2023北京清华附中高三三模英语（教师版）

2023北京清华附中高三三模英语第一节阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。1．（15分）WhenIwasinthirdgrade，myfamilymovedfromahouseinthecountrysidetoahouseintown.Myparentssoldthefirsthousebeforetheyboughtthesecond，sowewere（1）forthreemonths.Duringthattime，afamilyfriend（2）ustheirverysmallfishingcabin.Thecabinhadonebedroom，asmalllivingroom，a（3）kitchen，andaloungewheremybrotherandIsleptinabunkbed（双层床铺）.Itwasa（n）（4）timeformyparents.Allofourroutinesweredisrupting.ButIlovedit.Ilovedthebunkbed，whereIknewmybrotherwasrightaboveme，closeenoughformeto（5）andgrabifneedbe.Ilovedthattherewerenoother（6）anywherenearby，somybrotherhadtoplaywithme.IlovedthatasIwenttosleepatnight，thelightfromthelivingroomandthe（7）ofmyfatherwatchingTVwerejustafewfeetaway.Inthatperiodofdisruption，Ilovedtheclosenessthatwerelieduponoursmallcabin.Inournormallives，Iwouldn'thavedaredtoaskmybrothertoplaywithmeinsteadofhisfriends.Icouldn'thave（8）toshareabedroomwithhim.（9），myparentsfoundanewhouseandwemovedintoit.Itwasbiggerthanouroldhouseandmuchbiggerthanthecabin.ButImournedthelossofthecabinand，particularly，thelossofthe（10）.（1）A.houselessB.joblessC.helplessD.speechless（2）A.awardedB.showedC.returnedD.offered（3）A.spaciousB.narrowC.qualityD.unique（4）A.emergentB.happyC.stressfulD.relaxing（5）A.settledownB.reachupC.benddownD.showup（6）A.relativesB.playersC.classmatesD.neighbours（7）A.voiceB.memoryC.soundD.argument（8）A.requestedB.decidedC.refusedD.troubled（9）A.NaturallyB.EventuallyC.InitiallyD.Urgently（10）A.closenessB.brotherhoodC.friendshipD.transformation第二节阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题纸指定区域作答。2．（15分）ANotlongago，mydaughter'sshoes（1）（damage）withaknife.Sheburstintotears.Itookthemtotheshoemaker's.Themansaidhewouldaddmorescratchesonbothshoesasiftheopeningsweremadeonpurposeforaspecialstyle.Ididn'tfullyunderstandhim，butIdecidedtoleavetheshoes.TwodayslaterIdroppedbyfromwork（2）（collect）theshoes.Ifoundmorescratchesoneachshoe，butalltheopeningswerepatchedbyredleatherandthestitchesweretwisted.Theappearancelooked（3）（interesting）thanever.BTheAfricanpenguinisexpectedtogoextinctinthewildinjustoveradecade，givenitscurrentpopulationdecline.Themainreasonisalackoffoodcausedbydisturbancetooceanconditionsfromglobalheatingand（4）（compete）fromthecommercialfishingindustry.Accordingtoastudy，recentlyscientists（5）（identify）apossibleadditionalcause，onethatisanentirelynewthreatandthatfurther（6）（prevent）thepenguinsfromfindingfood：noisepollutionfrommarineshipsinabay.CCryingisanaturalresponsetoemotions.Regardlessof（7）causesthetearstoflow，thephysicalreactionisusuallythesamewithpuffycheeksandtighteyes（8）（lead）tostreamingtearsdownone'sface.Despiteitsstigma（污名），cryingcanbeanact（9）relievestensionandclearsfeelingsofnegativityandsadness.Cryingcancommunicateouremotionstoothersandfostergreaterunderstandingandcompassion.Ultimately，cryingisapowerfultoolweoughttousetofreeourselves（10）negativity.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共4小题；每小题6分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。