词类、句子成分

高中语法综合复习全解词类、句子成分学习目标：1.掌握英语中词的分类；2.划分句子成分；3.明白词类和句子成分之间的关系。词类十大词类英语中的单词可以分为十大词类：

1名词n.

表示人或事物的名称。

e.g.teacher,book…2冠词art.

表示名词的泛指和特指。

e.g.a,an,the…3数词num.

表示数量和顺序。

e.g.two,fifth…4代词pron.

代替名词、数词等。

e.g.we,me,he…5动词v.

表示动作或状态。

e.g.work,study,live…点击链接点击链接点击链接点击链接点击链接6形容词adj.

表示人或事物的性质和特征。

e.g.good,big,beautiful…7副词adv.表示动作或性状的特征。

e.g.fast,quickly…8介词prep.

表示与其他词之间的关系。

e.g.in,on,by,with…9连词conj.

用来连接词、短语、从句或句子。e.g.and,but…10感叹词interj.

表示说话时的感情或口气。e.g.Oh,ah…点击链接点击链接点击链接1.He_______carriedtheboyto_______,a_______place.(safe)2.He_______saidthathetook_______inhis_______child.(proud)3.Iwas_______toshareinthe_______ofthe_______trip.(please)4.He_________inpassingtheexamsandhis_________examsledtohis_________.(successfully)Fillinthemissingwordintheblankswiththesuitablewords.safelysafetysafeproudlyprideproudpleasedpleasurepleasantsucceededsuccessfulsuccess5.LittleTomisfondof________,andespeciallylikestolistentothe________performancesplayedbythe________.(music)6.ComradeLiuHulanhasbeen_____forsixtyyears.She_____aglorious_____.(die)7.The______building,abovewhichakiteisflying______,isninestoriesin______.(high)musicmusicalmusiciandeaddieddeathhighhighheightDifferentsentenceelements

orDifferentpartsofasentence1.组成句子的成分叫句子成分。2.在句子中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。3.句子成分由词或词组充当。Differentsentenceelements4.英语句子成分有：

主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、

表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、

宾语补足语（objectcomplement）

定语（attributive）和

状语（adverbial）。

_______themeetinghimselfgavethemagreatdealofencouragement.A.ThepresidentwillattendB.ThepresidenttoattendC.ThepresidentattendedD.Thepresident'sattending【解析】本题考查动名词复合结构作主语。动名词复合结构作主语，须用名词的所有格，然后加动名词，其余选择均构不成合理句子结构。SubjectSubject主语主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在therebe结构、疑问句（当主语不是疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词或从句等表示。例如：Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.（名词）WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.（代词）One-third

ofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.（数词）Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.（不定式）Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.（动名词）Therichshouldhelpthepoor.（名词化的形容词）WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.（主语从句）Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）Underlinethesubjectinthesesentences.Ingroups,checkyouranswers.Thendiscusswhetheryouagreewiththeideasinthesentencesornot.1Everythingthatwedoisastepinonedirectionoranother.Eventhefailuretodosomethingisinitselfadeed.Itsetsusforwardorbackward.

(HenryVanDyke)2.Someconceptionsofagentlemanarethese:agentlemanisalwaysconsiderateforthefeelingsofothers;hehastact—heknowshowtosayandtodotherightthingattherighttime.(Unknown)3Toregretone’serrorstothepointofnotrepeatingthemistruerepentance.

(ErnestHemingway)4Thebestcompanionisonewhoiswiserandbetterthanourselves,forweareinspiredbyhiswisdomandvirtuetonoblerdeeds.(WilliamMakepeaceThayer)5Beinghappyisbetterthanbeingking.

(WestAfricansaying)Individualactivity注:另附word文档。点击此处链接1.Wewrotealetterofthanksto____hadhelpedus.

A.whoB.thoseC.whomD.whoever2.Tom’smotherkepttellinghimthathemustn’tsmoke,but_____didn'thelp.

A.he

B.whichC.it

D.theyI.Multiplechoice3.____youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.What

B.IfC.That

D.Whether4.Justafterfinishingwritingthecomposition,_____.

