Unit2SctionAGrammar写作预习指导（知识点练习题）-人教版英语八年级下册

八年级英语下册Unit2Grammar写作预习指导一、知识点一、语法（一）can和could用于表示“许可”、“请求”表示“请求”时，用could比can更婉转；could也可表示过去的许可。Eg:(1)Canyougowithme？你能跟我一起走吗？(2)HesaidIcouldgoshopping.他说我可以去购物。(3)CouldIaskyousomething?我能问你些事吗？（二）动词不定式作宾语：是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to+动词原形”。其中to只是一种符号，并非为介词。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、宾语和状语等。*动词不定式作宾语的用法：1.常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：want,hope,decide,choose,wouldlike,like,plan,fail等Eg:IdecidedtogotoBeijingbyplane.我决定坐飞机去北京。2.Know,ask,show,teach,guess,findout,understand等动词短语后可用“疑问句+动词不定式”结构Eg:PleaseteachmehowtolearnEnglishwell.请教我如何学好英语。3.Like,love,begin,start等动词后即可接动词不定式，也可接动名词，意义上差别不大。Eg:IlikesingingbutIdon’tliketosing.我喜欢唱歌，但我现在不想唱歌。4.“Find,think,feel+it+形容词+动词不定式”结构，其中it为形式宾语，动词不定式为真正主语。Eg:IfinditdifficulttolearnEnglish.我发现学英语很难。知识讲解1.homelesspeople无家可归的人后缀less表示否定意义“没有；无”后缀ful表示肯定意义“有”Eg:hope(动词)“希望”hopeless(形容词)“无望的”hopeful(形容词)“希望的”Use(动词)“使用”useless(形容词)“无用的”useful(形容词)“有用的”2.Onceaweek一周一次就其提问是需用howoftenEg:Howoftendoyouvisityourparents?Twiceaweek.你多久看望一次你的父母？一周两次。3.Cheer...up使...兴奋；为...加油Eg:Let’scheerherup.让我们为她加油吧。4.Tryout尝试Eg:Shewantstotryoutforavolunteer.她想要尝试做一名志愿者。5.Aroundtheschool在学校附近Eg:Thereisabookshoparoundtheschool.学校附近有一家书店。6.put常见搭配：putup张贴；搭建；举起Puton穿上Putaway收起来Putout扑灭Putdown放下Putback放回原处Eg:Iwanttoputoffmyplantoworkinananimalhospital.我想要推迟我在一家宠物医院工作的计划。（动词不定式作定语）7.Handout=giveout分发Eg:Wewillgive/handoutthemoneyfromthesaletohomelesspeople.我们将从售卖中分发一些钱给无家可归之人。8.Callup打Eg:Shehopestocallupatleastfiveprimaryschoolstoask.她希望打给至少5所小学问问。9eupwith想出Eg:Wearetryingtoeupwithsomeideas.我们正在试着想一些主意。10.If“如果”常常用来引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则If“是否”常常用来引导宾语从句，时态随具体情况而定。Eg:Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,wewillhaveapicnicinthepark.如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园野餐。Idon’tknowifshewilletomorrow.我不知道明天她是否回来。11.Bebusywithsth.=bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事Eg:Mymumisbusywithhousework.=Mymumisbusydoingherhousework.我的妈妈正在忙着家务。12.Beworriedabout...=worryabout...担心...Eg:Sheisworriedaboutherexam.她很担心她的考试。13.work与job区别：work多指体力劳动也可指脑力劳动，通常都以挣钱为目的，有时也指机器干的工作。job多用于口语，侧重指受雇佣的、以谋生目的的工作。Eg:Hegotsomeworktodo.他有一些工作要做。He’stryingtogetajob.他正在找工作。14.Inone’sfreetime在某人空闲时间Eg:Sheoftenreadsbooksinherfreetime.她经常在空闲时间读书。15.Afewdays“几天”Little/alittle/few/afew区别Little“几乎没有”表否定意义，常用来修饰不可数名词Alittle“还有一点”表肯定意义，常用来修饰不可数名词Few“几乎没有”表否定意义，常用来修饰可数名词复数Afew“还有一点”表肯定意义，常用来修饰可数名词复数Eg:Wehavelittlemilk,let’sbuysome.Wehavealittlemilk,youcandrinkit.Wehaveafewapples,youcaneatit.Wehavefewapples,let’sbuysome.16.Agoodwaytodosth.做某事的好方法Eg:WatchingEnglishmoviesisagoodwaytolearnEnglish.看英语电影是学英语的一种好方法。17.Inthehospital在医院里Inhospital住院Eg:Mikeisill,heisinhospitalnow.马克生病了，他现在在住院。18.Raisemoneyfor...为...筹钱Eg:Weraisedmoneyfortheoldpeople.我们为这些老人筹钱。19.Stoptodosth.停下来去做另一件事Stopdoingsth.停止正在做的事Eg:We’retired,let’sstoptohavearest.我们累了，让我们停下来休息一下。We’retired,let’sstopworking.我们累了，让我们停止工作。写作本单元写作主题为：讨论如何成为“志愿者工作”该话题通常有两种形式，一是呼吁人们参加志愿者工作，二是描述自己参加过的志愿者工作。写作步骤：第一步：明确写作时态：常用一般过去时；第二步：按照事情发生的顺序进行描写；第三步：描述自己的感受。注意：灵活使用动词短语。常用短语：Helpoutwith...帮忙解决...Giveaway赠送Giveout分发eupwith提出Lookafter照顾Astrongfeelingofsatisfaction强烈的满足感常见句型：LastSaturday,Ididsomevolunteerworkwithothervolunteers.上周，我和其他自愿者坐了一些志愿者工作。Therose’sinherhand,theflavorinmine.赠人玫瑰，手有余香。Helpingothersisavirtue.助人为乐是一种美德。范文：LastSaturday,wevisitedahopeschool.Itwasagreatwaytoknowsomeotherchildren’slife.Wehadapartywiththestudentsthere.Wealsohelpedthemcleanuptheirclassrooms.Theheadteachertoldussomestoriesaboutsomehardworkingstudentswhowerefromverypoorfamilies.Andinordertoraisemoneyforthem,weheldabigsaleonourschoolplaygroundthenextdaytohelpthem.IthinkbeingavolunteerisreallygreatandI’dliketohelpmorepeople.