Unit2短语句法讲解人教版英语八年级下册

Book8BUnit2VolunteeringandCharity(offerhelp)短语句法讲解1.重点短语区分【关于up的短语:向上；朝着某个方向或者动作发展】putup：张贴；举起cheerup：使高兴起来；振奋起来lookup：查阅（字典等）growup：长大lookupto：崇拜；钦佩fixup：修理；装饰setup：建立；建设showup：露面，出现makeup：编造；化妆giveup：放弃【关于off的短语：离开，移开；去除某物】putoff推迟kickoff：踢走takeoff：起飞；脱掉（衣服）getoff：下车payoff：还清giveout：分发；散发handout：分发giveaway：赠送；捐赠eupwith：想出；提出（主意、计划等2.不定式不定式：todo做非谓语，表示不确定，未发生，将来，打算，一次性（动名词：doing做非谓语，兼有动词和名词特征，表示确定，已发生，长期，稳定，习惯）不定式可以做的句法成分：做主语（注意形式主语的情况）eg:TolearnEnglishisnoteasyforme.eg:ItisimportantforustolearnEnglish.(it做形式主语）做表语eg:Ourdutyistohelpchildrengrowbetter做宾语（涉及到记忆哪些动词接todo，哪些动词接doing;形式宾语）eg:Atlast,TomdecidedtowatchTVtonight.eg:IfinditveryimportanttolearnEnglish.做宾语补足语eg:Iaskhimtohandinthehomeworkbeforetheclass.做定语：eg:Sheisalwaysthefirsttoetoschool.作状语：eg:Iworkhardtogetgoodgrades.疑问词+不定式也可以做相应的句子成分eg:Idon’tknowhowtodriveacar.3.动词短语(verbphrase)与短语动词(phrasalverb)动词短语：Averbphraseissimplymorethanonewordwhichrepresentsaverb短语动词：Phrasalverbsareaspecifictypeofverbphrasewhichuseaverbandoneortwoadverbstochangethemeaningofthemainverbsignificantly.4.1练习1：用所学的短语动词适当形式填空Someoneisposters.Goandseewhat'sonit.Ibelievethatyoucanagoodsolutiontothisproblem.Peteratoncewhentheirfootballteamwonthematch.TheSpringFestivalising.Let’sourhousetoday.Didyoutheseadvertisements（广告）atalocalsupermarket?I_________someofmybookstothepoorchildren.Don’t____________whatyoushoulddotodaytilltomorrow.I______________myparentswhenIcametothecityofNewYork.Theydecideto______anewschoolinthatvillage.Theplane______ontimeinspiteoffog4.2练习2：根据括号里的动词选择其适当形式填空，并表明其所做的句子成分Itisnoteasy(find)yourwayaroundthetown.Heaskedme(give)aspeechtotheclass.Iamalwaysthefirstperson(get)totheoffice.Heagreed(go)totheparkwithLucy.Whatyoushoulddofirstis(find)outthesecretofit.Hehopes(visit)theGreatWal