初高中英语衔接被动语态课件

被动语态passivevoiceWARMINGUP

Q：英语中如何表达被的含义？？？沙僧：“大师兄，师傅被妖怪抓走了，大师兄，二师兄被妖怪抓走了，大师兄，师傅和二师兄被妖怪抓走了，大师兄，我被妖怪抓走了。”目录Part1概念&转换方法Part2被动语态构成及分类Part3被动语态时态应用Part4被动语态用法集锦Part1概念&转换方法0102主动语态句子的主语是动作的执行者，为主动语态如：ManypeoplespeakEnglish.被动语态句子的主语是动作的承受者，为被动语态如：Englishisspokenbymanypeople.语态：表示主语和谓语的关系，英语中只有两种语态概念1.变宾为主2.把谓语变成被动结构转换方法3.变主语为介词by的宾语主动句：主语+谓语

+宾语被动句：主语+be+及物动词过去分词

+by+宾语有题有真相：1.ManystudentsstudyEnglish.Englishisstudiedbymanystudents.转换方法有题有真相：2.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.Shoesaremadebytheminthatfactory.转换方法Part02被动语态构成及分类

Tip:be随时态变化，稍后呈现～被动语态的基本结构主语+be+过去分词+by宾语+其他动作承受者构成：“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”

be+done

动作动作执行者时间地点等构成：S+V+O

（主语+谓语+宾语）Eg：Tomkilled

him.→He

waskilledbyTom.Shedoesherhomeworkatschool.(改为被动语态）动动脑及物动词被动语态结构Answer→Herhomeworkisdonebyheratschool.及物动词被动语态结构

构成：S+V+Oi+Od

（主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语）.注：带双宾语句子的被动语态，一般把间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，另一个不动。如把直接宾语变为被动语态的则需在间宾前加for或to.→AbookwasgiventomebyTom.双宾语被动语态结构用例句说话：Ibroughthimabook.间接宾语做主语：→Hewasbroughtabookbyme.直接宾语做主语：→Abookwasbroughtforhimbyme.Hegavetheboyanapple．（改为被动语态）动动脑双宾语被动语态结构→Theboywasgivenanapple．→Anapplewasgiventotheboy．Answer双宾语被动语态结构

构成：S+V+O+C

（主语+谓语+宾语+宾补）Childrensawtheballoonsrising.→Theballoonswereseenrisingbythechildren.

TheywillmakeBeijingmorebeautiful.(改为被动语态)动动脑带宾语补足语的被动语态结构→Beijingwillbemademorebeautifulbythem．Answer带宾语补足语的被动语态结构宾语从句的被动语态结构将下列句子改为被动语态Someonecaughttheboysmokingacigarette.His

mother

gave

him

a

present

for

his

birthday.Ioftenhearhersingthispopularsong.Heoftentellsusinterestingstories.YoumustanswerthequestioninEnglish.牛刀小试AnswerTheboy

wascaughtsmokingacigarette.He

was

given

a

present

by

his

mother

for

his

birthday.She

isoftenheardtosingthispopularsong.We

areoftentoldinterestingstoriesbyhim.

Interestingstoriesareoftentoldtousbyhim.5.Thequestionmustbeanswered

inEnglishbyyou.牛刀小试

be+动词的过去分词有各种时态的变化Part03被动语态时态应用SunShangxiangwaskilledbyDiaoChan.被动语态时态应用Thelostboyatthestreetcornerlastnight.A.wasfoundB.isfoundC.waslookedfor一般过去时的被动语态：

被动语态时态应用Thelostboyatthestreetcornerlastnight.A.wasfoundB.isfoundC.waslookedfor一般过去时的被动语态：

被动语态时态应用was/were+done把下列句子变成被动语态Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.Theyusedthisroomforresting.Theyplantedmanytreestwoyearsago.被动语态时态应用Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.Thisroomwasusedforrestingbythem.Manytreeswereplantedbythemtwoyearsago.被动语态时态应用Thesportsmeetingwillbeheldintheplaygroundtomorrow.被动语态时态应用Moreman-madesatellites(人造卫星）inthefuture.A.willsendupB.willbesentupC.aresentup一般将来时的用法：被动语态时态应用Moreman-madesatellites(人造卫星）inthefuture.A.willsendupB.willbesentupC.aresentup一般将来时的被动语态：willbedonebegoingtobedone被动语态时态应用Thebookisbeingreadbythehard-workingboynow.Thebookwasbeingreadbythehard-workingboyat8:00pmyesterday.被动语态时态应用现在进行时:am/is/are+doing

被动语态:be

+done现在进行时的被动语态：am/is/are+beingdone被动语态时态应用过去进行时:was/were+doing

被动语态:be+done过去进行时的被动语态：was/were+beingdone被动语态时态应用TheDespicableMehasbeenseentwicebythegirl.被动语态时态应用现在完成时的被动语态：Threebridgessincelastyear.A.havebuilt

B.werebuilt

C.havebeenbuilt被动语态时态应用现在完成时的被动语态：have/hasbeendoneThreebridgessincelastyear.A.havebuilt

