2020-2021学年通用版高一英语专题精练学案5月第01期（考点01阅读理解）

考点01阅读理解——20202021学年高一英语专题同步精练学案：（1）安徽省合肥市第六中学20202021学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题ADiscoverNatureSchoolsprogramsBeingBears(Kindergarten2grade)Bybeingbabybears,childrenlearnfromtheir“parent”tosurvivetheseasons.Kidswillfindsafetyinthespringandlearnkindsoffoodbearseatduringthesummer,andthencreateacaveforwinterhibernation(冬眠).Afterlearningtheskillsneededtosurvive,studentswillgooutofthecaveasanindependentblackbearabletocareforthemselves.(1.52hours)WhoseClues?(35grade)Kidswilldiscoverhowplantsandanimalsusetheirspecialstructurestosurvive.Throughoutdoorstudyofplantsandanimals,kidswillrecognizetheirspecialstructuresandlearnhowtheyenablespeciestoeat,avoidtheirenemiesandsurvive.Usingwhattheyhavelearned,kidswillchooseonespeciesandtellhowtheysurviveintheirlivingplaces.(34hours)WingedWonders(35grade)Birdsaddcolorandsoundtoourworldandplayanimportantecological(生态的)role.Studentswilllearnthebasicsofbirds,understandtherolebirdsplayinfoodchainsandgobirdwatchingusingfieldguidesandtelescopes.Studentswilldohandsonactivities.Studentswillusetoolstobuildbirdfeeders,allowingthemtoattractbirdsathome.(34hours)ExploringYourWatershed(68grade)Wealldependoncleanwater.Examininghowouractionsshapethewaterwaysaroundus.Goonahiketoseefirsthandsomeofthechallengingwaterqualityproblemsinacity.Studentswilltestthewaterqualitytodeterminethehealthofanecosystem.●Eachprogramistaughtforaclasswithatleast10students.●Allprogramsincludeplentyoftimeoutdoors.Sopleaseprepareproperclothing,sunscreenandinsectkillersforchildren.●Totakepartinaprogram,pleaseemaildcprograms@.1．WhatcankidsdoatBeingBears?A．Watchbears’performances.B．TakecareofbearsC．Learnhowtosurviveabearattack.D．Pretendtobebabybearstolearnaboutbears.2．Kidswhoareinterestedinplantswillchoose______________.A．WhoseClues? B．ExploringyourWatershedC．BeingBears D．WingedWonders3．Accordingtothepassage,allthefourprograms_____________.A．havethesameteachinghours B．haveoutdooractivitiesC．areofferedduringsummerholidays D．aredesignedforprimaryschoolstudents【答案】1．D2．A3．B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了让学生了解和体验大自然的课程的相关信息。1．细节理解题。由BeingBears中的“Bybeingbabybears,childrenlearnfromtheir“parent”tosurvivetheseasons.”可知，通过成为熊宝宝，孩子可以从“熊父母”那里学到生存的技能。所以孩子们在BeingBears能假装成小熊来学习关于熊的一些知识。故D选项正确。2．细节理解题。由WhoseClues?中的“Kidswilldiscoverhowplantsandanimalsusetheirspecialstructurestosurvive”可知，孩子们会发现植物和动物是如何利用它们的特殊结构来生存的。所以对植物感兴趣的孩子会选择WhoseClues。故A选项正确。3．细节理解题。由BeingBears中的“studentswillgooutofthecaveasanindependentblackbearabletocareforthemselves”.WhoseClues中的“Throughoutdoorstudyofplantsandanimals”.WingedWonders中的“gobirdwatchingusingfieldguidesandtelescopes.”和ExploringYourWatershed中的“Allprogramsincludeplentyoftimeoutdoors”可知，学生们将作为一只能够照顾自己的独立的黑熊走出洞穴。通过对植物和动物的户外研究。并使用野外指南和望远镜观察鸟类。所有项目都包括大量的户外活动。所以根据这篇文章，四个项目都有户外活动。故B选项正确。