2022届高三英语全国统考一轮复习练习：提分练(十) 阅读理解提能练

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高考题型提分练（十）阅读理解提能练

（限时35分钟）

I.阅读理解

A

GuanShanyueArtMuseum

Morethan130ChineseMeticulous-styleorGongbipaintingsby57

youngChineseartistsarebeingexhibitedatthe“YouthKoans:The

SeventhGuanShanyueArtMuseum“untilAug.2.Entryisfreeandvisitors

arerequiredtobooktheirvisitinadvanceonthemuseum'sWeChat

account"gsyart.”

Venue:GuanShanyueArtMuseum,FutianDistrict

Metro:Line3or4toChildren'sPalaceStation,ExitF

'Cosmos'

The“Cosmos“exhibition（88yuan）,runninguntilSept.20,

re-createsinteractivescenesbasedonconceptsorhiddenphysicallaws

foundbyscientistslikeAlbertEinstein,FelixKlein,DavidHilbert,

HendrikLorentz,ErwinSchrodingerandStephenWilliamHawking.

Venue:OneAvenue,FutianDistrict

Metro:Line1toGangxiaStation,ExitB

'BlazingElement

Nineteenartistsandstudiosareinvitedtoexploretherelationship

betweenfireandthreematerials:metal,ceramics(制陶业)andglassat

the"BlazingElement"exhibition(38yuan)runninguntilOct.11.New

formsemergefromthecombinationofvariousmaterials,andthe

artists'uniqueworldviewsareinsetwithinthem.

Venue:AN+ArtandDesignCenter,3/F,PAFCMall,FutianDistrict

Metro:Line1or3toShoppingParkStation,ExitD

SeaWorld

The"ValuesofDesign:ChinaintheMaking"exhibition(68yuan),

runninguntilDec.20,showcases138Chineseworksandexploresthe

growingfieldofChinesedesign.AndGroundwork,anarchitecturestudio

basedinHongKong,hasbuiltasoftspace“Art-Toy“forvisitorstoplay

inuntillateAugust.

Venue:SeaWorldCultureandArtsCenter,NanshanDistrict

Metro:Line2toSeaWorldStation,ExitA(SDNews)

【文章大意】这是一篇说明文一一广告，简单介绍了四项活动举办的时

间、地点和乘车路线。

1.Whatwillbeagoodchoiceforastudentinterestedinphysics?

A.GuanShanyueArtMuseum.

B.'BlazingElement.

C.SeaWorld.

D.'Cosmos'.

【解析】选D。细节理解题。第一个是美术展览，涉及中国工笔画;第

二个是宇宙知识介绍，提到了爱因斯坦、霍金等科学家;第三个闪耀元

素涉及化学知识，介绍火与三种材料的关系;第四个介绍建筑与设计。

2.Whichsubwaywouldyoutakeifyouwanttoappreciatepainting

exhibition?

A.Line1or3.B.Line1.

C.Line3or4.D.Line2.

【解析】选C。细节理解题。美术展览是第一个，地点是关山月美术馆,

乘车路线是地铁3号或4号线。

3.Whichcostsleastinthefouractivities?

A.GuanShanyueArtMuseum.

B.'BlazingElement.

C.SeaWorld.

D.'Cosmos'.

【解析】选A。细节理解题。比较判断四个活动的费用，第一个美术展

览免费，第二个宇宙知识88元，第三个38元，第四个68元，故选A。

B

Ifyouareastudentattendingaformalexam,thereisprobablya

pencilathand.Haveyoueverwonderedwherepencilscomefrom?Or

howgraphite（石墨）wasreallydiscovered,leadingtothedevelopment

ofnumerouskindsandtypesofpencilsthatarecurrentlyavailable?

ModernpencilsoweagreatdealtoanancientRomanwriting

instrumentcalledaStylus.Itisbasicallyathinmetalrodthatwasusedby

scholarstoleavealightreadablemarkonthepaperusedinthosetimes.

However,thehistoryoftheever-evolvingpencilsdoesn'tstopthere.

Thencamethewidespreaduseofgraphiteafterahugeamountof

graphitewasdiscoveredinEnglandinthe1560s.Graphitewas

appreciatedgreatlyforbeingreallydark.However,itprovedtobereally

fragileandsoft.Itrequiredaproperholderforonetobeabletocontainit.

Atfirst,graphitestickswerewrappedinstrings,andlater,these

stickswerepresentedinwood-cases,givingbirthtotheveryfirst

wood-casedpencil.Basically,thegraphitewasinsertedinwoodensticks

thatwerehollowedout.Soitlookedlikesticksofgraphitewerebeing

enclosedwithinsimilar-shapedwoodcasesorcoverings.

Accordingtohistory,thefirst-everpencilsweremass-producedin

Germanyin1662,makingitthebirthplaceofthesepencils.Companies

likeFaber-CastellandSteadtlercameintoexistence,forminganactive

globalpencilindustrythatcontinuedtodevelopthroughouttheperiodof

the19thCenturyIndustrialRevolution.

Eversincethepencilindustrybegantoflourish,differenttypesand

kindsofpencilswerediscoveredandwerecategorizedaccordingtotheir

hardnesslevelsandtheamountofblackcolortheywereabletoproduce.

Theywerealsosplitintermsofhowlightordarktheywere,aswellas

howheavyorlighttheirleadwas.

【文章大意】文章介绍了人们对铅笔原材料石墨的应用及铅笔的发展

历史。

4.Whywasgraphitewidelyusedinthesixteenthcentury?

A.Graphitebecamegreatlyavailable.

B.TheStyluswastooheavytohold.

C.Scholarspreferredusinggraphite.

D.Industrialrevolutiontookplace.

【解析】选A。细节理解题。文章提至Ithewidespreaduseofgraphite

afterahugeamountofgraphitewasdiscoveredinEnglandinthe1560s可

知，在16世纪60年代英格兰发现了大量石墨，石墨开始被广泛使用。

5.Whatisthedisadvantageofusinggraphite?

A.Itisveryrare.B.Itisexpensive.

C.Itbreakseasily.D.Ithasdarkcolor.

【解析】选C。细节理解题。文章提及However,itprovedtobereally

fragileandsoft.可知，石墨易碎，由此得知C项正确。

6.Accordingtothepassage,whichcountryisthebirthplaceofmodern

pencils?

A.Rome.B.Germany.

C.Britain.D.France.

【解析】选B。细节理解题。文章第四段提到thefirst-everpencilswere

mass-producedinGermanyin1662,makingitthebirthplaceofthese

pencils可知，大规模量产的铅笔始于德国，使得德国成为铅笔的诞生

之地。

7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“flourish“meaninthelastparagraph?

A.Takeoff.B.Breakdown.

C.Fadeaway.D.Settledown.

【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据文章中differenttypesandkindsof

pencilswerediscoveredandwerecategorized可知，各式各样种类繁多

的铅笔被制造出来，可得知铅笔制造业开始繁荣起来。

C

Thetidying-upwonderknownasMarieKondohasashowonNetflix,

andbyallaccounts,itseemstobepopularamongthemasses.Kondo's

basicideatodeterminewhetherweneedsomethingistoaskifsomething

sparksjoy—andifitdoesnot,thenitisnotneeded.

ThewriterAnakanaSchofield,however,tweetedthefollowing

messages:aDoNOTlistentoMarieKondoorKonmariinrelationtobooks.

Fillyourapartment&worldwiththem.Idon'tcareifyouthrowoutyour

clothesbutthewomanisverymisguidedaboutbooks.Everyhumanneeds

alibrary,notclean,boringshelves."

NowSchofieldhaspennedanessayatTheGuardianonthetopic,

notingthat“MarieKondoadvisesustogiveupreadingwedon'tfind

joyful.Butone'spersonallibraryshoulddomuchmorethangetwarm

feelings."Itssuchagoodpoint.Ilookattherowsofbooksonmyshelves

andwhileIcan'thelpbuttonoticethattheyarenottidy,Iwouldnever

tossthem.

