八下英语Unit8现在完成时语法课件(1)

PresentPerfectTense现在完成时1.过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。2.过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态havebreakfastI’mnothungrynowmovedherein2000IstilllivehereIhavelivedhereforthreeyears.Ihavelivedheresince2000/threeyearsago.pastnow构成have/has

+过去分词现在完成时Ihavejustcleanedmyclothes.我刚洗过衣服。（“洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”）Ihavejusthadmybreakfast.(对现在的影响：不饿)现在完成时动词构成

have/has+v过去分词(及物动词)

助动词否定haven’thasn’t疑问Haveyou……?Hashe……?答语Yes,主语+have/has.No,主语+haven’t/hasn’t3.以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的双写＋ed.

如：plan,stop,drop,fit(适合),prefer(更喜欢),travel4.以辅音字母＋y，结尾，变y为i＋edtry,study,carry,hurry,cry,worry,copy规则变化：1.+edwork,plant,call2.e+dlive,change,like,love,agree,save,hate,move,arrive,skate,hope,过去分词的构成不规则变化：5.特殊:am/is/are-was/were-been,see-saw-seen,do-did-done,go-went-gone,take-took-taken,give-gave-given,know-knew-known,speak-spoke-spoken,write-wrote-written,sing-sang-sung,forget-forgot-forgotten6.不变：put-put-put,run-ran-run,come-came-come,become-became-become,read-read-read,cut-cut-cut,1.写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词am/is_________are____________see___________do____________go____________give____________take___________know____________speak__________write____________put__________run____________come__________sing____________forget___________become___________特征词:already(肯定句)yet(否定句和疑问句)never，ever(疑问句)just(谓语动词之前)before(句末）sofar,thesedays,for+时间段,since+时间点，since+句子（过去时）1.Shehasnotseenthisfilm

.Shehas

seenthisfilm.2.Ihave

combedmyhair.Haveyoucombedyourhair

.3.Hehas

watchedavideo.Hehasnotwatchedavideo

.

already----------yet已经用于肯定句用于否定句，疑问句1.haveyou________beentoBeijing?No,_____.2.Ihave______finishedmywork.3.Ihavefinishedmywork_______.4.Haveyoufinishedyourwork______?5.ShehastaughtEnglish_____10years.6.Hehasworkedinthefactory______1yearago.7.Ihaveheardofthestory_______.3.关键词：just,yet;since,for;ever,never;already,beforeeverneverjustalreadyyetforsincebefore按要求进行句型转换Hehasalreadyfinishedhishomework.(一般问句，并作肯定、否定回答)IhaveneverbeentoBeijingbefore.(一般问句)Theyhavelearnedaroundfiveunits.(提问)Hashefinishedhishomeworkyet?Yes,hehas.No,hehasn’t./Notyet.HaveyoueverbeentoBeijingbefore?Whathavetheydone?用括号中所给的动词的适当形式完成下列句子。Theboy______just

_____(see)myfather.2.______you______(find)yourwatchyet?3.We______already______(return)thebook.5.---HasTomtaughtyouEnglish?--Yes,he________(teach)usEnglishforayear.6.I____________(notfinish)myhomeworkyet.Canyouhelpme?7.Myfather_________(read)thebooktwice.8.Howlong______you______(know)him?9.She________(write)thebookfortwoyears.10.Thesechildren_________(stay)inthepark

sincetwohoursago.hasseenHavefoundhavereturnedhastaughthaven’tfinishedhasreadhaveknownhaswrittenhavestayedhave/hasgoneto

have/hasbeento

have/hasbeeninhave/hasgoneto:已经去了或在途中，还没有返回；have/hasbeento:曾今去过某地，现在已经回来了,后面可接表示“次数”的状语;have/hasbeenin:表示某人“已在某地停留一段时间，现仍在那里”，其后常带表示一段时间的状语。ExercisesTom在哪儿？他去书店了。我在北京待了5年了。Jack去过上海两次了.-WhereisTom?-Hehasgonetothebookshop.IhavebeeninBeijingfor5years.JackhasbeentoShanghaitwice.1.whereisJim?He

