安徽省皖豫联盟2023-2024学年高三毕业班上学期第二次联考英语试题

皖豫名校联盟2024届高中毕业班第二次考试英语考生注意：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.₤19.15.B.₤9.18.C.₤9.15.答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwasthewomandoingwhenherbagwasstolen?A.Shewassleeping.B.Shewaslookingforaseat.C.Shewasreadingsomedocuments.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Sir,someonestolemybag.M:Wheredidyouleaveit?W:IputitonthischairandIwassittingnexttoit.Iwasalittletiredandfellasleep.WhenIwokeup,mybagwasgone.Itcontainssomeimportantdocuments.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atarestaurant.B.Atahotel.C.Atanairport.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Hello,excuseme.Ihaveareservationforasingleroomfortonight.W:Underwhatname?M:It’sDavid.W:That’sright.Yes.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatdoweknowaboutTommy?A.Heeatsverylittle.B.Hetriestoloseweight.C.Hemaintainshisweightwell.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:MyfriendTommyeatslikeahorsebutstilldoesn’tgainanyweight,despitegettingoninyears.W:Luckyguy.Ieatlikeabirdbutstillhavetowatchmyweight.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Agreatbook.B.Presentsforfriends.C.Theircoworker.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:LookwhatMarygaveme!Isn’tthisagreatbook?W:Yeah,itis!Maryissosweet—sheisalwaysgivingherfriendsandcoworkerspresents.Iwishthereweremorepeoplelikeherinthisworld!We’resoluckytoworkwithher.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.GotoChina.B.Learnalanguage.C.Takeabreak.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Dad,IamplanningtolearnChineseinthisingsemesterbreak.Chinaisanewgloballeaderforinnovationandtrade.Wemustlearnitslanguagetoexplorethebest.M:OK,great.Goahead,Linda.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Wherewillthemansitinthetheater?A.Inthefront.B.Inthemiddle.C.Intheback.7.Whenwillthemanseethefilm?A.At8:00p.mB.At7:00p.mC.At6:00p.m.【答案】6.A7.A【解析】【原文】M:I’dlikesixticketsforthefilmMoonflashplayingat7pmtonight,please,asclosetothefrontaspossible,sowecanenjoyallthosespecialeffectswe’veheardabout!W:I’msorry,sir,butwedon’thavemanyticketsleftforthisperformance.Icanmanagetwogroupsofthreeseats—butonegroupisinthemiddleorthebackrow.I’vegotagroupofsixseatstogetherbutthey’rerightattheback,too.Isthatanygood?M:No.Wereallywanttobeclosetotheaction.W:Well,Icanmanagesixseatstogether,inthefrontrow,butthat’sforthenextshowing,at8o’clock.M:Great.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthehotel?A.Disappointing.B.Acceptable.C.Surprising9.Whyisthewomanunhappy?A.Thebathroomisinamess.B.Thereceptionistisunfriendly.C.Thebedisunfortable.10.Whatdoesthewomanagreetodoatlast?A.Askforanotherroom.B.Getthemoneyback.C.Stayinthehoteltonight.