3．（6分）Spendsixnightsworkingwithrangers（护林员）whilehelpingtopreserveYosemiteNationalPark!Yosemiteisoneoftheworld'smostbelovednationalparks.AsvolunteersinYosemiteValley，wehelprangersfixtrailsandrepairfragilenaturalresources.Nopreviousexperiencenecessary，ourleadersprovidethetrainingweneedtocompletetheworkathand.ActivitiesVolunteersshouldbecomfortablehikinguptotwomileseachday.Toassessyourfitness，youarerequiredtohikestairsfor2﹣3mileswithadaypackweighing10﹣15poundsatthefitnesstest.What'sIncludedAllmealsfromdinneronDay1throughbreakfastonDay7；campgroundreservations；grouptools；transportationfromcampgroundtoworksites；orientationandtraining；parkentrancefees.AccommodationsCamping，6nights（bringyourowntent）.YourAdventureItinerary（日程）Day1Meetfororientationandenjoyawelcomedinner.Anorientationmeetingwillbeconductedtoprovidevolunteerswithanoverviewofthescheduledworkprojectsaswellastraininginpropertooluseandsafety.Days2﹣5Workingwithparkrangers，assistintrailmaintenanceandrestoration.Duringthesethreedays，weplantoworkfrom9a.m.﹣4p.m.withanhourscheduledforlunch.WereturntoYellowPinesCampgroundeacheveningfordinnerandrelaxation.Day6ExploreYosemiteNationalParkonyourmuchdeservedrestday.ChallengeyourselfonahikeuptheMistTrail，relaxbytheMercedRiver，orreadabookinapeacefulmeadow—thisdayisallyours.Day7DepartYosemiteforhome.Volunteerswishingtostaylongermaymakereservationsatothercampgroundsorlodginginthepark.（1）IntheYosemiteVolunteerProject，volunteersaresupposedto.A.replacetherangersB.helptouristscarrydaypacksC.haverelevantworkingexperienceD.restoreeasilydamagednaturalresources（2）Whatisincludedinthevolunteerprogrampackage？A.Personalcampingequipment.B.Transportationfromhometoworksites.C.Allmealsandaccommodationinahotel.D.Campgroundbookingsandparkadmissionfees.（3）Whatistherecommendedactivityduringtherestdayoftheproject？A.Relaxingbyariver.B.Guidingareadingactivity.C.Participatinginaguidedhike.D.Assistingatanorientationmeeting.4．（8分）Thestudentarrivedearly，satfrontandcenter，andstoodoutinmyclassroominmorewaysthanone.I'dsaythathewasabout40yearsolderthanhisclassmatesinmyundergraduatecommunicationsclass.Heeagerlyjumpedintoclassdiscussions，withhishumorandwisdomofexperience.Andhewasalwaysrespectfuloftheotherstudents'perspectives，asifeachofthemwereateacher.JerryValenciawalkedinwithasmile—andheleftwithonetoo."ThesestudentsgavemetheconfidencethatIdidn'tneedtofeelbadaboutmyage，"Valenciasays.Oneday，IspottedValenciaoncampus.Hesaidhewouldhavetostoptakingclassesthatsemesterandreapplyfornextyear.Bythen，hehopedtohaveearnedenoughmoneyandhavehisstudent﹣loanpapersinorder.Heaskedseriouslywhetherhecouldstillsitinonmycommunicationsclass.Sure，Isaid.Buthewouldn'tgetanycredit.Noproblem，hesaid.Soontherehewasagain，backathisolddesk，jumpingintoourdiscussionsonhowtofindandtellstoriesinLosAngeles—a63﹣year﹣oldmanwithasmuchenergyandcuriosityasanyoftheyoungstersinclass.AlotofValencia'sclassmatesapparentlyknewhecouldn'taffordthatsemester'stuitionbutwasstilldoingthehomework."Hereheis