2023-2024学年山东省日照市莒县一中高考英语必刷试卷含解析

2023-2024学年山东省日照市莒县一中高考英语必刷试卷注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0．5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Theincomesofskilledworkerswentup.,unskilledworkerssawtheirearningsfall.A．Moreover B．ThereforeC．Meanwhile D．Otherwise2．Theboywaswavinghisstickinthestreetandit________missedthechildstandingnearby.A．closely B．narrowly C．nearly D．hardly3．WehadwantedtosurpriseFatherwithabirthdaygift,butmysister_______byaskinghimwhathewouldlike.A．lickedherlipsB．ateherwordsC．spiltthebeansD．pulledhisleg4．—________thewomanwiththebabycomeover?Wehaveaseathere.—Thankyou,sir.ActuallyIdohavemyseathere.Butmybabylikestolookoutofthewindow.A．Would B．ShallC．Must D．May5．MorethanaquarteroftheenergyintheUnitedStatesgoestomovingpeopleandgoodsfromoneplacetoanother.A．using B．used C．touse D．use6．______thedeadline,theworkershadtoworkovertimetogetthejobfinished.A．Giving B．Given C．Havinggiven D．Togive7．Oneofthemostimportantquestionstheyhadtoconsiderwas___________ofpublichealth.A．whatB．thatC．thisD．which8．Itsagoodideatogetstudentstoretellastorytheirownwords．A．of B．in C．by D．through9．WhenIwassmall,mymom________readmestoriesatnight.A．could B．shouldC．might D．would10．Theaccidenthavebeencausedbyadogrunningacrosstheroad,butwedon’tknowforsure.A．might B．shouldC．will D．must11．________yourblog,Iwouldhavewrittenbacktwodaysago.A．IfIread B．ShouldIreadC．HadIread D．IfIcouldhaveread12．PeoplebelievethattheChinaDreamisnotverydifficult________solongasthewholenationworkshardforit.A．realizing B．toberealizedC．realized D．torealize13．Halfwaythroughthechapter____Ididn’ttakeanythingin.A．didIrealize B．hadIrealizedC．Irealized D．Iwouldrealize14．—“DoyoumindifIlookatyournotes?”—“Ofcoursenot._______.”A．NoproblemB．BemyguestC．WithpleasureD．Notatall15．Attheendofthehistoricarea，Wilmingtondisplayedits________asaworkingportcity：largeware­housesandafewotherdatedofficebuildings．A．achievement B．reputationC．character D．standard16．—________yourpurchasesintime,makesuretheexpresscompanyknowsyouraddressexactly.A．Toreceive B．ReceivedC．Receiving D．Havingreceived17．——Davidshouldlietohisbestfriendinordertogetthewell-paidjob!——Itistypicalofhimbecausehe________.A．isfacinghisWaterlooB．isvisuallychallengedC．hascast-ironnervesD．worshipsthegoldencalf18．helawisequallyappliedtoeveryone.Noone_______beaboveit.A．shall B．mustC．may D．need19．Aheartylaughrelievesphysicaltension,_____yourmusclesrelaxedforoverhalfanhour.A．toleave B．left C．leaving D．leave20．Throughouthistory,Chinanevercolonizedanynation._________thispeacefultradition,itiscommittedtobuildingacommunitywithasharedfutureformankind.A．InlinewithB．InregardtoC．InharmonywithD．Inadditionto第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Travelexpertsacrosstheglobepublishmuch-anticipatedliststhataimtoexcitereadersaboutupcomingtraveltrends.Hereisa2018listthaturgestravelerstoexplorenewcities,trynewfood,experiencenewculturesandgainnewviews.ChileThislong,skinnysliceofSouthAmericasuccessfullypacksapowerfulpunch,withstrangecharmsinValparaiso,excellentwineintheMaipoValleyanddiverselandscapesacrosstheArcadianDesert,ChileanPatagoniaandEasterIsland.Flyingisthemostconvenientwaytogetaround,butflightsarenotcheap.Busesaremorewallet-friendly,andChile’sbussystemisefficient,butbusjourneyscaneasilytake17to36hours.MontenegroThecountry’scoastlineisitsbestfeature,anditswindingcoastalroadsandmountain-meets-oceanscenerycreatetheperfectbackgroundforaroadtrip.SleepyseasidetownsalongtheBayofKotorarehometomom-and-poprestaurantsandeleganthotels,whilethewalledcityofKororoffersviewsoftheclassicredrooftopsoftheAdriatic.MadagascarMadagascar，theworld’sfourth-largestislandoneofthemostbiodiverse(生物多样的)placesontheplanet,hasbeenrapidlyaffectedbyclimatechange.Visitingthecountrycanserveasaneducationalopportunityfortravelerswhowanttounderstandthebadeffectsofglobalwarmingandirresponsiblehumanactions,Somecan’t-missexperiencesinMadagascarincludeswimmingandsnorkelingaroundNosyBe,spottinglemurs(狐猴)inRanomafanaNationalPark,admiringtherockylandscapesofIsaloNationalParkandasunsetwalkalongtheAvenueoftheBaobabs.AbuDhabi,theUAEAfter10yearsofplanningandnearly$2billionincosts,theLouvreAbuDhabicelebrateditsgrandopeningonNov.11,2017.Now,loversofartandarchitectureareracingtotheUnitedArabEmirates’capitaltosecitsnewestfeatofmoderndesign-theproductofFrencharchitectJeanNouvel.TheLouvreAbuDhabi’sslogan,“seehumanityinanewlight”,drawsattentiontothemuseum^missiontoemphasizethecommonalitiesandcelebratethedifferencesbetweenEasternandWesternart.WhileinAbuDhabi,travelerscanalsocheckoutthecity’sotherfamousarchitecturalwonder-SheikhZayedGrandMosque-whichwasratedtheworldssecond-bestlandmarkinTripAdvisor’s2017Travelers’ChoiceAwards.1、WhichofthefollowingisadisadvantageoftravellingbybusinChile?A．Itisveryexpensive.B．Itmaynothelpyousavetime,C．Busesdon’trunatbusyhours.D．Busesarealwaysverycrowded.2、WhatdoyouknowabouttravellinginMadagascarfromthepassage?A．If$muchcheaperlogoaroundbybusthanbyplane.B．Youcantakeagoodtripalongthebeautifulcoastalroads.C．Youcanlearnmoreabouttheimpactsofclimatechange,D．It’sagoodchancetosecgreenmountainsandredrooftops.3、Ifyouareinterestedinartandarchitecture,youcantravelto________.A．ChileB．MontenegroC．MadagascarD．AbuDhabi,theUAE22．（8分）ELECTRICITYISATTHECOREOFMODERNLIFE.DESPITETHIS,THEFULLSTORYOFTHISREVOLUTIONARYFORCEHASREMAINEDUNTOLD—UNTILNOW.SimplyElectrifyingoffersthecomprehensivestoryofoneofmankind’smostimportantjourneys:fromatimewhenonlyafewcouldevenimagineaworldwithelectricitytotodaywhen,formostofus,aworldwithoutelectricitywouldbeunimaginable.Sincethebirthofthemodernscienceofelectricity265yearsago,mankindhasbuiltanimpressivestructuretoproduce,deliver,anduseelectricity,thankstoacombinationofpioneeringscience,innovativetechnology,wisebusinessstrategy,andpervasive(到处存在的)economicandenvironmentalregulation.SimplyElectrifyingbringstolifethestoriesofthepeoplethatmadeitallpossible—fromearlypathfinderslikeBenjaminFranklin,MichaelFaraday,JamesClerkMaxwell,andAlbertEinsteintoinnovatorssuchasSamuelMorse,ThomasEdison,GeorgeWestinghouse,andNikolaTesla.Inmoderntimes,businessstrategistsandeconomicandenvironmentalregulationdrivenbymany,includingPresidentFranklinD．Roosevelt,RachelCarson,andevenPresidentBarackObama,haveshapedhowweuseandunderstandelectricityincrucialways.Today,ElonMuskandothersareontheedgeofagainchangingthewaywethinkaboutandinteractwithit.SimplyElectrifyingispainstakinglyresearchedandbeautifullywritten,showingushowbothprofit-makersandpolicy-makersmustuseawide-anglelenstotrulyunderstandthepastandpredictthefuture.1、Accordingtothepassage,thebookSimplyElectrifyingiswrittentotellus.A．pioneeringscienceofelectricityB．significantjourneysofelectricityC．thepeoplewhoinventedelectricityD．theresearchwhichwasaboutelectricity2、WhyisPresidentBarackObamamentionedinthebookSimplyElectrifying?A．Becauseapolicy-makerisusuallyatopdogthatcanarousethereaders’interest.B．