfood
写作亮句becausetheyarewellrespectedinChina.
最重要的是,老人是第一个品尝美食的人,因为在中国老人很受尊重。
Confidenceinyourselfisthefirststepontheroadtosuccess.
文化典句
自信是走向成功的第一步.
2.
Sendingpeopletootherplanetsorevenbeyondthesolarsystemisnot
教材原句aneasygoaltoachieve.(\)e+adj./n.+todo)
把人送到其他星球或者甚至太阳系以外不是一个容易实现的目标。
(2020•全国卷I书面表达)Heissowarm-heartedandeasy-goingthatheis
写作亮句easytogetalongwith.
他热心和随和,很容易相处。
五、“续写”片段一一在背诵中品悟如何写靓写美
心理或动作描写之“惊呆与轻松”
Silentlyandsecretly,Islippedintotheyardoftheoldlady.Ilookedaround
andtherewasnothingbutsilence.Holdingmybreath,IgottheenvelopeIdidn't
signjammedinherdoor.AsImademywayout,thestonewhichhadhunginmyheart
forthreeweekswaseventuallygone.Isatonthegroundinrelief,staringatthe
sparklingstarssmilingtome.Ievenlookedforwardtotomorrow'sarrival.
悄悄地溜进了老太太的院子,我环顾四周,周围一片寂静。我屏住呼吸,把我没有签名
的信封卡到了她的门上。当我走出去的时候,悬在我心上三个星期的石头终于不见了。我如
释重负地坐在地上,凝视着向我微笑的闪闪发光的星星。我甚至期待着明天的到来。
[点评]本段用"silentlyandsecretly,siipinto,holdmybreathw等来表达作
者紧张的心理;用“...thestonewhichhadhunginmyheartforthreeweekswas
eventuallygone,thesparklingstarssmilingtome”来表达作者如释重负的心理,这
里用“stone”比喻“压力”,"smiling”是拟人用法,更形象生动地突出了作者压力过后
的轻松。
2课堂,深化学习单(全面性诊断自查•重点性解惑扫盲)
一、单词除短语——层级突破.梯度提能
低阶词汇练中过
1.determine查明;确定;决定
[题点全练](单句语法填空)
①We'vedeterminedon/uponstayingathomeduringtheholidays.
②(2020•全国卷I书面表达)WhentheepidemicofCOVID-19brokeout,he
determinedtobecome(become)avolunteerwhoworkedasagateguardinour
community.
③Determined(determine)toperformwellinthefinalexam,I'moccupiedin
preparingforit.
[系统归纳]
(1)determineon/upon(doing)sth.决定(做)某事
determinetodosth.决定做某事(表示动作)
(2)determinedadj.有决心的;意志坚定的
bedeterminedtodosth.决心做某事(表示状态)
考查时常把determinedtodosth.作状语的用法作为考查点,有类似用法的还有lostin,
caughtin,absorbedin等。
2.arguevt.&〃论证;争辩;争论
[题点全练](单句语法填空)
@Asourfamilyincomedecreased,Fatherarguedagainstanincreaseinourpocket
money.
②It'snousearguingwithhimaboutthequestionforhewon'tchangehisopinion.
③Mostofthemembersarguedforhisplan,whichmadehimsatisfied.
©Theyarguedhimintowithdrawinghiscomplaint.
⑤Whydidhehaveanargument(argue)withhiswifeyesterday?
[系统归纳]
(1)arguewithsb.about/oversth.与某人争论某事
arguefor/againststh.赞成/反对某事
argueo/outofdoingsth.说服某人做/不做某事
(2)argumentn.争论;争吵;论点
haveanargumentwith与争论/争吵
3.resultin导致;造成
[题点全练]
单句语法填空/同义句转换
①Hisstomachacheresultedfromhiseatingtoomuch.
②Hiseatingtoomuchresultedinhisstomachache.(用resultin改写①句)
选词填空(asaresult/asaresultof)
③Peoplehavebetteraccesstohealthcarethantheyused
to.Asaresult,they'relivinglonger.
④Asaresultofyourcarelessness,theplanshouldbeputoffforatleastone
month.
