2023北京四中高三保温卷英语（教师版）

2023北京四中高三保温卷英语（试卷满分为100分，考试时间为90分钟）第一部分：知识运用（共两节，共30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。JakeandMaxKleinaretwinbrotherswhohaveapassionforvolunteering.Theirfamilyhavealwaysdonecommunity1.Ataveryyoungage,theybothchoseto2family’sgiftsattheirbirthdayparties,butaskedthemtodonatemoneytoacharity.Whentheywereseven,JakeandMaxwereinterestedinvolunteeringwithafamilyfriendatthelocalhomelesssheltertohelpcook.3,heturnedthemdownbecausetheyweretooyoungandtheyhadtobefourteentocook.Thisledthemonanendless4tocomeupwithawaytohelpotherkidswhowerealsofacingasimilarchallenge:wantingtohelpbut5becauseoftheirage.So,KidsThatDoGoodwas6toshowwaystokidsoradults,atanyage,theycouldjointhecommunityandmakea7.Thesmallprojecthasgrownintoalargewebsitethatbringsthousandsof8visitorseachyear.JakeandMaxsaythattheirwebsitebrings35,000uniqueviewers,ofwhom,KidsThatDoGoodhas9kidsto16,000organizations.JakeandMaxare10withschoolandafter-classactivitiesandothercommunityservicepromises.KidsThatDoGoodalsohasblogpoststhatadvisekidsonbuildingtheirowncharitableevent.1.A.surveys B.services C.duties D.businesses2.A.sortout B.playwith C.giveup D.putaway3.A.Unfortunately B.Happily C.Honestly D.Gratefully4.A.task B.ability C.chance D.determination5.A.joked B.blamed C.denied D.praised6.A.advised B.allowed C.named D.created7.A.judgment B.difference C.comment D.decision8.A.pleased B.satisfied C.amazed D.interested9.A.connected B.exposed C.contributed D.applied10.A.familiar B.patient C.busy D.content第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。ATheprotectionoftheYellowRiverisoneofthetopconcernsforChineseleadership.Inthepasttwodecades,theChinesegovernment11(strengthen)theprotectionofwetlandsalongtheYellowRiver,12(make)variouswildbirdsgatherinthisarea.Therisingnumberofwildbirdshasbroughtabenefitforbirdwatchers,whoareverythankfulfor13thegovernmenthasdoneforthepeople.FurthereffortswillbemadetobringmorebeautifulenvironmenttotheYellowRiver.BOneeveningIwasgoingbackfromasupermarket.AsIapproachedmycar,Inoticedoneperson14seemedabum(流浪汉)standingbesideme.Iexpectedthathewouldaskme15somemoney,soIaskedhimifheneededhelpandhisresponsewas“Don’tweall?”Ihaveneverheardwords16(astonishing)thanthose.AlthoughIhadmoneyandaplace17(sleep)in,IrecognizedthatIneededhelptoo.Itwasatruediscoverytome.CChinaplanstocompletetheconstructionofaspacestationandhaveitputintooperationaround2022,saidZhouJianping,thechiefdesignerofChina’smannedspaceprogram,ataforum(论坛)18(hold)inGuangdongProvince.Thespacestationwasdesignedtoweigh100tonnesandaccommodatethreeastronauts.Themaingoaloftheconstructionofthespacestation19(be)toenableChinatocarryoutlong-termmannedscientific20(experiment)innear-Earthspace.ThespacestationwillbebuiltasChina’smainplatformforspacescienceresearch.