BForsomepeople,highereducationisnotjustagoalinlife,butalsoanexpectation.IntheUnitedStates,ifyourparentsattendedacollegeoruniversity,thereisagoodchancethatyouwill,too.Evenifyourparentsdidnotgotocollege,youstillhaveagoodchanceofpletinghighereducationifyourfamilyiswealthy.Butyourchancesarereducedifyouefromaneedyfamily,amunitywithlimitededucationalresourcesoryousimplyhavenoonetofollowasanexample.Helpingthoseinneedisoneofthemainideasbehindastrategyofbehavioralsciencecallednudgetheoryornudging.Nudgingisawayofchangingpeople'sbehaviorthroughindirectsuggestionandbysupportingpositiveactions.AgrowingnumberofU.S.collegesanduniversitieslooktonudgingasawaytosupportpoor,minorityandfirstgenerationstudents.Theyalsoareusingittoincreaseoverallgraduationrates.Twomonformsofnudgingareemailstostudentsandtextmessagestotheirmobilephones.Schoolsandothereducationalorganizationskeepincontactwithstudentsthisway,offeringadviceandhelpwhenneeded.However,AlejandraAcosta—ahighereducationpolicyexpertatNewAmerica—notesthatthereareseveralqualitiesanudgecampaignmustpossessinordertobesuccessful.Acostasaysmessagesmustbetimely,meaningtheyreachcollegestudentswellbeforethedatebywhichastudentisrequiredtotakeaction.Additionallynudgesshouldbewrittenclearlyandprovideasmuchinformationaspossible.Ifstudentsstarttostruggleinclass,schoolofficialsshouldnotjustmessagethem,sayingtheyshouldseekacademicsupport.Themessageshouldgiveinformationaboutwhatkindsofsupportthecollegeoruniversityoffersandexactlyhowthestudentcanmakeuseofthem.Thatiswhynudgesshouldpossessinteractivequalities,Acostasays.Forexample,studentsshouldbeabletoaskquestionsofschoolofficialsorbedirectedtoawebsiteformoreinformation.Inaddition,collegesanduniversitiesmustensuretheirsupportservicesareinplaceandworkingasbesttheycan.Whennudgeswork,theycandoalotofgood.In2018,anonprofitgrouplaunchedanudgingcampaignatfourU.S.munitycolleges.Theyworkedwithnearly10.000firstyearstudentsatthreesuchcollegesinOhioandoneinVirginia.Arecentstudyfoundthatolderandminoritystudentswhoagreedtoreceivethesenudgeswere16to20percentmorelikelytocontinueintotheirsecondyearthanthosewhodidnot.4．Whoismostlikelytoreceiveandpletehighereducationaccordingtothepassage?A．Tony,whosefatheristheonlybreadwinnerinthefamily.B．Jimmy,whosemotherisaworkerinasmallfactory.C．Betty,whosegrandmotherisahousemaidofafamousuniversityprofessor.D．Cathy,whoseparentsfailedtoattendcollegebutsucceededinstartingabigpany.5．Whatcanweknowaboutnudging?A．Itisrootedinpsychologicalscience.B．Itisawaytoimprovepeople’smind.C．Itoffersconcreteanddirectadvice.D．Ithelpsstudentsviaemailsandtextmessages.6．Whatisthepassagemainlytalkingabout?A．Theproblemwithhighereducation.B．Awayforcollegestosupportstudents.C．Thepopularityofnudgingcampaign.D．Anationalcampaigndealingwithpoverty.【答案】4．D5．D6．B【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章从有些人接受高等教育存在困难的现象引出“助推运动”这一帮助高校学生的方法，并举了一个例子说明“助推运动”要取得成功，必须具备若干因素。4．细节理解题。根据第1段中的Evenifyourparentsdidnotgotocollege,youstillhaveagoodchanceofpletinghighereducationifyourfamilyiswealthy.可知，即使你的父母没有上过大学，如果你的家庭富有，你仍然有很大的机会完成高等教育。