【答案】8.B9.A10.C【解析】【原文】W:David,thisistheworsthotelwe’veeverstayedin!M:It’sbetterthanthelasthotelinLondon.Atleastthebedisfortable.W:WellI’mgoingtoplaintothereceptionist!Therearen’tanytowelsinthebathroom!M:Wecanaskforsometowels,Pat.W:Yesbutthebathroomisn’tclean,David—youmustbeabletoseethat!It’sunbelievable!Andthelockonthewindow’sbroken!Askthereceptionistifwecanchangerooms.M:Irememberthereceptionistsaidthehotelwasfullsowecan’tasktochange.W:Well,thenIwanttogotoanotherhotelnow!Tellthereceptionistwewantallourmoneyreturned.M:Idon’tthinkwe’llbeabletofindanotherhotelnow.It’sverylate,sowe’llhavetostayheretonight.W:Well,I’mnotstayingheretomorrow.Wemustfindanotherhotel.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Takingphotos.B.Readingamagazine.C.Touringaroundanisland.12.Whatisthehotelshapedlike?A.Aship.B.Anisland.C.Asail.13.Howlongdiditactuallytaketobuildthehotel?A.Twoyears.B.Threeyears.C.Fouryears.【答案】11.B12.C13.A【解析】【原文】M:Coolmagazine!W:It’smymum’stravelmagazine.Thisissueisaboutfamoustouristattractions.Look!Here’soneofthemostphotographedstructuresintheworld.M:Whatisit?Itlookslikeahugesailthat’sjustsittingonthewater,doesn’tit?W:Yeah,butit’snotasail.It’sahotelinDubai—theBurjAlArabHotel.Andyou’reright.ItsaysherethatthedesignwasinspiredbythesailsofanArabiantradingship.M:Nice!Wasitbuiltonanisland?W:Yep.Anislandwascreatedjustforthehotel!M:Wow!Ibetittooklongertoconstructtheislandthanthehotel,don’tyou?W:Yeah,itsaysthatittookthreeyearstofilltheseatomaketheisland.Andittookoneyearlessthanthattoactuallybuildthehotel.M:I’dlovetogothereoneday.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Discussingaproject.B.Makingashoppinglist.C.Planningatrip15.Whowillberesponsibleforthelocaldocuments?A.Ben.B.Sharon.C.Vivian.16.WhatdoesBenoffertodo?A.Interviewtheelderly.B.Helpcontactorganizations.C.Decideonalistofinterviewees.17.Wherewillthespeakersgotogettheoldmapsofthetown?A.Thepubliclibrary.B.Retirementhomes.C.Therecordsoffice.【答案】14.A15.B16.B17.C【解析】【原文】W:Ben,weneedtoplanourprojectonthehistoryofthistown.Thereisalistofwhatneedstobedone.Ithoughtwecoulddividethejobsbetweenus.M:OK,Sharon.I’dliketousetheInternetforresearch.Thentherearesomelocaldocumentsinthepubliclibrary.Whatdoyouthink?W:Well,myfriendVivianisalibrarianthere.Soit’llprobablybeeasierifIdoit.M:Good.Thentheothertypeofresearchisinterviewingelderlypeoplewho’velivedherealltheirlives.Weneedtofindpeoplewillingtobeinterviewed.W:Iamthinkingaboutcontactinglocalorganizationsforelderlypeople,likeretirementhomesanddaycenters.M:Mm.Theremustbealotoforganizationstocontact.ShallItakeonhalfofthem?W:Allright.I’llmakealistandmarkwhichonesweshouldeachcontact.M:Fine.We’llneedtohavecopiesofoldmapsofthetown,won’twe?W:Whynotgototherecordsoffice?They’reboundtohavesomethere.M:Soundsgood.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whyisthebaobab’strunkreallyfat?A.Itisshapedbypeople.B.Itstoresalargequantityofwater.C.Itmustbestrongenoughtosupportthetree.19.Whatisthefullheightofabaobab?A.About12metre.B.About15metre.C.About30metre.20.Whatarebaobabsoftenusedasnowadays?A.Shops.B.Wildlifehabitats.C.Busshelters【答案】18.B19.C20.C【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorning,everyone.Weletoourpark.Thesubjectofmytalktodayisthisstrangelookingtreethatyouseehereinfrontofyou.Itisknownasthebottletreeinsomepartsoftheworld.Weprefertocallitbyitsmoremonname—thebaobab.Thebaobabsurvivesbystoringwaterinsideitstrunk.Thetrunkcanswellupenormously,andstoreupto120,000litersofwater.Youcanseeinthistreehowthetrunkisreallyfatandshapedlikeabottle.Baobabsgenerallycanreachheightsofabout30metresbutthisone,at15metre,isjustababybyparison.Baobabshadbeenusedasshopsinthepast.Nowadays,however,abaobabisoftenusedasabusshelterbecauseitprovidesshadewhenit’ssunnyandprotectionwhenitrains!Thisamazingtreehasanothername—theTreeofLife,andwhenyouthinkhowitcancreateapleteecosystem,supportingthelifeofmanyanimals,youunderstandwhy.Thenthinkofthemanywayshumansusethistree.Yes,Ithinkthisisthebestnameofall:theTreeofLife.Doesanybodyhaveanyquestions?第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AHotList:TheBestNewRestaurantsintheWorldPlacedesFetes—NewYorkCityThisfamouswinebarprovidesaspotwithararesweetandwarmatmosphere.Fordatenight,gotothebarwithviewsoftheopenkitchen,orfillupthelargetableinthebackwithagroupandtastetheentire20itemmenu.Eitherway,donotmissthefamousmushroomsoup.LeDoyenné—SaintVrain,FranceAustralianchefsJamesHenryandShaunKellytransformedtheformerstables(马厩)ofa19thcenturyprivateestateintoaworkingfarm,restaurant,andguesthousedrivenbytheprinciplesofregenerativeagriculture.Morethanonehundredvarietiesoffruits,vegetables,andherbsmaketheirwayintoHenry’scookingafterbeingcarefullynurtured(培育)byKelly.MipaChava—MexicoCitySeafoodisahangovercureinMexico,andalmosteveryoneeatinghereisdevotedtofixinglastnight’sdamagefromdrunkennessandgettingaheadstartoncreatingtoday’s.Onthesidewalk,crowdsoflocalsandtouristsalikelineupforfishermanSalvadorOrozco’screativetakesonSinaloaandBajaseafood.Anythingfromtherawhalfofthemenuisasurebet,thoughcookeddisheslikefishcanhelpfilloutameal.Vilas—BangkokCanadishinspiredbyaSpanishrecipeusingJapaneseingredients(原料)stillbeconsideredThai?ForChefPrinPolsuk,oneofBangkok’smostfamousThaichefs,itmostcertainlycan.Athislatestrestaurant,asmalldiningroomatthebaseofBangkok’slandmarkKingPowerMahanakhonTower,hedrawsinspirationfromKingChulalongkorn’s1897journeyaroundEuropeandtheforeigningredientsandcookingtechniquesheaddedtotheroyalcookbooks.21.WhatdoweknowaboutLeDoyenné?A.Itfeaturesseafood. B.Itservesfamousmushroomsoup.C.Itsvegetablesaregrownbythemselves. D.Itsdishesareinspiredbyforeignrecipes.22.WhoaremorelikelytovisitMipaChava?A.Peoplewhoenjoynightviews.B.Peoplewhoprefervegetablestomeat.C.Peoplewhofavorasweetandwarmatmosphere.D.Peoplewhowanttogetafreshstartfromdrunkenness.23.Inwhichsectionofanewspapercanyoufindthistext?A.Education. B.Travel. C.Sports. D.Food.【答案】21.C22.D23.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了世界上的几个餐厅的情况。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据LeDoyenné部分中“Morethanonehundredvarietiesoffruits,vegetables,andherbsmaketheirwayintoHenry’scookingafterbeingcarefullynurtured(培育)byKelly.(经过凯利的精心培育，一百多种水果、蔬菜和草药进入了亨利的烹饪)”可知，LeDoyenné的蔬菜是自己种的。