[系统归纳]
resultfrom由……造成;因……而产生
asaresult所以;结果(是)
asaresultof...作为……的结果
4.runout用完;耗尽
[题点全练]
单句语法填空/同义句转换
①Weranoutoftimebeforetheparty.
②Theygaveoutafteralongjourney.
③Allthesupplieshadbeenusedunbeforetheygotrescued.
④Timeranoutbeforetheparty.(用runout改写①句)
[系统归纳]
(Drunoutof意为“用完了”,是及物动词短语,表示主动意义,主语一般是人。
(2)runout意为“……用完了”,是不及物动词短语,其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱
等名词。
(3)giveout意为“用尽;筋疲力尽”,为不及物动词短语。
(4)useup意为“用完;消耗尽”,为及物动词短语。
高阶词汇讲练通
1.disappointeda/:失望的;沮丧的
[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Peopleweredisappointedat/by/withthenewsthatthesatellitehadbeen
launchedunsuccessfully.
©Afterhisattempt,Campbellwasdisappointedtolearn(learn)thathisaverage
speedhadbeen299milesperhour.
③Hewasdisappointedthatotherguestswerenotcoming.
其他客人没有来,他感到失望。
[进阶学习]
bedisappointedat/with/bysth,对某事感到失望
系统归纳bedisappointedtodosth.因做某事而失望
bedisappointedthat...对...感到失望/沮丧
(1)及物动词disappoint意为“使失望/沮丧”,后面常接名词作宾语。
(2)disappointing常表示事物具有的性质或特征;disappointed常表示人所
难点解释处的状态。
(3)muchtoone,sdisappointment=toone,sgreatdisappointment使某
人非常失望的是
[练重难点](选词填空/完成句子)
④Onebyone,theapplicantslefttheinterviewer'sofficewithdisappointed
looksontheirfaces,(disappointed/disappointing)
⑤Muchtomydisappointment,Ifoundhehadtoldalietohismother,(much/great)
@Whatdisappointsmomostisthatonly10%ofthestudentschoosetoreadin
theirsparetimeinordertoacquireknowledgeandimprovewritingability.
最令我感到失望的是,只有百分之十的学生为了获取知识和提高写作能力而在空闲时间
选择阅读。
2.desire/?.渴望;欲望必渴望;期望
[题点全练](单句语法填空)
①Theboyhasadesireforasmartphonewithalargeinternalmemory.
②Manyanexchangestudenthasadesiretolearn(learn)Chineseculture.
③Hismotherdesiredhimtobecome(become)anarchitectafterhegrewup.
④Theydesiretohelp(help)thosewhoareinneedofhelp.
[进阶学习]
(l)haveadesiretodosth.渴望做某事
haveadesireforsth.渴望得到某物
系统归纳
(2)desiretodosth.渴望做某事
desiresb.todosth.渴望某人做某事
(1)名词desire前可以加入strong或burning的修饰成分,表示程度。
难点解释(2)动词desire后跟that从句中的谓语动词常使用“(should)do...”的
形式。
[练重难点]
句式升级(在①句中名词desire前加入修饰成分)
⑤Theboyhasastrong/burningdesireforasmartphonewithalargeinterna
1memory.
句型转换(把③句变为复合句)
⑥Hismotherdesiredthathe(should)becomeanarchitectafterhegrewup.
3.lackn.缺乏;短缺九,没有;缺乏
[题点全练](单句语法填空)
①Thereisalackofknowledgeaboutthenewlaw.
②Forlackofhumanprotection,thenumberofYangtzeFinlessPorpoiseis
becomingsmallerandsmaller.
[进阶学习]
(1)forlackof因缺乏...
alackof缺乏...
系统归纳
(2)lackingadj.短缺的;缺乏的
belackingin缺少...
lack作名词时常与介词of连用;作动词时可作及物动词直接加宾语(不能用于
难点解释
被动语态和进行时),也可作不及物动词,后常与介词for连用。
[练重难点](单句语法填空)
③Thoughlacking(lack)money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtoauniversity.
©Lackingforsufficientoxygen,theastronautcouldnotcarryonwithhis
mission.
©ThoughJackwaslackinginexperience,hemadeupforitinenthusiasm.
