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大学剑桥商务英语中级阅读分类模拟试题
READING
PARTONE
A
ManagementTrainees
Forthisexcitingpositionintheleisureindustryweareseekingmanagementtraineesto
developexcel-lentbuyingskills.Possiblyanewgraduate,thesuccessfulapplicantmayhave
experiencewithabignationalretailer,butmustcertainlypossessexcellentnegotiationand
communicationskills.
B
MarketingExecutive
Thisimportantpositionhasrecentlybeencreatedbyoneofthecountry'sleadingclothes
manufactruers.Itisanoutstandingopportunityforagraduatewithtwoyears'experienceindesign
ormagazinepublishing.Thesuccessfulcandidatewillbegivenresponsibilityforamajor,recently
launchedbrand.Itwouldbeanadvantagetohaveexperienceofpromotionalactivities.Excellent
fringebenefitsonoffer.
C
ProductManager
Thiscompanyhasatpresentabout30%ofthemarketandaturnoverofmorethan£500
million.Thepersonappointedwillhaveresponsibilityforalong-establishedproductwhichisa
householdname.Experienceintheinsurancemarketisnecessaryandabackgroundin
accountancywouldbehelpful.
D
GroupproductManager
Thisisarareopportunitytoworkataseniorlevelforamarketleaderinthefoodindustry,
locatedinthenorthofthecountry.ThepersonappointedwillreportdirectlytotheMarketing
Directorandtakefullresponsibilityforaturnoverinexcessof£80millionandateamofthree
managers.Applicantsneedtohaveaminimumoffiveyears'experienceinproductmanagement.A
marketresearchqualificationwouldbeanadvantage.
1、Togetthisjobitisnotnecessarytohaveworkexperience.
2、Suchahigh-rankingpositiondoesnotcomeupveryoften.
3、Experienceinadvertisingwouldbehelpfulinthisjob.
4、Thisjobwouldprobablysuitsomebodywhohasworkedinthepurchasingdepartmentofa
largechainofstories.
5、Threeyears'experiencewouldnotbeenoughforthisjob.
6、Forthisjobitwouldbeusefulifyouhavestudiedhowtocarryoutsurveysintoconsumer
attitudes.
7、Inthisjobyouwouldtakechargeofaproductwhichhasbeenonthemarketformanyyears.
PARTTWO
YESTERDAY'SIBM
IBMwasestablishedinthestateofNewYorkonJune15,1911astheComputing-
Tabulating-RecordingCompany.Butitsoriginscanbetracedbackto1890,whentheUnitedStates
wasexperiencingwavesofimmigration.TheU.S.CensusBureauknewitstraditionalmethodsof
countingwouldnotbeadequateformeasuringthepopulation,soitsponsoredacontesttofinda
moreefficientmeansoftabulatingcensusdata.ThewinnerwasHermanHollerith,whosePunch
CardTabulatingMachineusedanelectriccurrenttosenseholesinpunchcardsandkeepa
runningtotalofdata.Capitalizingonhissuccess,HollerithformedtheTabulatingMachineCo.in
1896.
8ThecombinedComputing-Tabulating-RecordingCo.,orC-T-R,manufacturedandsold
machineryrangingfromcommercialscalesandindustrialtimerecorderstomeatandcheese
slicersand,ofcourse,tabulatorsandpunchcards.
ThomasJ.Watsonjoinedthecompanyasgeneralmanagerin1914,whenthediversified
businessesofC-T-Rproveddifficulttomanage.Watsonboostedcompanyspiritwithemployee
sportsteams,familyoutingsandacompanyband.Hepreachedapositiveoutlook,andhisfavorite
sloganwas"THANK".9Heunderstoodthatthesuccessoftheclienttranslatedintothesuccess
ofhiscompany,abeliefthat,yearslater,manifesteditselfinthepopularsaying,"Nobodywasever
firedforbuyingfromIBM."