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“SeafoodisahangovercureinMexico,andalmosteveryoneeatinghereisdevotedtofixinglastnight’sdamagefromdrunkennessandgettingaheadstartoncreatingtoday’s.(在墨西哥，海鲜是解宿醉的良药，几乎每个在这里吃饭的人都致力于修复昨晚醉酒造成的损害，并为今天的创造做准备)”可知，想从醉酒中重新开始的人有可能访问MipaChava。故选D。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据标题“HotList:TheBestNewRestaurantsintheWorld(热门榜单：世界上最好的新餐厅)”以及文章主要介绍了世界上新开的几个餐厅，因此有可能出自报纸的Food版块。故选D。BThelocalgovernmentofZibo,EastChina’sShandongProvince,hasissuedtwoopenlettersinashorttimetoallcitizens,extendingitsgratitudefortheirwarmthandhospitalitytowardvisitorswhohaveetoenjoythecity’ssignaturebarbecue,whichhasrecentlybeeahitacrossthecountry.Suchanunexpectedsuccesshasshownthecity’sspiritofunityandtenacity(坚毅),furtherboostingitstourismandeconomicdevelopment.Foralongtime,ZibowasanaveragecityinalmostallaspectsontheChinesescale.However,sinceearlyMarch,Zibolocalbarbecuehascausedasensation(轰动)online.Thelittledoublelayerstove,smallpancakes,greenonionsandsaucebecameiconsamongnetizen.“TakingthehighspeedtraintotastebarbecueinZibo”miraculouslybecameatrendinghashtag(话题标签)forthisnontraditionaltouristcity.ButhowdidZiborisetofame?Thishasnotbeensomerandomcoincidence.First,itesdowntothecitygovernment’sambition,determinationandcreativity.FromJuly2022toFebruary2023,Ziboorganizedmanytripstothecityforuniversitystudents.Despitereachingpeakvisitationnumbers,therewasnosenseofpanic.Instead,severalsupportivepolicieswerepromptlyintroduced,suchasestablishinga“GoldenStoveAward”,formingabarbecueassociation,creatingamapofZibobarbecuerestaurants,andlaunching21dedicatedtouristroutesthatgobeyondjustbarbecue.Italsoorganizedvolunteerstoguidetouristsandappointedpersonneltoensurepublicsafety.Second,Zibo’ssuddenboominpopularityalsoresultedfromthepostpandemictourismrevivalChinahasexperienced.Thecityaimstorecoveritstourismindustryandensuresustainablegrowth.Toachievethisgoal,ithascreatedawelingenvironmentwithconvenientservicesforyoungpeople,particularlyuniversitystudents.Forinstance,nonlocalstudentscanenjoythreefreestaysperyearatyouthinns,eachlastingtwonights.ThecityhasalsoinvitedstudentsfromdistinguisheduniversitiestovisitZiboforfree,signalingitseagernesstoattracttalentedyoungindividuals.24.Whatisthepurposeofthetwoopenletters?A.Toexpressthecity’sgratitudetoitscitizens.B.Tointroducethecity’simpressivesightstotourists.C.Tospeciallypromotethecity’ssignaturebarbecue.D.Toboostthecity’stourismandeconomicdevelopment.25.WhatmainlycontributestoZibo’srisetofame?A.Thecity’sperfectlocationontheChinesescale.B.Thecity’sreputationasatraditionaltouristcity.C.Thegovernment’sambition,determinationandcreativity.D.People’sdesireforatasteofbarbecueafterthepandemic.26.WhydoesthecityinvitestudentsfromfamousuniversitiestoZibo?A.Toofferparttimejobsforthosestudents.B.Toencourageyoungpeopletobevolunteers.C.Toprovidestudentswithchancestogetpracticalknowledge.D.Toattracttalentedyoungpeopletoworkthereaftergraduation.27.