山东潍坊高三期末卷

B09山东省潍坊市2022届高三上学期期末统考第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAtthetimeofyearwhenthesun'sdailyappearanceisoftenshortlived,thefollowingwarmplacesinWashingtonStateareyourfirstchoice.AlderbrookResort&SpaLessthanatwohourdrivefromSeattle,locatedontheedgeoftheHoodCanal,anaturefilledretreat(休养处)iswaving.SealsslidealongthewatersoftheAlderbrookdock(码头),playingagameof“GoFish”withdivebombingseabirds.Asyousitontheshakingdockjustminutesafterarrival,youarealreadyinaquieterworld.SuncadiaResortAmountainescapeawaitsjustoverthepassonInterstate90(90号州际公路),about80mileseastofSeattle.Theresort'sannualWinterfestlaststhroughJanuary2,fullofholidaycelebrationsandwinterrecreation,fromcrosscountryskiingandsnowmobiletourstoiceskatingandsnowshoetours.WillowsLodgeTwentymilesfromSeattle,thisluxurylodgeisnestledintothecentreofWoodinvilleWineCountry.SituatedonfivelandscapedacresthatbordertheSammamishRiver,theNorthweststylelodgeiswithinwalkingdistanceofmorethan35tastingrooms.Whenyoustepintothelodge,firecracklesandhotapplewineweleyourarrivalwithacelebratoryair.SeattleareaRetreatsSalishLodge&Spaisascenic30minutedrivefromSeattle,bringingyoutoalodgeintegratingOldWorldatmosphereandmodernelegance.Getouttoenjoythesurroundingnature,hikingneartherushing270foottallSnoqualmieFallsortryingactivitieslikeflyfishingandsnowshoeing.HeadtoNorthBendforasliceofTwede'sCafestrawberrypie.1.Wherecanyougettheleisurefromsealife?A.SeattleareaRetreats. B.SuncadiaResort.C.AlderbrookResort&Spa. D.WillowsLodge.2.WhatcanyouenjoyatSuncadiaResort?A.Performancesofanimals.B.Amonthlongfestival.C.Anexhibitionofsnowshoes.D.Amusementswithsnow.3.WhatdoWillowsLodgeandSeattleareaRetreatshaveinmon?A.Theyfeaturewinetasting.B.Theyfocusonoutdooractivities.C.Theyservefoodmadefromfruits.D.Theybinetheancientandmoderntrends.BFouryearsago,NikkiTysoerarelygotonabike.Today,though,she'sbeesoaddictedtothecyclingworldthatshe'sevenhelpingtobringpedalpowertomentalhealthnursesatthehospitalwheresheworks.InApril,2020,theNationalLotteryfundedcharityAccessSportintroducedaprogrammethatprovidesbikestoTowerHamlets'RoyalLondonHospital.NikkipushedforthistobeextendedtoGoodmayesHospital,amentalhealthfacilityinnortheastLondonwhereshe'saprojectmanager.Shesayshavingthebikesnotonlyenablesnursingstafftotravelsafelytoandfromworkduringthecoronaviruscrisis,butalsoletsthemblowoffsteamduringtheirbreaks.Nikkiwantedtodosomethingtomakelifeabitbetterforthestaff.There'salotoffocusonthehospitalsatthemomentwhicharehavinganawfultimebutthisisalsoanextrastressfultimeformentalhealthstaff.Thebikesprovideaplementtoa“wobbleroom”withinthehospital.It'ssomewherethestaffcangowhenthey'rereallystressed,andthebikesareanextensionofthat.JuniordoctorAimanisverygratefulfortheprogramme.“UsingthebikemeansIcangettoworksafely,”shesays.