浙江省宁波市高三上学期第一次模拟考试英语试题（原卷版）

宁波市2023学年第一学期高考模拟考试英语试卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍1.Whathastheweatherbeenlikerecently?A.Reallycold.B.Reallywet.C.Reallydry.2.What'swrongwiththehat?A.It'stoosmall.B.IthasthebrightcolorC.It'swornonthewrongside.3.Whenisthewomanlikelytobuyaputer?A.InJune.B.InJuly.C.InSeptember.4.Whydoesthemangetuplate?A.HestayeduplatelastnightB.Hedoesn'thavetoworktoday.C.Heforgottosetanalarmclock5.Wheremightthespeakersberightnow?A.Onthefourteenthfloor.B.Inanelevator.C.Onthestairs第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段长对话，回答小题。6.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthestory?A.It'stoolong.B.It'sveryexciting.C.It'sconfusing.7.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.ReadthewholebookB.Writeashortstoryherself.C.Borrowacopyofthebook.听下面一段长对话，回答小题。8.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inastudio.B.Inthestreet.C.Intheoffice.9.Howdidthewomansoundatthebeginningoftheconversation?A.Angry.B.Curious.C.Satisfied.10.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Takeoutthegarbage.B.Cleanoffthedust.C.Tidyuphisdesk.听下面一段长对话，回答小题。11.Wheredoesthespeakerswork?A.Inaconstructionpany.B.Inarealestateagency.C.Inatourpany.12.Whatisunderconstructionatthewaterfront?A.Anewcinema.B.Asportsplex.C.Aswimmingpool.13.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Meetahouseowner.B.Updatetheonlinelist.C.Viewanapartment.听下面一段长对话，回答小题。14.What'stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Fatheranddaughter.15.Whichforeignlanguagedoesthewomanspeakbest?A.German.B.French.C.Italian.16.Whydoesthewomanwanttogoabroad?A.Tolearnanewlanguage.B.Totravelwithherfriends.C.Togetvaluableexperience.17.WhatdoesthemanthinkaboutthefoodinParis?A.Expensive.B.Delicious.C.Simple.听下面一段独白，回答小题。18.WhatisBrianKane?A.Atruckdriver.B.Arubbishcollector.C.Aprofessionalclimber.19.WhydidBrianaskforleaveonhis30tbirthday?A.TovisitNepal.B.TovolunteeronMountQomolangma.C.ToreachthesummitofMountQomolangma20.WhichcanaccuratelydescribeBrianKane'sbehavior?A.Honestandsensitive.B.Braveandhardworking.C.Generousandambitious.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AInSeptember,thousandsofmonuments,civicbuildingsandprivatehomesthrowopentheirdoorstoofferarareglimpseofnormallyoflimitsspaces.HerearesomelessknowntreasuresaroundtheUK.GuidedtourofGladstone’sLibrary,HawardenGladstone’sLibraryinHawardenwillberunningspecialtoursaspartoftheOpenDoorsWalesfestival.ItwasbuiltasamemorialtoprimeministerWiliamGladstope,TakeatourofbeautifulReadingRoomshousing150,000books.September16,10am2pm,bookingrequired.BritanniaPanopticonMusicHall,GlasgowTheatmosphericBritanniaPanopticonwillbeshowingoffitscollectionoftheatricalrelics,propsandcostumes.SampleVictorianitemsattheworld’soldestsurvivingmusichallwithoutbooking.September15and16,11am5pmandSeptember17,12pm5pmGothicTemple,StoweGardensVisitorstoStoweGardenswillbeofferedararechancetoseeinsidethe18thcenturyGothicTemple.Thoughit’snormallyrentedasaholidaylet,itscircularroomsandmosaicceilingswillbeopentoprebookedvisitorsforoneweekend.September16and17,10:30am4:30pm,freeofchargeAppletonTower:SchoolofInformatics,EdinburghUniversityAspartofScotland’sDoorsOpenDaysfestival,EdinburghUniversity’sAppletonTowerwillbeofferingtoursoftheworldleadingSchool,includingavisittothestudysuiteonLevel9whichoffersfarreachingviewsoftheEdinburghskyline.September23,11am2pm,bookinginadvance.