一般现在时和一般过去时用法和考点点睛（讲义）2024年英语中考三轮复习语法专题

2024年初三英语中考三轮复习【语法专题】一般现在时和一般过去时用法和考点点睛（讲义）一般现在时用法举例Myfatherisadoctor.翻译：我父亲是个医生。

一般现在时：事物的一般性状态。Mary'smotherisanEnglishteacher.Hishouseisverybig.

Jackismyson.Igetupat7:30everymorning.翻译：我每天早上7：30起床。一般现在时：经常，反复发生的动作。Healwaysworksatnight.Weusuallyhavebreakfastathome.Ivisitmygrandparentstwiceamonth.频率时间状语always，usually，everyday，often，sometimes，或者twiceaweekTheearthgoesaroundthesun.翻译：地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时：描述客观世界的现象，或真理。Lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.

光比声音走的快。Thesunrisesearlyandsetslateinsummer.

太阳在夏季升得早、落得晚。Moongoesaroundtheearth.月亮绕着地球转。最常考主语的第三人称单数形式，简称三单。主语是第一或第二人称Ilikeeatingoranges.

Weplaybasketballwell.Heisagoodfather.主语变成第三人称时，他的谓语动词要就加s或者es了(某些特殊动词的变化，需要特殊记忆)。第三人称(三单)，就是除了我，你(我们，你们)，之外的任何形式的单数主语。一般现在时考点点睛第一：人称代词he,she,itHelikeswatchingTV.

Shehaslunchat1o'clock.

Itlookslikeacat.

第二：单个人名、地名或称呼作主语Georgelookslikehismother.HongKongactsasakeypartofChina.

UncleWangoftenmakesaphonecalltohissonintheafternoon.

第三：不定代词和指示代词做主语。someone,somebody,nobody,everything,something或this，thatEveryoneishere.

大家到齐了。Thisisaruler.这是一把尺子.Someonelikestoeatthechicken.有些人喜欢吃鸡肉.第四：单数可数名词做主语或者"this/that/the加上单数可数名词"作主语Thisbagbelongstoyou.这个书包是属于你的Thatwallisred.

那堵墙是红色的。ThedogisTom's.

这只狗是汤姆的。第五点：不可数名词作主语。Thejuiceisintheglass.

果汁在玻璃杯里。Theturkeylooksdelicious.

火鸡看上去很美味。第六：数字或字母做主语"8"isaluckynumber.

"8"是个吉利数字。"M"isaletter.

"M"是一个字母。第七：分词短语做主语Havingdinneroftentakesmehalfanhour.我吃晚餐通常花半小时。Playingfootballismyfavorite.打篮球是我的最爱。主语变成第三人称时，特殊动词的变化一般过去时用法举例Ifinishedmyhomeworkatschool

thisafternoon.翻译：今天下午，我在学校完成了家庭作业。

一般过去时：在过去的某一时间内，发生的动作，或存在的状态。主语+动词过去式（dodid，v+ed，bewas/were，特殊变化要特殊记）Igotupatseventhismorning.Hehadbreakfastjustnow.Theyweregladtoseeeachotherlastweek.表示过去的时间状语——标志词yesterday，justnow，amomentago，lastyear，thedaybeforeyesterday，inthepast,onceuponatimeWewatchedamovielastweek.翻译：我们上周看了一部电影。Wewatchedamovielastweek.助动词，did提前句子里原来的动词watched要变为原型Didwewatchamovielastweek？我们上周看了一部电影吗？Ifinishedmyhomeworkatschoolthisafternoon.Didyoufinish

yourhomeworkatschoolthisafternoon？Wedidn'tplayfootballyesterday.Didweplayfootballyesterday？Hedidn'tfinishworkinglastweek.Didhefinishworkinglastweek？Georgedidn'tpasstheexamthedaybeforeyesterday.DidGeorgepasstheexamthedaybeforeyesterday？JimmywentboatinglastSunday.翻译：吉米上星期天去划船了。。JimmywentboatinglastSunday.WhowentboatinglastSunday？Jimmy

wentboatinglastSunday.WhatdidJimmydolastSunday？Jimmy

wentboating

lastSunday.WhendidJimmygoboating？went作为动词，要恢复成原型，go。Hewenttothecinemaonceamonth.Whendidhegotothecinema？Theyplayedfootballintheplaygroundyesterday.Wheredidtheyplayfootballyesterday？一般过去时考点点睛1.A—A—A型（现在式、过去式和过去分词同形）动词原形（现在式）过去式过去分词含义costcostcost花费cutcutcut割，切hithithit打letletlet让putputput放下readreadread读hurthurthurt伤2.A—A—B型（现在式和过去式同形）动词原形（现在式）过去式过去分词含义beatbeatbeaten打3.A—B—A型（现在式和过去分词同形）动词原形（现在式）过去式过去分词含义ecamee来beebecamebee变runranrun跑4.A—B—B型（过去式和过去分词同形）（1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。动词原形（现在式）过去式过去分词含义burnburntburnt燃烧learnlearned/learntlearned/learnt学习meanmeantmeant意思hearheardheard听见（2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或过去分词。动词原形（现在式）过去式过去分词含义buildbuiltbuilt建筑lendlentlent借给loselostlost失去sendsentsent送spendspentspent花费（3）其他动词原形（现在式）过去式过去分词含义paypaidpaid付laylaidlaid下蛋saysaidsaid说bringbroughtbrought带来buyboughtbought买thinkthoughtthought想sleepsleptslept睡keepkeptkept保持sweepsweptswept扫standstoodstood站understandunderstoodunderstood明白winwonwon得胜shineshone/shinedshone/shined发光catchcaughtcaught抓住teachtaughttaught教feelfeltfelt觉得fightfoughtfought战斗findfoundfound发现getgotgot得到hanghangedhanged绞死hunghung挂havehadhad有holdheldheld盛，握leaveleftleft离开makemademade制造meetmetmet遇见sellsoldsold卖shootshotshot射击telltoldtold告诉smellsmelt/smelledsmelt/smelled嗅，闻sitsatsat坐digdugdug挖5.

A—B—C型（现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同）6.

（1）在动词原形后加n或en构成过去分词。动词原形（现在式）过去式过去分词含义eatateeaten吃fallfellfallen落下stealstolestolen偷givegavegiven给freezefrozefrozen冻结taketooktaken拿seesawseen看见writewrotewritten写rideroderidden骑drivedrovedriven驾驶throwthrewthrown抛，扔blowblewblown吹growgrewgrown生长knowknewknown知道flyflewflown飞drawdrewdrawn拉，绘画showshowedshown展示（2）过去式加n或en构成过去分词。动词原形（现在式）过去式过去分词含义speakspokespoken说话breakbrokebroken破碎，折断wakewakedwokewakedwaken醒choosechosechosen选择forgetforgotforgotten忘记（3）变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别