Becauseapolicy-makercanhelppromotethebetteruseofelectricity.C．Becausepolicy-makerscandecidethefutureoftheuseofelectricityonthemarket.D．Becausepolicy-makerscantakecontroloftheeconomythroughelectricity.23．（8分）Likemostofyou,I’vegrownupwithscienceputtingitintomyheadthateatingCholesterol(胆固醇)isbadforus.Mydoctorhasscoldedmerepeatedlyforlikinghigh-cholesterolsnacks.Butnow,after40yearsofgivingcholesterolsucharap,thescientificexpertsarereportedlyreadytoreverse(颠倒)themselves.Suddenly,we’regoingtobetoldthathigh-cholesterolfoodsarenotbadforusafterall.Thisisn’tthefirsttimesciencereverseswhatitbelievestobetrue,norwillitbethelast.Tooptimists,thefluidityofscience’sconclusionsisagoodthing-provethatscienceisalwayscorrectingitselfinlightoftheverylatestinformation.Butamodemsocietythatlooksincreasinglytosciencefornotjustwhattoeat,butalsohowtobehaveandwhattothink?Howcanwetrustanauthoritythatoftenchangesitsmindinextremeways?Science’stypicalwayisn’tlimitedtomattersofnutrition.Goaheadandcheckitoutforyourselfbylookingatthequalifiersusedinthevastmajorityofhonestlywrittensciencenewsarticles.You’llseethatthestoriesarelacedwithweakwordsandphrasessuchas:some,incertaincircumstances,probably,perhaps,may,could,tends,suggests,indicates,accordingto,islinkedto,playsarolein.ThegraveproblemI’veobservedovertheyearsisthattoooftenscienceanditsreporterscreatetheimpressionofcertaintywhennoneisproved.Thecholesterolstoryisbutoneexampleofthatmake-believecertainty.Howmuchshouldwebeconcernedaboutthis?Agreatdeal,Ibelieve,givenscience’sgreatandgrowinginfluenceonourlives.Attheveryleast,eachofusneedsto-understandthatthescientificworldview—impressiveasitsurelyis—isbuiltonshiftingsands.AsEinsteinonceobserved,“Noamountofexperimentationcaneverprovemeright;asingleexperimentcanprovemewrong.”1、Theunderlinedpart“givingcholesterolsucharap”(inPara.1)meanstheauthor.A．alwayspromotesuseofcholesterolB．sometimesstandsforcholesterolC．avoidscholesterolgenerallyD．eatscholesterolregularly2、Intheeyesoftheauthor,changesinscientificstatements.A．areworryingB．aremeaninglessC．areagoodthinginawayD．arethemajorwaytoimprovescience3、Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisNOTthewordcommonlyusedinscientificarticles?A．LikelyB．SurelyC．SeemsD．Appears4、Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?A．Sciencecanblindus.B．Scienceneedbeopentodoubt.C．Scienceisnotasimportantasthought.D．Scienceshouldbebuiltonexperiments.24．（8分）Bytryingtotickle(挠痒痒)ratsandrecordinghowtheirnervecellsrespond,ShimpeiIshiyamaandhisadviserarediscoveringamysterythathaspuzzledthinkerssinceAristotleexpectedthathumans,giventheirthinskinanduniqueabilitytolaugh,weretheonlyticklishanimals.ItturnsoutthatAristotlewaswrong.IntheirstudypublishedonThursday,IshiyamaandhisadviserMichaelBrechtfoundthatratssqueakedandjumpedwithpleasurewhentickledontheirbacksandbellies.Thesesignsofjoychangedaccordingtotheirmoods.Andforthefirsttime,theydiscoveredaspecialgroupofnervecells.Thesenervecellsmadethisfeelingsopowerfulthatitcausesanindividualbeingtickledtolosecontrol.Tomakesurethathehadindeedfoundaplaceinthebrainwhereticklingwasprocessed,Ishiyamathenstimulated(刺激)thatareawithelectricalcurrents.Theratsbegantojumplikerabbitsandsinglikebirds.“It’strulyground-breaking,”saidJeffreyBurgdorf,aneuroscientistatNorthwesternUniversitywhoreviewedthepaper.