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthissensation?A.Unconcerned.B.Supportive.C.Doubtful.D.Opposed.【答案】24.A25.C26.D27.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了山东淄博烧烤背后的“流量密码”。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“ThelocalgovernmentofZibo,EastChina’sShandongProvince,hasissuedtwoopenlettersinashorttimetoallcitizens,extendingitsgratitudefortheirwarmthandhospitalitytowardvisitorswhohaveetoenjoythecity’ssignaturebarbecue,whichhasrecentlybeeahitacrossthecountry.(中国东部山东省淄博市当地政府在短时间内向所有市民发出了两封公开信，对前来享受该市标志性烧烤的游客的热情好客表示感谢，这一烧烤最近在全国范围内受到欢迎)”可知，这两封公开信的目的是表达城市对市民的感激之情。故选A项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“First,itesdowntothecitygovernment’sambition,determinationandcreativity.(首先，这取决于市政府的雄心、决心和创造力)”可知，淄博成名的主要原因是政府的雄心、决心和创造力。故选C项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ThecityhasalsoinvitedstudentsfromdistinguisheduniversitiestovisitZiboforfree,signalingitseagernesstoattracttalentedyoungindividuals.(淄博还邀请著名大学的学生免费参观淄博，这表明该市渴望吸引有才华的年轻人)”可知，淄博邀请名牌大学的学生来淄博是为了吸引有才华的年轻人毕业后到那里工作。故选D项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Suchanunexpectedsuccesshasshownthecity’sspiritofunityandtenacity(坚毅),furtherboostingitstourismandeconomicdevelopment.(这一意想不到的成功显示了这座城市团结和坚韧的精神，进一步促进了它的旅游业和经济发展)”以及纵观全文可知，作者对于这一现象是持赞同的态度的。故选B项。CAccordingtoanewUSDA(theU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture)report,U.S.forestscouldworsenglobalwarmingbecausetheyarebeingdestroyedbynaturaldisastersandarelosingtheirabilitytoabsorbplanetwarminggasesastheygetolder.Thereportpredictsthattheabilityofforeststoabsorbcarbonwillstartdecliningafter2025andthatforestscouldreleaseupto100millionmetrictonsofcarbonayearastheiremissionsfromdecaying(腐烂)treesgoabovetheircarbonabsorption.Forestscouldbeea“substantialcarbonsource”by2070,theUSDAreportsays.Thelossofcarbonabsorptionisdriveninpartbynaturaldisasterssuchaswildfires,tornadoesandhurricanes,whichareincreasinginfrequencyandstrengthasglobaltemperaturesrise.Thedisastersdestroyforestland,destroyingitsecosystemanddecreasingitsabilitytoabsorbcarbon,accordingtoLynnRiley,aseniormanagerofclimatescienceattheAmericanForestFoundation.Agingforestsalsocontribute.Thereportfoundthatolder,maturetreesabsorblesscarbonthanyoungertreesofthesamespecies,andU.S.forestsarerapidlyaging.Thistrendislikelytocontinue,asforestseunderincreasingthreatfromclimatechangeandexploitation(开采).Thetypicaltropicalforestmaybeeacarbonsourcebythe2060s,accordingtoSimonLewis,professorintheschoolofgeographyatLeedsUniversity.“Humanshavebeenluckysofar,astropicalforestsarecleaninguplotsofourpollution,buttheycan’tkeepdoingthatindefinitely,”hesaid.“Weneedtocutdownfossilfuelemissionsbeforetheglobalcarboncyclestartsworkingagainstus.”U.S.forestscurrentlyabsorb11percentofU.S.carbonemissions,or150millionmetrictonsofcarbonayear,equaltothebinedemissionsfrom40coalpowerplants,accordingtothereport.ThelossofforestsasnaturalcarbonabsorberswillrequiretheU.S.tocutemissionsmorerapidlytoreachnetzero.