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节；共38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）AGetinvolvedwithourresearchSomeofourresearchprojectsrelyonthegenerosityofpeoplelikeyou.Whetherit’susingyourhomePC,takingpartinaclinicaltrial,orsimplyvolunteeringyourtimeforastudy,youmaybeabletocontributetosomeoftheground-breakingprojectswhichmaketheUniversityofOxfordaworldleaderinresearch.Watchthisspaceforwaysinwhichyoucouldgetinvolved.SeekingpoorsleepersforinsomniaresearchTroublesleeping?ResearchersfromtheSleep&CircadianNeuroscienceInstituteareevaluatingdifferentinterventionsaimedatimprovingsleep.Wearelookingforpoorsleepersbetweentheagesof18and65.ParticipationwillinvolvespendingovernightsinthesleeplaboratoryatOxford,monitoringyoursleep/wakecycle,andcompletingcomputerisedtasks.Ifyouareinterested,pleasecontacttheresearchteamatinsomnia@ndcn.ox.ac.ukVolunteerswithlazyeyewantedWearelookingforvolunteerswithahistoryoflazyeyetotakepartinourbrainscanningstudy.Wearelookingforhealthyvolunteersaged18-45withahistoryoflazyeye.YouwillalsobeaskedquestionsaboutyourmedicalhistorytocheckyoursuitabilityforanMRIscan.Call01865223622formoreinformation.OxfordVaccineGroupTheOxfordVaccineGroupisanindependentmulti-disciplinary(多学科的)clinicaltrialsgroup.OVGworkstowardsthegoalofdevelopingnewandimprovedvaccinesforthepreventionofinfectioninadultsandchildren,enhancingtheunderstandingofimmunityandstudyingtheepidemiologyofinfectiousdiseases.Togetmoreinformation,pleaseseetheOVGwebsite.OxfordExperimentallabfortheSocialSciencesTheOxfordInternetInstitute,togetherwiththeBusinessSchool,isrecruitingindividualstoparticipateincomputer-basedexperimentsinvolvingonlinesurfingbehavioraswellaseconomicandpoliticaldecision-making.Wepayoursubjectswell,therearenospecialskillsrequiredandyoudon’thavetocometothelabinpersonContactusatsocialscience.study@ox.ac.ukformoreinformation.21.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tooffermedicalhelptopatients.B.Tolookforexperiencedresearchers.C.Tointroducenewresearchprograms.D.Torecruitvolunteersforresearchprojects.22.ThegoalofOVGisto________.A.carryoutclinicaltrialsB.producebettervaccinesC.learnmoreaboutinfectionD.studythecausesofdiseases23.YoucanfinishtheexperimentonyourhomePCifyoujoin________.A.OxfordVaccineGroupB.InsomniaresearchgroupC.OxfordExperimentallabD.BrainScanningstudygroupBMydaughterwasbeingthrownoutofthesixthgrade.Theteachersaid,“Shemaynotbeuptowhatwe’retryingtoaccomplish.”Hewasreallysayingshedidn’thavetheintelligence.IgotmadbecauseIknewshewassmart,justasmyfatherhadknownIwassmartwhenIwasfailinginschool.Wehadhertested.Idecidedtogetmyselftestedaswell,andfoundthatthetroublesshewashavingwereexactlywhatIhadhad—dyslexia.BythenIwasasuccessfultelevisionwriter,andhadwonanEmmyAwardfor“TheRockfordFiles.”IfIhadknownearlierthatsomethingbeyondmycontrolcouldexplainwhyIwasalowachiever,Imaynothaveworkedsohardinmylate20sandearly30s.Iwaswritingandwriting.Iwasworkingfornootherreasonthantohearpeoplepraiseme,becauseIdidbadlyinallmycourses.IonceaskedafriendwhohadalwaysgottenanA,“Howlongdidyoustudyforthis?”Hesaid,“Ididn’t.Ijustglancedatit.”Sohemustbesmarter.Ibegantoask,“WhatwillhappentomewhenI’mnotgoodatanything?”Despitemydoubts,Ididbecomesuccessful,andpeoplenowsaytome,“Soyou’veovercomedyslexia.”No.Youdon’tovercomeit,youlearntocompensateforit.Someeasythingsareveryhardforme.MostpeoplewhogothroughcollegereadtwiceasfastasIdo.IavoiddialingaphoneifIcan,becauseIsometimeshavetotrythreetimestogetthenumberright.DespitemyweaknessesIviewdyslexiaasagift,notacurse(诅咒).Manydyslexicsaregoodatright-brain,abstractthought,andthat’swhatmykindofcreativewritingis.AndIcanwritequickly,andcangetupto15pagesaday.Writingismystrength.TherealfearIhavefordyslexicchildrenisnottheyhavetostruggleinschool,butthattheywillquitonthemselvesbeforetheygetoutofschool.Parentshavetocreatevictoriesforthem,whetherit’smusic,sportsorart.Youcanmakeyourdyslexicchildabletosay,“Yeah,readingishard.ButIhaveotherthingsIcando.”24.Thewriterdecidedtogethimselftestedaswellbecausehe________.A.wantedtoknowiftheyhadthesameproblemB.didn’tbelievehisdaughterhadtheproblemC.hadtotakearegularmedicalexaminationD.acceptedthathisdaughterwasnotsmart25.Wecanlearnfromthesecondparagraphthatthewriter________.A.struggledandgotbettergradesB.didn’tworkhardwhenhewasyoungC.waspraisedforovercomingdyslexiaD.wasthankfulfornotknowingofdyslexiaearlier26.Accordingtothepassage,adyslexicperson________.A.islessintelligentB.alwaysfailsinschoolC.readsmoreslowlythannormalpeopleD.performsworseinleft-brainactivities27.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Clumsybirdshavetostartflyingearly.B.Godshutsonedoorbutopensanother.C.Neverjudgeapersonbyhisappearance.D.Noonecanmakeagoodcoatwithbadcloth.CResearcherssayanewelectricaldeviceplacedinthreeparalyzedpatientshashelpedthemwalkagain.Thelowerbodiesofthethreepatientswereleftparalyzedaftertheysufferedspinal(脊柱的)cordinjuries.Butadeviceimplantedinthespinalcordwasabletosendelectricalsignalstothemusclestopermitthemtostand,walkandexercise.Scientistshavediscoveredthatneurons—whichreceiveandsendsignalsformusclemovements—oftenstillworkininjuredpatientswithseriousspinalcordinjuries.However,pastresearchintospinalcordinjurieshascenteredonthestimulationofneurons.NowinthelatestexperimentledbyGregoireCourtineandJocelyneBlochoftheSwissFederalInstituteofTechnologyinLausanne,threeparalyzedmenwereimplantedanewelectricaldevicedesignedtocopyanactionofthebrain,inwhichitsendssignalstothespinalcordthatresultinmusclemovement.Whenthespinalcordreceivesthebrainsignals,itstimulatesacollectionofnervecellsthatcanactivatedifferentmuscles.Theresearchersreportedthatallthreepatientswhogotthespinalcordimplantswereabletotaketheirfirststepswithinanhourafterreceivingthem.Overthenextsixmonths,thepatientsregainedtheabilitytotakepartinmoreadvancedwalkingactivities,thestudyfound.Theywerealsoabletoridebicyclesandswimincommunitysettings.Unlikeotherattemptstohelpparalyzedpatientswalkbystimulatingnervesthroughthebackofthespine,Courtinesaidthathisteamredesignedthedevicessosignalswouldenterthespinefromthesides.Thismethodpermitsmoredirecttargetingandactivationofspinalcordareas,hesaid.Theteamthendevelopedartificialintelligence(AI)systemslinkedtothedevice.TheAIcontrolselectrodesonthedevicetosendsignalstostimulateindividualnervesthatcontrolmusclesneededforwalkingandotheractivities.However,becausethepatients’muscleswereweakfromnotbeingused,theyneededhelpwithsupportingtheirweight,theresearcherssaid.Italsotooksometimeforthemtolearntoworkwiththetechnology.Still,Blochsaid,“Themoretheytrain,themoretheystartliftingtheirmuscles,themorefluiditbecomes.”28.