Unit4Naturaldisasters重点单词短语句型清单-高中英语人教版

Unit4：ListeningandSpeakingP4849一、重点单词&搭配disaster n.灾难；灾害；彻底失败的人或物disasterarea灾区naturaldisaster自然灾害magnituden.

震级earthquaken.

地震themagnitudeoftheearthquake地震的震级tornado n.龙卷风；旋风pl复数:tornados/tornadoes以o结尾的单词，有生命+es，无生命+sdrought n.旱灾；久旱——dryadj.干燥的；干旱的floodn.洪水；大量vi.淹没；大量涌入vt.使灌满水；淹没flooddamage洪涝灾害afloodof=anumberof大量floodinto/in涌进landsliden.(山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡slide vi.&vt. （使）滑行；滑动 slideslidslidtsunami [tsuːˈnɑːmi] n.海啸typhoon n.台风volcaniceruption火山喷发volcanon.火山pl:volcanoes/volcanos[z]volcanicadj.火山的活火山activevolcanoes/volcanos死火山dead/extinctvolcanoes/volcanoseruptionn.爆发——eruptv.爆发；喷发eruptfrom从......中喷出eruptinto突然变为或发展成（更坏的事）eruptintolaughter=burstintolaughter突然大笑起来hurricanen.(尤指西大西洋的)飓风theeyeofthehurricane飓风中心hurry v./n.匆忙（inahurry匆忙）rescuen.&vt.营救；救援etosb'srescue＝gotosb'srescue=rescuesb.援救某人rescue...from...把...从......中营救出来rescueteam/workers救援队/人员damagevt.损害，破坏n.损坏，损失damageone’shealth损害某人的健康do/causedamageto给......造成损害bebadlydamaged严重受损destroyvt.摧毁，毁灭destroyern.破坏者destructionn.毁灭，破坏destructiveadj.毁灭性的，引起破坏的destroythehope打破希望destroytheconfident打击信心destroythepeace破坏和平[辨析]destroy彻底破坏，无法/很难修复damage部分损坏，可修复ruin严重毁坏helicoptern.

直升机deathn.死，死亡—diev.死亡—dyingadj.临终的—deadadj.死的—deadlyadv.致命地beclosetodeath濒临死亡befrightenedtodeath吓死了thedead死者（the+adj表示一类人），做主语，谓语动词用复数puttodeathv.杀死，处死bedyingfor…极渴望……bedyingtodo…极想做……affectvt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动affectsb./sth. 影响某人/某事bedeeplyaffectedby... 被……深深打动affecteda.受感动的；假装的affectivea.情感的，表达感情的affectionn.钟爱；喜爱affect=haveaneffecton/upon对......产生影响effectn．影响；效果；作用effectn.——effective(adj.)——effective+ly（adv.）haveaneffecton/upon... 对……有影响sideeffects副作用eintoeffect=takeeffect开始生效eintopower当权，上台sheltern．避难处；居所；庇护vt.保护；掩蔽vi.躲避(风雨或危险)takeshelterfrom... 躲避……provideshelterfor......为......提供庇护undertheshelterof...在......的庇护下protect/shelter...from...保护/遮蔽……不/免受……的伤害二、短语naturaldisaster自然灾害newsreport（s）新闻报道referto涉及，指的是themagnitudeoftheearthquake地震的震级rescueworkers救援人员atleast至少medicalteams医疗队Unit4：ReadingandThinkingP5051一、重点单词&搭配crackn.裂纹；裂缝vi.&vt.(使)破裂gasn.气体；燃气；汽油gassupply煤气供应；天然气供应ruinn.&vt.破坏；毁坏inruins严重受损，破败不堪be/lieinruins严重受损fall/eintoruin成为废墟 ruinone’shope/future毁掉某人的希望/前程ruinoneself自我毁灭percentn.百分比adj.&adv.百分之……的/地percent没有复数，以它所修饰的名词来判断谓语的单复数分数、百分数+名词做主语，谓语动词和所修饰的名词保持一致：60percentofdogsare…brickn.

砖；砖块metaln.金属shockn.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.（使）震惊shockingadj.令人、使人震惊的——shockedadj.震惊的inshock震惊；吃惊anelectricshock触电easashock让人震惊shocksb使某人震惊beshockedby/at...对…...吃惊beshockedtodo...做某事很震惊beshockedthat...对......很震惊electricityn.电；电能electricaladj.有关电的；电气科学的——electronicadj.电子的trapvt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n.险境；陷阱trapsb.into(doing)sth.诱导某人（做）某事set/layatrapfor为......设置陷阱be/gettrappedin 被困在......fallintoatrap 落入圈套buryvt.埋葬；安葬buryone’sfaceinhands双手掩面buryone’spain/feelings掩藏痛苦/感情bury...in...把......埋到.......专心于buryoneselfin=beburiedin=belostin=beabsorbedin=devoteoneselfto=bedevotedto(prep.)=concentrateon=focusonbreathev.呼吸——breathn.呼吸breathein/out吸气/呼气breatheregularly均匀呼吸breathehard呼吸困难breathedeeply=takeadeepbreath深呼吸holdone’sbreath屏住呼吸loseone’sbreath喘不上气来outofbreath气喘吁吁，上气不接下气effortn．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力sparenoeffort(s)todosth.不遗余力地做某事puteffortinto(doing)sth.努力做某事with/withouteffort费力地/毫不费力地makeanefforttodosth.=makeeffortstodosth.努力/尽力做......wisdomn.智慧；才智wiseadj.（行为或决定）明智的wiselyadv.明智地suffer vt.遭受；蒙受vi.（因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦sufferpain/damage/failure遭受痛苦/破坏/失败sufferfrom 受……的折磨；因……而受苦sufferingn.苦难，痛苦sufferern.受难者asif似乎；好像；仿佛=asthough如果asif引导的从句表示的情况与事实相反或者不大可能实现，从句要用虚拟语气。shockn.震惊，休克——shockedadj.震惊的——shockingadj.令人震惊的looksthupinthedictionary查字典=refertoadictionaryevacuatevi.撤离vt.疏散，撤出evacuatefrom从......撤离evacuateto/into撤离到......二、短语strangethings奇怪的事情inthecountryside在乡村，在农村severaldays几天riseandfall涨落deepcracks深裂纹smellygas难闻的气体too…to太……而不能refusetodo拒绝做lookfor寻找jumpoutof跳出来onemillion一百万asusual像往常一样onethird三分之一twothirds三分之二lessthan少于thousandsof数以千计的morethan多于railwaytrack铁轨tensofthousandsof数以万计hundredsofthousandsof几十万millionsof成百上千万insteadof相反，而不是inshock震惊falldown跌倒，失败，倒塌digout挖出medicalcare医疗护理tirelessefforts不懈努力greatimprovementsin在某方面的巨大改善staypositive保持积极stay/keepcalm保持冷静stay/keepfit保持健康stay/keephealthy保持健康thenumberof“…的数量”+单数谓语动词anumberof“许多”+复数谓语动词Unit4：DiscoveringUsefulStructuresP52一、重点单词&搭配volcanon.火山pl:volcanoes/volcanos[z]volcanicadj.火山的活火山activevolcanoes/volcanos死火山dead/extinctvolcanoes/volcanoseruptionn.爆发——eruptv.爆发；喷发supplyn.供应（量）；补给；【pl.复数】补给品vt.供应；供给inshortsupply短缺alargesupplyof大量供应food/water/gas/electricitysupply食物/水/煤气/电供给supplysb.withsth.=supplysth.tosb.为某人供应某物=providesb.withsth.=providesth.forsb.=offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.typhoon n.台风hurricanen.(尤指西大西洋的)飓风theeyeofthehurricane飓风中心hurry v./n.匆忙（inahurry匆忙）survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过survivorn.幸存者；survivaln.幸存；生存survivesth.在......之后仍然生存下来，从......中逃生survivesb.(by...)