，willinglytakingaclassforthedelightofitandbenefitoflearning，"saysJessicaEspinosa，a25﹣year﹣oldjunior.Afterward，IoverheardValenciawantedtostayinschooluntilheearnedamaster'sdegree，butithadtakenhim12yearstofinishcommunitycollege，sohehadalongwaytogo.ThereissomethingsplendidlyunreasonableaboutValencia'sdeterminationtogetafour﹣yeardegreeandthenamaster's.Athiscurrentpace，he'llbe90whenhefinallyhangsallthatpaperonthewall.Butthatdoesn'tseemespeciallyrelevant.He'sfoundalltheyouthfulenergyandacademicopportunitystimulating.Valencia'sgradeinmyclassthissemesterwillnotshowuponhistranscripts（成绩单）.ButI'mgivinghimanA—andinthemostimportantways，itcounts.（1）WhatmadeValenciadifferentfromhisclassmates？A.Hewasrespectfultotheteacher.B.Heactivatedtheclassatmosphere.C.Hewaseagertolearndespitehisage.D.Heoftenputforwarddifferentopinions.（2）Accordingtotheauthor，whydidValenciacontinuetoattendclasses？A.Hetreasuredthechanceoflearning.B.Hewishedtoshowhisdetermination.C.Heneededthecreditstofurtherhisstudy.D.HedesiredtohaveanAonhistranscripts.（3）WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesValencia？A.Modestandindependent.B.Energeticandgenerous.C.Enthusiasticandmotivated.D.Considerateandintelligent.（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage？A.Nopains，nogains.B.Itisnevertoooldtolearn.C.Striketheironwhileitishot.D.Wherethereislife，thereishope.5．（6分）Aheavyfeelingonthechest.Athroatthat'sleaden.Anoverwhelmingfeelingofisolation.Lonelinesshurts—and，overtime，itcanputthebodyintoastatethatincreasesourriskofeverythingfromheartattackandstroketodiabetesandcancer.So，evolutionarilyspeaking，whydoweexperienceit？StephanieCacioppo，aneuroscientistattheUniversityofChicagoPritzkerSchoolofMedicine，saysthatcountlessstudieshavehelpedresearchersformulateaholistic（全面的）purposeforloneliness."Oursocialstructuresevolvedhandinhandwithneural，hormonalandgeneticmechanismstosupportthesesocialstructures—likecouples，tribesandcommunities—thathelpussurviveandreproduce，"saysCacioppo.Becausewhilelonelinessmaybepainfultoexperiencetoday，forourprehistoricancestorsthatpainwouldhavebeenafarbetteralternativetobeingcaughtalonewithapredatorontheprowl（潜行）.Beingsocialhaditsdownsidesevenbackthen—competitionforfood，forexample，orcontributiontothespreadofpathogens（病原体）.Butscientiststhinkweevolvedtofeellonelinessbecauseitwasmoreimportanttoworkwithoneanothertoaccomplishtasksandtoprotecteveryone."Thepainoflonelinesspromptedustorenewthesocialstructuresowecouldsurviveandpromotekeyfeaturesliketrust，cooperationandcollectiveaction，"explainsCacioppo.Foryears，researchersthoughtoflonelinessasadisease.Butnow，they'rerealizingthatit'smoreofabiologicalhungersignalthatremindsuswhenit'stimetoreconnectwiththosearoundustopromoteourshort﹣termsurvival.Iftheoutcomesoflonelinesswereentirelynegative，itwouldnolongerbeapartofourDNA."Hungerandthirstprotectourphysicalbodywhilelonelinessprotectsoursocialbody，"saysCacioppo.Lonelinessimpactsusalldifferently.Someofusmayfindcertainsituationslonelyevenwhileothersdon't.There'salsoageneticcomponent：Someofusareborntofeellonelierthanothers.Otherfactorsplayarole，too.Thewayweweretreatedaschildrencanalsoinformhowlonelywefeelasadults.Lonelypeoplespendmostoftheirtimedeepwithintheirownimaginations；theymayconceptualizesocialencounterssomuch，infact，thatthispartoftheirbrainisinoverdrive.Thatmeanseventhoughtheymaybedesperatetoformconnections，whenthey'rearoundotherpeople，they'reactuallylesslikelytobepresent.