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2?A.CourtineandBlochhavefoundthatneuronsinparalyzedpatientsstillwork.B.Thenewelectricaldevicecanimitatethebraintosendsignalstothespinalcord.C.Threeparalyzedmenrecoveredwiththehelpofanewelectricaldevice.D.Stimulatingtheneuronsisthefocusofthelatestresearchintospinalcordinjuries.29.Howdoesthenewdevicestimulatethespinalcordareasmoredirectly?A.Bystimulatingnervesthroughthebackofthespine.B.ByusingtheAIsystem.C.Bymakingsignalsenterthespinefromthesides.D.Bysendingthesignalstothebrain.30.WhichcanbestdescribeBloch’sideainthelastparagraph?A.Everygardenhasitsweeds.B.Putthecart(运货马车)beforethehorse.C.It’shardtopleaseall.D.Practicemakesperfect.31.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Toreporttheconsequenceofspinalcordinjuries.B.Tointroducethefindingsofarecentresearch.C.Tocomparearecentresearchwithotherpreviousresearches.D.Torecommendatreatmentforparalyzedpatients.DTheterm“laborshortage”wasGoogledmoreinMay.Headlineafterheadlinehascitedwagerisesandbonusesthatseemtomakeitajobhunter’smarket.Theconceptsoundssimple—Americancompaniesmustbestrugglingtofindtheemployeestheyneed.Yetsomelaboreconomistswouldarguethepictureisn’tcomplete.Employersareunabletofindtheworkerstheywantatthewagesthey’rewillingtopay.Failingtoappreciatethisdistinctioncouldleadtopolicyerrorsdowntheroad.Thelawsofsupplyanddemandshouldmakespottinglaborshortagesrelativelystraightforward.Whentherearen’tenoughworkers,employerspaymoretogetthemandwagesgoup.Yetquickeningwagegrowthisn’ttheonlymarkofashortage.Thesignisseeingthistrendalongsidestalling(停滞)jobgrowth.Justlookatwhat’sbeenhappeningintheleisureandhotelindustry,amongthemostbruisedbytheCOVID-19shutdown.Afterjobsalmostdisappearedduringthepandemic,we’restartingtoseearebound:InMay,theindustrycreated292,000jobs,faroutpacingothercornersoftheeconomy.Meanwhile,averageweeklyearningshavebeenrisingfaster.Inotherwords,themarketisworkingtoresolveashortage:Whenemployersliftwages,they’reabletoattracttheemployeestheyneed.Yet,theindustrywagesareonlyjustmeetingpre-COVIDlevels;theyarenottoohigh.Toassessashortageaccurately,though,youneedtolookbeyondindustriestospecificlocationsandoccupations.Thetaxicabqueuingmodelwasusedtoaddressthedebateaboutashortageofworkersinengineering.Employersandjobopeningscanbethoughtofastaxis,whileworkersarealineofwaitingpassengers.Dependingonyourlocation,theremaybealonglineoftaxis(say,attheairport),oronthecontraryalonglineofpassengers(atahotel).DemandforchemistryengineersinTexas,forexample,isdifferentfromchemistryengineersinMassachusetts.Thebottomlineisthat,inthemarket,shortagesarenotuniversal.Simultaneousshortagesandsurplusescancometotheforceacrosstheeconomyatanygivenpoint,whichiswhybroad-brushpoliciescanbecounterproductive.32.WhatdoesMay’sreboundjobsintheleisureandhotelindustrytellus?A.Theleisureandhotelindustryisdoingaverysuccessfulbusiness.B.Rapidwagegrowthconnectswithstallingemploymentgrowth.C.TheeconomyrecoveredquicklyaftertheCOVID-19.D.EmployeesareeagertoworkaftertheCOVID-19.33.Whydoestheauthormention“Thetaxicabqueuingmodel”inparagraph5?A.Toexplainanopinion.B.Toclarifyaconcept.C.Topresentafact.D.Tomakeaprediction.34.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.JobmarketisexpectedtobestrongerB.TakewisdomtoassesslaborshortagesC.CompetitorsareeagertokeeptalentD.Letthemarketfixlaborshortages第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。