九上英语被动语态的总结与复习概要

ThePassiveVoice

LessonStyle:Revision（被动语态）ThePassiveVoiceLessoⅠ.FocusonthePassiveVoice(Ⅰ)主动语态(TheActiveVoice)和被动语态(ThePassiveVoice)

ManypeoplespeakEnglish.(主动语态:主语是动作的执行者)Englishisspokenbymanypeople.(被动语态:主语是动作的承受者)Ⅰ.FocusonthePassiveVoice(ⅠTurnthefollowingsentenceintothePassiveVoice:

Weplantedmanytreeslastmonth.→Manytreeswereplantedbyuslastmonth.Turnthefollowingsentencei1.主动语态改被动语态的步骤及注意事项:Conclusion(1).步骤:首先,要弄清楚主动语态中的主语、谓语和宾语及其时态;其次,把主动语态的宾语改成被动语态的主语;然后,把主动语态的谓语动词改成相应时态的被动结构;最后,当需要指出动作的执行者时,由by引出组成介词短语,其它句子成分不变.1.主动语态改被动语态的步骤及注意事项:ConclusionConclusionⅡ:要使用被动语态的几种场合：

1.不知道或者没有必要指出谁是动作执行者时;ThecarsaremadeinJapan.

2.需要强调或突出调动作的承受者时;Englishisusedmostwidelyintheworld.

3.有的动作的发出者不是人时;Hishousewaswashedawayintheflood.

4.文章的标题、广告、新闻等用语.WaitersWanted(招聘服务员,省去了are.)ConclusionⅡ:要使用被动语态的几种场合：总结各种不同时态中被动语态的构成总结各种不同时态中被动语态的构成1.Footballisplayedallovertheworld.2.Camerasareusedfortakingphotos.3.Iamtaughtbyhimthisyear.4.Thetelephonewasinventedin1876.5.Fiveeggswereusedtomakethisbigcake.

Let’sreadandobserve(观察)carefully,

thendrawsomeconclusions(结论).一般现在时一般过去时1.Footballisplayedallover6.Thegroundwillbecoveredwithtreesinafewyears.7.Theywillbesenttothehospitalrightnow.8.Atalkisgoingtobegivensoon.9.Mywatchisbeingrepaired

now.10.Somecomputersarebeingcheckedthere.11.Iambeingwatchedbyeveryone.一般将来时现在进行时一般将来时现在进行时12.Treesmustbeplantedaroundourschool.13.Teenagersshouldbeallowedtochoosetheirownclothes.14.Mustourhomeworkbehandedinnow?15.Thefoodhasbeeneatenupalready.16.Thosemobilephoneshavebeenstolen.17.Havetheapplesbeenpaidforyet?含情态动词现在完成时12.Treesmustbeplantedaroun构成助动词be+及物动词的过去分词

be

+

vt.p.p.构成助动词be+及物动词的过去分词be不同时态的被动语态的构成一般现在时：am/is/are+vt.p.p.

一般过去时：

was/were+vt.p.p.

情态动词：must/can/could/may+be+vt.p.p.现在进行时:

(am/is/are)+being+vt.p.p.

一般将来时:

willbe+vt.p.p.

begoingtobe+vt.p.p.现在完成时:

have/has+been+vt.p.p.过去进行时:

(was/were)+being+vt.p.p.不同时态的被动语态的构成一般现在时：am/is/ar我们该如何变被动语态呢？1动作承受者+be+过去分词+（by+动作执行者）+其余部分2根据实际情况变化一下

be.（根据被动语态的构成）（目的是为了保持时态和形式与原句一致。）我们该如何变被动语态呢？1动作承受者+be+(2).注意事项:①时态与原句保持一致;②人称代词主格、宾格的变化;③大小写的变化;④变化后被动句中主谓在人称和数上的一致.(2).注意事项:练习主动变被动1.Theyusearecorderinclass.2.Hewritessomeletterstohisclassmate.3.Theworkersbuiltournewbuildingamonthago.4.Theboyturnedonalightwhenheleft.

Arecorderisusedbytheminclass.Somelettersarewrittenbyhimtohisclassmate.Ournewbuildingwasbuiltbytheworkersamonthago.Alightwasturnedonbytheboywhenheleft.练习主动变被动Arecorderisused5、Weshouldplantthetreesaroundthe

lake6、Wemustrepairthecomputernow.7、Studentsshouldcorrecttheirmistakes.8、Wemustwaterthetreeswell.Thetreesshouldbeplantedaroundthelake.Thecomputermustberepairednow.Theirmistakesshouldbecorrected.Thetreesmustbewateredwell.6、Wemustrepairthecompu被动语态的注意事项1.含被动语态的句子的句型转换特殊疑问句的被动语态被动语态的注意事项1.含被动语态的句子的句型转换特殊疑问句的2.简单句的五种基本句型中的两种句型没有语动语态主语+系动词+表语主语+不及物动词不及物动词没有被动语态形式.常用的不及物动词或短语动词有:happen,breakout,takeplace,belongto,breakdown,appear,disappear等.表感官功能或变化的系动词没有被动语态形式.这类词主要有:smell,taste,sound,look,feel,get,turn,become等.Therebe结构没有被动语态。主动句中宾语是反身代词的没有被动语态。2.简单句的五种基本句型中的两种句型没有语动语态不及物动词没3.有些及物动词用作不及物动词,表示主语(表物)的某种性质时，不用被动语态

