高考英语一轮复习代词讲义

第五节代词〔真题演练〕1.[2022全国乙]TheChineseAncientTeaMuseumwasofficiallyunveiled（揭幕）attheceremony，openingits（it）firstexhibition:TheAvenueofTruth—ASpecialExhibitionofPu’erTea.2.[2021全国新高考Ⅰ]Asthesonggoes,thislongandwindingroad“willneverdisappear”,anditwillalwaysstickinthevisitor’smemory.Itsuredoesinmine（I）.3.[2021全国乙]Ecotourismhasits（it）originwiththeenvironmentalmovementofthe1970s.[必备知识]代词可以代替名词或起名词作用的短语、分句或句子。代词可分为九类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、不定代词、连接代词、关系代词和相互代词。一、人称代词、物主代词、反身代词类别功能第一人称第二人称第三人称人称代词主格作主语Iweyouyouhesheitthey宾格作宾语meusyouyouhimheritthem物主代词形容词性物主代词作定语myouryouryourhisheritstheir名词性物主代词作主语、宾语或表语mineoursyoursyourshishers/theirs反身代词作宾语、表语或同位语myselfourselvesyourselfyourselveshimselfherselfitselfthemselves特别提醒人称代词的主格多作句子主语；宾格用在及物动词或介词后作宾语。在口语中，常用人称代词的宾格作表语。特别注意：人称代词指代的数前后要一致形容词性物主代词用作限定词，在句中只能作名词或动名词的前置定语，不能单独使用。名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词＋名词”，可单独作主语、表语或宾语，也可与of连用作后置定语，但不能单独作定语二、不定代词each指“（两个或两个以上的人或物中）每个”，可与of搭配all/bothboth表示“两者都”；all指“（三个或三个以上的人或物）所有，全部”either/neithereither表示“（两者中的）任何一个”；neither表示“两者都不”none/nothing/noone/nobodynone指人或物，表特指，表示“（三者或三者以上中）无一个，没有一点”，可与of连用；nothing指物，表泛指，表示“没有任何东西，没有事”，不与of连用;noone/nobody指人，表泛指，不与of连用another表示不定数目中的“另一个”other/othersother泛指“另外一些”，常与可数名词复数连用；others泛指“其余的人或物”，相当于“other+复数名词”theother/theotherstheother特指“（两者之中的）另一个”；theothers=theother+可数名词复数few/afewfew表示“很少（人/事物）”,afew表示“有些（人/事物）；一些”，修饰或指代可数名词复数little/alittlelittle表示“不多的”,alittle表示“少量的，一些”，修饰或指代不可数名词many/muchmany表示“许多”，修饰或指代可数名词复数；much表示“许多”，修饰或指代不可数名词不定代词用于习惯搭配中nothingbut只有；只不过somethingof有几分；略微orsomething诸如此类的人或物everyotherday每隔一天eachother（两者）相互oneanother（三者或三者以上）相互one...another...（三者或三者以上）一个……另一个……one...theother...（两者中）一个……另一个……some...others...一些……另一些……三、it的用法指代前面所提到过的事物、想法等，也可指代不清楚或没必要知道性别的说话对象。还可以指代时间、地点、距离、天气、季节等Theemploymentratehascontinuedtoriseinbigcitiesthankstotheeffortsofthelocalgovernmentstoincreaseit.由于当地政府努力提高就业率，大城市的就业率不断上升。it作形式主语①It＋is＋adj.＋for/ofsb.＋todo...②Itisnogood/usedoingsth.③It’s（well）worthdoing④It＋is＋名词词组（apity/afact/nowonder...）＋that从句⑤It＋seems/appears/turnsout/occurstosb./...＋that从句⑥It＋is＋过去分词＋that从句⑦Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.it作形式宾语①主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/...＋it＋adj.＋（for/ofsb.）todo/that从句②主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep/...＋it＋nouse/nogood/awasteoftime/money/energy/...＋doing...含有it的常考句型takeitforgrantedthat...认为……是理所当然的assomeoneputsit正如某人所说Whenitesto...当涉及/谈到……It’s（high）timethatsb.shoulddo/didsth.是某人该做某事的时候了。It’sthefirst/second/...timethatsb.have/hasdonesth.这是某人第一/二/……次做某事。Itis/hasbeen...since...自从……多久了。Itwillbe/was...before...要过/过了多长时间才……Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who...（强调句型）〔技巧点拨〕典例1Recyclingisonewaytoprotecttheenvironment;reuseisisanother.典例2Surprisingly,Susan’sbeautifulhairreachedbelowherkneesandmadeitself（it）almostanovercoatforher.典例3Newtechnologieshavemadeitpossiblepossibletoturnoutnewproductsfasterandatalowercost.〔分层特训〕Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.[2022广东广州天河区综合测试三]Then,Itookaplasticbottleandfilleditwithmilk.2.[2022河北衡水中学高考押题卷]Wheninterviewedlastweek,BostonUniversityprofessorofpsychologicalandbrainsciencesDonnaPincustoldHuffPostthatthereis“astressreliefthatpeoplegetfromawaytoexpressthemselves（them）.”3.[2022福建南平市高级中学月考]Itisbelievedthatwashingjeanslessoftencouldhelpreducethepollutioneffectively.4.Itindicatedthat,ratherthanaddingextraclassroomtime,“schoolsmayfindfinditmoreproductivetoconsidercarefullytherangeandqualityofactivitiesprovided”.5.[2022江苏徐州高三期中抽测]AdramaseriesnamedMedaloftheRepublichasappealedtoalargeaudienceonChinesesocialmediainthelastfewweeks.IttellsheartwarmingstoriesaboutthefirstgroupofeightChinesepeoplewhowereawardedtheMedaloftheRepublic.6.[2021浙江6月]Shewasextremelypretty,andherhousewasareflectionofherself（she），everythingingoodtasteandinperfectorder.7.Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgiveitatry.8.Hopefully,thehandsometurnoverwillbeusedappropriatelytobetterprotecttheForbiddenCityandimproveits（it）internationalimageofbeingpartoftheworld’sculturalheritage.9.InthedeafcultureofNorthAmerica,manylistenersshowapplausenotbyclappingtheirhandsbutbywavingthem（they）intheair.10.SaintPatrick’sDayisamajorholidayinIreland,buttherestoftheworldhasinfluenceditscelebrationasmuchastheIrishthemselves（they）.Ⅱ.语法填空[2022广东六校高三第六次联考]Chinahasformallymadean1announce（announce）ofitsfirstfivenationalparksof230,000squarekilometersfromTibettoHainan,focusingonpreservationofitsmostvaluablebioresources.TheGiantPandaNationalParkwillsurelybe2ahitwiththeswelloftouristswhoeyearlyforsomeoftheworld’scutestanimals.3Covering（cover）threeprovinces（Sichuan,ShaanxiandGansu）,theregionisthepanda’snaturalhabitat.Theintersection（交点）ofJilinandHeilongjiangprovincesishometotheNortheastChinaTigerandLeopardNationalPark,which4hasset（set）outtoprotectthehabitatsofthosetwospeciessinceitsstart.Itistheuniquearea5wherelivebothwildSiberiantigersandAmurleopards.China’sbestpreservedrainforestisinHainan,theonlyplaceintheworld6tofind（find）