My,whatabigbeakyouhave!Forhumans,adaptingtoclimatechangewillmostlybeamatteroftechnology.Moreairconditioning,better-designedhousesandbiggerflooddefensesmayhelptomaketheeffectsofawarmerworldlessharmful.35InapaperpublishedinTrends&Evolution,ateamledbySaraRyding,aPhDcandidateatDeakinUniversity,showsthatisalreadyhappening.Climatechangeisalreadyalteringthebodiesofmanyanimalspecies,givingthembiggerbeaks(喙),legsandears.InsomespeciesofAustralianparrot,forinstance,beaksizehasincreasedbybetween4%and10%since1871.Anotherstudy,thistimeinNorthAmericandark-eyedjuncos,anotherbird,foundthesamepattern.36Allthatisperfectlyconsistentwithevolutionarytheory.“Allen’srule”,namedforJoelAsaphAllen,whosuggesteditin1877,holdsthatwarm-bloodedanimalsinhotplacestendtohavelargerbodypartsthanthoseintemperate(温带的)regions.37Beingrichlyfilledwithbloodvessels,andnotcoveredbyfeathers,beaksmakeanidealplaceforbirdstogetridofheat.Fennecfoxes,meanwhile,whicharenativetotheSaharaDesert,havestrikinglylargeears,especiallycomparedwiththeirArcticcousins.Ms.Rydingisnotthefirstresearchertotakethatapproach.Butitishard,whendealingwithindividualspecies,toprovethatclimatechangewasthecauseofananatomical(解剖学的)changes.Allsortsofotherfactors,fromchangesinpreytotheevolvingreproductivepreferencesofmalesorfemales,mighthavebeendrivingthechanges.38Theteamcombineddatafromdifferentspeciesindifferentplaces.Sincetheyhavelittleincommonapartfromlivingonawarmingplanet,climatechangeisthemostreasonableexplanation.39Thatmaychangeaswarmingaccelerates.Sinceanyevolutionaryadaptationcomeswithtrade-offs(妥协),itisunclearhowfartheprocessmightgo.Biggerbeaksmightmakefeedingharder,forinstance.Largerwingsareheavier,andbiggerlegscostmoreenergytogrow.A.However,lookingatthebiggerpicturemakesthepatternclearer.B.Fornow,atleast,theincreaseissmall,nevermuchmorethan10%.C.Animalswillhavetorelyonchangingtheirbodiesortheirbehaviors.D.Itseemsthatthefutureworldisgoingtobehotterthanhumansareusedto.E.Therefore,thenegativeeffectsofawarmerworldarevisibleintheseanimals’bodies.F.Suchadaptationsboostananimal’ssurfacearearelativetoitsbody,helpingittoreleaseextraheat.G.Similartrendsareseeninmammals,withspeciesofmiceandbatsevolvingbiggerears,legsandwings.第三部分：书面表达（共三节，共32分）第一节阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。Judgementisaqualitythatishardtodefinebutimportanttopossess.SirAndrewLikiermanoftheLondonBusinessSchoolsuggeststhatjudgmentis“thecombinationofpersonalqualitieswithrelevantknowledgeandexperiencetoformopinionsandtakedecisions”.Andhearguesthat,thusdefined,judgmentinvolvesaprocess—takingininformation,decidingwhomandwhattotrust,summarizingone’spersonalknowledge,checkinganypriorbeliefsorfeelings,summarizingthechoicesavailableandthenmakingthedecision.Expertknowledgecanbeusefulinmakingjudgments.Buttheyarenotthesamething.“Academicshaveexpertknowledge,”SirAndrewobserves.“Theydon’tnecessarilyhavejudgment.”Peoplewithjudgmentknowwhentheyareoutoftheirdepthinmakingadecisionandtypicallythenseektheadviceofsomeonewhohastherightbackgroundandknowledge.