比……活得长（多长时间）surviveonsth.=liveonsth.靠某物存活二、短语aterribleexperience一次可怕的经历thecouple这对夫妻volunteertodo志愿做某事bedestroyedby被…摧毁intheopenair露天，在户外bedamagedby被…破坏feedthebaby喂婴儿Unit4：ListeningandTalkingP53一、重点单词&搭配powern.电力供应;能量;力量;控制力eintopower当权，上台beinpower执政,掌权bepoweredby由……提供动力或能量powerfuladj.强大的;强有力的——powerfullyadv.强大地【近义词辨析】power:“力,力量”,指人或国家甚至是某个机构的权力、势力或影响力force:指强制力量,暴力,武力等energy:主要指人的精力strength:“体力,力气”;也可指“强项,长处pipen.管;管道;管子calmadj.镇静的；沉着的vt.使平静；使镇静calmly adv.冷静地；平静地calmnessn.平静，冷静keep/staycalm保持镇静calmdown平静下来calmsb.down使某人平静下来emergencyn.突发事件;紧急情况——emergentadj.紧急的，新兴的，突现的inanemergency在紧急状况下whistlev.吹口哨n.哨子;哨子声kitn.成套工具，成套设备aidn.援助；帮助；救援物资vi.&vt.(formal)帮助；援助firstaid急救——firstaidkit成套的急救药箱etoone’said来帮助某人withtheaidof...在......的帮助下aidsb.indoingsth.帮助某人做某事aidsb.in/withsth.在某方面帮助某人revivevt.&vi.复活；（使）苏醒revivaln.苏醒、复活经济复苏therevivalofeconomy=revivetheeconomyonhand现有（尤指帮助）athand在手边，即将到来byhand手工on（the）onehand...ontheotherhand...一方面....另一方面...handinhand手拉手，密切关联give/lendsbahand帮助某人handin交上，提交handout分发二、短语rescueworker救援人员seniorhighschool高中pletethetable完成表格makeasafetylist制作安全清单powerlines电线firstofall首先staycalm保持冷静stayawayfrom远离…makesure确保anemergencykit一个急救箱safetyinstruction安全须知Unit4：ReadingforWritingP5455一、重点单词&搭配crashvt.&vi.碰撞；撞击n.撞车；碰撞crashinto撞到......上acarcrash汽车撞车事故aplanecrash飞机失事sweepvt.&vi.打扫；清扫sweepaway消灭，彻底消除sweepup打扫，清扫sweepthefloor扫地wave①n.海浪；波浪awaveof一波......；一阵......awaveoffear/panic②vi.&vt.挥手；招手waveto/atsbwavesb.goodbye/wavegoodbyetosb.向某人挥手告别strikevi.&vt.侵袭；突击；击打n.罢工；罢课；袭击strikefor为......而罢工beonstrike在罢工goonstrike举行罢工（动作）Itstrikessb.that…=Itoccurstosb.that...=Ithitssb.that...某人突然意识到……bestruckby/with被......打动delivervt.&vi.递送；传达vt.发表——deliveryn.递送deliverababy接生deliveraspeech发表演讲deliversth.tosb.把某物递送/交付给某人adeliveryman送货员summaryn.总结，概括，概要——summarizevt.概述，总结asummaryof.........的总结/摘要insummary总的来说makeasummary做总结summarizeone’spoint总结某人的观点effectn.作用，影响effective(adj.)——effectively（adv.）haveaneffecton/upon... 对……有影响sideeffects副作用eintoeffect=takeeffect开始生效ineffect实际上lengthn.长，长度——lengthenv.加长——longadj.长的inlength在长度上atlength长时间；最后；详尽地atarm’slength在伸手可及处；保持一定距离地thelengthofItisameterinlength.=Itisameterlong.longfor/longtodo二、短语releaseanewsreport发布一则新闻报道releasenewsreports发布多则新闻报道crashinto撞倒，撞击morethan多于atleast至少sweepaway消灭，彻底消除strongearthquake大地震，强震reachamagnitudeof达到…的震级standat达到特定水平/高度beaffectedby被…影响“多达，和……一样多”asmanyas+可数名词asmuchas+不可数localofficial（s）地方官员thousandsof数以千计的thenumberof……的数量beexpectedtodo被期望做……deliverfoodandsupplies运送食物和补给thenumberofdeaths死亡人数shortstatementof简短陈述bebasedon——baseon以……为基础onethird三分之一thelengthof……的长度theoriginaltext原文三、重点句型when用作并列连词，表示“这时”①bedoing...when...正在做……这时……Eg：Heisdreamingawonderfuldreamwhenthefireal