Within11monthsofjoiningC-T-R,Watsonbecameitspresident.Thecompanyfocusedon
providinglarge-scale,custom-builttabulatingsolutionsforbusinesses,leavingthemarketforsmall
officeproductstoothers.DuringWatson'sfirstfouryears,revenuesdoubledto$2million.He
alsoexpandedthecompany'soperationstoEurope,SouthAmerica,AsiaandAustralia.10
DuringtheGreatDepressionofthe1930s,IBMmanagedtogrowwhiletherestoftheU.S.
economystruggled.Watsontookcareofhisemployees.11Whilemostbusinesseshadshut
down,Watsonkepthisworkersbusyproducingnewmachinesevenwhiledemandwasslack.
Thankstotheresultinglargeinventoryofequipment,IBMwasreadywhentheSocialSecurityAct
of1935broughtthecompanyalandmarkgovernmentcontracttomaintainemploymentrecordsfor
26millionpeople.Itwascalled"thebiggestaccountingoperationofalltime,"anditwentsowell
thatordersfromotherU.S.governmentdepartmentsquicklyfollowed.
IBM'ssizeandsuccessinspirednumerousanti-trustactions.A1952suitbytheJustice
Department,settledfouryearslater,forcedIBMtosellitstabulatingmachines—atthetime,IBM
offeredthemonlythroughleases—inordertoestablishacompeting,used-machinemarket.
Anotherfederalanti-trustsuitdraggedonforthirteenyearsuntiltheJusticeDepartmentconcluded
itwas"withoutmerit"anddroppeditin1982.12
A.IBMwasamongthefirstcorporationstoprovidegrouplifeinsurance,survivorbenefits
andpaidvacations.
B.IBMisthemostprominentcasualtyofthetechnologyspendingfreeze,butothersare
sufferingaswell.
C.In1911,Hollerith'scompanywasmergedwithtwoothers,ComputingScaleCo.,of
AmericaandInternationalTimeRecordingCo.
D.Butitsoriginscanbetracedbackto1890,whentheUnitedStateswasexperiencing
wavesofimmigration.
E.IBM'scompetitorsfiled20anti-trustsduringthe1970sandnonesucceeded.
F.In1924,toreflectC-T-R'sgrowingworldwidepresence,itsnamewaschangedto
InternationalBusinessMachineCorp.,orIBM.
G.Watsonalsostressedtheimportanceofthecustomer,alastingIBMprinciple.
PARTTHREE
DepartmentStoreMagic
Formostofthe20thcenturySmithson'swasoneofBritain'smostsuccessfuldepartment
stores,butbythemid-1990s,ithadbecomedull.Stillprofitable,thankslargelytoaseriesof
successfuladvertisingcampaigns,butdecidedlyboring.Thefamouswerecarefulnottobeseen
there,anditssalesstaffdidn'tseemtohavechangedsincethestoreopenedin1908.Worstofall,
itscustomerswerebuyingfewerandfewerofitsownbrandproducts,themajorpartofitsbusiness,
andshowingapreferenceformorefashionablebrands.
Butnowallthehaschanged,thankstoRowenaBaker,whobecameSmithson'sfirstwoman
ChiefExecutivethreeyearsago.Sincethen,whilemostmajorretailersinBritainhavebeenlosing
money,Smithson'sprofitshavebeenrisingsteadily.WhenBakerstarted,alotofimprovements
hadjustbeenmaketothebuilding,withouthavinganyeffectonsales,andshetookthebold
decisiontoinviteoneofEurope'smostexcitinginteriordesignerstodevelopthefashionarea,the
heartofthestore.Thisveryquicklyledtorisingsales,evenbeforethegoodsondisplaywere
changed.Andassalesgrew,sodidprofits.
Bakerhadambitiousplansforthestorefromthestart,'We'replayingabiggame,toprove
we'reuptherewiththeleadersinoursector,andwehavetomakesurepeoplegetthatmessage.