（1）Asforloneliness，whichwouldtheauthoragreewith？A.Itcanleadtoseriousmentalproblemsinadulthood.B.Itholdspotentialrisksanddisadvantagestoindividuals.C.Itmayreflectaperson'sstrongdesiretohavesocialbonds.D.ItisperceivedinthesamewayasitisdemonstratedbyourDNA.（2）Scientistsbelievethatlonelinessis.A.beneficialbutriskyB.painfulbutnecessaryC.naturalandpowerfulD.personalandharmful（3）Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？A.Humansevolvedtobelonely.B.Lonelinessisacurabledisease.C.Lonelinessisapersonalfeeling.D.Humansneedtoaddressloneliness.6．（8分）Avideocirculatedonsocialmediaearlierthisyear，showingatouristopeningthedoorofavehicle，reachingoutanarmandattemptingtostrokeapassinglioness.Thelionessshruggedhimoff，butitcouldhaveeasilygonehorriblywrong.Recklessbehaviouraroundwildliferisksthesafetyofbothpeopleandanimals.Peopleriskbeingattacked，mauled（撕咬）andpossiblykilled，whileanimalscanbeharmed，removedorputdown，irrespectiveofwhethertheywereonlydefendingthemselves.Animalattackscanalsocastadestinationinanegativelight，causingtemporaryclosuresorscaringoffvisitors.Alljustsosomeonecouldboastthattheyhadstrokedalionorcapturedamomentonacameraphone."Touristsaregettingmoreandmorerecklessaroundwildlifeandthesourceoftheproblemissocialmedia."sayswildlifephotographerAnetteMosshachers."Peopleriskingtheirlivesordoingstupidthingswithwildlifeareafter'likes'andfollowers，somethingtoshowoffonsocialmedia，"saysMossbacher."Thegreatertherisk，themore'likes'theyget.Withsomeclients，itseemslikeasicknessoraddiction."Yetsocialmediaisnotentirelytoblame.Peoplehavealwaystakenrisksforanexperience.Foolishbehaviorandatendencytogetcockyarounddangerousanimalsmusthavebeenaroundsincethedawnofhumanity.Ahungerforattentiononlinemightdrivesomeofthecurrentmadness，butsomeindividualsmightbetryingtorecreateapieceoftheactiontheyhaveseenontelevision.Perhapstheadrenaline（肾上腺激素）rushwhenclosetowildanimalscausesanevaporationofcommonsense."There'saworryinglackofawarenessthatanimalsseveraltimesoursize，weight，speedandstrengthcaneasilyhurtus，"sayswildlifephotographerDavidLloyd."Idon'tthinkparksaredoingenoughtoraiseawareness.Touristsneedtoknowhowtheirpresencecanaffectwildlife.Agoodexampleischeetahs（猎豹）onvehiclerooftops.Itmaybeathrillforthebystanders，buttheconsequencesifamothercheetahfallsoffwouldbesevere.Shewouldnolongerbeabletohunt，sohercubscouldeasilystarve.""Peoplearen'tgettingtheeducationaboutwhytheyneedtostayawayfromwildlife，includingavoidingdiseases，keepingpeoplesecureandlettingwildlifebewild，"saysPhilipMuruthi，vicepresidentofspeciesconservationandsciencefortheAfricanWildlifeFoundation."Weneedtoeducatetouriststhroughsigns，pamphletsandfrontlinedrivers.Weshouldsticktoguidelines，andthereneedstobeenforcementthroughthelaw."