4.attach系;绑;贴
[题点全练](单句语法填空/完成句子)
©Fatheraskedmetoattachastamptotheenvelopeandmai1it.
②Thishospitalattached(attach)tothemedicalcollegenearbywasdestroyed
intheflood.
©Chinesepeopleattach-reatimportancetotheseatingorderatformal
dinners.
中国人非常重视在正式宴会上的座次顺序。
[进阶学习]
(1)attach...to附上;连接
attachimportance/significance/valuetosth.认为...有重要性/忌义/价
系统归纳
值
(2)beattachedto附属于;依恋
(1)attach...to...中的to为介词,其后跟名词、动名词等
(2)以下两个基本用法的变形是营造写作亮点的重要手段:
难点解释
Greatimportanceisattachedtosth.非常重视...(被动语态)
withsth.attachedtosth....上附....
[练重难点]
句式升级(用被动语态改写③句)
④Greatimportanceisattachedtotheseatingorderatformaldinnersby
Chinesepeople.
用with复合结构完成句子
©LocatedinShandongProvince,MountTaihaslongbeenapopulartourist
attraction,withmanyChineselegendarystoriesattachedtoit.
泰山位于山东省,长期以来一直是受欢迎的旅游胜地,许多中国传奇故事都与之有关。
二、句式蜀写作——“仿”中学通•提档增分
急卷迄句式一仿用是目标
不定式短语作后置定语
[用法规则]
英语中常用不定式作后置定语的情况主要有:
(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级,thenext,theonly,thelast等
修饰时。
(2)抽象名词time,way,ability,reason,chance,courage,opportunity等后常用
不定式作定语。
(3)不定代词something,nothing,little等后常用不定式作定语。
[应用体验](完成句子)
①Heisalwaysthefirsttobearhardshipsandthelasttoenjoycomforts.
他是一个总是吃苦在前、享乐在后的人。
②It'ssaidthatshehastheabilitytodothechallenningworkwell.
据说她有能力做好这项具有挑战性的工作。
③Ihavesomethingimportantabouttheconstructioninthedowntowntotellyou,
我有一些关于市区建设的要事要告诉你。
®惹,■写作——仿写最实效
I写作主题一一太空探索I
“太空探索”这一主题内容涉及人类探索太空的历史与成就(包括我国航天事业的发展
和成就)、太空中的生活、火星探索计划、天文百科知识,以及关于“人类耗费时间和金钱
去探索太空是否值得”这一话题的讨论等。该主题有利于引导学生关注人类太空探索的进
程,不仅是为了开阔学生视野,更重要的是让学生感受和体会科学家以及宇航员们为航空航
天事业的发展不断努力、勇于开拓的精神。这种精神激励学生勤奋学习、刻苦钻研、不畏挫
折,努力探索自己的发展道路,为国家科技事业的发展奉献自己的智慧和力量。
■Di多读多悟一由教材范文学亮点写法
ISEXPLORINGSPACE
AWASTEOFTIMEANDMONEY?