Cathy的父母虽然没有上大学，但是经营着一家大公司，家庭比较富裕，因此Cathy接受并完成高等教育的可能性最大。故选D项。5．细节理解题。根据第4段Twomonformsofnudgingareemailstostudentsandtextmessagestotheirmobilephones.可知，两种常见的“助推”形式是发给学生的电子邮件和发给他们的短信。由此可知，这种“助推运动”是通过给学生发电子邮件和发短信的形式帮助学生的。故选D项。6．主旨大意题。文章从有些人接受高等教育的人存在困难的现象引出“助推运动”这一帮助高校学生的方法，并提出“助推运动”要取得成功，必须具备若干因素。因此文章是介绍帮助高校学生的一个方法——“助推运动”。故选B项。COnlineprogramstofightdepressionarealreadymerciallyavailable.Whiletheysoundefficientandcostsaving,arecentstudyreportsthatthey'renoteffective,primarilybecausedepressedpatientsarenotlikelytoengagewiththemorstickwiththem.Thestudylookedatputerassistedcognitive(认知的)behavioraltherapy(CBT)andfoundthatitwasnomoreeffectiveintreatingdepressionthantheusualcarepatientsreceivefromaprimarycaredoctor.TraditionalCBTisconsideredaneffectiveformoftalktherapyfordepression,helpingpeoplechallengenegativethoughtsandchangethewaytheythinkinordertochangetheirmoodandbehaviors.However,onlineCBTprogramshavebeengainingpopularity,withtheattractionofprovidinglowcosthelpwhereversomeonehasaccesstoaputer.AteamofresearchersfromtheUniversityofYorkconductedarandomized(随机的)controltrialwith691depressedpatientsfrom83physicianpracticesacrossEngland.Thepatientsweresplitintothreegroups:onegroupreceivedonlyusualcarefromaphysicianwhiletheothertwogroupsreceivedusualcarefromaphysicianplusoneoftwoputerizedCBTprograms.Participantswerebalancedacrossthethreegroupsforage,sex,educationalbackground,severityanddurationofdepression,anduseofantidepressants(抗抑郁药).Afterfourmonths,thepatientsusingtheputerizedCBTprogramshadnoimprovementindepressionlevelsoverthepatientswhowereonlygettingusualcarefromtheirdoctors."It'sanimportant,warningnotethatweshouldn'tgettoocarriedawaywiththeideathataputersystemcanreplacedoctorsandtherapists,"saysChristopherDowrick,aprofessorofprimarymedicalcareattheUniversityofLiverpool."Wedostillneedthehumantouchorthehumaninteraction,particularlywhenpeoplearedepressed.""Beingdepressedcanmeanfeelinglostinyourownsmall,negative,darkworld,"Dowricksays.Havingaperson,insteadofaputer,reachouttoyouisparticularlyimportantinfightingthatsenseofisolation."Whenyou'reemotionallyfragile,you'reevenmoreinneedofacaringhumanbeing,"hesays.7．WhatdoestherecentstudysayaboutonlineCBTprograms?A．Patientsmaynotbeabletocarrythemthroughforeffectivecure.B．Patientscannotengagewiththemwithouttheuseofaputer.C．Theycansavepatientstroublevisitingphysicians.D．Theyhavebeenwellreceivedbyalotofpatients'8．WhathasmadeonlineCBTprogramsincreasinglypopular?A．TheireffectivenessinbatingdepressionB．Thelowefficiencyoftraditionaltalktherapy.C．Theireasyandinexpensiveaccessbypatients.D．Theremendationbyprimarycaredoctors.9．WhatisProfessorDowrick'sadviceconcerningonlineCBTprograms?A．Theyshouldnotbeneglectedinprimarycare.B．Theireffectivenessshouldnotbeoverestimated.C．Theyshouldbeusedbystrictlyfollowinginstructions.D．Theiruseshouldbeencouragedbydoctorsandtherapists.10．Whichismoreimportanttoanemotionallyvulnerableperson?A．Apositivestateofmind. B．Appropriatemedication.C．Timelyencouragement. D．