Smithson'shadfallenbehindthecompetition.Itprovideatraditionalservicetargetedat
middle-aged,middle-incomecustomers,who'dbeenshoppingthereforyears,andthecustomer
basewasgraduallycontracting.Ourideaistosellsuchanexcitingvarietyofgoodsthateveryone
willwanttocomein,whethertheyplantospendalittleoralot.'Baker'svisionforthestoreisclear,
butachievingitisfarfromsimple.Atfirst,manyemployeesresistedherimprovementsbecause
theyjustwouldn'tbepersuadedthattherewasanythingwrongwiththewaythey'dalwaysdone
things,eveniftheyacceptedthatthestorehadtoovertakeitscompetitors.Ittookmanylong
meetings,involvingtheentireworkforce,towintheirsupport.Ithelpedwhentheyrealisedthat
Bakerwasaverydifferentkindofmanagerfromtheonestheyhadknown.
Baker'sstaffpoliciescontainedmoresurprises.Theuniformthathadhardlychangedsince
dayonehasnowdisappeared.Moreover,teenagersnowgetyoungshopassistants,andstaffin
thesportsdepartmentsarethemselvessportsfansintrainers.AsBakerexplains,'Howcanyou
seejeansifyou'rewearingablacksuit?Smithson'shasanewidentity,andthisneedstobemade
cleartothecustomers.'She'salsogiveneverysalesassistantresponsibilityforensuringcustomer
satisfaction,evenifitmeansoccasionallybreakingcompanyrulesinthehopecompanyprofits.
RowenaBakerisprovingsuccessful,buttheCity'sbiginvestorshaven'tbeenpersuaded.
Accordingtoretailanalyst,JohnMatthews,'Moneyhadalreadybeeninvestedinrefurbishmentof
thestoreandinfactthatledtotheboostinsales.Shetookthecredit,buthadn'tdoneanythingto
achieveit.Andinmyviewthecompany'sshareholdersarenotconvinced.Thefactisthatunless
sheopensseveralmorestoresprettysoon,Smithson'sprofitswillstarttofallbecauseturnoverat
theexistingstorewillinevitablystarttodecline.'
13、Accordingtothewriter,inthemid-1990sSmithson'sdepartmentstore
A.wasmakingaloss.
B.hadaproblemkeepingstaff.
C.wasunhappywithitsadvertisingagency.
D.mostlysoldgoodsundertheSmithson'sname.
14、Accordingtothewriter,Smithson'sprofitsstartedrisingthreeyearsagobecauseof
A.animprovementintheretailingsector.
B.thepreviousworkdoneonthestore.
C.RowenaBaker'schoiceofdesigner.
D.achangeintheproductsonsale.
15、AccordingtoRowenaBaker,oneproblemwhichSmithson'sfacedwhenshejoinedwas
that
A.thenumberofpeopleusingthestorewasfallingslowly.
B.itscompetitorsofferedamorespecialisedrangeofproducts.
C.thestore'spricesweresetatthewronglevel.
D.customerswereunhappywiththeserviceprovided.
16、Accordingtothewriter,manystaffopposedBaker'splansbecause
A.theywereunwillingtochangetheirwayofworking.
B.theydisagreedwithhergoalsforthestore.
C.theyfelttheywerenotconsultedenoughaboutthechanges.
D.theywereunhappywithherstyleofmanagement.
17、Bakerhaschangedstaffpoliciesbecauseshebelievesthat.
A.thecorporateimagecanbeimprovedthroughstaffuniforms.
B.thepreviousruleswerenotfairtocustomers.
C.customersshouldbeabletoidentifywiththestaffservingthem.
D.employeesshouldshareincompanyprofits.
18、WhatproblemdoesJohnMatthewsthinkSmithson'sisfacing?
A.Moremoneyneedstobeinvestedinthepresentstore.
B.Thecompany'sprofitswillonlycontinuetoriseifitexpands.
C.Therefurbishmentofthestoreisprovingunpopularwithcustomers.
D.Smithson'sshareholdersexpectaquickreturnontheirinvestments.
PARTFOUR
WhoBenefitsMostfromCompanyTraining?