A.thedoorbellrangloudB.NancyheardthedoorbellrangC.someoneknockedatthedoorD.thedoorbellwasrung5.---Theexamwaseasy,wasn’tit?---Yes,butIdon’tthink_____couldpassit.A.somebodyB.anybodyC.nobodyD.everybody6.Theyliveonabusymainroad.______mustbeverynoisy.

A.There

B.ItC.That

D.TheyII.在空格中填入一个适当的词或用所给词的适当形式填空。1._______(play)footballinthestreetisdangerous.2.Itwouldbenice______(see)himagain.3.The________(disable)shouldnotbelookeddownupon.4._____wasagreatsurprisetomewhenhedidathinglikethat.PlayingtoseedisabledIt5.________hewillbesentabroadornothasnotbeendecidedsofar.6.________________abooksellswelldependsonvariousfactors.7._______(see)isbelieving.8.His__________(express)toldmethathegotangrythen.WhetherWhether/ThatSeeingexpressionIII.Translation1.大山里静谧的氛围是我最喜爱的。

ThepeacefulatmosphereofthemountainsisthethingIlovethemost.2.参加比赛给我很大的成就感。

Participatinginthecompetitiongivesmeagreatfeelingofaccomplishment.3.在电话上谈话几个小时是我不能理解的事。

SpeakingonthephoneforhoursisnotsomethingIcanunderstand.4.到奥运会上去比赛是我的梦想。

TocompeteattheOlympicsismydream.5.她为学校所做的一切使学生和教职员工非常感激。

Whatshedidfortheschoolwasgreatlyappreciatedbythestudentsandstaff.PredicateAtlast,wefoundourselvesinapleasantparkwithtreesprovidingshadeand_________downtoeatourpicniclunch.A.sittingB.havingsatC.tositD.sat【解析】本题考查并列谓语的选择。found与satdown应为并列谓语，而其余各项均为非谓语动词形式不能单独作谓语，解题时务必注意并列连词的作用。Predicate谓语谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下：1)简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：

Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.2)复合谓语：(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：

Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.(2)由系动词加表语构成。如：

Wearestudents.Underlinethepredicatesinthesentences.1.JamesCookwasagreatEnglishnavigatorandPacificOceanexpeditionleader.2.Hehadnotonlyanoutstandingabilityinnavigationandexploration,butalsoarealconcernforsailors’health.Hecarriedoutcompulsorydietaryreformsthatwerecopiedbymanyothershipcaptains.3.HehadledthreegreatPacificvoyagesduringhislife.4.InhisfirstPacificvoyagein1769,JamesCookroundedCapeHorn,thenspentsixmonthschartingNewZealand,andfinallyexploredandclaimedpossessionofeasternAustralia.5.In1772,CaptainCooksetsailtolookfora“theorizedgreatsoutherncontinent”.AlthoughtheycouldnotmanagetoreachtheAntarcticowingtotheice,hepredictedthatifitdidexist,itwouldhavetobeawasteland.6.In1776,CaptaincookstartedhisthirdPacificvoyage,searchingfortheNorthwestPassagefromthePacificOceantotheAtlanticOcean.Unfortunately,hewaskilledinadisputewithHawaiiannativesandhismen’sattemptattheNorthwestPassagewasunsuccessful.However,thisvoyageisstillrecognizedasespeciallysignificantinthehistoryofthediscoveryofthewestcoastofNorthAmerica.Individualactivity注:另附word文档。点击此处链接1.Apoetandartist______comingtospeaktousaboutChineseliteratureandpaintingtomorrowafternoon.(2006江苏)

A.is

B.are

C.was

D.wereI.Multiplechoice2.Thecompanyhadabout20notebookcomputersbutonlyone-third_______usedregularly.Nowwehave60workingalldaylong.(2006浙江)

A.is

B.areC.wasD.were3.Asurveyoftheopinionsofexperts______thatthreehoursofoutdoorexerciseaweek_____goodforone’shealth.(2007江西)A.show;areB.shows;isC.show;isD.shows;are4.Welivedaybyday,butinthegreatthings,thetimeofdaysandweeks_________sosmallthatadayisunimportant.(2007湖南)A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeen5.Theperformance_____nearlythreehours,butfewpeopleleftthetheatreearly.(2008全国I)A.coveredB.reachedC.playedD.lasted6.Thestoryofthehomelessorphanhas_____sympathyfromthepublic.(2008上海春)A.arousedB.attractedC.defendedD.adopted7.Theteachertogetherwiththestudents_______discussingReadingSkillsthat_______newlypublishedinAmerica.(2009四川)

A.are;were

B.is;were

C.are;was

D.is;was8.SuchpoetsasShakespeare______widelyread,ofwhoseworks,however,some_______difficulttounderstand.(2010四川)A.are;areB.is;isC.are;isD.is;are9.Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe’stheonlyoneofthewomenwho________eveningdress.(2010全国II)A.wearB.wearsC.haswornD.haveworn10.I______abankaccountafterImade﹩1,000bydoingapart-timejobduringthesummervacation.(2011天津)A.borrowedB.openedC.enteredD.ordered1.Asyoucansee,thenumberofcarsonourroads______(keep)risingthesedays.2.Ihavetogotoworkbytaxibecausemycar_______________(repair)atthegarage.3.Whatweusedtothink_______(be)impossibledoesseempossiblenow.keeps isbeingrepairedwasII.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。4.Theuseofcreditcardsinplaceofcash____________(increase)inrecentyears.5.Newton_____________(explain)themovementsofthemoonfromtheattractionoftheearth.6.SinceIwonthebigprize,mytelephonehasn’tstoppedringing.People____________(phone)toaskhowIamgoingtospendthemoney.hasincreasedhasexplainedarephoningIII.Translation1.昨晚我做好了你的生日蛋糕。

Imadeyourbirthdaycakelastnight.2.课上完了，我们回家吧。

Schoolisover.Let’sgohome.3.他看起来很忧愁。

Helookedworried.

4.地球表面四分之三为水所覆盖。

Threefourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthiscoveredwithwater.5.这个单词是什么意思？

Whatdoesthiswordmean?6.我父亲和他的同事曾去过北京。

MyfatheraswellashisworkmateshasbeentoBeijing.PredicativeTasting_____,thiskindoffriedchickensells

_____.

A.well;good

B.tobegood;well

C.good;well

D.tobewell;good

【解析】分析题干可知，taste在此作系动词，其后应接不带tobe结构的形容词作表语。由于well作形容词时意思为“健康的”，不符合题意，故应选good作表语；sell在此为不及物动词，后接副词well，意思为“畅销”，用sell的主动形式表示被动意义。

Predicative表语表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及从句表示。例如：OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.（名词）Isityours?（代词）Theweatherhasturnedcold.（形容词）Thespeechisexciting.（分词）Threetimessevenistwentyone?（数词）HisjobistoteachEnglish.（不定式）Hishobby（爱好）isplayingfootball.（动名词）Themachine

mustbe

outoforder.（介词短语）Timeisup.Theclassisover.（副词）Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.（表语从句）1.Australiaismadeupofsixstatesandtwoterritories.()2.Australiaisayoungnationonanancientcontinent.()3.AftertheSecondWorldWar,Australia’seconomygrewrapidly.()Tickthesentenceifitsunderlinedpartisthepredicative.4.Beforebabykangaroosgrowstrongenough,theyfeedontheirmother’smilk.()5.WhenitturnscoldinNorthernChina,thehotsummerinAustraliahasjustbegun.()6.IfyougonearKoalabear,itwillgetveryupset.()7.Australiakeepsaboutonesixthoftheworld’ssheep.()8.Australiahasgotthebiggestironminesintheworld.()9.Themilkhasbeenkeptfortoolong;ithasgonesour.()Individualactivity注:另附word文档。点击此处链接1.Itisn’tsocially________forparentstoleavechildrenunattendedatthatage.(2007山东)A.accessibleB.adorableC.adaptableD.acceptable2.Thismagazineisvery_____withyoungpeople,wholikeitscontentandstyle.(2007湖北)A.familiar B.popular C.similar D.particularI.Multiplechoice3.Howmuch______shelookedwithoutherglasses!(2009海南)A.well B.goodC.best D.better4.Ladiesandgentlemen,pleaseremain______untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.(2009四川)