。这类词主要有:open,lock,write,read,sell,clean,wash,cut,ride,draw等,且这些词后多有副词well.Thepen_____(write)verywell.Thiskindofsweater____(sell)well.writessells3.有些及物动词用作不及物动词,表示主语(表物)的某种性质4.一些相当于及物动词的短语动词(动词+介词或动词+副词）变为被动语态时,应将该短语动词视为一个整体,不能漏掉其中的介词或副词.eg.Weshouldspeaktotheoldpolitely.→Theoldshouldbespokentopolitely.Wecantakegoodcareofyourchild.→Yourchildcanbetakengoodcareof.★★4.一些相当于及物动词的短语动词(动词+介词或动词+副词）5.及物动词后有复合宾语,即动词后有宾语和宾语补足语时(主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语),只需将宾语提前变为被动句的主语,宾语补足语保留在原位.WecallhimTom.→HeiscalledTom.

(byus).Wemustkeepourclassroomcleaneveryday.→Ourclassroommustbekeptclean

everyday.5.及物动词后有复合宾语,即动词后有宾语和宾语补足语时(主语6.带双宾的谓语动词，即有些动词带有两个宾语，直接宾语和间接宾语（主语+谓语+宾语+宾语）有两种改法:

通常把间接宾语变为被动语态的主语,直接宾语仍保留在原位;

当把直接宾语改成被动语态的主语，间接宾语前必须加介词to或for.

间接宾语前加

to的动词有give,show,send,pass,bring,

lend,

tell等;间接宾语前加for

动词有buy,

sing,

make,draw,cook,mend,

do,

get,

find等.6.带双宾的谓语动词，即有些动词带有两个宾语，直接宾语和间e.g.Heboughtmeanewbikeyesterday.→Iwasboughtanewbikeyesterday.Anewbikewasboughtformeyesterday.★Hegavemeadictionary.→Iwasgivenadictionary(byhim).

Adictionarywasgiven

tome(byhim).★e.g.Iwasboughtanewbikey7.使役动词have,let,make和感官动词see,hear,watch,notice在主动语态中后接省略to的不定式作宾语补足语,改成被动语态时,to必须还原。WeheardhimsingthesonglastSunday.→Hewasheard

tosingthesonglastSunday.但注意:Weheardhimplayingthepianojustnow.→Hewasheard

playingthepianojustnow.★7.使役动词have,let,make和感官动词see,被动语态加上‘to’1.Theyheardhimsaygood-byetohisteacherafterclass.He_______________good-byetohisteacherafterclass.2.Theymadehimdotheworkjustnow.He________________theworkjustnow.3.Histeachernoticeshimplayacomputer.He_________________acomputer.washeardtosaywasmadetodoisnoticedtoplay被动语态加上‘to’washeardtosaywas◆常用被动语态的词组：1.被用来做某事被某人使用被用作……2.由……制造在某地/某时制造3.被制成……4.由……组成/构成5.装满……6.由/被……覆盖7.被迫做某事beusedfordoingsth/todosth.beusedby+人beusedas…bemadeof/from+原料bemadein+地点/时间(年\月)

bemadeinto+成品bemadeupof……befilledwithbecoveredwithbemade/forcedtodo◆常用被动语态的词组：beusedfordoingⅢ.即时演练:1.Ifthework____,youcangoandplaygames.A.finishedB.hasfinishedC.willbefinishedD.isfinished2.Itwasrainingheavilyoutside,thechildrenweremade____intheclassroom.A.stayB.tostayC.stayingD.stayed3.Tenletters___byKatesofar.A.haswrittenB.waswrittenC.havebeenwrittenD.iswritingDBCⅢ.即时演练:1.Ifthework____,yo4.Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbish___intotheriver.A.needn’tbethrownB.mustn’tbethrownC.can’tthrowD.maynotthrow

B5.Ilikemybike.It___verywell.A.ridesB.isridingC.isriddenD.hasridden6.—Iwon’tcometothepartyunlessTom___,too.—YoumeanifTomcomes,you’llcome.A.