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoatBritanniaPanopticonMusicHall?A.TheycanappreciatetheatrerelateditemsB.TheycanlistentotheoldestsurvivingmusicC.Theycanvisitastudyroomwithfarreachingscenery.D.TheycanreadinReadingRoomswith150,000booksinstore.2.Whichofthefollowingwillappealtoarchitecturefans?A.GothicTemple.StoweGardensB.BritanniaPanopticonMusicHall,Glasgow.C.GuidedtourofGladstone’sLibrary.HawardenD.AppletonTower:SchoolofInformatics,EdinburghUniversity3.WhatdoGuidedtourofGladstone’sLibraryandAppletonTowerhaveinmon?A.Theybothlastforfourhours. B.TheybothrequireearlyreservationsC.Theybothhonorworldfamousfigures D.Theybothofferspecialviewstovisitors.BIwasinvitedtobeaninstructoratahighschoolleadershipcampinMichigan.Aboutanhourintothefirstday,obviousdisfortandshynessofaboycaughtmyeye.Icouldsensethatthiswholeexperiencewasforeigntohim.Heneededafriend.Iwalkedtowardshim,mademyfirstinteractionbutfailed.Atlunchthenextday,asthecamperseagerlyparticipatedinthecampsong,mygazewanderedovernoiseandwascaughtbytheboyunderthetree,sittingaloneandstaringoutofthewindow.Itriedagain,withthesamequestionsasbefore.Heagainreplied,“Yeah,I’mallright.Ijustdon’treallygetintothisstuff.”AsIleftthecafeteria,Irealizedthiswasgoingtotakemoretimeandeffortifitwasevenpossibletogetthroughtohimatall.DaysflewwithmespendingmoretimewithhimandfinallycamethecampnightwhenIsawwhatwouldbeoneofthemostvividmemoriesofmylife.Theboy,onceconfinedtotheshadowsofthetree,wasadancingwonder.Iwatchedashesharedthemeaningfultimewithpeopleatwhomhecouldn’tevenlookjustdaysearlier.Icouldn’tbelieveitwasthesameperson.Afewmonthsafterthecamp,Ireceivedanunexpectedcallfromtheboy,whoinformedmeofhisongoingimmigrationtoaforeigncountry.Alongpausefollowedandthenhesaid,“Iwentbacktoschoolwithconfidence.Imadenewfriends.Mygradeswentup.Thepastfewmonthswerethebestofmylife.”Inthatinstant,Irealizedhoweasyitistogiveabitofyourselfeveryday.Youmayneverknowhowmucheachgesturemaymeantosomeoneelse.ItellthisstoryasoftenasIcan,andwhenIdo,Iurgeotherstolookoutfortheirown“boyunderthetree”.4.Howdidtheboyfeelatthebeginningoftheleadershipcamp?A.Anxiousandbored. B.Uneasyandlonely.C.Proudandenthusiastic. D.fortableandconfident.5.Whatdidtheauthorsuggestbymentioning“adancingwonder”inParagraph3?A.Theboywasexpertindancing. B.Theboybecamethefocusofthecamp.C.Theboycontributedconsiderablytothecampnight. D.Theboybegantoopenupandsocializewithothers.6.Theboycalledtheauthormainlyto.A.showoffhisrecentprogress B.expresshisgratitudetotheauthorC.recallthebestmemoriesinthecamp D.shareconcernsabouttheapproachingimmigration7.Whatmessagedoesthestoryconvey?A.CampshelpstudentsshapetheircharacterB.Everystudenthastheopportunitytoshine.CSincerecaremakesadifferencetostudents’growth.D.Reservedstudentsfacemorechallengesintheirlives.CWhendriving,ClaraMarinaMartineztakesdownanyunusualbehavioursheseesontheroad.Shethenfeedstheseintomachinelearningalgorithms(算法),aformofAI,whichareintendedtoproduceasystemreliableenoughforacartodriveitselfwithoutanydisturbancefromthedriver,andcopewithallsituationsontheroad.Butthisprovinghardtoachieve,carmakerschoosetoscalebackmanyattemptstodoso.Lastyear,forinstance,Uber,aridehailingservice,soldoffitsunitdevelopingselfdrivingcarsatalowprice.Autonomousvehiclesareboastedasbeingnotjustconvenientbutpotentiallysafer.However,justaspeopletaketimetolearnhowtodrivesafely,machinesarenoexception.TheRANDCorporation,anAmericanthinktank,calculatesthattodevelopasystem20%saferthanahumandriver,afleetof100selfdrivingcarswouldhavetooperate24hoursaday,365daysayear,andcover14billionkilometres.Ataverageroadspeeds,thatwouldtakeabout400years.CarmakerssuchasPorschethereforeacceleratethedevelopmentprocessusingsimulators(模拟器).Theseteachsoftwareaboutdangeronlyrarelyencounteredinreality.DrMartinezandhercolleaguesemploy“gameengines”,theprogramsthatgeneratephotorealisticimagesinputergames,todothis.Theseareusedtocreatevirtualworldsthroughwhichthesoftwarecandrive.Howquickly,ifever,allthiswilltranslateintorealityremainstobeseen.Bothregulatorsandcustomerswillneedtooveredoubtthatasoftwaredriverreallycanbesaferthanhuman.FromPorsche’spointofview,though,thereisoneotherrelevantquestion.Giventhatmuchofthereasonforowningasportscarisforownerstoshowoffwhattheyregardastheirdrivingskills,justhowbigamarketwilltherebeforaversionwheresoftwaretakesthoseboastingrightsaway?8.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“scaleback”meaninParagraph1?A.Make B.Overlook. C.Encourage. D.Reduce.9.Thelearningprocessofautonomousvehicles’safedrivingcanbedescribedas___________.A.timeconsuming B.fastpaced C.thoughtprovoking D.welldesigned10.WhatchallengedoautonomousvehiclesbringtoPorsche?A.Ensuringthepleasureofdriving B.Makingtheirsportscarsaffordable.C.Removingpublicdoubtsaboutsafety. D.Integratinggameenginesintotheirvehicles.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Porsche:SportsCarsatRisk B.SelfdrivingCars:StillSomeWaytoGoC.Simulators:TheCoreofAutonomousVehicles D.MachineLearningAlgorithms:TheArrivalofAlDGoldfishmayseemlikesimplecreaturesswimminginaglasstankbuttheypossessaratherplicatednavigationsystem,asdiscoveredbyresearchersattheUniversityofOxfordLedbyDr.AdelaideSibeaux,thestudyaimstoshedlightonourunderstandingofhowfish,andpotentiallyhumans,estimatedistancesusingwhatcouldbedescribedasaninternalGPS.WritinginthejournalProceedingsoftheRoyalSocietyB,Sibeauxandcolleaguesreporthowtheycreatedatankintheirexperimentwith2cmwideblackandwhiteverticalstripes(条纹)onthewalls,connectedbysimilarstripesacrossthefloor.Theteamtrainedninegoldfishtoswimasetdistanceof70cmandthenreturntotheirstartingpointwhenwavedat.Theexperimentaimedtoinvestigatehowthefishwouldestimatethisdistancewithoutanygestures,underdifferentpatterns.Overmultipletrials,thegoldfishaveragedaswimdistanceof74cm,giveortake17cm,whenpresentedwiththevertical2cmwidestripes.However,whenthestripepatternwasalteredtoeithernarrowerverticalstripes,checkedpatterns,orhorizontalstripes,thefish’sbehaviorchangedsignificantly.Narrowerverticalstripesledthemtooverestimatingthedistanceby36%,whilehorizontalstripesresultedinhighlyinconsistentestimations.Accordingtotheresearchers,thegoldfishappearedtobeusingan“optic(光学的)flowmechanism”basedonthevisualdensityoftheirenvironment.Theykepttrackofhowfrequentlytheverticalpatternswitchedbetweenblackandwhitetoestimatehowfartheyhadtraveled.Thestudysuggeststhatdifferentopticflowmechanismsareusedbymammals,includinghumans,basedonangular(有角度的)motionofvisualfeatures.Thestudyimpliesthattheuseofvisuallybaseddistanceinformationcouldhaveemergedearlyintheevolutionarytimeline.