Accordingtorecentresearch,thebettereducatedandthehigherupthesocioeconomic
scaleyouare,themorelikelyyouaretobeofferedworkplacetraining.And,incidentally,themore
likelyyouaretothenturn19theoffer,pleadingfamilyandpersonalcommitmentsor20of
work.Lessqualifiedstaff,ontheotherhand,areofferedfewertrainingopportunities,butaremore
eagerto21themup.Infact,peoplewithfewornoeducationalqualificationsarethreetimes
morelikelytoaccepttrainingwhenitisoffered.
Inthemajorityofcompanies,more22areallocatedtomanagementtrainingthanto
otherareas.Employers23theirbetterqualifiedstaffasmoreimportanttothebusiness,so
theypaythemaccordinglyandinvestmoreinthemin24oftraining.Thisis25bythefact
thatorganizationsaredependentonproperly26managersmakingtherightdecisions.But
this27maymeanthatcompaniesare28otherpartsoftheworkforcedown.
Theresearchersfoundagrowingdemandfortrainingamongthelower-skilled.Unfortunately
thisdemandisnotbeing29byemployers,eventhoughtherearestrongindicationsthat
companieswouldbenefitfromdoingso.Theyalsodiscoveredthat,despitethe
substantial30betweenthetrainingprovidedformanagersandthatofferedtootherstaff,there
wasstillwidespreadendorsementoftraining.
Forthepurposesoftheresearch,trainingwasdefinedasany31ofplannedinstruction
ortuitionprovidedbyanemployerwiththeaimofhelpingemployeesdotheirworkbetter.It
thereforeincludedawidevarietyofapproaches.On-the-jobandclassroomtraining32tobe
usedequallybyemployers.Butlearningonthejob,whichinvolvedobservingacertainprocedure
andthenpractisingit,waseasilythemostpopularmethodforallcategoriesofemployees.While
manyfeltthatlearningfromcolleagueswasbest,veryfew33theinternetasaneffectiveway
totrain.
19、A.backB.overC.downD.off
20、A.forceB.pressureC.strainD.load
21>A.pickB.keepC.takeD.put
22、A.meansB.reservesC.financesD.resources
23、A.imagineB.regardC.supposeD.know
24、A.requirementsB.specificationsC.statesD.terms
25、A.allowedB.approvedC.justifiedD.accepted
26、A.understandingB.intelligentC.informedD.knowledgeable
27、A.stressB.emphasisC.weightD.strength
28、A.lettingB.cuttingC.breakingD.setting
29、A.reachedB.achievedC.gainedD.met
30、A.spaceB.gapC.holeD.room
31、A.frameB.structureC.formD.order
32、A.showedB.appearedC.demonstratedD.presented
33、A.ratedB.thoughtC.markedD.believed
PARTFIVE
•Inmostofthelinesthereisoneextraword.Itiseithergrammaticallyincorrectordoesnot
fitinwiththemeaningofthetext.Somelines,however,arecorrect.
•Ifalineiscorrect,writeCORRECTonyourAnswerSheet.
•Ifthereisanextrawordintheline,writetheextrawordinCAPITALLETTERSonyour
AnswerSheet.
AMemotoSomeMarketingDirectors
Re:NewAdCampaign
Developmentofournextmagazineadvertisingcampaignisunderway,ournew
advertisingfirm,MarshallandDupree,hashavepreparedtwocontrasting
34approachesforustoconsider.Wemustoughtchoosebetweenthesetwo
35conceptsatthisstagesothatMarshallandDupreecancontinuethe
36developmentofourchoice.Developmentoftwobothapproachesbeyondthis
37stageisprohibitivelyexpensive.Therefore,Iamenclosingtwosketcheswhich
38areintendedtogiveyouanmyideaofwhatthefinal,photographedads
39wouldlooklike.Asyouwillseefromthefirstsketch,thisadreflectsour
40thetraditionaladvertisingapproachofpresentingourautomobilesinan
41attractivesettingthatwouldappealtoaffluentcustomers.Thisparticular
42adshowsourspiritmodelandtheyassociatesitwithanactive,sportingcouple.