（1）Whatcanwelearnaboutrecklessbehaviouraroundwildlife？A.Itharmstouristsmorethananimals.B.Itenablestouriststogetintimatewithanimals.C.Itmaybringmoreprofitstoatouristdestination.D.Itmaygetanimalskilledfordefendingthemselves.（2）AsforMossbacher'sopiniononwhatdrivespeople'srecklessbehavior，theauthoris.A.sympatheticB.disapprovingC.doubtfulD.indifferent（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"cocky"inParagraph4probablymean？A.Selfish.B.Frightened.C.Arrogant.D.Shocked.（4）Whatcanweconcludefromthepassage？A.Parksareexpectedtotakemoreresponsibilitiesforeducatingtourists.B.Raisingtourists'awarenessmeansstressingthedangerofanimalstothem.C.Moreregulationofthetouristindustryisthekeytoraisingtourists'awareness.D.Penaltiesratherthaneducationcanstoppeopletakingsillyrisksaroundwildlife.第二节根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。7．（10分）Howdoesitfeelwhenyousolveyourproblembyyourself？Thingsmaynotalwaysgoasplanned.（1）Beingresourcefulmeansfindingsmartandcreativewaystosolveaproblem，usingwhateverresourcesyouhaveatthetime.（2）Theycanalsobeanythingelsethat'suseful，suchasinformation，adviceoryourownexperience.Italsomeanstrustingyourinstincts，theabilityyou'rebornwith，ratherthanthroughtrainingandbeingconfidentaboutyourabilitytofacechallenges.Aresourcefulpersonisnottheonegettingcrossorpanickingwhensomethinggoeswrong.They'rethinkingabouthowtosolvetheproblem.（3）Whenwelearntosolveproblemsforourselvesratherthanimmediatelygoingtoothersforhelp，itcanhelptobuildourconfidence，helpusfeelmoreindependent，andfeelbetteraboutmakingdecisions.Beingresourcefulmaynothelpyouavoidproblems，butthinkingcreativelyabouthowyoucandealwiththemwillmakeyoufeellessstressedandmorepreparednexttime.（4）Thiscanboostself﹣esteem，thatis，howyoufeelaboutyourself.Whenyou'refacingachallenge，trytofocusontheactualproblemratherthanhowyoufeelaboutit.Thinkaboutwhereandwhenithappenedandwhatthecausesare.Next，thinkupasmanysolutionstotheproblemasyoucan.（5）Finally，reviewwhathasandhasn'tworked，soyou'reequippedtodealwithasituationnexttime.Andremember，nooneisexpectedtosolveallproblemsbythemselves.Ifyouhaveatrickyproblemthatyou'reunabletosolve，thenaskatrustedadultforhelp.A.Youalsolearnwhatyou'regoodat.B.Hereishowyoucanbemoreresourceful.C.Theycanbepracticalthingslikepensandpaper.D.Resourcefulnessisaskillthat'sgoodforyouinlotsofways.E.Thesemaybefamousmottosthatalwaysinspireustomoveon.F.Weighupwhat'sgoodandbadabouteachoneandchoosethebest.G.Butbeingresourcefulcanhelpyoustaycalmanddealwithtrickysituations.第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共1小题；共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题纸指定区域作答。8．（12分）Foryears，psychologistshaveknownhowtomeasuretheintelligenceofindividuals，butonlyrecentlyhavetheybeguntoinvestigatetheissueofgroupintelligence.Thisnotionstemsfromtheobservationthatsomegroupsseemtoworkfantasticallyacrosstasks，eventasksthatarenotverysimilar.Earlyinvestigationssuggestthatgroupintelligenceisnotthesumoftheintelligenceoftheindividualsinit.Sowhatisthesecrettotheirsuccess？