A.seated

B.seating

C.toseat

D.seat5.Studiesshowthatpeoplearemore____tosufferfrombackproblemsiftheyalwayssitbeforecomputerscreensforlonghours.(2010陕西)A.likelyB.possibleC.probableD.sureII.Translation(be)onacourse(be)outofwork(be)ofinterest(be)inone’s30s(be)withme(be)onone’shandsandknees(be)atone’sbest(be)ofhelp桑迪已经失业半年,没有能力养家糊口了。2.这是一本各类读者都会感兴趣的小说。Sandyhasbeenoutofworkforhalfayearandisunabletosupporthisfamily.Thisisanovelthatwillbeofinteresttoawiderangeofreaders.3.如果我能帮上什么忙,就告诉我。4.阿瑟已经三十多岁了,还没有开始自己的事业。LetmeknowifIcanbeofanyhelptoyou.Arthurisalreadyinhis30sandhasn’tstartedacareeryet.5.下一步把这个放在机器的这个位置。你们听明白了吗？6.我认为五月的颐和园是最美的。Nextyouputthisintothemachinehere.Areyouwithme?Inmyopinion,theSummerPalaceisatitsbestinMay.ThelasttimeIsawhimwasFridaynight.Hewasonhishandsandkneessearchingforsomethinginhislaboratory.8.这个月凯西一直在上缝纫课。Cathyhasbeenonasewingcourseallthismonth.7.我最后一次见到他是周五晚上,当时他正趴在实验室的地上在找什么东西。Catherineboughtapostcardoftheplaceshewasvisiting,addressed________

to________

andthenposteditatthenearbypostoffice．A.it;her

B.it;herself

C.herself;her

D.herself;herselfObject【解析】address作动词的意思是“在……上写姓名住址”,addressed后接it,作直接宾语,代替上文中的postcard。to后接herself,作间接宾语,表示把postcard寄给她自己。

Object宾语宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如：Theywenttoseeanexhibition（展览）yesterday.（名词）Theheavyrainpreventedmefromcomingtoschoolontime.（代词）Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?Ihavefive.（数词）Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.（名词化形容词）Hepretendednottoseeme.（不定式短语）Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.（动名词短语）Ithink(that)heisfitforhisoffice.（宾语从句）

宾语有时出现两个：一般把间接受动作影响的人看作间接宾语（IndirectObject)；把直接受动作影响的人或物看作直接宾语(DirectObject)。Hobobroughtthenewspapertome.Myfriendlendsmehisbike.1.Johnson先生去年教我们德语。

MrJohnson________________lastyear.2.奶奶昨晚给我讲了一个有趣的故事。

Grandmatold____________________lastnight.3.请把那本字典递给我好吗？

Wouldyouplease___________________?4.他把车票给列车员看。

Heshowed________________________.taughtusGermanmeaninterestingstorypassmethedictionarythetickettotheconductorIndividualactivity注:另附word文档。点击此处链接I.Multiplechoice1.Youcanonlybesureof______youhaveatpresent;youcannotbesureofsomething______youmightgetinthefuture.(2007安徽)A.that;what B.what;/C.which;that D./;that2.Itisworthconsideringwhatmakes“convenience”foodssopopular,and

______betteronesofyourown.(2008北京)A.introduces B.tointroduceC.introducing D.introduced3.Istillremember______totheFamenTempleandwhatIsawthere.(2009陕西)

A.totake

B.tobetaken

C.taking

D.beingtaken

4.Asanewdiplomat,heoftenthinksof______hecanreactmoreappropriatelyonsuchoccasions.(2009上海)