“Thisstudyisnovelbecause,despiteknowingthatfishrespondtogeometricinformationregardingdirectionanddistance,wedon’tknowhowtheyestimatedistances,”ProfessorColinLever,althoughnotinvolvedinthestudy,said,“it’sexcitingtoexplorefishspatialmappingbecausefishnavigationevolvedearlierandbetterthanmostmammals.”12.WhydidDr.AdelaideSibeauxconductthestudyongoldfish?A.Totesttheaccuracyofgoldfish’sinternalGPS.B.TocreateanadvancednavigationsystemforhumansC.TouncoverhowaninbuiltGPShelpscalculatedistances.D.Toexploretherelationshipsbetweengoldfishandhumans13.Whatcanwelearnabouttheexperiment?A.PeoplegesturedthegoldfishthroughouttheexperimentB.ThetankwasdecoratedwithcolorfulbackgroundpatternsC.Goldfishtendedtounderestimatedistanceswithhorizontalstripes.DThechangeinthetanksettingledtothegoldfish'sincorrectjudgment.14.Itcanbeconcludedfromthefourthparagraphthat____________.A.opticflowmechanismisuniquetohumansB.mammalsdevelopedflowmechanismlongbeforegoldfishC.goldfishevaluatedthedistancewithmultidimensionalvisualinformationD.visualdensityoftheenvironmentstrengthenedthelocatingabilityofgoldfish15.WhatattitudedoesProfessorColinholdtowardsthestudy?A.Neutral. B.Ambiguous. C.Disapproving. D.Favorable.第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whatgivesyourlifemeaning?Itisanimportantandnaturalpracticalquestionthatweallaskourselvesattimes.Itcirclesaroundthenotionofhavingapurposeandareasontowakeupandmoveforwardinourlives.___16___Isittimetobringitbackontrack?Here’showtogetstarted.TreatyourdepressionYourdepressionemptiesyourenergyanddamagesyourmotivation.___17___Therefore,thekeyhereistakingactionnomatterwhatyoustartwith:tacklingthedepressiondirectlythroughtakingmedicinesorconsultingdoctorstogetyoumovingforward.Whattheactionismatterslessthantakingactionitself.GetoutofyourheadintoyouremotionIfyouareheavilydrivenbywhatyoushoulddo,youneedtostartrewiringyourbraintouseyouremotionsasinformation.___18___Onceyounoticethem,dosomethingconcretewiththemagain,act.Thatishowyoulearntotrustyouremotionsandusethemtoguideyou,andhowyourewireyourbrain.Explore,experimentYoucan’tfigureoutyoursenseofpurposebysittingonthecouchandthinkingitover.___19___Youalsoneedtofocusondoingdifferentexperimentswithbeingbold,andtakingacceptablerisks.Thepathtodiscoveringorreignitingyoursenseofpurposeisnotaboutmakinganewdecisionbutfocusingontheprocessthatleadstothatdecision.___20___A.Hence,youremotionsareyoursourceofpassion,desire,andenergy.B.Itmaybecausedbyphysicaloremotionallimitationsthattakeawayjoy.C.However,formany,thatsenseofpurposehasbeenabsentforlongstretches.D.Withoutthem,youdon’tmakethechangesthatcanpullyououtofthedepression.E.Instead,youneedtoexplore,trythingsandseewhatsticks,whatworks,whatdoesn’t.F.Startbyfocusingonthoseslightestfeelingstellingyouwhatyouwantanddon’twant.G.Therefore,youneedtoclearawayobstaclesthatkeepyoufromactingandmovingforward.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Thefourpeoplehavepersuadedpaniestogivethem￡250,000worthoftoysandfoodfornothing.AndnextMonday,theyaregoingto___21___themtoeveryhouseacrossnorthLondon.DavidGoodfellowandhisthreefriends,BennyCrane,JamesHunterandCallumTeach,callthemselves“TheKindnessOffensive”.Theyspecialisein___22___randomactsofkindnessfortotal___23___.Accordingtothem,itisremarkablyeasytogetholdofitemstogiveaway,ifyou___24___.“Yousimplyphone___25___manufacturerstoseeiftheyarewillingtodonatesomething.”MrGoodfellowexplains.“Ourphonebillsareenormous,but___26___youreachsomeonesympathetic.”Thefourfriends___27___theirworktogetherayearago.“Atfirst,mostpeopleweredeeplysuspicious,”saidMrCrane,amusician.