ResearchersatGooglehavetackledthisquestion.Theycollectedthousandsofdatapointsonhundredsofgroupsandcombedthroughthemtryingtofindpatterns.Arethemembersofeffectivegroupsfriendsoutsideofwork？Dogroupswhosemembershavesimilarpersonalitiesorbackgroundsworktogetherbest？Theyputforwardmanytheoriesbutfoundnopatternstosupportthem.Infact，whowasinthegroupapparentlydidnotseemtomakeadifference；instead，thedifferencebetweenmoreandlesseffectivegroupsseemedtolieintheinteractionamongthemembers.Ineffectivegroups，membersspokeforaroughlyequalamountoftime—notateverymeetingorinteraction，butacrossthecourseofaproject.Additionally，ineffectivegroups，membersfaceoneanotherdirectlywhentheyspeak，usingenergeticandenthusiasticgestures.Moreover，sideconversationsbetweenindividualmembersduringmeetings.farfrombeingadistraction，actuallyincreasedthegroup'sproductivity.Thepositivebehaviorsuncoveredinthestudyoccurexclusivelyinface﹣to﹣faceinteraction.Onemightarguethatmostofthesefindingsareextremelyobvious，andneedlesstosay，goodmanagershaveprobablyalwaysunderstoodtheprinciples.However，understandinggroupintelligencecanhelpbusinessandotherorganizationsmakethefundamentalchangesnecessarytoimprovegroupperformance.Thereasonisthatoursocialandprofessionallivesarenotalwaysstructuredinwaysthatfacilitatethekindofinteractionthatapparentlyunderlineseffectivegroupperformance.（1）Whatisthefindingofpreviousstudiesongroupintelligence？（2）Whyisitimportantforpeopletounderstandgroupintelligence？（3）Decidewhichpartofthefollowingstatementiswrong.Underlineitandexplainwhy.Althoughsideconversationsdistractmembersduringmeetings，theycanhelptoboostthegroup'sefficiency.（4）Apartfromwhatismentionedinthepassage，whatotherway（s）canweusetoimprovegroupintelligence？（Inabout40words）第二节（20分）9．（20分）假如你是红星中学高三学生李华。上周末你班到光明农场参加了公益劳动。你的英国朋友Jim想了解相关情况，请你给他写封邮件分享此活动，内容包括：（1）活动目的和活动内容；（2）活动反响和收获。注意：（1）词数100左右；（2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词：公益劳动voluntarylabourDearJim，Yours，LiHua

参考答案第一节阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。1．【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在没有房子住的时候家庭关系发生的变化。【解答】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.houseless没有房子的；B.jobless没有工作的；C.helpless无助的；D.speechless无语的。根据上句Myparentssoldthefirsthousebeforetheyboughtthesecond可知我父母在买第二套房子之前卖掉了第一套房子，所以我们有三个月没有房子住。故答案为A。（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.awarded奖励；B.showed展示；C.returned回来；D.offered提供。根据下句Thecabinhadonebedroom，asmalllivingroom，a（3）kitchen，andaloungewheremybrotherandIsleptinabunkbed（双层床铺）.可知小屋有一个卧室，一个小客厅，一个狭窄的厨房，还有一个休息室，我和弟弟睡在那里的一个双层床上。说明在那段时间，一个家庭朋友给我们提供了他们非常小的钓鱼小屋。故答案为D。（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.spacious宽敞的；B.narrow狭窄的；C.quality质量；D.unique独特的。根据上句Duringthattime，afamilyfriend（2）ustheirverysmallfishingcabin.可知在那段时间，一个家庭朋友给我们提供了他们非常小的钓鱼小屋。说明厨房非常狭窄。故答案为B。