2022年1月北京普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟试卷A（解析版）

2022北京市普通高中学业水平合格性考试仿真模拟卷A

英语

一、听力理解（共25小题，25分。每小题1分）

二、完形填空（共15小题，15分。每小题1分）

阅读下面短文，从各题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。

Doyouknowhowtostudy1andmakeyourstudymoreeffective（有效的）？Weallknow

thatChinesestudentsusuallystudyveryhardforlong2,Thisisverygood,butit

doesn,t3alot,foraneffectivestudentmusthaveenoughsleep,enoughfoodandenoughrest

and4.Everydayyouneedtogooutforawalkorvisitsomefriendsorsomeniceplaces.

It'sgoodforyour5.

Whenyoureturn6yourstudies,yourmindwillberefreshed（清醒）andyou'11learn

more7studybetter.Psychologists（心理学家）8thatlearningtakesplacethisway.Here

takeEnglishlearning9anexample.Firstyoumakealotofprogressandyoufeelhappy.Then

yourlanguagestudyseems10thesame.Soyouwillthinkyou'relearning11andyoumay

giveup.Thiscanlastfordaysorevenweeks,yetyou12giveup,andatsomepointyour

languagestudywillagaintakeanotherbig13.You’11seethatyoureallyhavebeenlearning

allalong.Ifyougetenoughsleep,food,restandexercise,studying,Englishcanbeveryeffective

and14.Don'tgiveupalongtheway.Learn15youaresuretogetagoodresult（结果）

1.A.wellB.goodC.betterD.best

2.A.daysB.timeC.hoursD.weeks

3.A.helpB.giveC.makeD.take

4.A.exerciseB.homeworkC.runningD.clothes

5.A.healthB.bodyC.studyD.life

6.A.afterB.forC.atD.to

7.A.yetB.andC.orD.but

8.A.havefoundB.havetaughtC.ntoldD.said

9.A.withB.forC.asD.to

10.A.tohaveB.tomakeC.totakeD.tostay

11.A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything

12.A.mustnytB.couldnytC.needn,tD.maynot

13.A.workB.jumpC.walkD.result

14.A.hardB.commonC.possibleD.interesting

15.A.slowlyB.fastc.quicklyD.happily

解析

本文以学语言为例告诉我们学习应当劳逸结合，循序渐进。而不应该急于求成，半途而废。

答案简析

1.Co这是总领本文的一句话，就是如何能够学的更好。另外根据and后面的moreeffective可知这里应

选与之并列的比较级better,而不是原级well»

2.Coforalongtime表示很长一段时间，a不能省略。故只能选forlonghours»

3.Aohelpalot这里指学习时间长并不会对学习结果有很大的帮助，也就是并不起决定作用。

4.A„对于一个学生来讲，不仅需要足够的睡眠、食物、休息，还需要足够的身体锻炼。故选exercise。

文章的倒数第二句有提示。

5.C»上面两句话都是对学习有益的一些事情。

6.I）。“returnto”这里指返回到……，也就是从上述的活动中返回到学习中。

7.Bo表不并列。

8.A«首先根据从句是一般现在时可排除C、D两个选项，再根据文意，心理学家发现，可知选A。

9.Co"takesthasanexample”为固定词组,意为“以...为例”。

10.D,staythesame表示"维持原样"，也就是没有任何进步了。

11.C„根据第10题，因为学习停滞不前，所以你就会觉得没学到什么东西。故选nothing。

12.C«mustn,t表示禁止，语气最为强烈。needn't表示没必要。couldn't和maynot均表示猜测。

13.Botakeanotherbigjump表示有大的飞跃或进展。

14.D»表示学习也会变得生动有趣。

15.Aolearnslowly意为"慢慢学”，也就是说不要急于求成，应循序渐进。

三、阅读理解（共20小题，40分，每小题2分）

第一节阅读下面短文，从各题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

Itisrightlysaidonecanshareanysecretwithatruefriend.Hemayknowyourdeepestfears

andweaknessesandyetwillnevertakeadvantageofyou.However,keepingafriend,ssecrets

toyourselfandnottellingtheworldiswhatmakesthebondgrowstrongandlastforever.You

needtodeveloptrustandmutual（互相的）understandingbeforeyoustartsharingsecretswith

eachother.Withfriends,secrettalksneverseemtoendanditcangetreallyamusingtoknow

whathasbeengoingoninyourfriend,smind.