(节选自人教版教材必修第三册UNIT4)
Countriesaroundtheglobearespendingbi11ionsofdollarsandlotsoftime
onvariousspacemissions,whethertoMarsorotherplanetsmuchfurtheraway.Some
peoplearguethatweshouldstopwastingtimeandmoneyexploringspace.Instead,
weshouldfeedtheworld'spoorandfindimmediatesolutionstootherproblems,such
aspollutionandfataldiseases.❶However,othersfeelthisisashallowviewwhich
failstorealisehowexploringspacehelpsus.(先介绍了人们关于太空探索是否值得
这一争议,然后运用however话音一转,为本篇文章奠定了基调,即太空探索对我们有帮助)
Firstly,exploringspacehasalreadymadeadifferenceinthefightagainstworld
hunger.IthasdirectlyresultedinthemanysatellitesthatnoworbitEarth.Anumber
ofthesatellitesrecorddataonlandandweatherpatterns.Thenthedatais
transmittedtoscientistsonEarth.Aftercarefulanalysis,thescientistscan
provideusefulrecommendationsandadviceforfarmers.Asaresult,space-based
sciencehashelpedfarminginitseffortstogrowenoughfoodtofeedEarth's
increasingpopulation.(从太空探索在与世界饥饿的斗争中发挥的作用的角度进行了说
明)
Secondly,spaceexplorationhasalreadypromotedtechnologicalimprovements
thatbenefitusall.High-endproductsaroundtheworldaremadetoahigherstandard
nowbecauseofadvancedtechnologywhichwasfirstcreatedtomeettherequirements
forspaceexploration.Forexample,spacetechnologieshavehelpedtheresearchand
developmentofdifferenttypesofnewmaterial.Theyhavealsohelpedcompaniesmake
betterheartmonitorsandothermachinesthatdoctorsregularlyuse.Today,space
technologiesarewidelyusedinallkindsofindustries,andeverydayproductssuch
asmemoryfoampillowsandsmartphonecameras,arechangingourlives.(从太空探
索促进技术进步的角度进行了说明)
Finally,sendingastronautsintospacehashelpedpeopletothinkaboutthe
world5sproblemsandeventofindwaystosolvethem.Seeingpicturesofourplanet
asanislandinablackseamadepeoplerealisethatourplanet'sresourcesare
limited.❷Inordertoprovideforsucharapidlyincreasingpopulation,scientists
aretryingtofindotherplanetsthatcouldonedaybeournewhome.Thegreatest
attentionatpresentisonMarsbecauseitisclosertoEarth.Inthefuture,humans
mayliveonbothplanets.(从太空探索促进人们思考全球问题、找到解决问题的方法的角
度进行了说明)
Inclosing,exploringspaceprovidestheworldwithmanydifferent
benefits.Therefore,itshouldcontinuesoastoprovidenewandbettersolutions
topeople'sshort-termandlong-termproblems.(总括了太空探索的益处,表明太空探
索应该继续下去这一观点)
由教材学写法
1.学亮点词汇
第一段中的shallow形象地描述了一些人对太空探索的肤浅的、片面的认知。第二段中
用makeadifference写太空探索的影响,用directly一词强调其在绕地卫星方面的积极
贡献,段尾用asaresult引出本段主题。第三段中的promote,improvement,benefit,
advanced等词是描述科技领域的积极影响时的常用词。
2.学高级句式
句❶中which引导定语从句,修饰先行词view,解释了为什么说这一观点是肤浅的。
句❷是一个主从复合句,句子用Inorderto引出目的状语,that引导定语从句,修
饰先行词planets,语言精练地表达了科学家们正在努力寻找其他行星是因为它们有可能成
为我们的新家园,以便满足地球上快速增长的人口需求。
3.学行文逻辑
本文为“总一分一总”的结构。文章先是介绍了人们对太空探索存在的争议性看法,
然后给出自己的观点,进而从三个方面对其进行论证、阐述。文章最后重申了对这一论点的
支持态度。整篇文章用词严谨、逻辑缜密、论证清晰,令人信服。
|g|多积素材注重积累,充盈写作语料库
I.多积词块一一丰富表达方式
1.artificialsatellite人造卫星
2.discovernewresources发现新资源
3.putforward提出
4.solarsystem太阳系
5.returntotheearth返回地球
6.closeto靠近;亲近;临近
7.ontheotherhand另一方面
8.spacestation太空站;空间站
9.spaceexploration太空探索
10.theouterspace外太空
11.mannedspaceship/spacecraft载人飞船
12.cometrue实现
13.conductanexperiment进行实验
14.inthelongrun从长远来看
15.energyshortages能源短缺
II.多积佳句一一彰显表达功底
1.Ihavelongbeeninterestedinspaceexploration.
长期以来,我一直对太空探索感兴趣。
2.Thejourneytoouterspaceandotherplanetsisnotadreamanymore.
去外太空和其他星球的旅行不再是一个梦想。
3.Althoughlivinginspaceisnoteasyandverycostly,thecostsareworth
it.
虽然在太空生活不容易,也很昂贵,但付出是值得的。
4.Thereisnodoubtthatwebenefitalotfromthescientificadvancementsin
manydifferentways.
毫无疑问,我们在许多不同的方面受益于科学的进步。
5.WeChineseareproudofwhatwehaveachievedinthepasttwodecades.