Humaninteraction.【答案】7．A8．C9．B10．D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要对计算机辅助认知行为疗法（CBT）进行了研究，研究其对治疗抑郁症是否有作用。7．细节理解题。根据第一段的Whiletheysoundefficientandcostsaving,arecentstudyreportsthatthey'renoteffective,primarilybecausedepressedpatientsarenotlikelytoengagewiththemorstickwiththem.(尽管它们听起来有效而且节省开支，但最近的一项研究报告称它们并没有效果，主要是因为抑郁症患者不太可能参与它们或者坚持治疗)可知，最近的一项研究认为抑郁症患者可能不会坚持使用CBT进行有效的治疗。A.Patientsmaynotbeabletocarrythemthroughforeffectivecure.(病人可能不会坚持使用它们进行有效的治疗)符合以上说法，故选A项。8．细节理解题。根据第三段的However,onlineCBTprogramshavebeengainingpopularity,withtheattractionofprovidinglowcosthelpwhereversomeonehasaccesstoaputer.(然而，CBT治疗变得越来越受欢迎，是因为它可以提供低消费的帮助，只要人们可以使用电脑)可知CBT治疗受欢迎是因为价格低廉，且很容易获得。C.Theireasyandinexpensiveaccessbypatients.(病人可以方便、便宜地获得它们)符合以上给说法，故选C项。9．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的"It'sanimportant,warningnotethatweshouldn'tgettoocarriedawaywiththeideathataputersystemcanreplacedoctorsandtherapists,"saysChristopherDowrick,(克里斯托弗.多威克说：“这是一个重要的警告，我们不应过于相信计算机系统可以取代医生和治疗师。”)可推测ChristopherDowrick认为人们不应高估计算机系统治疗的效果。B.Theireffectivenessshouldnotbeoverestimated.(它们的效果不应被高估)符合以上说法，故选B项。10．细节理解题。根据最后一段的"Whenyou'reemotionallyfragile,you'reevenmoreinneedofacaringhumanbeing,"hesays.(他说：“当你情绪脆弱时，你更需要一个有爱心的人。”)可知，对于一个情感脆弱的人来说，人类的安慰和陪伴更重要。D.Humaninteraction.(人类的互动)符合以上说法，故选D项。DOneday,Iwasinclass,feelingfine,whenallofasuddenmyheartstartedracing.Ibrokeoutinasweat,feelinghotandcoldallover.Mychesthurt,Iwasdizzy,andIfeltlikeIcouldn’tbreathe.Everythingwentblurryaroundtheedges.SureIwasabouttofaint,Ijerkedupfrommydeskandranfromtheroom,terrified.Ididn’tcarewhattheteacherthought,orthattheeyesoftheentireclasswereonme.Ijusthadtogetoutofthere.Irantothenearestwaterfountainanddranksomewater.Forseveralminutes,Ijuststoodthereholdingontothefountain.Whatwashappening?WasIhavingaheartattack?Slowly,thelightheadednesswentaway.Myheartstoppedracing,andeveryothersymptomfadedtoo.IstillhadnoideawhathadhappenedbutIwassogladitwasover.StillIwasreallyworried.I’dneverfeltthatbadinmylife.Whatwaswrongwithme?Whatifitcameback?Andthen,anhourlater,itdidthepoundingheart,thedizziness,thefeelingthatIwasdying.Onceagain,Icouldn’tbreathe.Andthistime.therewasalsopainthroughoutmyentireupperbody.Iburstintotearsandranforthehallwayagain,actuallyafraidformylife.Myteacherranaftermeaskingwhatwaswrong.Panicking,Imanagedtochokeout,“Ineedanambulance:Please.“IwassureIwasdying.”Tomysurprise,though,myteacherdidn’tgrabherphoneforhelp.Instead,sheputherhandonmyarmandtoldmetoslowdown.“Breathe,”shesaid.“you’regoingtobeokay.Youjustneedtocalmdown.”IfeltlikeIwasgoingcrazy.HereIwastotallylosingit,andshewasactinglikenothingwaswrong!Shekeptontryingtocalmmedown,butIwasn’treadytolisten.Iwassureshedidn’tunderstandhowIfelt.Howcouldshe?Howcouldanyone?Finally,myteacherexplainedthatshewasprettysureIwashavingapanicattack.