“Ittakesthestudyofemotiontoanewlevel.”Burgdorfhasplayedacentralroleinourunderstandingofanimaltickling.Hewaspartofateamthatfirstnoticed,inthelate1990s,thatratsmadespecialnoiseswhentheywereexperiencingsocialpleasure.Othershadalreadynotedthatratsrepeatedlymadeshortandhighsoundsduringmeals.ButthelabwhereBurgdorfworkednoticedthattheyemittedsimilarsoundswhileplaying.Andsooneday,theseniorscientistinthelabsaid,“Let’sgoandticklesomerats.”Theyquicklyfoundthatthosecriesofpleasuredoubled.“Theauthorshavebeenveryadventurous,”saidDanielO’Connor,aneuroscientistatJohnsHopkinsUniversitywhostudiestouch.Tohim,thatfindingwasverysurprising.“Whydoestheworldliterallyfeeldifferentwhenyouarestressedout?”hesaid.“Thisisthefirststeptowardsansweringthatquestion.Itgivesusawaytoapproachitwithexperimentalrigor(严谨).”1、Whatcontributedtohumans’beingticklishaccordingtoAristotle?A．Theirspecialskin.B．Theirsocialpleasure.C．Theirnervoussystem.D．Theirwillingnesstotouch.2、Whydidtheresearchersmakeuseofelectricalcurrents?A．Todiscoverthespecialgroupofnervecells.B．Toexperimentondifferentanimals.C．Tofollowtheprocessoftickling.D．Toprovetheirfinding.3、WhichofthefollowingstatementswillJeffreyBurgdorfagreewith?A．Theresearchprocessisfullofrisks.B．Thefindingofthestudyissurprisingandunbelievable.C．Thenewdiscoveryisbeneficialforthestudyofemotion.D．Thefindingofthestudyactuallycontradictsmodernscience.4、Theunderlinedword“squeak”inParagraph2maybeexplainedby______.A．giveasmileB．makeanoiseC．burstintotearsD．watchwithstaringeyes5、Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．TheLifeofRatsB．HowRatsLaughC．AWonderfulScientistD．ANewDiscoveryaboutRat25．（10分）Awomanlostthesightinoneeyeaftergoingswimminginapoolatahotelwearingcontactlenses（隐形眼镜）.JennieHurst,fromSouthampton,sufferedfromarareandpainfulinfectioncausedbyamoeba（变形虫）inwater.Theinfectioncausespeopletobesensitivetolightandthe24-year-oldsaidshehadtostayinadarkroomforthreemonths.Sheisnowwarningofthedangersofswimmingorshoweringwearingcontacts.MsHurstexperiencedfouroperationsandatreatmentinwhichshehadeyedropseveryhalfhour."DuringthattimeIstayedinmybedroomwithblackcurtainsatthewindow.TheonlythingIcoulddowastolistentotheradio.Oneevening,IwassoeagertolookoutofwindowtogetalookoftheoutsideworldthatIopenedmycurtainsinthemiddleofthenight.AssoonasIdidthisthemoonshoneinmyeyesanditreallyhurt.Ididn'tdothatagain.Ihavebeenleftwithnosightinmylefteyeandthedamagetomyrighteyecouldbelasting,"shesaid.MsHursthadbeenwearingcontactlensesforfiveyears."Idon'tevenlikeswimming,"shesaid."MyfriendswerequitesurprisedthatIhadgoneswimmingandprobablythoughtthatIhadbeenabitlazy.Iwasn'tawareoftheproblematall—itdidn'tevenentermybraintotakethemout.IfeltresponsiblethatIhadletithappenwhenactuallyIcouldhavejusttakenmycontactsout."1、What'sthetextmainlyabout?A．Thewomanlosingsightwhileswimming.B．Arareinfectioncausedbycontactlenses.C．Anaccidenthappeninginahospital.D．Thetroubleofstayinginadarkroom.2、Amertheoperations,JennieHurstfeltA．frightenedB．calmC．regretfulD．anxious3、WhatdoesJennieHurstmeaninthelastparagraph?A．Sheusedtogoswimmingveryoften.B．Shehasalsobeenhurtinherbrain.C．Shewillbebusywithherworkinfuture.D．Shemightbemorecarefulwhenswimmingnexttime.4、What'sthepurposeofthetext?A．Toanalyze.B．Toexplain.C．Towarn.D．Toencourage.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）WhenWilliam,a10-year-oldboyplannedtolearnthepiano,themusicteacherwasreluctant（不愿意）toaccepthim.She1herstudentstostarttheirmusiclessonsatayoungagewhentheir2wereabletomovequicklyandeasily.“William,whydoyouwanttolearnthepiano?”theteacherasked.