我们中国人都为我们在过去二十年中所取得的成就感到骄傲。
|9|多思多练一有趣又有效的片段练笔
一、作文补写表达亮
下面这篇文章介绍了班级对“太空探索是否值得”这一问题进行的讨论,请根据提示,
运用上面所学,将文章补充完整。
Studentsinourclasshadadiscussionon❶
whetherexploringthespacewasworth
itornot(探索太空是否值得;动名词短语作主语).30%ofusthinkspaceexploration
isnotworthwhile.Theythink❷spaceisnotclosetoourlife(太空与我们的生活
不密切).And❸themoneyspentonspaceexploration(花在太空探索上的钱;非谓语
动词短语作定语)canbeusedonstarvation,pollutionandsoon.
❹Ontheotherhand(另一方面),70%areforitbecauseusingsatellitesfor
communicationandweatherforecast❺hasbenefitedusalot(已经让我们获益匪
浅).Also,spaceresearchOwillenableustodiscovernewresources(将使得我们
有能力发现新资源)andevenmovetootherplanets,❼
solvingtheproblemofenergyshortages(解决能源短缺问题;分词短语作状语)and
growingpopulationontheEarth.
二、看图写作善联想
Wearebuildingourownspacestationasaplatformforhumanity'sexplorat
ionofspace.Althoughlivinginspaceisnoteasyandvonycostly,thecostsar
eworthit.Firstly,themicroHravityconditionsonthespacestationcanhelpo
btainexperimentalresultsthatareimpossibletogetonEarth.Besides,thevas
tuniverseisatreasurehouseforhumanstoexplore.Also,theChinesespacest
ationwillputforwardnewrequirementsforIhedevelopmentofvariousfields,
andthenpromotetheimprovementoftheoverallscientificandtechnologicalle
vel.
H3课下•训练二联单(理解技能保准度•表达技能上高度)
课时作业(一)语篇阅读训练一一保准度
1.阅读理解
A
(2023•佛山二模)Thefutureofspaceexplorationmaydependonanartformfrom
thepast:origami(折纸艺术),theancientartofpaperfolding.
ResearchersfromWashingtonStateUniversity(WSU),US,haveusedorigamito
possiblysolvetheproblemofstoringandmovingfueltorocketengines,akey
challengeinspacetravel,accordingtoNewswise,They,vedevelopedafoldable
plasticfuelubladder(囊状物)“resistanttosupercoldtemperatures,whichcould
beusedtostoreandpumpfuelinspacecraftsofthefuture.Theirfindingshave
recentlybeenpublishedinthejournalCryogenics.
“Folkshavebeentryingtomakebagsforrocketfuelforalongtime,“said
JakeLeachman,oneoftheleadresearchers."Wecurrentlydon'tdolarge,
long-durationtripsbecausewecan'tstorefuellongenoughinspace.”
Meanwhile,NASAisalsolookingtopaperfoldingtohelpobservedistant
planets.TheagencyiscurrentlydevelopingStarshade,afoldable,sunflower-shaped
pieceofhardwarethatwouldhelpblockstarlightandenabletelescopestoview
distantobjectsmoreclearlyinspace.
“Ahugepartofmyjobislookingatsomethingonpaperandasking,'Canwe
flythis?'"MananArya,atechnologistinCalifornia,said.u0nceIrealizedthis
ishowyoufoldspacecraftstructures,Ibecameinterestedinorigami.Irealized
Iwasgoodatitandenjoyedit.Now,Ifoldconstantly.”
Usingorigamiforspacepurposesisn,tnew,however.Solararrays(太阳能阵歹!J),
experimentalwingsforspaceshuttleprogramsandaninflatable(可充气的)satellite
werealsoinspiredbyorigamiinbothpastandpresentspaceprojects.
“Withmostorigami,themagiccomesfromthefolding,“RobertSalazar,who
helpeddesigntheStarshadeandnowworksontheTransformersproject,saidina
statement."Therearesomanypatternstostillbeexplored.”
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了折纸艺术在太空探索中的广泛应用。
1.Whichcanbethesuitabletitleforthetext?
A.Foldingintospace.
B.Theartofpaperfolding.
C.Spaceexploration.
D.Theorigami-inspiredprojects.