“Thishastakenoutalotofworriesfrommydailylifeandallowsmetofocusonmypatients.It'sdefinitelyimprovedmymentalwellbeing.”Stresslevelsaregenerallyhighinnursingandhavingbikeswouldmakeabigdifference.WhileAccessSporthasprovidedNikkiwithbikes,herdreamistohavethreeorfourbicyclespermanentlyonsite.Followingthesuccessofthebikeloans,Nikkiisworkingtoextendtheprojectbeyondlockdown.4.WhydidNikkiwanttoextendtheprogrammetoGoodmayesHospital?A.Tomakeherhobbyknown.B.Togetnursestocycleforhealth.C.Tofightagainstthecoronaviruscrisis.D.Toguaranteetrafficsafety.5.Whatmightanursefeelingstresseddoina“wobbleroom”?A.Attendtopatients.B.Reflectonthework.C.Listentomusicandrelax.D.Receiveprofessionaltraining.6.WhatcanweinferabouttheprogrammeaccordingtodoctorAiman?A.Itmeetschallenges.B.Itisagreatsuccess.C.Itboostssalesofbikes.D.Itispopularamongpatients.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesNikki?A.Caring. B.Demanding. C.Ambitious. D.Generous.CFormorethanadecade,ateamofresearchershavestudiedthedynamicsoftheGreenlandIceSheetasitrespondstoawarmingclimate.Butwhilemuchoftheirfocushasbeenonwater'simpactsonicesheetchange,theirmostrecentresearchfindingshaveoverturnedtheorderoftheirthinking.Meierbachtol,HarperandtheirteamdiscoveredthatchangesintheicesheethavearealimpactonthemassivegroundwatersystemunderlyingGreenland.Thislatestdiscoveryoccurredthankstoamarriageofdrillingtechniques.Internationalcooperatorsmadeanangledhole650metresthroughbedrockunderneathaGreenlandglacier(冰川)tomeasuregroundwaterconditionsundertheice.Meanwhile,researchersdrilled32holesfromatoptheglacier,throughnearlyakilometreofice,tomeasurewaterconditionsattheareabetweeniceandbedrock,whichformsanimportantboundarycontrollinggroundwaterflowbelow.Afterdrilling,theteamfixedsensorsintheicecolumnandattheicesheetbedtomeasureicedynamicsandwaterconditionsaswaterflowsundertheice.“Bystudyingareascoveredbyice10,000yearsago,wehaveknownthatthehugemassandvastamountsofwaterfrommeltingicecanimpacttheunderlyinggroundwater,”Meierbachtolsaid.“It'sgenerallyacceptedthatthegroundwaterissleepingoverdecadestocenturiesanditsresponsetoicesheetchangeislong:thousandsofyears.Butwhatwe'veshownhereisthatitisimmediate.”ThisnewunderstandingcouldhaveimportantsubsequenteffectsonhowGreenland'sthinningimpactstheArctic.Thethinningicecouldreducetherateofgroundwaterflowtotheocean,changingthewatertemperatureandsalinity(盐度)balancethatisimportantforoceancirculation(循环)patterns.“InthinkingabouttheplexfeedbacksfromGreenland'songoingchange,wehavereallyignoredthegroundwaterponent,”Harpersaid.8.Howdotheresearchersfeelabouttheresultoftherecentstudy?A.Satisfied. B.Disappointed.C.Surprised. D.Doubtful.9.WhatcontributesmosttothenewresearchabouttheGreenlandIceSheet?A.Fixingsensorsintoicesheet.B.Closeinternationalcooperation.C.Advancedrockdrillingtechnology.D.Abinationoftwodrillingapproaches.10.Whatisamisunderstandingofthegroundwaterunderglaciers?A.Ithasaverylargevolume.B.Itisinactiveforalongtime.C.Itsponentisplex.D.Itstemperatureischangeable.11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WaterImpactstheGreenland'sIceSheetB.LonglastingEffectsofGlobalWarmingontheArcticC.NewlyDiscoveredGroundwaterResourcesinGreenlandD.Greenland'sGroundwaterChangeswithThinningIceSheetDMachinepartscaneasilywearorcrack.Ifengineershadtheirway,machineswouldhavenomovingpartsatall.However,asolidpieceofmetalwouldbeapaperweight,ratherthanausefulmachine.So,perhapsjustonemovingponentwouldbeanacceptablepromise.Suchmachinesarenowbeginningtoappear.Alloysofgalliumthatmeltbelowroomtemperaturearechosen.Theyhavethreeproperties:thehighestsurfacetensionsofanyknownliquid,goodelectricalconductivity,andextremechemicalreactivity,intheformofawillingnesstodonateelectrons—aprocessknownasoxidation—tonearbysubstances.KouroshattheUniversityofNewSouthWalesusedthesepropertiestodesignamachinewithasinglemovingpart:acontinuousflowreactor.Thisdeviceisacircular14centimetrelongtrack,forreactantstoflowaround.Itwasinterruptedbyasinglecavitycontainingadropletofliquidmetalconnectedtoanelectricalpowersource.Anelectricalcurrentappliedtothedropletproducesachangeinitssurfacetension.That,inturn,leadstoapressuredifferencestrongenoughtopullreactantsacross,allowingelectrondonationtohappenandthedesiredchemicalreactiontooccur.Thedeformationofthedropletasittensesandrelaxeswithinitscavitypumpstheresultantchemicalaway,allowingfreshreactantstoflowinandtheprocesstobeginagain.Theforcesproducedbysurfacetensiondominateatsmallscales.Atlargerscalestheyaren'tsuperiortothosegeneratedbyelectromagnetism,onwhichconventionalmotorsrely.Thismeansthatliquidmetalengineeringwillbemostusefulforobjectsthatareroughlycentimetresizeandbelow.Asthisiswheremaintenanceandrepairsarethemostdemandingandcostly,suchafeatureisgoodnews.Andeventhoughtheywilllikelybelimitedtosmallerdevices,theappealofliquidmetalsiseasytosee.Theyexperiencenoneofthewearandtearthateventuallycausesmachinepartstobreakdown.Anydamagetheysufferisnaturallyselfhealing.Galliumalloys,moreover,areeasytomake,harmlesstothetouch.Justtheticket,inotherwords,forcreativeengineers.12.Whichisoneofthecharacteristicsofgalliumalloys?A.Theirsurfacetensionsarelow.B.Theyarealwaysreadytoattractelectrons.C.Electriccurrentspassthroughthemeasily.D.Theychangetoliquidsonlybelowroomtemperature.13.WhathappenstotheliquidmetalwhenconnectedtoelectricityinParagraph3?A.Itispulledaway. B.Itproducesnewchemicals.C.Itsshapechanges. D.Itflowsaroundthetrack.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“those”inParagraph4referto?A.Motors. B.Forces. C.Machines. D.Objects.15.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkaboutconcerningliquidmetals?A.Theirlimitations. B.Theirapplications.C.Theiradvantages. D.Theirfunctions.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thereisnoescapingourevolutionintoacashlesssociety.Theideathatalltransactions(交易)canbepleteddigitallyisbeingmorerealisticdaybyday.16Asitis,peopleincreasinglydemandlowtouchorcontactlesspaymentswithgrowingconcernsoverthespreadofvirusesanddiseases.Acashlesssocietywouldgiverisetoaneweraforfinancialdeals.Thekeybenefitswouldincludelowercrimerates,easierforeigntransactions,andreducedrisksandcosts.Theideaofacashlesssocietyappearsverymoninoursociety.17