“Theydidn’tthinkwe’d___28___ourpromises.”Butthegroupsoonlearnedhowtodoitproperlyandconvincepeopleoftheirgood___29___.Theirfirstsuccessful“kindnessact”wastohelp___30___aboy’sdreamofwatchingafootballmatchand,lastOctober,theygavefreefoodto___31___seekers.“We’vemetpeoplestrugglingjusttolive,”saidMrHunter,“they___32___wanttocontributetosocietybuttheycan’tworkandtheydon’tfinditeasyeventobuyfood.”TheKindnessOffensivegoestogreatlengthsto___33___mediaexposurebuttheywouldliketoseemorepeopleperformingkinddeedsforoneanother.“WhatI’velearntisthatkindnessis___34___,”David’sfathersaid,“___35___youdogooddeeds,you’llgetalotoutofitandotherswillfollow.”21.A.lead B.distribute C.attach D.apply22.A.carryingout B.workingout C.makingout D.bringingout23.A.children B.customers C.strangers D.friends24.A.adapt B.depart C.concentrate D.persist25.A.familiar B.overseas C.endless D.aimless26.A.initially B.ultimately C.unfortunately D.naturally27.A.launched B.concluded C.advertised D.gathered28.A.lookforwardto B.payattentionto C.passonto D.liveupto29.A.strategies B.intentions C.methods D.routines30.A.found B.affect C.obtain D.fulfill31.A.status B.power C.shelter D.peace32.A.reluctantly B.eagerly C.patiently D.passively33.Aavoid B.double C.encourage D.oppose34.A.plex B.reasonable C.influential D.accurate35.A.though B.unless C.until D.if第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TaiChi,alsonotedasTaijiquan,isatraditionalChinesemartialartthathasevolvedintoapopularformofexerciseandmeditation.___36___(originate)fromChina'sFujianProvince,TaiChihasahistoryofover1,000yearsandisdeeplyrootedinChinesephilosophyandculture.It___37___(characterize)byslow,flowingmovementsthatpromotebalance,___38___(flexible),andrelaxation.Inrecentyears,TaiChi___39___(gain)worldwiderecognitionforitshealthbenefits.StudieshaveshownthatpracticingTaiChicanalsobehelpfulforpeople___40___(reduce)theriskoffallsinolderadults.TaiChiisoftenpractisedingroupsorclasses,___41___studentslearnfromaqualifiedinstructor.TherearemanydifferentstylesofTaiChi,each___42___itsownuniquesetofmovementsandtechniques.Beginnersareencouragedtostartwiththemostbasicmovementsand___43___(gradual)builduptheirskillsandknowledgeovertime.___44___youarelookingforalowimpactexercise,awaytoreducestress,oracloseconnectiontoChineseculture,TaiChiofferssomethingforeveryone.Withregularpractice,youcanexperiencethetransformativepowerofthisancientartformanddiscover____45____deepersenseofbalanceandharmonyinyourlife.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假如你是李华，你的外国朋友Albert想了解中国高中生对于是否需要开设学生职业生涯规划(careerplanning)课程的想法，请你写一封信给他，内容包括：1.你的观点2.你的理由；3.你的建议。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答DearAlbert,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。AtonetimechildrenmadeMayDaybasketstocelebratespringandenjoytherewardsofgivingsurprisinggiftstotheirbelovedones.WhenIwasinperhapsthethirdgrade,ourclasstookonsuchanadventure.Forseveraldays,weworkedoncreatingpaperbaskets.Wecutcolorfulstripesofconstructionpaperandwovethemtogether,followingourteacher,MissAnderson.Wecutandwoveandglued.Thenwedecoratedthemwithourcrayonsandmorecuttingandgluing.Finally,wefittedpaperhandlesontothetopssothatwecouldsecretlyhangourcreationsonthedoorsofunsuspectingreceivers:surelyourmothers.Wewerefinishedrightontime.MissAndersonbroughtarmloadsofflowersforustouseinstuffingourprizes.Lilac