“Iwanttoplayformymother.”Shenoticedthe3andacceptedWilliamasherstudent.Butateachmusiclesson,Williamappearedtobeinahurryandplayed4“Mymotheriswaitingoutsideforme,”hewouldtelltheteacher.ShewastemptedtoadviseWilliamnotto5histimewithlessonsanymoreashe6hittherightnotes.7therewassomethingaboutWilliam—-shewasfascinatedwiththetenderlookinhiseyes8hementioned“Mother”.Suddenly,Williamstoppedcomingforhislessons.Attheendofthesemesteryear,themusicteacherdecidedto9独奏会)forherstudentsandsheaskedthemtoparticipate.Shewas10tofindWilliam’sapplicationtocontributeamusicalpiece.Shewouldplacehimlastintherecital11hemademistakes.ThedaycameandWilliamappeared.12itwashisturntoplay,Williambowedbeforetheaudienceandsaidhewasthankfulforthemusicteacher’s13withhim.“TonightIamdedicating(献)mymusictomymother.”hesaid.EveryonelateraskedwhyWilliamdidnotbringhismotherasshewould14beproud.Williamreplied,“Mymotherwas15andshecouldnever16meplayduringherlifetime.17shesacrificedhertimeandmoneytoletmelearnthepiano.ThismorningMotherpassedaway.Iamsuresheisnow18asshecanhearmypianorecital.IchoseapieceofpianomusicbyBeethoven.Asyouallknow,Beethovenwasdeafbytheendofhiscareer.Butmusicalwayssymbolizedhis19forfreedomandIwouldliketodedicateittoMother.”1、.A．hoped B．persuaded C．allowed D．preferred2、.A．fingers B．brains C．eyes D．arms3、.A．surprise B．joys C．tears D．disappointment4、.A．puthimdown B．turnhimdown C．puthimoff D．turnhimoff5、.A．badly B．nicely C．carefully D．patiently6、.A．pass B．take C．kill D．waste7、.A．ever B．never C．even D．always8、.A．Instead B．Therefore C．Then D．But9、.A．atonetime B．fromtimetotime C．eachtime D．thefirsttime10、.A．support B．take C．intend D．organize11、.A．delighted B．surprised C．curious D．angry12、.A．asfaras B．ifonly C．incase D．nowthat13、.A．Until B．Since C．While D．When14、.A．patience B．advice C．guide D．concern15、.A．surely B．gradually C．finally D．quickly16、.A．blind B．deaf C．ill D．wounded17、.A．watch B．appreciate C．teach D．hear18、.A．Besides B．Then C．Yet D．Otherwise19、.A．happy B．relaxed C．free D．sad20、.A．effort B．struggle C．belief D．challenge第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）You’vejusthiccupped(打嗝)forthetenthtimesinceyoufinisheddinner.Wonder1．thesefunnynoisesarecomingfrom?Thepart2．(blame)isyourdiaphragm,themuscleatthebottomofyourchest.Allhiccupsstarthere.Thediaphragmalmostalways3．(work)perfectly--itpullsdownwhenyoubreatheintohelppullairintothelungs4．itmovesupwhenyoubreatheouttohelppushairoutofthelungs.Butsometimesthediaphragmbecomesupset,andwhen5．happens,itpushesupinanirregularway,makingyourbreathcomeoutdifferently6．howitnormallydoes.Whenthisirregularbreathhitsyourvoicebox,you’releftwithabighiccup.Things7．botherthediaphragmincludeeatingtooquicklyortoomuch,stomachachesorfeelingnervous.Ifyouwanttoknow8．togetridofhiccups,herearesome“cures”.9．(breathe)intoapaperbagisonemethodsomepeopleuse.Othersthinktakingamouthfulofwateristhewaytobecomehiccup-free.Sugarunderyourtonguemightalsodriveawaythehiccups.Andmaybethemostfamous10．(treat),havingsomeonescareyou,alsohelpsbeatthehiccups.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的一下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。没出错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.没出错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Aswintercomes,therearemuchrainandsnowinmanypartsofourcountryincludingourcity.Itistoocoldthatanincreasingnumberofstudentscatchacold.Evenworse,somestudentsfelldownandhurtthembecausetheicyroads.Soweshouldprotectourselvesfromcoldweatherandtherearemanythingswhatareofhelp.First,weshoul