(Theyarealsocalledanxietyattacks.)Sheknew,shesaid,becausethesamethinghadhappenedtoherwhenshewasmyage.Shetoldmehowshe’dfelt,anditwasalmostexactlyhowIwasfeelingnow.Shealsoexplainedthatpanicattacksarecausedbyanxiety(basically,excessiveworryandfearthatispartofyoureverydaylife).Iwasshocked.IhadnoideathattherewasevenanameforwhatIwasfeeling,letalonethatithappenedtootherpeople,too!WhenIrealizedthatshereallydidunderstand,Ifeltsorelieved.Myteachertalkedtomyparents,andtheyfoundmeacounselortohelpmedealwithmyanxiety.I’dbeengoingthroughatoughtimethatyear.Mybestfriendhadmovedtoanewschool,andIwasn’tsurehowtofitinwiththegirlsinmyclass.I’dnevertoldanyone,though—Ijustkeptittomyself.Mycounselorhelpedmeunderstandthatnotdealingwithmyfeelingscanleadtopanicattacks,andthatIneedtotalktosomeonewhenmylifeisstressful.NowwhenIstartfeelingoverwhelmedorsad,Italktomyparentsorfriendsandmycounseloraboutwhateverisbotheringme,andtheyallhelpmesortthingsout.Thisway,I’mdealingwithmyanxietyandstressbeforeitgetsoutofcontrol.Mycounselorhasalsotaughtmesomerelaxationtechniquesandstrategiesthathelpmecalmmybodydownatthefirstsignofapanicattack.I’velearnedtotakedeepbreathsandrelaxmymuscles.OrI’llfocusonsomethingelse,orjusttellmyselfI’mgoingtobeokay.Ifonethingdoesn’twork,I’lltryanotherone.Itturnsoutthataboutoneineverytenpeoplehassomekindofananxietydisorder!Knowingthatit’smonandthatlifeisstressfulforalotofgirlsmyagehashelpedmerealizethatIdon’thavetobeashamedorembarrassedaboutit.Bysharingmystory,Iwantothergirlsmyagetoknowthatyou’renotasaloneasyoufeel,andthattalkingaboutitreallydoeshelp.11．Whathappenedtotheauthoratthebeginningofthestory?A．Shesufferedfromaterribleanxiety.B．Shecouldn’tcalmherselfdown.C．Shehadahearttrouble.D．Shefeltdizzy.12．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinsharingherstory?A．Toinformpeopleofananxietyattack.B．Togiveadviceonhowtogetoverananxietydisorder.C．Todescribeherfeelingswhensufferingfromapanicattack.D．Tohelpothergirlswhoaregoingthroughwhatshewentthrough.13．WhatisNOTtheproperwaytodealwithanxietyattacksaccordingtothepassage?A．fortingyourself.B．Focusingonsomethingelse.C．Talkingtosomebodyyoutrust.D．Takingdeepbreathsanddoingexercises.14．Thecounselorinthepassagemaybe______.A．aneducationalpsychologist B．aclinicalpsychologistC．myparentsfriend D．myteacher’sfriend15．Whichpartdoesthepassageprobablybelongtoinamagazine?A．TeenLife B．ChickensoupC．ReadforFun D．LiteraryWorld【答案】11．A12．D13．D14．B15．A【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章作者讲述了自己焦虑症发作的经历，分享自己的故事以帮助其他正在经历她所经历的痛苦的女孩。11．细节理解题。根据第一段内容及第五段Finally,myteacherexplainedthatshewasprettysureIwashavingapanicattack.(Theyarealsocalledanxietyattacks.)可知，故事开头的作者患了严重的焦虑症，故选A。12．推理判断题。答案定位在最后一段Bysharingmystory,Iwantothergirlsmyagetoknowthatyou’renotasaloneasyoufeel,andthattalkingaboutitreallydoeshelp.(通过分享我的故事，我想让其他和我同龄的女孩知道，你并不像你感觉的那么孤单，谈论这个故事确实很有帮助。)可知，作者分享她的故事的目的是，帮助其他正在经历她所经历的痛苦的女孩，故选D。13．细节理解题。答案定位在倒数第三段I’velearnedtotakedeepbreathsandrelaxmymuscles.(我学会了深呼吸，放松肌肉。)，而D选项“深呼吸，做运动”这是让肌肉紧张的，与文章内容不符，所以D选项不是处理焦虑发作的正确方法，故选D。14．推理判断题。答案定位在倒数第三段Mycounselorhasalsotaughtmesomerelaxationtechniquesandstrategiesthathelpmecalmmybodydownatthefirstsignofapanicattack.