Thereisacertaintimeinlifeespeciallyfromtheteenageyearswhenonestartshavinga

personalperiphery（界限）inlifeandparentsareexcluded（排斥）fromit.Itisbecausethere

arecertainthingsthattheycan'tunderstandandwecan'tdiscusswiththem.Thatiswhenfriends

becomethebestsecretsharers.Theyaretheonestowhomonerevealsone'sfeelingsandbest

keptsecrets.

Itisageneralbeliefthatonlygirlssharesecrets.Butboyshavetheirownsecretsthat

theydiscusswithonlyclosestfriends.Thesecrettalkscanrange（变化）fromrelationships,

talksaboutfightswithparents,secretactivitiesandanythingthatisnotsupposedtobeknown

toothers!Ifyouthinksecretsarelimitedtoonlyteenagers,getyourfactsright!Secrets

canbesharedatanyageandthereisnohardandfastrulethatsecretsaresharedonlyamong

youngsters.

Sharingsecretswithafriendisnotjustfun,butitalsohelpstodevelopalastingtrust

inoneanother.Sometimes,sharingsecretswilltellyoumoreabouttheperson.Youwillcome

toknowwhetheryourfriendisreliableandtrustworthyandwhetheritisworthsharingyoursecrets

withthem.Youcancallitatestoffriendship.

【文章大意】这是一篇说明文，说明人在成长的过程中总有一些连父母都不能交流的事情，此时只有和真

正的朋友才可以分享，这样可以解决一些自己不能解决的问题，也可以考验真正的友谊。

16.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytrytoshow?

A.Parentsarealwaysthebestpeopletosharesecretswith.

B.Teenagersprefertosharesecretswiththeirfriends.

C.Parentsshouldbuildtrustwithteenagers.

D.Teenagersgrowtobeindependent.

【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段第一句话Thereisacertaintimeinlifeespeciallyfromthe

teenageyearswhenonestartshavingapersonalperipheryinlifeandparentsareexcIudedfrom

it.和倒数第二句话Thatiswhenfriendsbecomethebestsecretsharers.可知本段主要试图表明青

少年更喜欢和他们的朋友分享他们的秘密。

17.Theunderlinedword“reveals”inParagraph2canbebestreplacedby.

A.provesB.tellsC.getsD.holds

【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据上文的Thatiswhenfriendsbecomethebestsecretsharers.可知

青少年喜欢将自己的感情和秘密告诉自己的朋友。因此可推测画线单词的意思是“告诉”。

18.Whatcanbelearnedaboutsharingsecrets?

A.It'slimitedtogirls.

B.Itfollowsstrictrules.

C.Itcanhappenatanyage.

D.Itdoesharmtoastrongbond.

【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句Secretscanbesharedatanyageandthereis

nohardandfastrulethatsecretsaresharedonlyamongyoungsters.可知分享秘密可以发生在任

何年龄。

19.Whatisanadvantageofsharingsecretswithafriend?

A.Ithelpsalotinyourstudy.

B.Itleadsyoutoacarefreelife.

C.Itmakesyoupopularwithotherpeople.

D.Itcontributestoalong-termmutualbelief.

【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句Sharingsecretswithafriendisnotjustfun,

butitalsohelpstodevelopalastingtrustinoneanother.可知与朋友分享的好处在于它有助于

建立长期的信任。

B

Mywritingcareerbegantenyearsagowithmyarticlespublishedlocallyandnationally.As

abeginningwriter,Iwashappytobeonmyway,writingandlearningasmuchas1could.With

twolittlekidsunderfoot,aswellasworkingfull-time,itwasreallydifficulttomaketime

forwriting,butImanaged.

Readerstoldmetheylaughed,criedorwereinspiredbymyarticles.Buttheydidn'tknowwhat

wasreallygoingonbehindthetypewriter.Iwasnotahappymommy,andfounditdifficulttoenjoy

theeverydaylittlethingsinlife.Inshort,Iwasnotahappyperson.

