人教版八年级上册第二单元知识点归纳

第二单元：一、大的语法点1、How如何（方式）howoften多久一次（频率）答语常用“Always/often/everyday/…”或“次数+时间”等表频率的状语例如：HowoftendoyouwatchTV?----Twiceaweek.一次once两次twice三次或三次以上基数词+timesthreetimesfourtimesHowcome?怎么回事？怎么会？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可引导一个问句。相当于疑问词why。但howcome开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍是陈述语序。Howcomeyoudidn'ttellmeaboutit?=Whyyoudidn'ttellmeaboutit?howlong多长（时间）答语常用“（For/about+）时间段”howfar多远（距离）答语常用“（It’s+）数词+miles/meters/kilometers”howmany多少（接可数名词）howmuch（接不可数名词）2、频度副词1.频度副词的含义(1)表示次数、频率的副词称为频度副词。常用的频度副词按高低依次为always>usually>sometimes>seldom>hadlyever>never100%80%60%30%10%0%(2)表示具体的频率、次数时，一次用once，两次用twice，三次或三次以上用“基数词+times”表示:threetimes,fourtimes,sixtimes2.频度副词在句中的位置(1)频度副词一般在动词之前，be动词、情态动词之后E.g.Wenevereatjunkfood.Lucyissometimesverybusy.Icanhardlysayaword.3.对频度副词提问时，用howoftenE.g.---Howoftendoyougotothemovies?---Onceamonth3.ItisgoodtorelaxbyusingtheInternetofwatchinggameshows,butwethinkthebestwaytorelaxisthroughexercise.通过使用因特网看娱乐节目来放松很不错，但是我们认为最好的放松方式是通过锻炼来放松。(1)It’s+adj.+todosth做某事„„的E.g.It’sveryeasytolearnEnglishwell.bydoingsth.通过做某事by介词+n/v-ing/代词通过…方式byoneself独自地bytheway顺便问/说一下bychance/accident偶然地bymistake错误地learnbyheart记住thebestway/timetodosth做某事的最好方式/时间4.Itishealthyforthemindandthebody.这有益于身心健康。stayhealthy=keephealthy=keepingoodhealth保持健康beingood/bad/poorhealthbegood/badforone’shealth5.-----Whatdoyouusuallydoonweekends?-----Ioftengotothemovies.at+钟点at7o’clockatnoon/atnight（during/intheday）atthis/thattimeattheageofon+具体某天、星期、特指的一天、纪念日、节日onApril1stonSundayonacoldwintermorningonTeachers’Dayonweekends/ontheweekend在周末in+上午、下午、晚上、年、月、季节、年代、世纪inthemorning/afternoon/eveningin1999inAugustinautumnin1960sinthe21stcentury6、hardlyever几乎从不hardly和hardhard作形容词，意为“困难的，艰苦的，硬的”；hard作副词，意为“努力地，猛烈地”。hardly意为“几乎不”(1)Thegroundistootodig(2)Icanunderstandthem.(3)It'sraining,thepeoplecangooutside.8.Weallknowthatmanystudentsoftengoonline,butweweresurprisedthatninetypercentofthemusetheInterneteveryday.Theothertenpercentuseitatleastthreeorfourtimesaweek.我们都知道许多学生经常上网，但是让我们感到惊讶的是90%的学生每天都上网，而另外10%的学生一周至少上网达三至四次。“数字+percentof+n”作主语，谓语动词取决于nEg：Twentypercentofthestudentsexerciseeveryday.Twentypercentoftimepasses.10.Theanswerstoourquestionsaboutwatchingtelevisionwerealsointeresting.关于看电视的调查结果也十分的有趣。theanswerstoourquestions问题的答案dancetothemusic和着音乐的节奏跳舞Akeytothelock/thedoor这把锁的钥匙二、小的知识点1，exercise作v锻炼，运动作[c]操，练习domorning/eyeexercises作[uc]锻炼takemuch/moreexercise2，helpsb（to）dosthhelpsbwithsthwithsb’shelp=withthehelpofsb3，everyday每天everyday日常的，每天的4，what’syourfavoriteprogram？=whatprogramdoyoulikebest？5，free空闲的inone’sfreetimebefree自由的asfreeasafishfreedomn.自由免费的Thebestthingsinlifearefree.6，befull=bebusy忙的bebusydoingsth/bebusywithsthbefullof充满eg：Thebottleisfullofmilk.7，stayupdoingsth熬夜做某事8，atleast至少atmost至多9，asksbaboutsthasksb（not）todosthasksbforhelp/advice/information10，besurprisedthat/besurprisedat/besurprisedtodo对…很惊讶Toone’ssurprise另某人惊讶的是insurprise惊讶地11，4个花费：人+spend/spends/spent+时间/钱+（in）doingsth/onsthspendtimewithsb人+pay/pays/paid+钱+forsthIttakes/tooksb+时间+todosth物+cost/costs/cost+sb+钱12，beforeit’stoolate趁来得及13，noone=nobody指人，回答who，anyone，anybody的提问None指人或物，可接of短语，（→all≥3）回答howmany/much，any，及有特定范围（which）的提问nothing指物，回答what，anything的提问29，diev.死亡，消失died过去式14、diev.死亡，消失died过去式deadadj死亡的，无生命的de