Doeseveryoneofthosebooksbringmyjoy?No.Somearehard.But

tossthem?Noway!Ascollections,allofmybookscreatetheirown

narrative,anotherwiseimpossibletimelineofmylife.Andbeyondthem

beingapartofmyhistory,Ithinkaboutwhatwentintoeachbook.

Everyword,ofthemillionsofwordslivingonmybookshelves,was

writtenwiththought;everysentencecraftedwithintention.Mypersonal

libraryislikeamicrocosm（缩影）ofhumanity,ofmyowndesign.

Andasfortheunreadbooks?Thatabookisunreadshouldnotbean

indicationofitsuselessness,rather,apromiseofitspotential.Itslike

havingagifttoopenoravacationtolookforwardto.Astackofunread

booksisahallwayofdoors,eachleadingtoanunknownadventure.

【文章大意】本文是议论文。整理奇才近藤麻理惠在Netflix上有一个

节目，很受人们的追捧，近藤认为不能激发快乐的东西都是不需要的

东西，可以扔掉。作者家里有很多藏书，不是所有的书都能激发快乐，

但作者并不认为需要扔掉这些书，他认为个人的图书馆就像自己设计

的一个人性的缩影，一本未读的书，也并不应表明其无用，而表明其有

潜力，就像将要打开的礼物或期待的假期，一堆堆未读的书就像是门

的走廊，每本书都通向一个未知的冒险。

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“wonder“inParagraph1referto?

A.Talent.B.Program.

C.Attraction.D.Company.

【解析】选Ao词义猜测题。根据第一段第一句话"Thetidying-upwonder

knownasMarieKondohasashowonNetflix,andbyallaccounts,it

seemstobepopularamongthemasses."可知，整理奇才近藤麻理惠在

Netflix上有一个节目，从各方面来看，它似乎在大众中很受欢迎。所以

wonder在这里是指“奇才，能干的人〃，故答案为选项A。

9.WhatisnotneededaccordingtoMarieKondo?

A.Somethingthatcan'tcreatewonder.

B.Somethingthatcan'tgiveyoupleasure.

C.Somethingthatisnotpopular.

D.Somethingthatcan'twarmourfeelings.

【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话伙ondo'sbasicidea

todeterminewhetherweneedsomethingistoaskifsomethingsparks

joy—andifitdoesnot,thenitisnotneeded.”可知，近藤确定我们是否

需要某样东西的基本原则是询问某样东西是否激发快乐，如果没有，

则不需要。故选B。

10.WhatisAnakanaSchofield'sattitudetowardsMarieKondoabout

books?

A.Disapproving.B.Favorable.

C.Ambiguous.D.Acceptable.

【解析】选A。态度观点题。根据第二段中的"D。NOTlistentoMarie

KondoorKonmariinrelationtobooks...butthewomanisvery

misguidedaboutbooks."以及第三段中的"MarieKondoadvisesustogive

upreadingwedon'tfindjoyful.Butone'spersonallibraryshoulddomuch

morethangetwarmfeelings.”可以推断出作家AnakanaSchofield反对近

藤麻理惠对处理书的态度。故选A。

11.Whatisthewriter/spurposeofwritingthetext?

A.Toadvisepeopletoreadthebooks.

B.Toencouragepeopletobuythebooks.

C.Tointroducethebookshecollects.

D.Totellpeoplenottothrowawayyourbooks.