IrealizedIhadtomakesomechanges.Istartedwalkingeverymorning.Itclearedmyhead,

allowedmetimetothink,gavemefreshair,andmademefeelinvigorated（精神焕发）andhealthy.I

waseatingwisely,andtheweightstartedtogo.Istartedanewjob,joinedamonthlywriting

chapter,andwasdeterminedtokeepupmywalking.Findingthebalancewassometimesdifficult.But

Iwasdeterminedtofitinwritingtimebecauseitmademehappy.SureIlovedtowatchthenews

andhavemytea,butthatwasn，twhatmademetrulyhappy.

Myownhappinesshasshownthroughmyfamily,myjobperformanceandmyattitudetowards

challengingsituations.Iagainhavereaderstellingmetheeffectmywritinghashadonthem,

withsomeabletogetonwiththeirownwritingbecauseofmyarticles.

Itwasuptometomakeithappen—myownhappiness.Onestepatatime—onewordatatime.And

Ididit.

文章大意：作者是一个作家，作品鼓舞了许多读者。但是作者不是一个快乐的人。作者意识到自己必

须做出一些改变，于是开始每天清晨散步，清理自己的大脑，给自己时间思考、呼吸新鲜空气，让自己感

觉精神焕发，身心健康，健康饮食并开始控制体重。通过不断地改变作者最终成了一个快乐的人，并影响

到了周围的人和读者。通过自己的经历作者感悟到快乐把握在自己手里。

20.Whatwasabigchallengetotheauthoraccordingtothefirstparagraph?

A.Writinggoodarticles.

B.Doingwellatwork.

C.Findingtimetowrite.

D.Takinggoodcareofchildren.

解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句"Withtwolittlekidsunderfoot,aswellasworking

full-time,itwasreallydifficulttomaketimeforwriting,butImanaged.可知，作者有两个

小孩要照顾，还有全职工作，想找到时间写作很难。故选C项正确。

21.Whydidtheauthorstartwalkingeverymorning?

A.Tobephysicallyhealthy.

B.Toenjoyfreshearlymorningair.

C.Tohavemoreenergyforwriting.

D.Togetbacktohappiness.

解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句"Inshort,Iwasnotahappyperson.”以及第三段前两

句“IrealizedIhadtomakesomechanges.Istartedwalkingeverymorning.可矢口,作者不是——

个快乐的人，意识到自己必须做一些改变，作者开始每天早晨散步。因此推断作者开始散步是为了找回快

乐。故选D项正确。

22.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthorfromthetext?A

A.Herarticleshadagreateffectonreaders.

B.Shedidn，tenjoymakingchangesinherlife.

C.Shewasn'tinterestedinwatchingTVnews.

D.Shecouldn'tfindthebalancebetweenworkandlife.

解析:推理判断题。根据第二段第一句"Readerstoldmetheylaughed,criedorwereinspiredby

myarticles,ff和倒数第二段最后一句"Iagainhavereaderstellingmetheeffectmywritinghas

hadonthem,withsomeabletogetonwiththeirownwritingbecauseofmyarticles.“可知，

读者被作者的作品鼓舞，有一些人因为作者的文章开始他们自己的写作。因此推断作者的作品对读者影响

很大。故选A项正确。

23.Whatdoyouthinkisthemainideaofthestory?

A.Practicemakesperfect.

B.Wellbegunishalfdone.

C.Timeandtidewaitfornoman.

D.Happinessliesinyourownhand.

解析：主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Ilwasuptometomakeithappen一myownhappiness.One

stepatatime—onewordatatime.AndIdidit.”可知，作者通过自己的经历告诉读者快乐把握在

自己手里，每次一步，每次一句话就做到了。故选D项正确。

C

OncewhenIwasfacingadecisionthatinvolvedhighrisk,Iwenttoafriend.Helookedat

meforamoment,andthenwroteasentencecontainingthebestadviceI'veeverhad：Beboldand

brave—andmighty（强大的）forceswillcometoyouraid.

ThosewordsmademeseeclearlythatwhenIhadfallenshortinthepast,itwasseldombecause

Ihadtriedandfailed.ItwasusuallybecauseIhadletfearoffailurestopmefromtryingat

all.Ontheotherhand,wheneverIhadplungedintodeepwater,forcedbycourageorcircumstance,

IhadalwaysbeenabletoswimuntilIgotmyfeetonthegroundagain.