(我的咨询师还教了我一些放松技巧和策略，帮助我在出现恐慌发作的第一个迹象时让身体平静下来。)可知，咨询师给出的方法非常专业，由此推断出文章中的咨询师可能是临床心理学家，故选B。15．推理判断题。答案定位在倒数第二段KnowingthatitsmonandthatlifeisstressfulforalotofgirlsmyagehashelpedmerealizethatIdon’thavetobeashamedorembarrassedaboutit.(知道这很普遍，生活对我这个年龄的很多女孩都有压力，这让我意识到我不必为此感到羞耻或尴尬。)由此推断出，这篇文章可能属于杂志的“青少年生活”部分，故选A。（2）黑龙江大庆实验中学20202021学年高一下学期线上期中考试英语试题ATheHitman’sBodyguard(2017)7.1/10R|1h58min|Action,edy|18August2017(USA)Theworld’stopbodyguardgetsanewclient,ahitmanwhomusttestifyattheInternationalCourtofJustice.Theymustputtheirdifferencesasideandworktogethertomakeittothetrialontime.Director:PatrickHughesWriter:TomO’ConnorStars:RyanReynolds,SamuelLJackson,GaryOldman|Seefullcast&crewTransformers:TheLastKnight(2017)5.3/10PG13|2h29min|Action,Adventure,SciFi|23June2017(China)AutobotsandDecepticonsareatwar,withhumansonthesidelines.OptimusPrimeisgone.Thekeytosavingourfutureliesburiedinthesecretsofthepast,inthehiddenhistoryofTransformersonEarth.Director:MichaelBayWriters:ArtMarcum(screenplay),MattHolloway(screenplay)|5morecreditsStars:MarkWahlberg,AnthonyHopkins,JoshDuhamel|Seefullcast&crewMother!(2017)6.7/101h55min|Drama,Horror,Mystery|15September2017(USA)Acouple’srelationshipistestedwhenuninvitedguestsarriveattheirhome,disruptingtheirpeacefulexistence.Director:DarrenAronofskyWriter:DarrenAronofskyStars:JenniferLawrence,JavierBardem,EdHarrisISeefullcastcrewToyStory(1995)8.3/101h21min|Animation,Adventure,edy|22November1995(USA)Acowboydollisprofoundlythreatenedandjealouswhenanewspacemanfiguresupplantshimastopinaboy’sroom.Director:JohnLasseterWriters:JohnLasseter(originalstoryby),PeteDocter(originalstoryby)|6morecreditsStars:TomHanks,TimAllen,DonRickles|Seefullcast&crew1．Whichonescarespeoplealot?A．Mother. B．TheHitman’sBodyguard.C．Transformers:TheLastKnight. D．ToyStory.2．ToyStoryisbetterthanothersin________.A．plots B．directorsC．writers D．scores3．Inwhichsectionofthewebsitecanyoufindtheinformationabove?A．Travel. B．Entertainment.C．Finance. D．Technology.【答案】1．A2．D3．B【解析】【分析】本文是应用文。文章介绍了四部电影《王牌保镖》、《变形金刚最后的骑士》、《母亲》、《玩具总动员》的评分等级和内容概要等信息。1．细节理解题。根据Mother!(2017)6.7/101h55min|Drama,Horror,Mystery|15September2017(USA)中的Horror得知《母亲》这部电影是惊悚片，让观众们害怕。故选A。2．细节理解题。根据《王牌保镖》评分7.1、《变形金刚最后的骑士》评分5.3、《母亲》评分6.7、《玩具总动员》评分8.3，可以得知《玩具总动员》这部电影比其它电影评分高。故选D。3．推理判断题。文章介绍了四部电影《王牌保镖》、《变形金刚最后的骑士》、《母亲》、《玩具总动员》的评分等级和内容概要等信息。由此判断出可以在娱乐板块可以看到电影的介绍。故选B。【点睛】对于直接信息题此类题型，可以首先从问题中找到关键词,然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节，找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定最佳答案。例如:小题1题干问哪部影片会让关注害怕?在文章中找到相关的句子,Mother!(2017)6.7/101h55min|Drama,Horror,Mystery|15September2017(USA)，关键词是Horror,题干scares是对Horror的同义改写，故选A。