（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.emergent紧急的；B.happy高兴的；C.stressful有压力的；D.relaxing令人放松的。根据下句Allofourroutinesweredisrupting.可知我们所有的日常活动都被打乱了。说明对我父母来说，那是一段压力很大的时期。故答案为C。（5）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.settledown定居下来；B.reachup伸手够；C.benddown弯腰；D.showup出现。根据上句Ilovedthebunkbed，whereIknewmybrotherwasrightaboveme可知我喜欢上下铺，我知道我哥哥就在我上面，离我很近，如果需要的话，我可以伸手去抓。故答案为B。（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.relatives亲戚；B.players运动员；C.classmates同学；D.neighbours邻居。根据常识和空后anywherenearby，somybrotherhadtoplaywithme.可知我喜欢附近没有其他邻居，所以我哥哥只能和我一起玩。故答案为D。（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.voice嗓音；B.memory记忆；C.sound声音；D.argument争论。根据空后ofmyfatherwatchingTVwerejustafewfeetaway.可知我喜欢晚上睡觉时，客厅的灯光和父亲看电视的声音就在几英尺之外。故答案为C。（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.requested要求；B.decided决定；C.refused拒绝；D.troubled惹麻烦。根据上句Inournormallives，Iwouldn'thavedaredtoaskmybrothertoplaywithmeinsteadofhisfriends.可知在我们平时的生活中，我是不敢让我哥哥和我一起玩，而不是和他的朋友玩。说明我不可能要求和他共用一间卧室。故答案为A。（9）考查副词及语境理解。A.Naturally自然地；B.Eventually最后；C.Initially最初地；D.Urgently紧急地。根据下句myparentsfoundanewhouseandwemovedintoit.可知最后，我父母找到了一所新房子，我们搬进去了。故答案为B。（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.closeness亲密关系；B.brotherhood兄弟情谊；C.friendship友谊；D.transformation转变。根据前文Inthatperiodofdisruption，Ilovedtheclosenessthatwerelieduponoursmallcabin可知在那段混乱的日子里，我喜欢我们依赖小木屋的那种亲密感。说明我为失去小屋，尤其是失去亲密感而悲伤。故答案为A。【点评】完形填空题的解题步骤：1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。第二节阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题纸指定区域作答。2．【分析】文章A讲述了作者女儿的鞋子破了，作者拿去修后结果发现鞋子的外观更有趣了。文章B介绍了由于缺乏食物，非洲企鹅数量下降，预计十多年后野生非洲企鹅将灭绝。文章C介绍了哭泣的好处，我们可以利用哭泣来缓解自己的消极情绪。【解答】（1）考查时态语态。句意：不久前，我女儿的鞋子被刀弄坏了。根据句意，此处表示"被破坏"，短文时态为一般过去时，应用一般过去时的被动语态（was/weredone），主语shoes为复数，be动词用were，动词damage用过去分词，故填weredamaged。（2）考查不定式。句意：两天后我下班过来取鞋。根据句意可知此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填tocollect。（3）考查形容词比较级。句意：这个外观看起来比以往任何时候都有趣。根据than可知，此处应用形容词比较级，故填moreinteresting。（4）考查名词。句意：主要原因是全球变暖对海洋环境的干扰和商业捕鱼业的竞争造成了食物短缺。并列连词and连接两个名词短语，competition竞争，故填competition。（5）考查时态。句意：根据一项研究，最近科学家们发现了一个可能的额外原因，这是一个全新的威胁，进一步阻止企鹅寻找食物：海湾中船舶的噪音污染。根据recently可知，时态为现在完成时（have/hasdone），主语scientists为复数，助动词用have，动词identity用过去分词形式。故填haveidentified。（6）考查动词。句意：根据一项研究，最近科学家们发现了一个可能的额外原因，这是一个全新的威胁，进一步阻止企鹅寻找食物：海湾中船舶的噪音污染。本句时态为一般现在时，主语为指示代词that，为单数，动词应用三单形式，故填prevents。（7）考查宾语从句。句意：不管什么原因导致眼泪流出来，身体上的反应通常都是一样的，面颊浮肿，眼睛紧绷，导致眼泪从脸上流下来。介词of后接宾语从句，引导词表示"什么"，应用what引导，故填what。（8）考查现在分词。句意：不管什么原因导致眼泪流出来，身体上的反应通常都是一样的，面颊浮肿，眼睛紧绷，导致眼泪从脸上流下来。cheeks和eyes与动词lead之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式作后置定语，故填leading。（9）考查限制性定语从句。句意：尽管觉得丢脸，但哭泣可以缓解紧张情绪，消除消极和悲伤情绪。先行词是anact，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，可用which或that引导，故填which/that。（10）考查介词。句意：最终，哭泣是一种强大的工具，我们应该用它来摆脱消极情绪。freeoneselffromsth.使某人摆脱某事，故填from。【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共4小题；每小题6分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。3．【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了一个志愿者项目，即在优胜美地国家公园与护林员一起工作，帮助保护这个著名的国家公园。