二、练习题一、用所给词的首字母或汉语提示完成单词1.Shelookssad,let’sgoandc______herup.2.Shedoesn’thavefriendsinhernewschool.Soshefeelsvery_______(孤独的).3.Ididn’thavebreakfast.NowIhaveaf________ofhunger.4.Shewantstobea_______(志愿者).5.Idon’tu________yourmeaning.Pleasesayitagain.二、用所给词的适当形式填空1.Ihope______(be)avolunteerinanafterschoolreadingprogram.2.Mymumaskedme_______(finish)myhomeworkbeforedinner.3.Wecan’tputoff_______(do)ourhomeworkuntiltomorrow.4.Theirhelpmakesmefeel_________(excite)andhappy.5.Whatmadethechildren_______(laugh)loudly?三、单项选择()1.Canyou______thelifewithoutelectricity?A.imagineB.thinkC.tellD.talk()2.Iehere______formydictionaryyouborrowedfrommetwoweeksago.A.askB.askingC.toaskD.asked()3.Whydoweeatvegetableseveryday,Mum?_______healthy,mydear.A.TokeepB.KeepC.KeepingD.Kept()4.Weneedto______upwithaplanonCleanupDay.A.goBeC.workD.study()5.Amandafeels______becausesheisnewhere.Itry______friendswithher.A.lone;tomakeB.lonely;makeC.lonely;tomakeD.alone;make四、翻译句子1.你明天要去食物赈济处分发食物吗？Willyougoto____________foodatthefoodbanktomorrow?2.让我们去照顾那些贫穷的孩子。Let’sgoto________________thosepoorchildren.3.你到北京时请给我打个。Please_______________whenyouarriveinBeijing.4.我的意思是，我们所有人有一天也会老。Imean,we’reallgoingto__________oneday,too.5.听起来很有趣。That______________.五、完形填空ItiswellknownthatEnglishmenalwaysgooutwithanumbrellaoraraincoat,why?1.______theweatherinBritainoftenchangesquickly.Itisnotveryusualforthesamekindofweatherto2.______long.Springcanberainyorwindy3.______theweatherisgettingwarmerandyoucanhopeformoresunnydays.Infact,there4.______asmuchsunshineinspringasinsummer.Summeris5._______timeforvisitorstogototheseasideandotherplacesofinterest.Theweathercanbesunnyandnice.Peopleoftengoouttohaveawalkorswim.Autumnisabeautifulseason6.______treesinthewoods(森林)andparkschangingcolor.Duringautumn,itisstillnicetobeoutside,too.Inwinter,itgetscold.Itmaysnow,especiallyonhighlandsandinthenorth.Thereare7._____verystrongwindsinthisseason.JanuaryandFebruaryarethecoldest8._____oftheyear,whilethewarmestmonths9._____oftenJulyandAugust.Thedifferenceintemperature10._____winterandsummerisnotsogreatinBritain.Theaverage(平均)temperatureforwinterisabout4.5℃,andforsummer,itisabout15.5℃.()1.A.ForB.AsC.BecauseD.So()2.A.makeB.stayC.changeD.take()3.A.butB.andC.orD.for()4.A.canB.canbeC.haveD.canhave()5.A.theearliestB.thelatestC.theworstD.thebest()6.A.withB.likeC.withoutD.from()7.A.AalsoB.tooC.eitherD.neither()8.A.seasonsB.weatherC.monthsD.years()9.A.isB.areC.wasD.were()10.A.inB.onC.ofD.between六、选词填空（选择所给词的适当形式填空，每空一词，有两个多余）happy;keep;see;call;baby;break;put;noise;sad;show;voice;byOneday,whenBillwaswalkinghomefromschool,hehearda1.______ingfromthebushes(灌木).Hewentoverto2.______whatitwasbehindabush.Hefoundablackdog,Billwentbackhomeassoonashecouldwiththedogand3.______hertohisparents.Bill’sdadfoundthatthedoghada4._______leg,sotheybroughtthedogtoadoctorforanimals5._____car.OnthewayBill’sparentsdecidedthatBillcould6._______thedogiftheycouldn’tfindtheownerofthedog.Whentheyarrived,thedoctorcheckedthedog.HetoldBillthatshewasgoingtohave7.______!Thenextday,Bill8.______upsignslike“FOUNDDOGBACK”aroundhisneighborhood.Healsowrotehisfamily’sphonenumberonthesigns.Twodayslater,Billgota/an9.______fromtheownerofthedog.TheownerthankedBill.Whenhecametopickuphisdog,hesaidBillcouldhaveoneofthebabies,Billwasvery10.______!FinallyBillgotababydogfromtheowner.HenamedhimRoscoandlikedhimverymuch.七、书面表达假如你是李明，本周班会上，你将代表老师用英语通知学生参加一次敬老院的公益活动。要点：1.星期天早上8:30在校门口集合，乘公交车前往2.给老人们赠送班级礼物1.打扫卫生，整理房间2.唱