“Whilegoodjudgmentisimportanttosuccess,”SirAndrewcautions,“successisnotasignalthattherehasbeengoodjudgment.”Thedegreeofjudgmentrequiredtendstoincreaseaspeopletakeonmoreresponsibility.Thosewithroutinetasksgenerallyhavelimitedscopeforjudgment.Linesupervisorshavesomediscretion(自行决定权).Forachiefexecutive,theproportionofdecisionsinvolvingjudgmentishigh.Decidingnottotakeactionisalsoajudgmentwithpotentiallyseriousconsequences(forexample,“Iwon’tgetvaccinated”or“Iwon’tpaymybills”).Theworldisfullofpeoplewhoselackofjudgmentbroughttheircareersorpersonallifecrashingdown.Manymadethecommonmistakeofassumingeverythingwasfine.Thoughartificialintelligencegetsusedformoreandmoreroutinetasksintheservicesector,exercisingjudgmentmaybeoneareawherehumansretainanedgeovermachines.Thisisfarfromcertain,however.Withenoughpractice,machinesmaybeabletorecognizetheseimplicitcuesandthusdisplaytheequivalentofgoodjudgment.Butthen,perhapshumanscanbetaught,too.Inthelongrun,oneofthetrickiestaspectsofhumanjudgmentmaybeknowingpreciselywhentoletmachinestakedecisionsandwhentoleaveittopeople.40.What’sSirAndrew’sdefinitionofjudgement?41.Whyaren’texpertknowledgeandmakingjudgmentsthesamething?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartofthefollowingstatementisfalse,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Althoughartificialintelligenceiswidelyusedforroutinetasks,itcanneverexercisejudgmentaswellashumans.43.Doyouagreethathumans“retainanedgeovermachines”intermsofmakingjudgements?Whyorwhynot?(Inabout40words)第二节应用文写作（20分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国朋友Jim询问你高考之后对大学生活和学习会有哪些准备。请你给他回邮件，内容包括：1.对大学生活和学习的准备；2.进行这些准备的理由。注意:1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

参考答案完形：1-5BCAAC6-10DBDAC语法：11.hasstrengthened12.making13.what14.who/that15.for16.moreastonishing17.tosleep18.held19.is20.experiments阅读：21-23DBC24-27ADCB28-31BCDB32-34BAD35-39CGFAB阅表：40.Hedefinesjudgmentasthecombinationofpersonalqualitieswithrelevantknowledgeandexperiencetoformopinionsandtakedecisions.或者：Thecombinationofpersonalqualitieswithrelevantknowledgeandexperiencetoformopinionsandtakedecisions.41.Becausesomepeoplemayhaveexpertknowledge,buttheydon’tnecessarilyhavejudgment.42.Althoughartificialintelligenceiswidelyusedforroutinetasks,itcanneverexercisejudgmentaswellashumans.Accordingtothepassage,withenoughpractice,machinesmaybeabletorecognizeimplicitcuesandthusdisplaytheequivalentofgoodjudgment.43.Yes.Foronething,humanspossesscommonsenseandintuition,whichallowsthemtomakejudgmentsbasedontheirpriorexperiencesandknowledgeoftheworld;foranother,humanspossessemotionalintelligence,whichallowsthemtorecognizeandunderstandemotionsinthemselvesandothers,allowingthemtomakebetterjudgements.(51words)作文：Possibleversions:DearJim,Iwouldverymuchliketosharemyholidayplanswithyou.Lastweek,youaskedabouthowIwaspreparingformyfuturecollegelife.Now,I’dliketotellyou.Asformyfuturelifeatuniversity,I’vedecidedtotakegardeningasmymajorandhopetobeadmittedtoChinaAgriculturalUniversity.BecauseI’mveryinterestedinplantingflowersandhavebeentaughtbymymotherhowtotakecareofthem,Iwanttolearnmoreinthefuture.Thisvacation,Iplantoreadsomebooksaboutbotanytoequipmyselfwithmoreknowledge.IwillalsoworkinBeijingBotanicalGardenasavolunteertolearnaboutlandscapearchitecture.Allofthesepreparationswilldefinitelyenrichmyhorticultureexperience,whichwillmakemycollegestudiesmuchmoreenjoyable.Iwonderwhatyouwilldothisholiday.Maybeyou’dliketoshareyourplanswithmeinthenextemail.