A.what

B.which

C.that

D.how5.Twentystudentswanttoattendtheclassthataimstoteach______toreadfast.(2011辽宁)A.whatB.whoC.howD.whyII.用括号内所给动词的适当形式完成下列句子。1.Thenewcollegegraduateinsistedon__________(send)wherehewasmostneeded.2.Theparentssuggested_______(sleep)inthehotelroombuttheirkidswereanxioustocampoutduringthetrip.beingsentsleeping3.Afterreadingthetext,we’llgoon_______(do)theexercises.4.Ican’tstand________(work)withJaneinthesameoffice.Shejustrefusestostoptalkingwhilesheworks.5.Isn’tittimeyougotdownto________(mark)thepapers?todoworkingmarking6.Ifyouthinkthattreatingawomanwellmeansalways_______(get)herpermissionforthings,thinkagain.7.Victorapologizedfornot__________(inform)meofthechangeintheplan.8.Idon’twant________(sound)likeI’mspeakingillofanybody,butthemanager’splanisunfair.tosoundgettinginformingIII.Translation3.老师给他们每人一块橡皮。Theteachergiveseachofthemaneraser.Theysenttheinjuredtohospital.2.他们把伤员送到医院。Shedidn'tsayanything.1.她什么也没说。Theyaskedtoseemypassport.4.他们要求看我的护照。Ienjoyworkingwithyou.5.我和你们一道工作很愉快。Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?6.你把他的话写下了没有？Don’tleavethewater______whileyoubrushyourteeth.A.run B.running C.beingrun D.torun【解析】leave+宾语+宾补。让水不间断的流。

ObjectcomplementObjectcomplement宾语补足语英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make等+宾语+宾补）。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。例如：HisfathernamedhimDongming.（名词）Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.（形容词）Letthefreshairin.（副词）Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.（不定式短语）Wesawherenteringtheroom.（现在分词）Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.（介词短语）Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.（从句）Throughthewindow,Icouldseetherain____________(comedown)insheets.2.MothermadeCharles____(整理)hisbedroombeforehewentout.comingdowntidyFillintheblanks.3.Canyousmellsomething________(burn)?Itmustbecomingfromthekitchen.4.Whenthepolicearrived,theyfoundtheactress_________(murder)inthebathroom.5.Thebossorderedthetypist_______(have)allthedocumentsready.burningmurderedtohave6.Therobbersforcedtheman___________(交出)thesuitcase.7.Alotofpracticehelpedthespokesman__________(become)amorefluentspeaker.8.Thehostesshadtheinvitations________(deliver)aweekbeforetheparty.(to)becomedeliveredtohandover1.WhenIcameback,Ifoundnobody______.Itwasempty.A.onB.outC.inD.away2.Thespeakerraisedhisvoicebutstillcouldn’tmakehimself______.A.hearB.tohearC.hearingD.heard3.Itiswisetohavesomemoney______foroldage.A.putawayB.keptupC.givenawayD.laidup4.Heslippedintotheroom,withouthimself______.A.seenB.beingseenC.seeingD.tosee5.Iheardthatyouwereelected______thistime.A.monitorB.themonitorC.amonitorD.mymonitor6.Foratimehisgrandmotherfound______accepthisnewidea.A.hardB.ithardC.ithardtoD.itishardto7.Pauldoesn’thavetobemade______.Healwaysworkshard.A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning8.Youcan’thavethehorse______alltheway.It’stoohot.A.runB.torunC.runningD.toberunningIndividualactivity注:另附word文档。点击此处链接1.JennyhopesthatMr.SmithwillsuggestagoodwaytohaveherwrittenEnglish______inashortperiod.(2007福建)A.improvedB.improvingC.toimproveD.improveI.Multiplechoice2.Afteraknockatthedoor,thechildheardhismother’svoice______him.(2007上海)A.calling B.called C.beingcalled D.tocall3.Thedirectorhadherassistant______somehotdogsforthemeeting.(2008全国)A.pickedupB.picksupC.pickupD.pickingup4.TolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglish______asmuchaswecan.(2008江苏)A.speak B.speaking C.spoken D.tospeak5.Nowthatwe’vediscussedoutproblem,arepeoplehappywiththedecisions______?(2009海南)A.taking B.take C.taken D.totake6.Theyusecomputerstokeepthetraffic______smoothly.