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段AsvolunteersinYosemiteValley，wehelprangersfixtrailsandrepairfragilenaturalresources.（作为约塞米蒂山谷的志愿者，我们帮助护林员修复小径，修复脆弱的自然资源。）可知优胜美地志愿者项目中，志愿者的任务是修复容易被破坏的自然资源。故选D。（2）细节理解题。根据What'sIncluded部分AllmealsfromdinneronDay1throughbreakfastonDay7；campgroundreservations；grouptools；transportationfromcampgroundtoworksites；orientationandtraining；parkentrancefees.（从第1天的晚餐到第7天的早餐的所有餐费；露营地预订；团体工具；从露营地到工作地点的交通；指导和培训；公园门票。）可知志愿者项目包包括露营地预订和公园入场费。故选D。（3）细节理解题。根据Day6部分ExploreYosemiteNationalParkonyourmuchdeservedrestday.ChallengeyourselfonahikeuptheMistTrail，relaxbytheMercedRiver，orreadabookinapeacefulmeadow—thisdayisallyours.（在您应得的休息日探索约塞米蒂国家公园。在薄雾小道上徒步挑战自己，在默塞德河边放松，或者在宁静的草地上读一本书——这一天都是你的。）可知项目休息日的推荐活动是在河边放松。故选A。【点评】阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。4．【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了一位名叫JerryValencia的63岁老人在大学里坚持学习的故事。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据原文第一段I'dsaythathewasabout40yearsolderthanhisclassmatesinmyundergraduatecommunicationsclass.Heeagerlyjumpedintoclassdiscussions，withhishumorandwisdomofexperience.（我得说，他比我本科传播学班上的同学大40岁左右。他以他的幽默和经验的智慧，热心地参加课堂讨论。）可知瓦伦西亚和他的同学的不同之处是：尽管年纪大了，他还是渴望学习。故选C。（2）推理判断题。根据原文第七段AlotofValencia'sclassmatesapparentlyknewhecouldn'taffordthatsemester'stuitionbutwasstilldoingthehomework."Hereheis，willinglytakingaclassforthedelightofitandbenefitoflearning，"saysJessicaEspinosa，a25﹣year﹣oldjunior.（瓦伦西亚的很多同学显然知道他付不起那学期的学费，但仍然在做作业。25岁的大三学生杰西卡•埃斯皮诺萨（JessicaEspinosa）说："他在这里，为了学习的乐趣和益处而自愿上课。"）可知他继续上课是因为他得到了乐趣并珍惜学习的机会。故选A。（3）观点态度题。根据原文第一段Heeagerlyjumpedintoclassdiscussions，withhishumorandwisdomofexperience.（他带着自己的幽默和经验，热心地投入到课堂讨论中。）可知他是热情且积极的。故选C。（4）主旨大意题。根据原文倒数第二段Afterward，IoverheardValenciasayhewantedtostayinschooluntilheearnedamaster'sdegree，butithadtakenhim12yearstofinishcommunitycollege，sohehadalongwaytogo.（后来，我无意中听到巴伦西亚说，他想继续留在学校直到获得硕士学位，但他花了12年时间才完成社区大学的学业，所以他还有很长的路要走。）以及最后一段的Twelveyears？Hewasinandoutofschool，hesaid，subjecttohisworkscheduleandwhetherhehadmoneyforclasses.Hehadearnedhisassociateofartsdegreeoverthesummer，thentransferredtoCalStateLAtostartonhisbachelor's.（十二年？他说，他进出学校，取决于他的工作时间表，以及他是否有钱去上课。他在夏天获得了副学士学位，然后转到加州州立大学洛杉矶分校开始攻读学士学位。）可知一个63岁的大学生尚有如此的学习兴趣一直往下学。可知本文讲述了学习永远不会太迟，即使我们开始的有点晚，故选B。【点评】阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。5．【分析】本文是一篇说明文。作者讲述了人类进化孤独感的好处，认为孤独并不是一种疾病。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第四段they'rerealizingthatit'smoreofabiologicalhungersignalthatremindsuswhenit'stimetoreconnectwiththosearoundustopromoteourshort﹣termsurvival（他们现在意识到孤独感是一种生物学的饥饿信号，提醒我们何时重新与周围的人联系，以促进我们的短期生存）以及第五段Thatmeanseventhoughtheymaybedesperatetoformconnections（尽管他们渴望与他人建立联系）可知，孤独感实际也反映了人们渴望建立社交联系。故选C。（2）推理判断题。根据第三段Thepainoflonelinesspromptedustorenewthesocialstructuresowecouldsurviveandpromotekeyfeaturesliketrust，cooperationandcollectiveaction（虽然孤独感会让我们感到痛苦，但它也促使我们重新建立社会结构，以便我们能够生存并促进信任、合作和集体行动等关键特征）可知，科学家认为孤独是痛苦的，但也是必要的。故选B。（3）主旨大意题。根据第三段Butscientiststhinkweevolvedtofe