Boldnessmeansadecisiontobiteoffmorethanyoucaneat.Andthereisnothing

mysteriousaboutthemightyforces.Theyarepotentialpowerswepossess：energy,skill,sound

judgment,creativeideas—evenphysicalstrengthgreaterthanmostofusrealize.

Admittedly,thosemightyforcesarespiritualones.Buttheyaremoreimportantthanphysical

ones.Acollegeclassmateofmine,Tim,wasanexcellentfootballplayer,eventhoughheweighed

muchlessthantheaverageplayer."InonegameIsuddenlyfoundmyselfconfrontingahugeplayer,

whohadnothingbutmebetweenhimandourgoalline,“saidTim."IwassofrightenedthatI

closedmyeyesanddesperatelythrewmyselfatthatguylikeabullet-andstoppedhimcold.”

Boldness—awillingnesstoextendyourselftotheextreme—isnotonethatcanbeacquired

overnight.Butitcanbetaughttochildrenanddevelopedinadults.Confidencebuildsup.Surely,

therewillbesetbacks（挫折）anddisappointmentsinlife;boldnessinitselfisnoguarantee（保

证）ofsuccess.Butthepersonwhotriestodosomethingandfailsisalotbetteroffthanthe

personwhotriestodonothingandsucceeds.

So,alwaystrytolivealittlebitbeyondyourabilities-andyou'11findyourabilities

aregreaterthanyoueverdreamed.

文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。作者联系自己的经历说明了大胆的重要性，并鼓励人们有勇气和胆量。

24.Whywastheauthorsometimesunabletoreachhisgoalinthepast?

A.Hefacedhugerisks.

B.Helackedmightyforces.

C.Fearpreventedhimfromtrying.

D.Failureblockedhiswaytosuccess.

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“ItwasusuallybecauseIhadletfearoffailurestopmefrom

tryingatall”.可知，作者过去没能达成目标是因为他害怕失败。故选C。

25.Whatistheimpliedmeaningoftheunderlinedpart?

A.Swallowmorethanyoucandigest.

B.Actslightlyaboveyourabilities.

C.Developmoremysteriouspowers.

D.Learntomakecreativedecisions.

解析：推理判断题。根据后句“Andthereisnothingmysteriousaboutthemightyforces”.可

以推测出这里为“行为略高于你的能力”之意。故选B。

26.WhatwasespeciallyimportantforTim，ssuccessfuldefenseinthefootballgame?

A.Hisphysicalstrength.B.Hisbasicskill.

C.Hisrealfear.D.Hisspiritualforce.

解析：细节理解题。根据第四段首句"Admittedly,thosemightyforcesarespiritualones.n可

知，在于他的精神力量。故选D。

27.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassage?

A.Toencouragepeopletobecourageous.

B.Toadvisepeopletobuildupphysicalpower.

C.Totellpeoplethewaystoguaranteesuccess.

D.Torecommendpeopletodevelopmoreabilities.

解析：作者的写作态度和意图题。作者先举了自己和Tim作为例子，又在文章后两段讲了boldness

的重要性，所以作者的写作意图是鼓励人们做勇敢的人。故选A。

D

Ifyouwanttolivelongerandlowertheriskofheartdisease,amovetothemountainsmay

help.ResearchbyscientistsinGreeceshowsthatlivinginthemountainsisgoodfortheheart

andlongevity（长寿）.Peoplelivingathigheraltitudehavelowerpossibilityofdyingfromheart

diseasethanthoseclosertosealevel,eveniftheyhavefactors（因素）thatcouldincreasetheir

risk."Residence（居住）inmountainousareasseemstohavea'protectiveeffect'fromheart

disease,“saidDr.NikosBaibasoftheUniversityofAthens.Heandhiscolleaguesguess,that

theincreasedexercisefromwalkingupmountainousareagivestheheartagoodworkoutandenables

ittodealwithlowerlevelsofoxygen.