BI’maNewYorkCityfirefighter.Everyday,Iseeterror—sometimesevendeath.ButthedayIfoundScarlettwasdifferent.ThatdayIsawlife.Andlove.Wewererespondingtoacallaboutaburninggarage.Outside,Iheardthesoundofcatscrying.Icouldn’tstop—Iwouldhavetolookforthecatsafterthefirewasputout.Ittookalongtimetofinallybringthebigfireundercontrol,butwedidit.Nooneinsidewashurt.AtthatpointIwasfreetoinvestigatethecatnoises.Therewasstillalotofsmokeandheatingfromthebuilding.Ifollowedthemeowing(猫叫)toaspot.There,cryingandhuddled(挤作一团)together,werefiveterrifiedkittens.Iwantedtofindthemother.Itwasobviousthatshehadgoneintotheburninggarageandcarriedoutallofherbabies,onebyone—unbelievable.Wefinallyfoundher.Shewasbadlyburnt.Shecouldbarelymove.Ipickedherup,andsherelaxedinmyarms.Sensinghertrust,Ishedatear.Iwasdeterminedtosavethisbravelittlecatandherfamily.Aboutaweeklater,Ifoundoutshewasgoingtolive.OneofthetechnicianssuggestedwenameherScarlett,becauseofherreddenedskin.KnowingwhatScarlettendured(忍受)forherkittens,itmeltedmyhearttoseeherreunitedwiththem.Shetouchedeachofthemagain,nosetonose,tomakesuretheywereallsafe.Shehadriskedherlifefiveseparatetimes—andithadpaidoff.Allofherbabieshadsurvived.Asafirefighter,Iseeheroism(英雄事迹)everyday.ButwhatScarlettshowedmethatdaywasthekindofbraverythatcanonlyefromamother’slove.4．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothearticle?A．Theauthorwenttorescuethecatsassoonasheheardthemcrying.B．Thefirefightersputoutthebigfirequicklyandnoonewashurt.C．Themothercatmovedallofherfivebabiestoasaferplacedespitethefire.D．Theauthordidn’tfindthecatsuntilthesmokeandheatweregone.5．Whywastheauthordeterminedtosavethecats?A．Herefusedtowatchsomeoneelsedieinhiswork.B．Hewasimpressedbythemother’sstrongloveandcourage.C．Thecat’sstoryhadmademanypeopleconcerned.D．Ithadtakenmuchtimeandeffortforhimtosavethem.6．Whichbestdescribestheauthor’stoneinthearticle?A．Objective. B．Admiring.C．Excited. D．Optimistic.【答案】4．C5．B6．B【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文，作者是一个消防员，他讲述了一次在救火中遇到的感人的故事。一只猫妈妈在大火中冒着生命危险救了她的5个孩子，她自己却身负重伤。作者非常感动，尽全力救活了猫妈妈和小猫咪。4．细节理解题。根据第六段Itwasobviousthatshehadgoneintotheburninggarageandcarriedoutallofherbabies,onebyone—unbelievable.可知，猫妈妈在火中救了5个猫宝宝看，虽然有大火，猫妈妈把猫宝宝们挪到安全的地方。故选C。5．推理判断题。根据六段Wefinallyfoundher.Shewasbadlyburnt.Shecouldbarelymove.Ipickedherup,andsherelaxedinmyarms.Sensinghertrust,Ishedatear.Iwasdeterminedtosavethisbravelittlecatandherfamily.可知，我们终于找到她了。她严重烧伤。她几乎不能动弹。我抱起她，她在我的怀里放松了。感觉到她的信任，我流下了眼泪。我决心要救这只勇敢的小猫和她的家人。由此判断出作者被猫妈妈对子女强烈的爱以及勇气所感动，决定一定要救她，故选B。6．推理判断题。纵观全文，尤其是最后一段Asafirefighter,Iseeheroism(英雄事迹)everyday.ButwhatScarlettshowedmethatdaywasthekindofbraverythatcanonlyefromamother’slove可知，作为一名消防员，我每天都能看到英雄主义。但那天Scarlett向我展示的勇气，只能来自母爱作者。由此判断出作者描述文章的口吻是敬佩的。故选B。【点睛】作者态度及写作意图推断。每一篇文章都会包含作者的某种观点和态度，只不过有的直截了当，有的含而不露，有的通过所用词语的褒贬来体现。此类题可细分为作者态度题(表明作者的好恶)和作者观点题(表明作者对某事物的看法)。准确把握作者的情感和态度，需要注意以下几点：1.作者对某一事物的看法，要么支持，要么反对，带中立色彩的词最不可能是正确答案。2.漠不关心类词语往往不对，既然写文章就不会不关心。3.不要把自己的态度揉入其中，也要区分作者的态度和作者引用的别人的态度。4.当作者的态度没有明确提出时，要学会根据作者使用词语的褒贬性来判断。5.作者的观点一般与文章的主旨相关联。6.绝对化或语气过于强烈的选项常常是错误的，如:strong,plete,entire等。小题3.属于作者态度题。根据最后一段的ButwhatScarlettshowedmethatdaywasthekindofbraverythatcanonlyefromamother’slove.作为一名消防员，我每天都能看到英雄主义。但那天Scarlett向我展示的勇气，只能来自母爱作者。由此判断出作者描述文章的口吻是敬佩的。故选B。