解析:选A标题归纳题。通读全文,结合第一段内容“Thefutureof,theancient
artofpaperfolding."可知,本文主要讲述了折纸艺术在太空探索中的广泛应用。
2.Howcouldthe“bladder“helpinfuturemissions?
A.Toprotectspacecraftsfromextremeweather.
B.Tobeusedtostoreandsupplyfuelinspacecrafts.
C.Tohelprocketenginescutenergyconsumption.
D.Tobeusedtoimproveenergyefficiency.
解析:选B细节理解题。根据第二段中"They'vedeveloped...inspacecraftsof
thefuture."可知,囊状物被用来在航天器中存储和提供燃料。
3.WhatcanweknowaboutNASA'sStarshade?
A.Itcanbeusedtogettelescopesclosertostars.
B.Itcanenlargetheviewoftelescopesinspace.
C.Itcanabsorbastar'slightbeforeitenterstelescopes.
D.Itcanhelptelescopesgetclearerpicturesofobjectsinspace.
解析:选D细节理解题。根据第四段中“Theagencyis...toviewdistantobjects
moreclearlyinspace.”可知,NASA的Starshade可以帮助望远镜获得更清晰的太空物
体图像。
4.Whichsectionisthistextfrom?
A.Atraveljournal.B.Adigest.
C.Asciencereport.D.Anadvertisement.
解析:选C推理判断题。通读全文,结合第二段第一句可知,本文主要讲述了折纸艺
术在太空探索中的广泛应用,所以文章是一篇科学报道。
B
Themoon,whichhasexperiencedadistinctandcomplexgeologicalhistory,
presentsastrikingappearance.Themoonmaybedividedintotwomajorterrains:
theMaria(darklowlands)andtheTerrace(brighthighlands).Thecontrastinthe
reflectivity(thecapabilityofreflectinglight)ofthesetwoterrainssuggested
tomanyearlyobserversthatthetwoterrainsmighthavedifferentcompositions,
andthisassumptionwasconfirmedbymissionstothemoonsuchasSurveyorandApollo.
Oneofthemostobviousdifferencesbetweentheterrainsisthesmoothnessof
theMariaincontrasttotheroughnessofthehighlands.Thisroughnessismostly
causedbytheabundanceofcraters:thehighlandsarecompletelycoveredbylarge
craters,whilethecratersoftheMariatendtobemuchsmaller.Itisnowknown
thatthevastmajorityofthemoon'scraterswereformedbytheimpactofsolidbodies
withthelunarsurface.
Mostofthenearsideofthemoonwasthoroughlymappedandstudiedfrom
telescopicpicturesyearsbeforetheageofspaceexploration.Earth-based
telescopescanrecognizeobjectsassmallasafewhundredmetersonthelunarsurface.
Closeobservationofcraters,combinedwiththewaythemoondiffuselyreflects
sunlight,ledtotheunderstandingthatthemooniscoveredbyasurfacelayerwith
strange,windingmarks.Althoughvariouslandformswerediscovered,themajority
ofastronomers'attentionwasfixedoncratersandtheirorigins.
Astronomershaveknownforafairlylongtimethattheshapeofcraterschanges
astheyincreaseinsize.Smallcratershaverelativelysimpleshapes.Theyhave
round-edgedtopsthatareraisedabovethesurroundingterrain,smooth,bowl-shaped
insides,anddepthsthatareaboutone-sixththeirdiameters.Thecomplexityofshape
increasesforlargercraters.
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章指出月球经历了独特而复杂的地质历史,呈现出惊
人的外观。文中详细介绍了月球的地表特征以及区别。
5.Whatdoesthetextmainlydiscuss?
A.TheaimoftheSurveyorandApollospacemissions.
B.Characteristicsofthemajorterrainsofthemoon.
C.Theoriginofthemoon,scraters.
D.Techniquesusedtodiscoverthemoon,slandforms.
解析:选B主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Themoon,whichhasexperienced...the
Terrace(brighthighlands).并结合文章详细介绍了月球的地表特征以及区别可知,本
文主要介绍了月球的地表特征。故选B。
6.WhyaretheSurveyorandApollomissionsmentioned?
A.Toconfirmearliertheor
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