英语国家概况New-Zealand课件

Newzealand1122英语国家概况New_ZealandGeographyTheGeographicalFeatures:NewZealandisintheSouthernPacificOcean,halfwaybetweentheequatorandtheSouthPole.It

is

locatedwithintheRingofFire,aregionencirclingthePacificOceanwherethemovementoftectonicplates板块leadstovolcanicandseismic[5saIzmIk]地震activity.(新西兰是南太平洋，位于赤道和南极。这是位于内的火环，环绕在构造板块的运动导致的火山和地震活动的太平洋地区)英语国家概况New_ZealandIthastwomainislands:NorthIslandandSouthIsland.MtCook(库克山):thehighestpeak,3,754metershigh;LakeTaupo(陶波湖):thelargestlake,covering606sqkm;itis40kmlongand27kmwide.Inthesurroundingareaarenumerousgeysersandhotsprings.TheClutha(该克卢撒):thelargestriver,336kmlongintheSouthIsland.英语国家概况New_ZealandLarge,longgroupofislandsfromNorthtoSouthTwomainlandmasses（陆地）:NorthIslandSouthIslandSeparatedbytheCookStrait（库克海峡）ThirdlargestIslandisStewartIslandSouthofSouthIslandCapital:Wellington(惠灵顿）LargestCity:Auckland（奥克兰） TheLand英语国家概况New_ZealandNorthIslandVolcanoes(火山）MountainsSouthIslandMountainchainsLakes,rivers,inlets（入口）Cool,rainy,forested英语国家概况New_ZealandClimateTheclimateofNewZealandisgenerallytemperate,butbecausethecountryrunsnorthsouth,theclimateisvaried.英语国家概况New_ZealandNewzealand'sclimateisdominatedbytwomaingeographicalfeatures--theseaandthemountains.SincethesmalllandmassofNewZealandissurroundedbyalargeexpanseofocean,theclimateofNewZealandistemperateoceanic,whichmeansthattheseasonalvariationsinNewZealandaremuchslighterthanincontinentalcountries.英语国家概况New_ZealandMajorcitieswellington（惠灵顿）isthecaptialofnewzealand.locatedatthesoutherntipofthenorthisland,itistheworld'smostsoutherncaptial.intermsofpopulation,itisnewzealand'ssecondlargestcity.Auckland(奥克兰）,locatedinthenorthernpartofthenorthislandAuckland,locatedinthenorthernpartofthenorthisland,isthelargestcityinnewzealand.ithasabout1.5millioninhabitants,one-thirdofthecountry'sentirepopulation.inthemaorilanguage,aucklandmeans"thecityof100lovers".itearnedthisnamebecauseitwasaplacedesiredbyallandconqueredbymany.英语国家概况New_ZealandHistoryDiscoveryOfNewZealandNewZealandasaColony(作为一个殖民地)NewZealandasaDominion(新西兰为自治领)NewZealandasaRealm(新西兰成为王国）英语国家概况New_ZealandDiscoveryThefirstinhabitants（第一批居民）Polynesian（波利尼西亚）people,ancestorsoftheMaoris（毛利人）betweenaround700and2000yearsagocooperate,compete,fightwitheachother——developedtheirdistinctMorioriculture（不同的毛利人文化.）TheDutchexplorer

AbelTasmanThefirstEuropean（阿贝尔塔斯曼）duringhisvoyageof1642-43Withoutsettingfootashore（上岸）crew（船员）killed.英语国家概况New_ZealandNewzealandasaColonyColony(1840~1907)英语国家概况New_ZealandThefirstsignificantvoyage（航行）ofdiscoverywasundertakenbyJamesCook,whobeganextensiveexploratonoftheislandsin1769.ItwasCook（库克）whoprovedthatNewZealandconsistedoftwoislands.Cook’svoyageeventuallyledtotheeuropeancolonizationofit.AnincreasingnumberofsettlerscametoNewZealandeithertotradeortobuylandforfarming（越来越多的定居者来到新西兰的任何贸易或买地耕作）.ThecaptainCook

英语国家概况New_ZealandNewZealandbecameaBritishcolony:signingoftheTreatyofWaitangi（签署怀唐伊条约）

In1840,BritishrepresentativesoftheBritishCrownandchiefsofthenativeMaorissignedtheTreatyofWaitangi.（1840，土著毛利人和英国代表英国王室的首领签署条约）英语国家概况New_ZealandContentsofthetreaty:（条约的内容）英语国家概况New_ZealandTheimpactofthetreatyonNewZealandnow:（条约在新西兰现在的影响）英语国家概况New_ZealandNewZealandasaDominion英语国家概况New_ZealandFromacolonytoadominion:

In1907,NewZealandchangedfromaBritishcolonytoaseparatedominion,equalinstatustoAustraliaandCanada.英语国家概况New_ZealandSixstagesofNewZealandasaDominion⑴In1907,fromaBritishcolonytoaseparatedominion(1907年,从英国殖民地独立的统治)⑵DuringWorldWarⅠ,NewZealandenthusiasticallybackedBritainandsufferedlargecasualties.(第一次世界大战期间Ⅰ、新西兰热情地支持英国,遭受了巨大的人员伤亡)⑶Inthelate1920s,encounteredeconomyproblemsandtookmeasurestosolvethem.(在1920年代末,遇到经济问题和采取措施解决这些问题。)⑷InworldWarⅡonceagainsufferedextraordinarycasualties.(在世界大战Ⅱ再次遭受了非同寻常的伤亡。)⑸AfterworldWarⅡ,NewZealandenteredintoaperiodofsustained(持续的)economygrowth,anditstrengtheneditsrelationship(关系)withtheUnitedStates.⑹In1947,NewZealandwastotalindependencefromBritain.⑺In1983,theterm“dominion”wasreplacedwith“realm”.英语国家概况New_ZealandNewZealandsignedtheANZUSTreaty（TheAustralia,NewZealand,UnitedStatesSecurityTreaty澳新美公约)withtheUnitedStatesandAustralia.In1951英语国家概况New_ZealandNewZealandasaRealmNuclearPolicyandDavidRussellLange英语国家概况New_ZealandFamousPrimeMinister英语国家概况New_ZealandGovernmentIndependentStateConstitutionalmonarchywithaparliamentarydemocracy(君主立宪制和议会民主制)Nowrittenconstitution,buttheConstitutionAct(宪法法案)of1986definesthestructureofthegovernment.ThreebranchesofgovernmentLegislative(parliament)(立法(国会))Executive(departmentsandagencies)(主管(部门和机构))Judicial(courts)HeadofState:QueenElizabethII(女王伊丽莎白二世),representedbyaGovernor-GeneralRoleismainlyceremonial,realpoliticalpowerisheldbythePrimeMinisterwhoisheadofthegovernment(作用主要是礼仪,真正的政治权力是由总理举行的政府)英语国家概况New_ZealandTheLegislatureParliament(议会)developedfromtheBritishparliamentarysystem(英国议会制度称)knownastheWestminstersystem(威斯敏斯特体系)ofgovernment,andisthelaw-makingbodyoftheNewZealandgovernment.ConsistsofSovereign(君主)andHouseofRepresentatives(众议院)Theexecutive-ThebranchoftheNewZealandgovernmentismadeoftheCabinet,thePrimeMinisterandthepublicsector.(新西兰政府的分支是由内阁,首相和公共部门)-TheGovernorGeneralisappointedbytheSovereignonthePrimeMinister'srecommendationforatermoffiveyears.(总督任命的主权在总理的推荐词的五年)ThejudiciaryTheJudiciaryappliesthelawbyhearinganddecidingcases.ItismadeupofjudgesandjudicialofficersThe

judiciary

(court

system)

is

independent

of

the

government英语国家概况New_ZealandPeopleAsmentionedearlier,NewZealandisamulti-ethniccountry,includingthePacificpeople(from)thePacific,Asia,theMiddleEast,LatinAmerica,Europe,andthelocalMaori.NewZealandpeoplewarmandfriendly,mostpeoplepreferoutdooractivities.(如前所述，新西兰是一个多种族国家，其中包括太平洋人（来自太平洋地区），亚洲、中东、拉美、欧洲人、以及当地的毛利人。新西兰人热情友好，大部分人喜爱户外运动)英语国家概况New_ZealandMaoriIndigenouspeople14.6%ofthepopulationin2006MostlivenowinurbanareasKinshipandtribalrolestillveryimportant英语国家概况New_ZealandEcologyandEconomyNolandmammals(哺乳动物)until1,000yearsagoLotsofflightless(不会飞的)birdsKiwibird(奇异鸟)Livestock(牲畜)importanttoeconomy.SheepAgriculturealsoimportantKiwi-fruitForestry(林业),Fishing,Geoenergy(地表热能)Lessthan4millionconsumers,soeconomydependentonexportsServiceprovider,consulting英语国家概况New_ZealandLanguagesBothEnglishandMaoriareofficiallanguagesofNewZealand.Inapril2006NewZealandbecomethefirstcountrytodeclaresignlanguageasanofficiallanguage,alongsideEnglishandMaori.(英语和毛利语是新西兰的官方语言。在四月2006新西兰成为第一个宣布手语作为官方语言的国家，除了英语和毛利。)MaoriisonlyusedinNewZealandandnowhereelseintheworld.despiteitsofficialstatus,thelanguagecontinuestostruggleforlife.ItisonlyrecentlythattheMaorilanguagehasgatheredwidespreadsupport.（毛利仅用于在新西兰和世界官方地位没有别的语言，继续奋斗的生活。直到最近，毛利人的语言已聚集了广泛的支持）英语国家概况New_ZealandEducationEducation

in

New

Zealand

Education

is

freely

available

to

everyone.

Ne