CTherearehundredsoftypesofbirthdaycakeintheworld.Youarelikelytoenjoyoneduringatleastoneofyourbirthdayparties.Buthaveyoueverstoppedandwondered,“WhyamIeatingthis?Whatmakesthisdessertfittocelebratethedayofmybirth?”It’sbecauseyouareasimportantandbelovedasthegods.TheancientEgyptiansarethoughttohave“invented”thecelebrationofbirthdays.Theybelievedwhenpharaohs(法老)werecrowned,theybecamegods,sotheircoronation(加冕)daywastheir“birth”asagod.AncientGreeksborrowedthetradition,butrealizedthatadessertwouldmakethecelebrationmoremeaningful.Sotheybakedmoonshapedcakestoofferuptothegoddessofthemoon.Theydecoratedthemwithlightedcandlestomakethecakesshinelikethemoon.Itisthereasonwhywelightourbirthdaycakesonfire.Modernbirthdaypartiesaresaidtogettheirrootsfroman18thcenturyGermancelebration.Onthemorningofachild’sbirthday,heorshewouldreceiveacakewithlightedcandlesthataddeduptothekid’sage,plusone.Thisextracandlewascalledthe“lightoflife,”representingthehopeofanotherfullyearlived.Andthen,torture—becausenoonecouldeatthecakeuntilafterdinner.Thefamilyreplacedthecandlesastheyburnedoutthroughouttheday.Finally,whenthemomentcame,thebirthdaychildwouldmakeawish,trytoblowoutallthecandlesinonebreath,anddigin.Sincetheingredients(原料)tomakecakeswereprettyexpensive,thisbirthdaycustomdidn’tbeepopularuntiltheIndustrialRevolution.Moreingredientswereavailable,whichmadethemcheaper,andbakeriesevenstartedsellingprebakedcakes.7．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Theoriginofbirthdaycakes. B．Thesignificanceofbirthdaycakes.C．Thehistoryofbirthdayparties. D．Theintroductionofcakeproduction.8．Whoestablishedthetraditionofcelebratingbirthdayswithcakesaccordingtothepassage?A．Germans. B．Pharaohs.C．AncientGreeks. D．AncientEgyptians.9．Theunderlinedword“torture”inParagraph6isclosestinmeaningto________.A．pleasure B．replacementC．sharing D．suffering10．WhywasthebirthdaycakecustomunpopularbeforetheIndustrialRevolution?A．Thetransportwasinconvenient.B．Theingredientsofcakeswereexpensive.C．Thecakecouldnotbeeatenbeforedinner.D．Thebakerieswouldnotsellprebakedcakes.【答案】7．A8．C9．D10．B【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了生日蛋糕的起源。7．主旨大意题。根据第一段Buthaveyoueverstoppedandwondered,“WhyamIeatingthis?Whatmakesthisdessertfittocelebratethedayofmybirth?”可知，但是你有没有停下来想过，“我为什么要吃这个?”是什么让这个甜点适合庆祝我的生日呢?所以短文以提问的形式点明主题以及根据下文的具体介绍可知，本文讲述了生日蛋糕的起源。故选A。8．细节理解题。根据第四段AncientGreeksborrowedthetradition,butrealizedthatadessertwouldmakethecelebrationmoremeaningful.Sotheybakedmoonshapedcakestoofferuptothegoddessofthemoon.Theydecoratedthemwithlightedcandlestomakethecakesshinelikethemoon.Itisthereasonwhywelightourbirthdaycakesonfire.古希腊人借鉴了这一传统，但意识到甜点会让庆祝活动更有意义。所以他们烤月亮形状的蛋糕来供奉给月亮女神。他们用点燃的蜡烛装饰蛋糕，使蛋糕像月亮一样闪闪发光。这就是我们为什么把生日蛋糕点着的原因。所以是古希腊人建立了用蛋糕庆祝生日的传统。故选C。9．词义猜测题。根据第六段Andthen,torture—becausenoonecouldeatthecakeuntilafterdinner.大家只有在晚餐后才能吃蛋糕，这是一种折磨。所以划线词的意思是suffering“折磨”。故选D。10．细节理解题。Sincetheingredients(原料)tomakecakeswereprettyexpensive,thisbirthdaycustomdidn’tbeepopularuntiltheIndustrialRevolution.因为制作蛋糕原料非常贵，直到工业革命