43Tousinganewdepartureforthesecondad,MarshallandDupreehasresponded
44ittothecurrentdemandforhighqualityworkmanship,Thequotefromthe
45assemblylineworkerisintendedtoinstillconfidenceintheexcellenceof
ourproducts.Inaddition,theadhastheeffectofhumanizingourcompanyinthe
eyesofthepublic.
答案:
READING
PARTONE
1、2、3、4、5、6、7、
PARTTWO
8、9、10、11、12、
PARTTHREE
13、D14、C15、A16、A17、C18、B
PARTFOUR
19、C
[解析]固定搭配题。该空格处应该填入一个可以和动词turn搭配的介词,同时又可以后接宾语
offero通过对四个选项进行分析可知,这四个介词均可以与turn搭配;turnback意为“往回走,阻挡”;
turnover意为"移交给,把……反过来”;turndown意为"拒绝";turnoff意为"关掉,关闭”;将这四个
短语语义代入原文,选项C最符合文义。
空格所在句语义为:“当你越有可能被给予培训的机会,然而,你却越容易拒绝它。”
20、B
[解析]语义理解题。文中此处缺少一个名词与work搭配,构成拒绝培训的理由之一,将四个选
项进行分析可知只有选项B最符合要求。短语pressureofwork意为“工作压力”;选项A意为“力量,军
队”;选项C意为“紧张,张力”;选项D意为“载重,负载",workload意为“工作量”。
空格所在句语义为:“拒绝的理由有:家人的恳求,个人所承担的一些义务和工作压力。”
21、C
[解析]固定搭配题。题中空格处需填入一个和介词up搭配的动词,四个选项动词均可以和介词
up搭配,故需要判定每个短语的意思是否符合文章语境。选项A中pick与up搭配意为“捡起,拿起”;
选项BU」keep与up搭配意为“保持,继续”;选项C中take与up搭配意为“接受,占有”;选项DUput与
叩搭配意为“举起,建造”;将四个短语分别代入文章之中,可以判定选项C为正确答案,takethemup
在文中指接受培训的机会。
空格所在句语义为:“那些技能差的员工很少能够得到培训的机会,但是他们都很渴望接受培
训。”
22、D
[解析]惯用搭配题。此处需填入一个名词与动词allocate搭配。选项A意为“方式,手段”;选项B
意为“储备,储存”;选项C意为“财政,金融”;这三个选项均不能与allocate搭配,故排除。选项D意
为“资源,财力”,可以与allocate搭配,allocateresources意为“分配资源”。
空格所在句语义为:“在大多数公司,资源都被分配到管理培训中去。”
23、B
[解析]固定搭配题。此处需填入一个动词与后面的介词as搭配,通过对题中四个选项的分析,只
有选项B中regard可以与as搭配,意为“把……当作,认为”。其余三个选项均不能与as构成搭配。
空格所在句语义为:“老板认为优质的员工对于企业更为重要。”
24、D
[解析]固定短语题。本题考查对固定短语intermsof的用法,intermsof意为"在……方面,根
空格所在句语义为:“所以他们在培训方面投入得更多。”
25、C
[解析]惯用搭配题。此题空格处所填入的动词必须能够与fact搭配。选项A意为“允许,容许";选
项B意为“同意,批准”;选项D意为“接受,承认”;这三个选项均不能与fact搭配。只有选项C可以与fact
构成语义搭配,thisisjustifiedbythefactthat……意为“事实证明……工
空格所在句语义为:“事实证明:公司的运营需要依靠那些信息十分灵通的经理来做正确的决
定。”
26、C
[解析]语义理解题。此题空格处需要填入一个形容词,同时还要能够被副词properly所修饰。选
项A意为“理解的,了解的";选项B意为“聪明的,智能的”;选项D意为“有学问的,博学的”;以上三个
选项都能被properly修饰,故只有选项C符合条件,选项C意为“了解的,消息灵通的”,properlyinformed
manager意为“言息十分灵通的经理”。
空格所在句语义为:“事实证
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