Wuhan.2.Myparents

theGreatWalltwice.Theylikethereverymuch.

youever

totheHappyvalley?Howlong

Peter

theWestHillfarm?Mysister

theshop.Shewillbebackintwohours.She

Shanghai.Sheisn’there.She

Shanghai.Sheishere.She

ShanghaifortwoyearshasgonetohavebeentoHavebeentohasbeeninhasgonetohasgonetohasbeentohasbeenin注意点三、非延续性动词与现在完成时短暂性动词可以用于现在完成时，但不能与时间段连用。这些动词是：become,begin,buy,borrow,arrive,come,die,fall,finish,gettoknow,go,join,leave,marry等。Ihaveborrowedthisbook.Ihaveborrowedthisbookforthreedays.（错）Ihavekeptthisbookforthreedays.非延续性动词要转化成延续性动词才能和时间段连用。现在完成时与瞬间动词瞬间动词在完成时中不和表示一段时间的状语连用。如:我来中国3年了。

IhavecometoChinaforthreeyears.

IhavebeeninChinaforthreeyears.

IcametoChinathreeyearsago.threeyearsagonowcometoChinabeeninChinaShehasboughtthecomputerfortwoyears.hadbuyhave/has

hadIhaveleftShanghaifor3days.beenawayfromShanghaileavehave/has

beenaway

Ihaveborrowedthedictionarysince3daysago.keptborrowhave/has

kept

Thefilmhasbegunfor10minutes.beenonbeginhave/has

beenon

Hisdoghasdiedfortwoyears.beendead

die

have/has

beendead

√×××√×√√()()()()()()()()Ihaveboughtanewdictionaryforaweek.

Ihavehadanewdictionaryforaweek.我买一本新词典已有一星期了。Theyhavecomeherefortwodays.Theyhavebeenherefortwodays.他们来这儿已经两天了。HehasjoinedtheLeaguememberfortwoyears.HehasbeenaLeaguememberfortwoyears.他已入团两年了。Themanhasbeendeadforseveralyears.Themanhasdiedforseveralyears.这个人已经死了几年了。请判断1.Ihave

borrowedthebookfor2weeks.()2.Thefilmhas

begun

for5minutes.()ABCABCBkept

Bbeenon3.这辆自行车我买了两年了。

I’ve_____thebike_____twoyears.4.HeleftNanjingtwoyearsago.He____________________Nanjingfortwoyears.5.Themonkeydiedlastmonth.Themonkey_______________foramonth.hadforhasbeenawayfromhasbeendead1.直接转化成延续性动词

buyborrowcome/go/becomehave

keepbein/at瞬间动词如何转换成延续动词2.转换成be+名词/介词短语

jointhearmyjointhePartygotoschoolbeasoldierbeaPartymember/beinthePartybeastudent/beinschool3转换成be+形容词或副词

diebeginleavecloseopenbedeadbeonbeawaybeclosedbeopen/beinthearmy①.我们买这本书三年了.Wehavehadthebookforthreeyears.Weboughtthebookthreeyearsago.一般过去时态和现在完成时态可以构成同义句2自从上星期以来,我就借了这本书.Ihavekeptthebooksincelastweek.Iborrowedthebooklastweek.3MrBlack死了三年了。MrBlackhasbeendeadforthreeyears.MrBlackdiedthreeyearsago.5小明参军半年了。XiaoMinghasbeenasoldierforhalfayear.XiaoMingjoinedthearmyhalfayearago.6.电影开始了一小时了

Thefilmhasbeenonforanhour

ThefilmbegananhouragoHedied10yearsago.---He____________for10years/since10yearsago.2.Heborrowedthebook2weeksago.---He________thebookfor2weeks.3.Heboughtthemotorbikeamonthago.---He________themotorbikeforamonth.4.Hearrivedherethreedaysago.---He________heresincethreedaysago.hasbeendeadhaskepthashadhasbeen6.Helefthere2yearsago.---He____________fromherefor2years.7.Thefilmbegan30minutesago.---Thefilm____________for30minutes.8.Theyopenedthedooranhourago.---Thedoor____________foranhour.9.Theyclosedthedooranhourago.---Thedoor____________foranhour.10.Hejoinedthearmylastyear.---He________a_______forayear.---He____________thearmyforayear.---It____ayear____hejoinedthearmy.hasbeenawayhasbeenonhasbeenopenhasbeenclosedhasbeensoldierhasbeeninis

