高中英语Unit1FestivalsandCelebrations重点语法单元话题写作（学生版）

高中英语【人教版2019】必修第三册Unit1FestivalsandCelebrations重点语法+单元话题写作【问题查找】单项选择1.Theman___________nexttomeworksveryhard,goingoutearlyandreturninglateeveryday.A.lives B.living C.havinglived D.tolive2.Nearly3,500yearsago,peoplechewedonleaves___________aspecialchemicaltoreducebodypainsandfever.A.possessed B.topossess C.havingpossessed D.possessing3.Nowadays,manyyoungpeople___________selflessnessoftentalkagoodgamebuthaveahardtimeputtingtheirwordsintoaction.A.lacking B.lacked C.lackingof D.lackedin4.Duringherstayinprison,Leecalledandleftavoicemailmessage___________howmuchshelovedherdaughter.A.tostay B.saying C.wassaid D.said5.Weallthinkitwasa___________footballmatchbetweenGuoanandShenhuaandwewereall___________atit.A.disappointing;disappointing B.disappointed;disappointingC.disappointed;disappointed D.disappointing;disappointed6.Icouldseeawhale___________byapackofaboutsixotherkillersaswegotclose.A.attack B.beattacked C.beingattacked D.tobeattacked7.WhilewatchingTV,___________.A.someonecamein B.thetelephonerangC.wesawsomeoneingin D.someoneappearing8.Never___________faithinhimself,thescientistwentonwithit.A.losing B.tolost C.lost D.tobelost9.Surprisingly,thefirstimageofablackholelookedjustlikearedcircleonablackbackground,___________worldwidenetizenstohavealittlefunwithit.A.toinspire B.havinginspired C.inspiring D.inspired10.ThedeathofZhouYanghasraisedpublicconcern,___________thegovernmenttotakefurtherstepstohandletheproblemsofhealth﹣careproducts.A.tocause B.causing C.causes D.caused11.Onthisyear'sSingle'sday,theTmallSitesmashedthe10billion﹣yuanthresholdinjusttwominutesandfiveseconds,___________lastyear'srecordof3minutesandonesecond.A.tobreak B.breaking C.havingbroken D.beingbroken12.___________hisexpression,heisn'tleadingahappylifenow.A.Judgedfrom B.Judgingby C.Judged D.Tojudge13.___________incolor,thegardenlooksdullinthislatefall.A.Lack B.Lacking C.Lacked D.Tolack14.ChancescreatedbytheBeltandRoadInitiativebelongtotheworld,___________apromisingfuturesharedbymankind.A.ensured B.ensuring C.toensure D.havingensured15.___________whathadhappened,theyknewIwouldstruggleandsimplywantedtohelpbecauseitwastherightthingtodo.A.Hearing B.Tohaveheard C.Havingheard D.Heard【要点精讲】【重点语法】非谓语动词之现在分词一、概念：定义：现在分词是非谓语动词的形式之一，与句中主语为逻辑上的主动关系，与句中谓语动词同时发生，或基本上同时发生。二、现在分词的句法功能1.作定语1)表示主动的、进行的状态Thegirlwearingblueskirtismysister.=Thegirlwhoiswearingblueskirtismysister.2）说明被修饰词的性质和特征Thisisaninterestingstory.注：单个分词作定语时放在所修饰的名词前，分词短语作定语时放在后，并且名词与现在分词之间存有逻辑上的主谓关系。2.作表语分词作表语有两种情况，一种是现在分词作表语，一种是过去分词作表语，究竟是用现在分词还是用过去分词作表语是学生们经常困惑的地方。一般来说，表示心理状态的动词如excite，interest等都是及物动词，汉语意思不是“激动”，“高兴”，而是“使激动”、“使高兴”，因而现在分词应该是“令人激动的”、“令人高兴的”，过去分词则是“感到激动的”和“感到高兴的”。所以，凡表示“令人……的”都是－ing形式，凡是表示“感到……”都用－ed形式。这类词常见的有：interesting使人感到高兴—interested感到高兴的exciting令人激动的—excited感到激动的delighting令人高兴的—delighted感到高兴的disappointing令人失望的—disappointed感到失望的encouraging令人鼓舞的—encouraged感到鼓舞的pleasing令人愉快的—pleased感到愉快的puzzling令人费解的—puzzled感到费解的satisfying令人满意的—satisfied感到满意的surprising令人惊异的—surprised感到惊异的worrying令人担心的—worried感到担心的如：Travelingisinterestingbuttiring.Thepupilswillgetconfusediftheylearntoomuchatatime.3.作补语，表示主动的、进行的状态，与宾语有逻辑上的“主谓”关系IsawMarygoingupstairsthen.