“Asweworktodecarbonize(碳减排),forestsareoneofthegreatesttools.Ifweweretolosethattool,itmeanswewillcontributethatmuchmoreinemissions,”Rileysaid.28.Whatisthemainfindingofthereport?A.Forestsaresufferingfromdecayingtrees.B.Forestscouldcontributetoglobalwarming.C.Forestsarebeingdestroyedbynaturaldisasters.D.Forestshavebeesubstantialcarbonabsorbers.29.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Thekeyroleofforestsintheecosystem.B.Theconsequencesoffrequentnaturaldisasters.C.Theimpactofrisingglobaltemperaturesonforests.D.Thereasonsforforests’decliningabilitytoabsorbcarbon.30.WhatisSimonLewis’suggestiononaddressingtheproblem?A.Reducingfossilfuelemissions.B.Cleaningupdecayingtreesintime.C.Plantingtreesonalargescale.D.Limitingtheexploitationofforests.31.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?A.Tooffersuggestionsonforestmanagement.B.Tostressthesignificanceofforestprotection.C.Topresenttheeffortsmadetoreachnetzero.D.Toshowthecarbonemissionsfromcoalpowerplants.【答案】28.B29.D30.A31.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了美国农业部的一份新报告称森林在未来可能会加剧全球变暖，而非缓解全球变暖，到2070年，森林甚至可能会成为主要的碳排放者。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一句话“AccordingtoanewUSDA(theU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture)report,U.S.forestscouldworsenglobalwarmingbecausetheyarebeingdestroyedbynaturaldisastersandarelosingtheirabilitytoabsorbplanetwarminggasesastheygetolder.(根据美国农业部（USDA）的一份新报告森林可能会加剧全球变暖，因为它们正在受到自然灾害的破坏，并且随着年龄的增长，它们正在失去吸收导致地球变暖气体的能力)”可知，该报告的主要发现是森林可能导致全球变暖。故选B。【29题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段内容，结合“Thelossofcarbonabsorptionisdriveninpartbynaturaldisasterssuchaswildfires,tornadoesandhurricanes,whichareincreasinginfrequencyandstrengthasglobaltemperaturesrise.(碳吸收的减少部分是由野火、龙卷风和飓风等自然灾害造成的，随着全球气温上升，这些自然灾害的频率和强度都在增加)”以及“Agingforestsalsocontribute.(森林老化也是原因之一)”可知，本段主要列举了几个导致森林吸收碳能力减少的原因，如自然灾害、森林老化等。故选D。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句话“Weneedtocutdownfossilfuelemissionsbeforetheglobalcarboncyclestartsworkingagainstus.(我们需要在全球碳循环开始对我们不利之前减少化石燃料的排放)”可知，SimonLewis建议减少化石燃料排放。故选A。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“U.S.forestscurrentlyabsorb11percentofU.S.carbonemissions,or150millionmetrictonsofcarbonayear,equaltothebinedemissionsfrom40coalpowerplants,accordingtothereport.ThelossofforestsasnaturalcarbonabsorberswillrequiretheU.S.tocutemissionsmorerapidlytoreachnetzero.‘Asweworktodecarbonize(碳减排),forestsareoneofthegreatesttools.Ifweweretolosethattool,itmeanswewillcontributethatmuchmoreinemissions,’Rileysaid.(根据该港口的数据，美国森林目前吸收了美国11%的碳排放量，即每年1.5亿吨碳，相当于40座燃煤电厂的总排放量。作为天然碳吸收器的森林的消失将要求美国更快地减少排放，以达到净零排放。‘在我们努力脱碳的过程中，森林是最伟大的工具之一。如果我们失去了这个工具，这意味着我们将在排放方面做出更大的贡献，’Riley说)”可知，森林在吸收碳方面起着重要作用，如果森林消失，意味着对排放量有非常高的要求，故本段主要是在分析森林保护的重要性。故选B。