Geoffrey-Chaucer乔叟-自制完整

PeoplecandieofmereimaginationQuotes:

LoveisblindTimeandtidewaitfornomanWeknowlittleofthethingsforwhichweprayGeoffreyChaucerGeoffreyChaucer

GeoffreyChaucerHeroiccoupletBiographyWorksInfluencesHeroicCoupletHeroicCouplet英雄双韵体referstolinesofiambicpentameter

抑扬格五音步whichrhymeinpairs:aa,bb,cc,andsoon.Theadjective“heroic”wasappliedinthelaterseventeenthcenturybecauseofthefrequentuseofsuchcoupletsinheroicpoemsanddramas.Thisverse一节歌词formwasintroducedintoEnglishpoetrybyGeoffreyChaucer.FromtheageofJohnDrydenthroughthatofSamuelJohnson,theheroiccoupletwasthepredominant占优势的、占主导地位的Englishmeasureforallthepoetickinds;somepoets,includingAlexanderPope,useditalmosttotheexclusionofothermeters.TheheroiccoupletAcouplet对句;双韵

ofrhymingiambicpentameters抑扬五音步

oftenformingadistinct独特的rhetorical修辞学的aswellasmetrical韵律的unit.Acoupletistwoconsecutive(连续不断的)linesofpoetrythatrhyme.Iambicpentameters--anunstressedsyllablefollowedbyastressedone.Iambic[诗]短长格,抑扬格,抑扬格诗Pentameters五音步诗行;五音步之诗Solong/asmen/canbreathe/oreyes/cansee/,Solong/livesthis/andthis/giveslife/tothee.Sonnet18UnstressedstressedUnstressedstressedUnstressedstressedUnstressedstressedUnstressedstressedBiography

HewasborninLondonbetween1340and1344,thesonofJohnChaucer,avintner(酒商).1357apage(学习骑士)inthehouseholdofPrinceLionellaterduke(公爵)ofClarenceIn1359-60hewaswiththearmyofEdwardIIIinFrance,wherehewascapturedbytheFrenchbutransomed〔被赎出〕.〔1343?-1400〕page:AboywhoservedaknightduringtheMiddleAgesaspartofhistrainingtobecomeaknighthimself.By1366hehadmarriedPhilippaRoet,whowasprobablythesisterofJohnofGaunt'sthirdwife;shewasalady-in-waitingtoEdwardIII'squeen.Duringtheyears1370to1378,Chaucerwasfrequentlyemployedondiplomatic(外交的)missions(使命)totheContinent,visitingItalyin1372-73andin1378.AwomanwholooksafterandservesaqueenorprincessFrom1374onheheldanumberofofficialpositions,amongthemcomptroller(审计官)ofcustoms(海关)onfurs,skins,andhides(兽皮)fortheportofLondon(1374-86)andclerkoftheking'sworks(1389-91).TheofficialdateofChaucer‘sdeathisOct.25,1400.HewasthefirsttobeburiedintheWestminsterAbbey斯敏斯特(西敏寺)大教堂.thePoet’sCorner(诗人角)Works

Chaucer'sliteraryactivityisoftendividedintothreeperiods.EarlyWorks(to1370)ItalianPeriod(upto1387)Chaucer'sfinalperiod(writtenmostlyafter1387)EarlyWorks(to1370)GeoffreyChaucer’sfirstperiodincludeshisearlywork(to1370),whichisbasedlargelyonFrenchmodels,especiallytheRomandelaRose(玫瑰传奇)andthepoemsofGuillaumedeMachaut.Chaucer‘schiefworksduringthistimearetheBookoftheDuchess〔公爵夫人之书〕,anallegorical〔寓言的〕lament〔悼词、挽歌〕writtenin1369onthedeathofBlanche,wifeofJohnofGaunt,andapartialtranslationoftheRomandelaRose.ItalianPeriod(upto1387)Italybroughthimwiththenewtendency趋向，趋势

oftheRenaissance文艺复兴inItalianliterature.duringthistimehisworksweremodeledprimarilyonDante(但丁)andBoccaccio(薄伽丘)ItalianPeriod(upto1387)MajorworksofthesecondperiodincludeTheHouseofFame,recounting表达theadventuresofAeneasafterthefallofTroy;TheParliamentofFowls(百鸟会议),whichtellsofthematingoffowlsonSt.Valentine‘sDayandisthoughttocelebratethebetrothal订婚ofRichardIItoAnneofBohemia;andaprose散文translationofBoethius’Deconsolatione抚慰philosophiae哲学.AlsoamongtheworksofthisperiodaretheunfinishedLegendofGoodWomen(好女人的故事),apoemtellingofnineclassicalheroines女主角,whichintroducedtheheroiccouplet(tworhyminglinesofiambicpentameter)intoEnglishverse;theprosefragmentTheTreatiseontheAstrolabe,writtenforhissonLewis;andTroilusandCriseyde,oneofthegreatlovepoemsintheEnglishlanguage.InTroilusandCriseyde,Chaucerperfectedtheseven-linestanza(诗的)节、段latercalledrhymeroyal君主诗体.ababbcciambicpentameters抑扬五音步rhymeTheCanterburyTales

(《坎特伯雷故事集》)1386--1400:Chaucer'sfinalperiod(writtenmostlyafter1387)contains24storiesThisunfinishedpoem,about17,000lines,isoneofthemostbrilliantworksinallliterature.ThepoemintroducesagroupofpilgrimsjourneyingfromLondontotheshrineofSt.ThomasàBecketatCanterbury.Tohelppassthetimetheydecidetotellstories.Together,thepilgrimsrepresentawidecrosssectionof14th-centuryEnglishlife.TheCanterburyTalesThepilgrims'talesincludeavarietyofmedievalgenresfromthehumorousfabliautotheserioushomily,andtheyvividlyindicatemedievalattitudesandcustomsinsuchareasaslove,marriage,andreligion.ThroughChaucer'ssuperbpowersofcharacterizationthepilgrims-suchastheearthywifeofBath,thegentleknightintenselyalive.TheCanterburyTalesChaucerwasamasterstorytellerandcraftsman,butbecauseofachangeinthelanguageafter1400,hismetricaltechniquewasnotfullyappreciateduntilthe18thcent.OnlyinScotlandinthe15thand16thcent.didhisimitatorsunderstandhisversification.InfluencesLinguistic语言学的Chaucerisknownfor

metricalinnovation创新,inventingtherhymeroyal

andhewasoneofthefirstEnglishpoetstousethefive-stressline,inhiswork,ThepoetryofChaucer,alongwithotherwritersoftheera时代,iscreditedwithhelpingto

standardizetheLondonDialect

oftheMiddleEnglishlanguagefromacombinationoftheKentishandMidlandsdialects.

ChaucerisalsorecordedintheOxfordEnglis