(2009全国)

A.beingrun

B.run

C.torun

D.running7.Listen!Doyouhearsomeone______forhelp?(2010湖南)A.callingB.callC.tocallD.called8.Alexandertriedtogethiswork_____inthemedicalcircles.(2010辽宁)A.torecognizeB.recognizingC.recognizeD.recognized9.Lucyhasagreatsenseofhumourandalwayskeepshercolleagues_____withherstories.(2010上海)A.amusedB.amusingC.toamuseD.tobeamused10.Eventhebestwriterssometimesfindthemselves______forwords.(2011浙江)A.loseB.lostC.toloseD.havinglost1.Isawhim_____(enter)theroom,_____(take)somethingand___(go)out.2.Pleasehavetheseboxes_______(carry)tothestationrightnow.entertakegocarriedII.Fillineachblankwiththeproperverbforms.3.Theyfoundanoldwoman_____(lie)ontheground.4.You’dbettergetadoctor_______(pull)outyourbadtooth.5.Hesatlisteningtoher_________(climb)thestairs.6.It’ssocoldtoday;wemustkeepthefire_______(burn).lyingtopullclimbingburning7.Weaskedtheteacher__________(explain)thesentenceagain.8.Heaskedfortheletter_________(send)atonce.9.Theworkersweremade_______(work)extrahourseveryday.10.Thedoctoraskedhimnottoleavehiswound________(expose).toexplaintobesenttoworkexposedIII.Translation1.Iwasabsent-mindedwhenIsuddenly____________________(听到喊我的名字).2.Hehadastrangewayof____________________________________(使他的课生动有趣).3.Thelittlegirldoesn’tknowhowto_________________(讲清楚自己的意思).heardmynamecalledmakinghisclasseslivelyandinterestinggetherideasacross4.Wefoundeverythinginthelab_____________(井然有序).5.Iwon’thavehim________________(那样骗我).6.Thepoorguywatchedhisbed____________________(被搬出屋去).7.Theguardsorderedus_____________(立刻离开).ingoodordercheatmelikethatcarriedoutoftheroomtoleaveatonceFillintheblankswiththewordsinthe______.A.abovebox B.belowbox C.boxabove D.underbox【解析】

above副词作定语应后置。AttributiveTherewasn’t______inthemanager’sspeech.Itwasboring.A.interestinganything B.somethinginterestingC.anythingofinteresting D.anythingofinterest【解析】作定语用的短语ofinterest修饰不定代词时要后置。这个句子是否定句，因此选项B不对。Attributive定语可以用作定语的有：名词或名词所有格、代词、数词、形容词、副词、词组或合成词、动词不定式、-ing形式、过去分词、介词短语和从句。英语句子中修饰名词，代词或其它名词化了词的句子成分叫定语。Therearethirty

womenteachersisourschool.（名词）What’syourteacher’sviewaboutthis?（名词所有格）HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprised.（代词）

Thetwoboysarestudents.

（数词）Guilinisabeautifulcity.（形容词）Theboythereneedsapen.（副词）Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.（动名词）Lastyearwebuiltathirteen-storey-highbuilding.（合成词）Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.（分词）Thereisnothingtodotoday.（动词不定式）TheboyinblueisTom.（介词短语）Theboywhoisreadingneedsthepenwhichyouboughtyesterday.

（从句）Ihavesomethingimportanttosay.（形容词修饰不定代词要后置）定语的位置一般有两种：用在所修饰词之前的叫前置定语，用在所修饰词之后的叫后置定语。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。但也有例外，如：Thepeoplehereareveryfriendly.

这里的人很友好。

Theylivedintheroomabove.

他们住在楼上的房间。（副词作定语要后置）Heisapersondependable.他是一个可以依靠的人。（动词、名词转化而来的以-able,-ible

结尾的形容词作定语要后置）在英语里，一般定语前置时的次序为：限定词，形容词、分词、动名词和名词性定语。但当几个形容词同时出现在名词短语之前，我们要注意其次序。其形容词遵循的词序为：限观形龄色国材，指：限定词（一般指数量）；外观（美丽等）；形状（大小，高矮，肥瘦）；年龄；颜色；国籍；材料；用途。如：afamousAmericanuniversityaninterestinglittleredFrenchoilpaintinganewplasticbucketpurplevelvetcurtainsanelegantGermanclock1.“Canyoufindthe______?”saidthepolicemantothelittleboy.A.waybackhome B.homewayback C.backhomeway D.backwayhome2.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,mostof______hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.A.theseB.themC.thatD.whichIndividualactivity注:另附word文档。点击此处链接1.Thehusbandgavehiswife______everymonthinordertopleaseher.(2004重庆)A.allhalfhisincomeB.hishalfallincomeC.halfhisallincomeD.allhishalfincome