DAlotofmanufacturedglasstodaymadefromsandandsodiumcarbonate(碳酸钠)canbereusedormelteddownandrecycledintonewitems,butitdoesn’tbreakdownintheenvironmentandwillsitinlandfillsforthousandsofyears.AteamofChinesescientistsaimedtodealwiththisenvironmentalconcernbydevelopinganEcoconsciousalternative.InastudypublishedrecentlyinthejournalScienceAdvances,ateamattheChineseAcademyofSciences’InstituteofProcessEngineeringdescribehowtheyengineeredbiodegradable(可生物降解的)glassmadefromaminoacids(氨基酸).Thatglasswouldhaveasmallerimpactontheenvironmentandcanbreakdowninafewweeksorinseveralmonths.Inatest,glassbeads(玻璃珠)madeoutofaminoacidswereplacedundertheskinofmice,andthebreakdownofthebeadsandtheskinhealingprocesswereobservedfor30days.Adiagramfromthestudyshowedhowthemice’sbodiesbrokedownthebeads.Inthatmonth,theglassimplantdegradedbeneaththeskin,thewoundsiterecovered,andfurgrewback.“Throughouttheexperimentalperiod,nomiceexhibitedanypainrelatedbehaviorthatmayhavebeencausedbytheglassimplantation,andnoneofthemexperiencedobviousweightloss,”theresearcherswroteintheirpaper.Althoughaminoacidsdodegradeovertimeintheenvironment,thisbiodegradableglassisnotesdurableastraditionalglass,becauseaminoacidscanbreakdownquicklyinhightemperature.Inordertooverethishurdle,theresearcherschemicallyimprovedtheaminoacidsusingtheheatingcoolingprocedureappliedinglassmanufacturing.Thisiswhenmaterialsfortheglassareheatedtobeesoftandthenrapidlycooledsoastomaketheglasstougher.“It’simportanttopointoutthatthisbiodegradableglassiscurrentlyinthelabstage,andfarfromlargescalemercialization,”emphasizedYanXuehai,aprofessorinvolvedinthestudy,inapressrelease.32.Whatisanadvantageofthenewglass?A.Ittakeslesstimetobreakdown.B.Itcanberecycledatalowercost.C.Ithasawiderrangeofapplications.D.Itcanbeproducedonalargerscale.33.Whydidresearchersimplantglassbeadsinsidemice?A.Toinvestigatewhyaminoacidsaremedicallyuseful.B.Toassesswhethertheglassisbiologicallyharmless.C.Toexplorehowlongittakesfortheglasstodegrade.D.Toobserveiftheglasscanbemeltdowninmice’sstomach.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hurdle”inparagraph4referto?A.Thedifficultyofselectingmaterialsfortheglass.B.Thechallengeofimprovingglassmanufacturing.C.Theinstabilityofaminoacidsinhightemperature.D.Theenvironmentalproblemscausedbyaminoacids.35.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.BiodegradableGlass:ClosertoSustainabilityB.BiodegradableGlass:ReadytoHittheMarketC.AminoAcidsLowerCostsofGlassManufacturingD.AminoAcidsCastNewLightonGlassApplication【答案】32.A33.B34.C35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国科学院的专家团队利用氨基酸研制出了一种可降解的环保玻璃。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据文章的第一句“Alotofmanufacturedglasstodaymadefromsandandsodiumcarbonate(碳酸钠)canbereusedormelteddownandrecycledintonewitems,butitdoesn’tbreakdownintheenvironmentandwillsitinlandfillsforthousandsofyears.(今天，许多由沙子和碳酸钠制成的人造玻璃可以重复使用或熔化并回收制成新物品，但它不会在环境中分解，将在垃圾填埋场中放置数千年)”和第二段最后一句话“Thatglasswouldhaveasmallerimpactontheenvironmentandcanbreakdowninafewweeksorinseveralmonths.(这种玻璃对环境的影响较小，可以在几周或几个月内分解)”可知，新型玻璃的优点是可以更短的时间内分解，故选A。