B.werebuilt

C.havebeenbuilt被动语态时态应用BythetimeIcameback,thefloorhadbeencleanedbymymother.被动语态时态应用BythetimeIcameback,thefloorhadbeencleanedbymymother.过去完成时的被动语态:

hadbeendone被动语态时态应用

构成：情态动词＋be＋过去分词

The

baby-sittershould

take

good

care

ofthe

baby.→The

baby

should

be

taken

good

care

of

by

the

baby-sitter.WecaneasilydownloadmusicfromtheInternet.(改为被动语态）

动动脑情态动词被动语态结构→MusiccanbeeasilydownloadfromtheInternet．Answer情态动词被动语态结构小试个牛刀1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.5.Jimcoulddoityesterday.把下列句子变成被动语态Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.ItcouldbedonebyJimyesterday.机智如我被动语态归纳总结一般现在时：主语+am/is/are+动词的过去分词一般过去时：主语+was/were+动词的过去分词一般将来时：主语+will+be+动词的过去分词现在进行时：主语+am/is/are+being

动词的过去分词过去进行时：主语+was/were+being+动词的过去分词现在完成时：主语+have/has+been+动词的过去分词过去完成时：主语+had+been+动词的过去分词含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词＋be＋过去分词Part04被动语态用法集锦被动语态的基础用法1、不知道动作的执行者是谁。eg.ThiskindofcarismadeinShanghai.2、因为某种原因，不必说出动作的执行者是谁。eg.Iwasinvitedtothepartylastweek.3、需要强调动作的承受者。eg.Theoldaretakengoodcareofinourcountry.4、句子结构需要--动作的执行者需要有较长的修饰语，如果用主动语态可能会引起歧义或影响句子平衡。eg.Thehospitalwasbuiltbyafamousdoctorwhocamehere30yearsago.5、固定句型，表示“据说”、“据报道”、“相信，认为”等。Itissaidthat.../Itisreportedthat...Itisbelievedthat.../Itiswellknownthat...被动语态的基础用法被动语态的特殊用法1、还原to不定式的用法在有些主动语态中，不定式做宾语补足语时，不定式符号“to”常省略掉，但是在改为被动语态时，不定式“to”必须还原回来。常见的动词有：4“看”see（看见）watch（注视）notice（注意）lookat（看）3“使役”let（让）make（使）have（使）2“听”hear（听见）listen（听）1“感觉”feel半“帮助”help被动语态的特殊用法被动语态的特殊用法2、没有被动语态的动词和动词短语（1）不及物动词和相当于不及物动词的短语happen（发生）appear（呈现）last（持续）end（结束）fail（失败）sit（坐下）lie（躺）remain（保持）die（死）rise（上升）fall（落下）spread（伸展）disappear（消失）comeout（出现）loseheart（失去信心）keepsilence（保持安静）takeplace（发生）breakout（爆发）fallasleep（入睡）cometrue（实现）被动语态的特殊用法2、没有被动语态的动词和词组（2）有些及物动词和相当于及物动词的短语也不用被动语态have（有、吃、喝）own（拥有）cost（花费）fit（适合）watch（注视）notice（注意）marry（结婚）wish（希望）reach（到达）know（认识）agreewith（同意）get（得到）join（参加）succeedin（成功）takepartin（参加）arrivein、at（到达）3、动词主动形式表达被动含义（1）need（需要）、want（想要）、require（需要）作为动词，后面加动名词做宾语，用主动形式表达被动含义。Eg：Mywatchneedsrepairing.=Mywatchneedstoberepaired.（2）固定搭配beworth+doing（值得...），主动形式表达被动含义。Eg：Thebookisworthreading.被动语态的特殊用法3、动词主动形式表达被动含义（3）有些动词形式上是主动，意思为被动，这类动词的主语往往是物而不是人。read（读）sell（卖）draw（画画）write（写）open（开）shut（关）wear（穿）cut（切割）cook（做饭）drive（驾驶）eg.Thiskindofbreadsellswell.Theknifecutseasily.Thecardriveswell.被动语态的特殊用法Tips：注：be

＋过去分词这个结构，并非都是被动结构,有时是系表结构。两者的区别是：系表结构表示主语的所处的状态或者主语的特点；被动结构表示动作。The

bowl

is

broken.

这个碗碎了。（系表结构）

The

bowl

was

broken

by

my

little

brother.这个碗是我小弟弟打破的。（被动结构）实战演练The

classroom

is

crowded

with

students.

系表结构The

students

were

crowded

into

the

classroom.

被动结构The

teaching

building

is

completed.

系表结构The

teaching

building

was

completed

last

month.被动结构Answer例题大杂烩1.

No

permission

has

___

for

anybody

to

enter

the

building.

A.

been

given

B.

given

C.

to

give

D.

be

giving

2.

I

___

ten

minutes

to

decide

whether

I

should

reject

theoffer.A.

gave

B.

was

given

C.

was

giving

D.

had

given

3.

---Have

you

moved

into

the

new

house?

---

Not

yet,

the

rooms

___.A.

are

being

paintedB.

are

paintingC.

are

paintedD.

are

being

paintedMultiplechoice:4.

The

police

found

that

the

house

___

and

a

lot

of

things

___.A.

has

broken

into;

has

been

stolen

B.

had

broken

into;