只有两类动词可以加现在分词作宾补:1）感官动词：see；hear；watch；feel；notice；observe；find；listento；lookat2）使役动词：have；get；make注意：要想用现在分词来作宾补,只能是用于这些词后,但是并不代表这些动词后的宾补形式都要用现在分词（有些后面可以加不带to的不定式作宾补）。eg.IsawThomasplayingputergames.Don’thavethestudentsstudyingallday.4.作状语：表示主动的、进行的状态，其逻辑主语是句中的主语。(如果不是，需在v.ing形式前加名词或代词作逻辑主语:Timepermitting,thefootballmatchwillbeplayedonFriday.)1)原因状语：Nothavingbeeninvitedtotheparty,shehadtostayhome.2)时间状语：Seeingtheirteachering,thestudentsstoppedtalking.如果现在分词表示的动作与谓语表示的动作同时发生，常在现在分词前加上when或while：Whilewaitingfortheplane,IhadalongtalkwithSimon.3)条件状语：Workingharder,you'llbeNo.1inyourclass.4)让步状语：Weighingalmosttwohundredkilograms,thestonewasmovedbyhimalone.5)结果状语：(表示自然而然的结果)Hisparentsdied,leavinghimanorphan.6)伴随状语：Heenteredtheclassroom,takingabookinhishand.7)方式状语：Followingtheirteacher,thestudentsenteredtheroomquietly.注：有些惯用的分词短语在句中可以没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在：generallyspeaking一般说来talkingof(speakingof)说到strictly/franklyspeaking严格地／坦白地说judgingfrom从……判断allthingsconsidered从整体来看considering考虑到takingallthingsintoconsideration全面看来supposing假设generallyspeaking一般说来talkingof(speakingof)说到三、现在分词的时态和语态时态语态主动式被动式一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone1.现在分词的一般式:1)现在分词的一般式通常表示其动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生。如：Shesattherereadinganovel.2)现在分词的一般式所表示的动作有时在谓语动词的动作之前发生。如：Goingintotheroom，heshutthedoor.走进房间，他就关上了门。2.现在分词的完成式:现在分词的完成式表示其动作在谓语动词的动作之前完成。Havingfinishedherhomework,thelittleboybegantowatchTV.做完作业后，这个小男孩开始看电视。3.现在分词的被动式:现在分词的被动式表示其逻辑主语为现在分词动作的承受者。1)现在分词的一般被动式。如：Thebuildingbeingbuiltisourlibrary.2)现在分词的完成被动式。如：Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hestilldidnotknowhowtodoit.（人家）已经告诉他多少次了，他还是不知道怎么做。【单元话题写作】你最近经历的节日或庆祝活动写作指导本单元的写作项目是描述一下你最近经历的节日或庆祝活动，这类题目要求首先要说出节日或庆祝活动的名称和感受；其次交代为节日或庆祝活动做出的准备；第三指出节日或庆祝活动的内容(或有哪些具体的活动)，最后做出总结归纳。[基本框架]1.开头(beginning)一交代2.主体(body)一介绍3.结尾(ending)一总结常用表达[常用词汇]1.Festivalsandcelebrationsofallkinds各种节日和庆祝活动2.celebratetheendofcoldweather，plantinginspringandharvestinautumn庆祝寒冷天气的结束，春天的种植和秋天的收获3.tohonorthedeadortosatisfytheancestors为了纪念死者或让祖先满意4.inmemoryofthem为了纪念他们5.decoratechurchesandtownwithflowersandfruit用鲜花和水果装饰教堂和城镇6.admirethemoonandenjoymooncakes赏月和吃月饼7.forgetaboutourworkforalittlewhile暂时忘记工作的压力[常用语句]★精彩开头1.Lastyear，IspenttheMidAutumnFestivalwithmyhostfamily.去年我和寄宿家庭一起过了中秋节。2.IexperiencedtheDragonBoatFestivalinChinatohonourthefamousancientpoetQuYuanforthefirsttimelastmonth.上个月我首次体验了中国的龙舟节，它是为了纪念著名的古代诗人屈原。3.ThiswasmyfirsttimeIexperiencedspentEasterinEnglandanditwasanenjoyableandexcitingexperienceforme.这是我第一次在英国过复活节。对我来说这是一次非常享受和令人兴奋的经历。★正文佳句1.TheLunarNewyearisagreatoccasiontotheChinesepeople.Itlastsaboutthefirstsixdaysoftheyear,duringwhichpeopledonotworkexceptfortheworkersonduty.农历新年对中国人来说是一个很大的时刻，春节假期从年初起要持续六天，在此期间，除了值班人员之外人们不用工作。2.Ontheeveofthenewyear，eachfamilyhasitsmembersgatheredtogetherandeatsafamilyreuniondinner.在除夕，每个家庭都会把家人聚在一起，吃团圆饭。3.ItisbelievedthatthemoonisatitsbrightestatthenightofMidAutumnFestival，whenpeoplecanadmirethemoonandenjoymooncakes.人们相信中秋节的晚上月亮是最亮的，在那时人们可以赏月吃月饼。★余味结尾1.WeholdthebeliefthatfestivalswillnotonlyhelpusunderstandChinesetraditionalculturemuchbetterbutalsoletusfeeltheuniquebeautyofthem.我们相信，节日不仅帮我们更好地理解中国传统文化，而且让我们感受它的独特之美。2.Wecanlookbackonthepastandlookforwardtothefuturetogetheronfestivals.在过节时我们可以共同回首往事和瞻望未来。3.Festivalsletusenjoylife，beproudofourcustomsandforgetourworkforalittlewhile.