Researchersstudiedthehealthrecordsanddeathratesof1,150Greekswholivedinthree

villagesnearAthensover15years.Onevillagewas1,000metersabovesealevelandtheother

twowereinlow-lyingareas.Althoughmenandwomenlivinginthemountainousvillagehadhigher

bloodpressureratesandotherriskfactorsthanpeopleintheothervillages,theyhadalower

rateofdeathfromheartdiseaseandothercausesafterafifteen-yearfollow-up."Thecontrast

wasmoreevidentamongmenthanamongwomen,“BaibasaddedinareportintheJournalof

EpidemiologyandCommunityHealth.Heartdiseaseisoneoftheworld'stopkillers.Smoking,

highbloodpressure,raisedcholesterol（胆固醇）levels,beingoverweightandafamilyhistory

oftheillnessincreasethepossibilityofdevelopingthedisease.

文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。主要讲了研究表明，生活在山区的人们患心脏病的概率更低。

28.Thepeoplelivingathigheraltitudehavelowerchanceofdyingfromheartattackmay

becausethey

A.havegooddietingstyle

B.livemorehappily

C.oftenclimbmountains

D.knowhowtokeephealthy

解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句，可知生活在高海拔地区的人们，死于心脏病的概率较低是

因为他们经常爬山。故选C

29.Accordingtothetext,peoplearemorelikelytodiefrom____.

A.smokingB.heartdisease

C.highbloodpressureD.beingoverweight

解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段“Heartdiseaseisoneoftheworld*stopkillers.可知,

人们更可能死于心脏病。答案R

30.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Peopleoftenclimbingmountainswon'tbeill.

B.TheresearchoftheGreekslastedabout10years.

C.Fourotherillnessesreducethechanceofdevelopingheartdisease.

I）.Apersonsmokingoftenhasachanceofdevelopingheartdisease.

解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段"Smoking,highbloodpressure,raisedcholesterol（胆固醇）

levels,beingoverweightandafamilyhistoryoftheillnessincreasethepossibilityofdeveloping

thedisease."可推断出吸烟的人更容易患上心脏病。答案为Q

31.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Livinginthemountainsisgoodfortheheartandlongevity.

B.Climbingmountainsisbeneficialtopeople*shealth.

C.Therelationshipbetweensmokinganddiseases.

D.Whypeopleshouldgiveupsmoking.

解析：主旨大意题。根据文章可知本文主要介绍了生活在山区的人们患心脏病的概率更低。寿命会更

长。答案为A

第二节

阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，

完成对该问题的回答，答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。

LastmonthIgotthechancetotakepartinanunderwaterresearchprojectinanareaofthe

GulfofMexicocalledtheFlowerGardens.Ateamofprofessionalresearchers,ledbythescientist

Dr.MattPhillips,wastryingtolearnmoreaboutthefishandothercreaturesthatliveinthis

partofthesea.TheFlowerGardensarealongwayfromtheshoreandwespentthreedaysona

boat.

TheteamusedapieceofunderwaterequipmentcalledaRemotelyOperatedVehicle（ROV）to

collectinformation.TheROVcouldmeasurewaterdepthandtemperatureanditalsohadacamera

thatsentlivefilmbacktotheboat.TheROVwasgreatfun.Itwascontrolledbyacomputer

ontheboat,andIwasallowedtooperateitafewtimes.

However,thethingIenjoyedmostwasdivingintothewater.Atfirst,Iwasquitefrightened

-mainlybecauseIcouldn'tseelandinanydirection.ButassoonasIjumpedintohewater,1

wasn,tafraidanymore.ItwasamazingtoseethecolourfulfishswimmingaroundandIcouldsee

allthewaytotheFlowerGardens,whicharealmost30metresdown.

IwillneverforgettheFlowerGardens.ThetripwaslikeaholidaybutIalsolearntnew

thingsaboutscienceandresearchprojects.Theteamwerehappytoexplainwhattheyknewabout

thesea.Itwasagreatopportunityandithasmademethinkaboutmygoalsinlife.Theexperience

willdefinitelyencouragemetoworkhardertobecomeascientist.

32.WhatweretheresearcherstryingtolearnaboutintheFlowerGardens?（不多于5个单词）

33.Whatdidthewriterenjoymostintheproject?（不多于4个单词）

34.Whatdoesthewriterwanttobeinthefuture?（不多于2个单词）

35.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout（不多于7个单词）

答案与解析：本篇是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者参加的一次科学项目活动。

32.Thefishandothercreatures.

细节理解题。文章第一段