sinceExercises()1.You’veneverseensuchawonderfulfilmbefore,_______?A.haven’tyouB.haveyouC.doyouD.don’tyou()2.—Ihavewatchedthegame.—When____you____it?A.have;watchedB.do;watchC.did;watchD.will;watch()3.Mr.Green____inChinasincefiveyearsago.A.livedB.haslivedC.livesD.isgoingtolive()4.Hisgrandma______fortwoyears.A.diedB.hasdiedC.wasdeadD.hasbeendeadBCBD()5.–WhereisHanMeinow?

－She____toShanghai.Shewillbebackintwodays.A.hasgoneB.hasbeenC.goesD.hadgone()6.－_____you____totheUnitedStated?

－No,never,butIwenttoCanadaafewyearsagoA.Have;beenB.Have;goneC.Did;goD.Do;go()7.Youhaven’tchangedyourmind,_______?A.doyouB.areyouC.haveyouD.didyou()8.Howlonghaveyou_____thefootballteamoftheschool?A.playedB.beenatC.joinedDbeenonAACD()9.—Wherehaveyou_____thesedays?—Ihave_____toKunmingwithmyfriends.Abeen,goneBbeen,beenCgone,beenDgone,gone()10.Howlonghaveyou____thisbook?A.boughtB.borrowedC.hadD.lent()11.—Excuseme,____youseenthefilmyet?—Yes,I_____itlastnight.Ahave,seeBhave,haveseenChave,seenDhave,saw()12.Hehasneverriddenahorsebefore,_____?A.isheB.isn’theC.hasn’theD.hasheBCDDChoosethebestanswer1—Whatanicewatch！Howlong

you

it？

—JustthreeweeksAwill，buyBdid，buyChave，had2—

you

inGreenerChinaforalongtime？

—Yes，IjoineditfiveyearsagoAHave，beenBHas，joinedCHave，joined3TeacherLi

Japan，he

JapanfortwoyearsAhasbeento，hasbeentoBhasgoneto，hasbeeninChasgoneto，hasbeento4Thestudentsaresorrytohearthatthefamoussinger

forhalfanhourAhasleftBhasbeenawayChasgoneaway5I

thisbookfortwodays，IhavetoreturnitnowAborrowedBhaveborrowedChavekept（C）（A）（B）（B）（C）6----When

you

youroldfriend?----Thedaybeforeyesterday.Awill,visitBdid,visitChave,visited7

MrsWhite

inthisschoolsinceshecamehere.AteachesBtaughtChastaught8Nochildren

footballinthestreetsinceacarhitaboylastSunday.AhaveplayedBplayedCplaying9----I’msorrytokeepyouwaiting.----Oh,notatall,I

hereonlyforafewminutes.AwasBhavebeenCwillbe10Hisfather

since1936.AdiedBhasdiedChasbeendead（B）（C）（A）（B）（C）用括号中所给的动词的适当形式完成下列句子。1.______you______(find)yourwatchyet?2.---Areyouthirsty?---NO,I______just_______(have)someorange.3.We________already______(return)thebook.4.---HasTomtaughtyouEnglish?---Yes,he______(teach)usEnglishfortwoyears.5.I______(notfinish)myhomeworkyet.Canyouhelpme?6.What______they_____(do)withthenewspaper?Theyhavereadthem.7.---Thedoorisopen.Who______(open)it?Doyouknow?---Sorry,Idon’tknow.8.Myfather_____(read)thenoveltwice.9.WuDong_____(be)asoldierforoneyear.10.Thestudents______(study)inthemiddleschoolsincelastmonth.11.Howlong______you______(know)him?12.Mike______(make)quiteafewfriendssincehecametoChina.13.I_____(give)myfriendanicebookrecently.14.LiPingandWuDong______(see)theoldmanthreetimes.15._____sheever_____(teach)youEnglish?16.Thesechildren___