节日让我享受生活，让我们为自己的习俗而自豪，还可以暂时忘掉工作的烦恼。写作训练假如你是来自美国的留学生Mike，去年你和寄宿家庭一起过了春节，请你根据以下内容，描述一下你的过节经历和感受。1.节前，打扫房间，贴春联，挂灯笼；2.除夕一家人吃团圆饭，看电视、放鞭炮；3.初一人们穿新衣、拜年、孩子们领红包；4.表达作者的感受。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【查漏补缺】一、用所给动词的适当形式填空1.ChinaandIndiaarebothlarge______________(develop)countries.2.Thishardworkingstudentfinallyworkedoutthe______________(puzzle)problem.3.Doyouknowtheboy______________(play)basketball?4.Theman______________(talk)tomymotherismyuncle.5.Thestranger______________(stand)infrontofmyhousecaughtmyattention.6.Herjobis______________(keep)thelecturehallascleanaspossible.7.Theproblemthatheraisedatthemeetingwasquite______________(surprise).8.Theman______________(wear)asadlooksaid,“I’velostmywallet.”9.Thehouse______________(build)fortheoldistobepletednextmonth.10.Oneofhisbadhabitsis______________(smoke)whilehavingdinner.二、用动词ing形式完成句子1.____________________________________________________________________.我认为她的笑话无趣。2.____________________________________________________________________.她的人生故事听起来很感人。3.____________________________________________________________________.我的业余爱好是唱歌跳舞。4.____________________________________________________________________.我厌烦的事情就是等公交车很长时间。5.____________________________________________________________________.在阅览室不允许大声喧哗。6.____________________________________________________________________.你应该适应这种快速变化的局势。7.____________________________________________________________________.在公园里锻炼的老人看起来精力充沛。8.____________________________________________________________________.现在正在设计的体育馆将是我们城市里最大的体育馆。9.____________________________________________________________________.聚集在校门口的那些男孩是我的同学。10.____________________________________________________________________.大型超市里的家具有各种颜色和形状,从黑色到白色,从圆形到方形。三、语法应用用动词ing形式作定语和表语的句子简要介绍你母亲的工作。1.妈妈的工作是在超市里卖水果。(动词ing形式作表语)2.这些水果种类繁多,从常见的苹果、梨到进口的(imported)水果。(动词ing形式作定语)3.妈妈经常给我们带来一些卖得好的水果让我们品尝。(动词ing形式作定语)4.虽然一些人认为我母亲的工作是无聊的,但我认为她的工作是有意义的。(动词ing形式作表语)Mymother’sjobis________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【梳理优化】时态语态主动式被动式一般式完成式【强化巩固】语法填空ItiswellknownthattheChinesehavegreatrespectfortheirelders,andhereisanoccasiontoshowit—theChongyangFestival.Itfalls1._______________theninthdayoftheninthlunarmonth.InChinese,nine2._______________(regard)asthenumberof“yang”.Theninthdayoftheninthmonthisthedaythathastwo“yang”numbers,and“chong”inChinesemeansdouble,whichis3._______________thename“Chongyang”cameintobeing.ThefestivalcandatebacktotheWarringStatesPeriod.However,itwasnot4._______________(formal)setasafestivaluntiltheTangDynasty.In1989,theChinesegovernment5._______________(declare)theninthdayoftheninthlunarmonthtobeSeniors’Day—adaytorespect6._______________elderlyandtoletthemenjoy7._______________(they).Traditionally,peopleclimbmountains,drinkchrysanthemum（菊花）wine,andeatdoubleninthcakes.SincecakeinChineseispronounced“gao”meaning“high”,peopleconsiderclimbingahighmountaintobethesameaseatingcakeinthehopeof8._______________(promote)tohighpositions.Andpeopleoftenthinkthatchrysanthemumwinecangetridofallkindsofdiseasesand9._______________(disaster).Todaymanyactivitiesareheld10._______________(show)respectfortheseniorslikeorganizingatripforthem,sendingthemgiftsandmoreonthedayofthefestival.【课后练习】应用文写作假如你是李华.你的美国笔友