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“Throughouttheexperimentalperiod,nomiceexhibitedanypainrelatedbehaviorthatmayhavebeencausedbytheglassimplantation,andnoneofthemexperiencedobviousweightloss(在整个实验期间，没有老鼠表现出可能由玻璃植入引起的任何与疼痛相关的行为，也没有老鼠出现明显的体重减轻)”可知，科学家把氨基酸做成的玻璃珠植入小白鼠皮下是为了观察在玻璃珠溶解的过程中，小白鼠是否会呈现出痛苦的动作或者体重减少等症状。故选B。【34题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段，尤其是该词的前一句话“Althoughaminoacidsdodegradeovertimeintheenvironment,thisbiodegradableglassisnotesdurableastraditionalglass,becauseaminoacidscanbreakdownquicklyinhightemperature.(虽然氨基酸在环境中会随着时间的推移而降解，但这种可生物降解玻璃比传统玻璃更耐用，因为氨基酸在高温下会迅速分解)”可知，这种氨基酸玻璃确实可以随着时间的推移降解在环境中，但是它却不如传统的玻璃那样经久耐用，因为氨基酸在高温条件下很容易快速降解。所以下文中的“hurdle”指的是可降解玻璃的这种不耐久性。故选C。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章内容，结合第二段中“InastudypublishedrecentlyinthejournalScienceAdvances,ateamattheChineseAcademyofSciences’InstituteofProcessEngineeringdescribehowtheyengineeredbiodegradable(可生物降解的)glassmadefromaminoacids(氨基酸).(在最近发表在《科学进展》杂志上的一项研究中，中国科学院过程工程研究所的一个研究小组描述了他们是如何设计出由氨基酸制成的可生物降解玻璃的)”可知，文章主要讲述中国科学院的专家团队利用氨基酸研制出了一种可降解的环保玻璃，因此A项“可生物降解玻璃：更接近可持续性”适合作为文章标题。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thinkofthelasttimeyoudisagreedwithanotherperson.Maybeyouarguedwithasibling(兄弟姐妹)overwhattowatchonTV.___36___Howdidyourdisagreementend?Wereyouabletoseetheissuefromtheotherperson’sviewpoint?___37___Theyarepartoflife.Afterall,everyonehasdifferentopinions.Weallhavepastexperiencesthatshapehowweseetheworld.Still,notalldisagreementsarebad.Infact,manypeoplelookonthemasopportunitiestolearn.Theydosobytryingtounderstandwherebothsidesareingfrom.Howcanyouunderstandbothsidesofanissue?Oftenitisbesttostartbyaskingquestions.___38___Therightquestionscanalsohelpuslearnaboutotherpeople.Inadisagreement,askingformoreinformationcanhelpyoulearnaboutaperson’sviewpoint.Itcanalsoleadyoutogetmorefacts.Thiscanpaintabetterpictureoftheentireissue.Whenseekingtounderstandbothsidesoftheissue,it’simportanttoknowthedifferencebetweenfactsandopinions.Remember,factsarebasedontrueinformation.Opinionscanchangefrompersontoperson.Payingattentiontofactscanstopbiases(偏见)fromtakingoverinadisagreement.___39___Disagreementsmaybeunfortableatfirst.___40___Thenexttimeyoudisagreewithanotherperson,tryaskingquestionsabouttheirviewpoint.Youneverknowwhatyoumightlearn.A.Inmanysituations,disagreementsareunavoidable.B.Questionshelpuslearnabouttheworldaroundus.C.Thiscanhelpeveryoneinvolvedseebothsidesoftheissue.D.Afterall,don’tmostpeoplejustwanttoprovethattheirsideisright?E.Maybeyou’rewonderingwhyit’simportanttounderstandbothsidesofanissue.F.Orperhapsyoutriedtoconvincegrownupsthaticecreammakesabetterdinnerthanvegetables.G.However,whenbothsidestrulytrytounderstandeachother,theyoftenfindtheyhavemoreinmonthantheythought.【答案】36.F37.A38.B39.C40.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了生活中的分歧是不可避免的，要学会理解对方，站在对方的角度考虑问题才能解决分歧。【36题详解】根据上句“Maybeyouarguedwithasibling(兄弟姐妹)overwhattowatchonTV.(也许你和你的兄弟姐妹争论看什么电视)”可知，下句也是列举你跟别人发生分歧的情景，因此F项“或者，也许你试图说服成年人，冰淇淋是比蔬菜更好的晚餐”符合语境。故选F。【37题详解】根据本段内容及下句“Theyarepartoflife.(它们是生活的一部分)”可知，分歧是生活的一部分，说明生活中不