【解析】选D。写作目的题。根据文章最后两段:作者家里有很多藏书,

不是所有的书都能激发快乐，但作者并不认为需要扔掉这些书，他认

为个人的图书馆就像自己设计的一个人性的缩影，一本未读的书，也

并不应表明其无用，而表明其有潜力，就像将要打开的礼物或期待的

假期，一堆堆未读的书就像是门的走廊，每本书都通向一个未知的冒

险。可知作者写这篇文章的目的是要告诉人们不要扔掉家里的藏书。

故选Do

D

The47,000InuitwholiveinCanada/sArcticspeakfivedialectsof

Inuktutanduseninewritingsystems.Thedialectsaresimilarenoughthat

anInukfromonegroupcanpuzzleoutwhataspeakerfromanotheris

saying.Thewritingsystems,inventedbyChristianmissionaries（传教士）

startinginthe18thcentury,arebiggerbarrierstocomprehension.Three

usesyllabics-characterstorepresentsyllables（音节）一ratherthanthe

Romanalphabet.Bothsystemscanbeaddedwithdiacriticalmarks（变音

符）thatchangepronunciationandmeaning.Communicationisdifficult

andtranslatingtextbooksandgovernmentdocumentsexpensive.

Partlybecauseofthesedifficulties,Inuktut,agroupoflanguages

spokenby39,000Inuit,isgivinggroundtoEnglish.InNunavut,the

northernmostCanadianterritory,wheremostInuitlive,notallschools

offerclassesinInuktuteventhoughtheterritoryhasmandatedbilingual

educationby2020.Mostphonesandkeyboardsneedextrasoftwareto

handlesyllabics,soyoungInuittextandemailmainlyinEnglish,says

CrystalMartin-LapenskieoftheNationalInuitYouthCouncil.

OnSeptember26thInuitTapiriitKanatami,thenationalInuit

organization,decidedtorelievethesedifficultiesbyadoptingaunified

writingsystem.InuktutQaliujaaqpait,thenewwritingsystem,willuse

combinationsofromanletterstorepresentthesoundsinallfivedialects.

ItisawritingsystemcreatedbyInuitforInuit,saysNatanObed,the

group'spresident.

Gettingtothispointwasnoteasy,fortheInuitaimforconsistence.

Acommitteetookeightyearstoachieveit.Elderswhogrewupwith

syllabicsworrythattheshifttoromanletterswoulderasepartoftheir

culture.Linguistshadtocomeupwithwaystodistinguishbetween

sounds,likedifferentwaysofpronouncing"r",withoutusingdiacritics,

whichaddanextrastepintyping.Everysoundhadtoberepresented.

Therecouldbe"n。dialectleftbehind”,saysMichaelCook,alinguist

whoworkedontheproject.

TheNunatsiaqNews,anewspaperthatcirculatesintheeastern

Arctic,willcontinuetousesyllabicsinitsInuktuttext,saysitseditor,

JimBell.ThegovernmentsofNunavutandofCanada,thenewspaper's

biggestadvertisers,stillwantadvertisementssetinsyllabicsandinthe

romanorthography（拼写法）nowusedforInuinnaqtun,anofficial

languageintheterritory.MrBell“canforeseealongtransitionperiod”.In

thenorth,changecancomeataglacialpace.

【文章大意】因纽特人是美洲原住民之一，他们分布于北极圈周围，包

括格陵兰、阿拉斯加以及加拿大的努纳武特地区等。加拿大的北极地

区生活有4万7千多名因纽特人，他们说因纽特语，但是有5种方言,9

种书写系统，这造成了沟通的困难。为了解决这一问题，因纽特社区决

定推行一套统一的书写系统，但新系统的实施仍然需要经历很长一段

时间。

12.WhatcontributestothedifficultyincommunicationforInuit?

A.Longdistance.

B.Variousaccents.

C.Differentwritingsystems.

D.Severegeographicsituation.

【解析】选Co细节理解题。根据第一段前两句话“The47,000Inuitwho

liveinCanada'sArcticspeakfivedialectsofInuktutanduseninewriting

systems.ThedialectsaresimilarenoughthatanInukfromonegroupcan

puzzleoutwhataspeakerfromanotherissaying.居住在力口拿大目匕极地

区的47000名因纽特人讲5种因纽特语方言，并使用9种书写系统，这

些方言足够相似，以至于一名来自某个族群的因纽特人苦苦思索才能

琢磨出另一名来自其他族群的人在说什么〃o可知是因纽特语中多种方

言和不同的书写系统导致因纽特人的沟通困难，故答案为C项。

13.HowdoesParagraph4develop?

A.Bylistingfigures.

B.Bygivingexamples.

C.Bymakingcomparison.

D.Bydrawingconclusions.

【解析】选B。细节理解题。第四段介绍了新的书写体系在实施过程中

遇到的困难，其中列举了从小习惯使用音节符号的老年人和语言学家

们的例子，前者担心转向罗马字母会使他们一部分文化消失，后者不

得不设计出各种区分声音的方法，故答案为B项。

14.Whatcanweknowfromthepassage?

A.YoungpeoplepreferEnglishtoInuitwhentextingmessages.

B.ThenewwritingsystemiscreatedbyChristianmissionaries.

C.Inthenorththeshifttothenewwritingsystemcanbeverysmooth.

D.ThenewwritingsystemiswellacceptedandpromotedbyThe

NunatsiaqNews.

【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段"Mostphonesandkeyboards

needextrasoftwaretohandlesyllabics,soyoungInuittextandemail

mainlyinEnglish大多数手机和键盘都需要额外的软件来处理因纽特语

音节，因此因纽特年轻人主要使用英语来发短信和邮件”可知A项正确;

第三段"ItisawritingsystemcreatedbyInuitforInuit这是一套由因纽

特人为因纽特人创造的书写系统”可知B项不正确;根据最后一段“The

NunatsiaqNews,anewspaperthatcirculatesintheeasternArctic,will

continuetousesyllablesinitsInuktuttext...Inthenorth,changecan

comeataglacialpace《努纳特西亚新闻》是一份在北极东部地区发行

的报纸，报纸将继续在因纽特语版本中使用音节符号在北方，变化

可以以极其缓慢的速度进行”可知C、D项不正确。

15.Inwhichpartcanthispassagebefoundinamagazine?

A.StoriesB.Culture

C.EntertainmentD.Environment

【解析】选B。推理判断题。本文主要介绍了因纽特人方言和语言体系

多样造成了沟通的困难。为了解决这一问题，因纽特社区决定推行一套

统一的书写系统，但新系统的实施仍然需要经历很长一段时间，属于

文化范畴，故答案为B项。

n.阅读填句

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Pushyourselfandyou'llfindhowstrongyouare

Howstrongareyou?Thatisatoughquestiontoanswerbothtoa

manandawoman.Buthowdoyoudefineyourstrength?Howdoyou

knowyourlimits?1Whenpushcomestopress,weoftendiscover

thatwearemuchstrongerthanwethink.

2Strengthisnotalwaysaboutpurephysicalstrength.Rather,

itisaboutwillpower.Itisaboutthecapacitytogetthingsdone.

Iknowsomepeoplewhoareintellectuallystrong,buttheygetvery

littledoneintheirjobs.AndIknowotherswhofindworkextremely

challenging,butareabletomovemountainsbytheirfulldriveandhard

work.Theypossessinnerstrength.

Moreinterestingisthattheseproductivehard-workersoftendon't

evennoticetheload.Bystandersarenotonlyamazedbutoftenask,

“Howdoyoudoit?”Theanswerusuallycomesback,"\justworkharder

thantheothers."

So,whyaresomepeopleabletodomore?Whatgivesthemadded

drive?Whatgivesthemextrastrength?Coulditbe,theyhavesimply

giventhemselvespermissiontodomore?

Self-setlimits.3Sometimestheseboundariesarebasedon

pastexperiences.Sometimestheyarebasedonsensedcapacities.

Sometimestheselimitsarebasedonnothing.So,howdowebreak

throughtheselimits?Howdowegetstronger?

Pushingit.Manypeoplearegoingthroughthemotions,butare

nowhereneartheirlimits.4Pushingitiswhatittakestoincrease

yourlimits.

Inthegym,bodybuildersdiscoveredthislongago.But,thesame

principleistruewhenitcomestoinnerstrength.Disciplineanddrive.

Wanttotestyourlimits?Pushyourself.Testyourself-awarelimitationto

seehowaccuratetheyare.Makesureyourgoalsareslightlybeyondwhat

youthinkcanbeachieved.

Youarestrongerthanyouthin