（156words）Yours,LiHua往届学生高分作文(注意：当年写作没有词数上限)(1)It’ssuchapleasantsurprisetoreceiveyouremail!Ihappentohavebeenmakingplansformysummervacation,andwouldbehappytosharethemwithyou!TherearemanythingsthatIintendtodoinpreparationformycollegelife.Iwouldusethesummervacationtotakeupsomeofmyoldhobbiesanddevelopnewones,sothatIcancontinuetoexpandmyrangeoftalentsandinterestsincollege.Asformystudy,Iamgoingtodosomepreviewonmycollegemajor,incaseIgetoverwhelmedbytheabundantknowledgeofuniversitycourses.Iconsiderthesepreparationscrucialforasmoothtransitionintocollege.Theymakeiteasierformetostriveforexcellenceinabrandnewenvironment,equippingmewithnecessaryskillstoadapttoalifeofindependence,sothatIcanbringmyselftomyfullpotentialandcreatesomeofthebestmemoriesofmylifeoverthenextfouryears.Whatareyourplansforthisspecialsummer?I’dbeeagertohear!(180words)(2)Hownicetohavereceivedyourletter!SinceyouarecuriousabouthowIwillprepareformycollegestudyandschoollifeafterGaokao,I’mmorethandelightedtotalkaboutit.Firstly,it’smyfirstprioritytodevelopmylivingskills,forexample,managingmypersonalbelongings.Moreover,Iconsideritamusttofostermycommunicationskills.Asforacademicpreparations,I’mplanningtosearchforsomebackgroundinformationaboutmymajortoenhancemyunderstandingofit.Also,readingsomereferencebooksregardingmylaterstudyisalsoofgreatimportance.IfyouaskmewhyIwillmakepreparationsabove,Iwouldsaythatit’smainlyduetothedifferencebetweenhighschoolandcollege.Incollege,weareaccompaniednolongerbyparents.Therefore,weshouldattachgreatimportancetoskillsthatenableustoliveindependently.Besides,consideringthetaxingacademicburdenwemightfaceduringourstudyincollege,previouslearningturnsouttobeawisesolution.I’malsocuriousaboutyourpreparationforcollegelife.Hopetohearfromyousoon!(181words)完形填空1.此处考察名词。根据下文butaskedthemtodonatemoneytoacharity可知他们一家经常做社区服务。communityservice表示社区服务。2.此处考察动词短语。根据后文孩子们要求家人把钱捐给慈善机构可知他们放弃了自己的生日礼物。giveup表示放弃。3.此处考察副词。两个孩子七岁的时候想要当志愿者帮忙却因为年龄小而遭到拒绝，unfortunately表示“不幸的是”。4.此处考察名词。前文因为年纪小而被拒绝，这将他们引向了帮助其他面临类似挑战的孩子的无休止的任务。5.此处考察动词。根据上文提示，两个孩子因为年龄小被拒绝，其他孩子也面临相似的问题所以被拒绝，deny表示拒绝。6.此处考察动词。有了上文孩子们因年龄被志愿者项目拒绝，因此KidsThatDoGood被创造出来。create表示创造。7.此处考察名词。有了这个项目孩子们不分年龄都可以加入社区志愿者活动，有所作为。makeadifference表示有影响，起作用，扭转乾坤。8.此处考察形容词。这个小项目已经发展成为一个大型网站，每年吸引成千上万有兴趣的访问者。interested表示感兴趣的。9.此处考察动词。网站将孩子们和16000个组织联系起来了。connectto表示连接。10.此处考察形容词。Jake和Max忙于学校、课外活动和其他社区服务承诺。bebusywith短语表示忙于某事。语法填空11.此处考察时态。有典型的时间状语in/over/duringthepast/last+一段时间，谓语动词用现在完成时。12.此处考察非谓语动词。本句主谓是theChinesegovernmenthasstrengthened,逗号前后无连词，所以用非谓。making在此处相当于whichmakes。定语从句的主动可以换成非谓语动词的doing。13.此处介词for缺宾语，所以加上thething，然后定语从句补上that。thethingthat=what。或者我们可以翻成政府为人民所作的（事情）。的（事情）=what。14.此处考察定语从句。theperson是先行词，定语从句缺主语，指人所以用who或that。15.此处考察固定搭配，asksbforsth。16.此处考察形容词的比较级。有明确的线索than，然后又是多音节，所以用moreastonishing。17.此处考察非谓语动词，同时考察havesthtodo固定搭配haveaplacetosleepin类似于havearoomtolivein。翻译成用来用todo。18.此处考察非谓语动词。中心词是forum，根据本句的时态和意思可以判断已经举办完了。所以用过完表被动，表完成。19.此处考察谓语动词。主语是Themaingoal，谓语动词用单数，并且这里是强调客观事实，所以用一般现在时。20.此处考察名词的单复数。scientific是形容词，修饰名词，并且experiment是可数名词，所以要用experiments。阅读理解21.主旨大意题。文章第一段提到“Someofourresearchprojectsrelyonthegenerosityofpeoplelikeyou…youmaybeabletocontributetosomeoftheground-breakingprojectswhichmaketheUniversityofOxfordaworldleaderinresearch.Watchthisspaceforwaysinwhichyoucouldgetinvolved.”由此可推断文章旨在招募志愿者加入研究项目。D项符合文意，故选D项。22.细节理解题。OxfordVaccineGroup段落中提到“OVGworkstowardsthegoalof