Economicinequalityandinclusivity(包容性)arefundamentalissuesstillpresentworldwide.18Theunbankedandpoorcouldfacesignificantchallengeswithdigitalmodesofpayment.Infact,mostoftheunbankedviewthecashlessmovementasanunfairactagainstthosewithoutbankaccounts.

Foracashlesssociety,thereneedstobeanunderstandingandacceptancebygovernmentsandpaymentprovidersofthefinancialinclusionissuescurrentlyinexistence.19Therearealsotheelderlyandthedisabledwhofacetheirownchallengeswithrapiddigitalizationandtechnologicaladvancement.TherearestillpartsofsocietythatlacktrustindigitalpaymentsorhavebarrierstoaccessingmobilephonesandtheInternet.

20Itisalsoabouttolaunchanationaldigitalcurrency(货币),theworld'sfirst.Nearlyeverythingcanbetransactedbydigitalmeanshere.AswepreparefortheconsequenceofCOVID19,andusethemodelsetbyChina,othercountriesneedtotakeituponthemselvestoprovideaharmonious,effective,andcashlesssociety—onethatdoesnotleaveanyonebehind.

A.However,thisisfarfromreality.B.Severalcountrieshaveenteredcashlesssociety.C.Acashlesssocietymightactuallyworsentheseproblems.D.COVID19hasspedupthemoveawayfromphysicalcash.E.InChina,fouroutofeveryfivepaymentsarenowcashless.F.Itisn'tjusttheunbankedwhoareatriskofbeingleftbehind.G.Sofinancialinclusionneedstobethecorevalueinacashlesssociety.第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Myloveoflaundry(洗衣)deepenedasIgrewolder.IlearnedhowtowashanddrymyownclothesbeforeIwasten.Inmyteens,Itaughtmyselfto21.Withaloveofdrycleanonlyclotheswhileonacollegestudent22attheUniversityofKentucky,I23mytextiles(纺织业)professorstofindoutifIcouldwashmywoolsweatersandpantsmyself.I24Icould—afterall,peoplehadbeenwearingwoolclothingsincelongbeforethe25ofdrycleaning.

WhatIlearnedfrommylaundryteacherswerenotjustthehowtos.Inhisbooks,authorGaryChapmanteachesfive“lovelanguages”—26toexpressandexperiencelove.Mineis27.That'swhatcaringforclothesmeantformygrandmother,formymum,and28forme.Farbeyondduty,serviceisthewayIshowotherslove—whetherI'mironingmyhusband'sshirts,29decoratingourhomeforChristmas.

Changingourmindsetsfrom30cleaningclothestocaringforothersisthe31tochangingourattitudesaboutlaundryfromhardworktolove.My32isthatcaringforyourlovedones'clothesshowsthemlove.Whentheirclothesare33,smellwonderful,andlookgreat,yourlovedonesaregoingtofeelasiftheycantakeontheworld,andtheirdaysaregoingtobeallthe34.That'strueforyouandyourclothes35.Anddon'tyoudeservethat?

21.A.iron B.sew C.display D.measure22.A.salary B.award C.budget D.holiday23.A.stoodby B.thoughtof C.learnedfrom D.soughtout24.A.confirmed B.joked C.suspected D.imagined25.A.discovery B.permission C.invention D.addiction26.A.stories B.theories C.ways D.chances27.A.share B.service C.interest D.appreciation28.A.now B.soon C.never D.once29.A.for B.and C.so D.or30.A.frequently B.pletely C.simply D.directly31.A.key B.end C.clue D.tendency32.A.mode B.mission C.personality D.philosophy33.A.new B.clean C.dear D.right34.A.tidier B.longer C.brighter D.easier35.A.asusual B.aswell C.intime D.inparticular第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheOscarsareheldeveryMarchinthecityofLosAngeles.ManyofHollywood'sbiggest36(celebrity)attendthisevent,37(hope)towinanOscaraward.Sincethefirstceremonyin1929,38onlyfifteenawardsweregivenout,theOscarshavegrowninsizeandpopularity.Now,morethanfiftyofthegoldplatedstatuesaremadeeveryyearinthecityofChicago.Theythen39(transport)toLosAngelesfortheawardsshow.

However,onMarch8,2000,someonestolethefiftyfiveOscarstatuesthatweremadeforthatyear'sceremony.Soonafter,thetruckingpany40(responsibility)fortransportingthestatuesoffereda$50,000rewardforthem.

Afewdayslater,WillieFulgearwaslookingforsomeboxesinagarbagecannearhishomeintheKoreatownDistrictofLosAngeles.Williewasmovingoutofhisapartmentandheneededboxes41(pack)histhingsin.Searchingthroughthecan,hefoundsomewhiteboxes.HeopenedoneofthemandfoundanOscarinside.Hehadtheotherboxes42(tear)openandgotfiftytwoOscars,all43perfectcondition.Heimmediatelycalledthepolice.

FinallyWillieFulgearreceived44$50,000rewardandaninvitationtotheOscarceremony.Hedidn'treceiveanawardforhishonesty45hedidgofromlittertoglitter(闪光)injustoneweek.

第三部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)请以“MyIdealSchoolCanteen”为题写一篇介绍你心目中理想的校园餐厅的英语短文,准备在英语课上向同学们朗读,内容包括:1.名称和位置;2.就餐环