定语从句在写作中的应用讲义-高考英语作文复习专项

定语从句在高考英语写作中的应用定语从句分类1.Restrictiveadjectiveclauses:Theseclausesprovideessentialinformationaboutthenountheymodifyandwithoutit,thesentencewouldnotmakesense.Example:Thewomanwhoiswearingareddressismysister.2.Nonrestrictiveadjectiveclauses:Theseclausesprovideadditionalinformationaboutthenountheymodify,buttheyarenotessentialtothemeaningofthesentence.Example:Mysister,whoiswearingareddress,justarrived.3.Adjectiveclauseswithprepositions:Theseclausesuseaprepositionafterthepronoun"whom"tomodifythenoun.Example:ThepersonwithwhomIwenttothepartyismybestfriend.4.Adjectiveclauseswithindefinitepronouns:Theseclausesusetheindefinitepronouns"whoever,whatever,whenever,wherever"tomodifythenoun.Example:Iwillhirewhoeveristhebestcandidateforthejob.5.Adjectiveclauseswithrelativeadverbs:Theseclausesuserelativeadverbslike"when,where,why"tomodifythenoun.Example:Thedaywhenwefirstmetwasunforgettable.6.Adjectiveclauseswithparticiples:Theseclausesusepresentorpastparticiplestomodifythenoun.Example:Theboyrunningintheparkismyneighbor.7.Adjectiveclauseswith"that":Theseclausesusethepronoun"that"insteadof"who"or"whom"tomodifythenoun.Example:ThebookthatIreadlastnightwasreallygood.Thesearejustafewexamplesofthedifferentformsofadjectiveclauses.Adjectiveclausesareaplexgrammaticalstructure,butmasteringthemcangreatlyimproveyourwritingandspeakingskillsinEnglish.在具体情境下的应用，比如网络购物：Sure,herearefiveexamplesofeachformofadjectiveclausesinthecontextofshoppingonline:1.Restrictiveadjectiveclauses:a.ThewebsitethatsellstheproductIwantiscurrentlydown.b.Ionlybuyfromsellerswhoofferfreeshipping.c.Theshoesthatareonsalearemysize.d.Ineedtofindastorethatacceptsreturns.e.TheshirtthatIboughtarrivedyesterday.2.Nonrestrictiveadjectiveclauses:a.ThedressIreallylike,whichisonsale,isoutofstock.b.Thepurse,whichhasalotofpartments,isperfectfororganization.c.Theheadphones,whicharewireless,justarrivedinthemail.d.Thebook,whichhasgreatreviews,isworthbuying.e.Thelaptop,whichI'vehadforyears,needstobereplaced.（这几个非限定性的句子有点单一，）3.Adjectiveclauseswithprepositions:a.ThewebsitefromwhichIusuallypurchaseclothesishavingasale.b.ThesellerwithwhomIhadaproblemissuedmearefund.c.ThepanyforwhichIworkgivesmediscountsoncertainitems.d.ThestoreatwhichIprefertoshopiscurrentlyclosed.e.ThewebsiteonwhichIfoundabetterdealisoutofstock.4.Adjectiveclauseswithindefinitepronouns:a.I'llbuywhateverdresslooksbestonme.b.Whoeverhasthelowestpricewillgetmybusiness.c.Wheneverthere'sasale,Iliketotakeadvantageofit.d.WhereverIcanfindtheproductIneed,I'llbuyit.e.Whateverreviewssayabouttheproduct,Itakeintoconsideration.5.Adjectiveclauseswithrelativeadverbs:a.Thedaywhentheproductarrivedwasearlierthanexpected.b.ThewebsitewhereIbuymostofmythingsisveryuserfriendly.c.ThereasonwhyIreturnedtheproductwasthatitwasdefective.d.TheplacewhereIfoundthebestdealwassurprising.e.ThetimewhenIshoponlineisusuallyatnight.而写作的时候要注意定语短语使用才是王道：Sure,herearefiveexamplesofadjectiveclauseswithparticlesinthecontextofwatchingvideos:1.Adjectiveclauseswithpresentparticiples:a.Thevideoplayingonmyphoneistooquiet.b.Ilikewatchingvideos

featuringcuteanimals.c.Thegirllaughinginthevideoismysister.d.I'mtiredofwatchingvideos

promotingunhealthyhabits.e.Thepersonsinginginthevideohasabeautifulvoice.2.Adjectiveclauseswithpastparticiples:a.Iwasimpressedbythevideo

editedsoprofessionally.b.Thevideosharedbymyfriendwasveryfunny.c.Iwatchedavideomadebyafamousdirector.d.Thevideo

uploadedbythepany

wasveryinformative.e.Thescenefilmedinthevideowasbreathtaking.3.Adjectiveclauseswith"having":a.Ienjoyvideoshavinggoodproductionvalue.b.Thevideohavingalotofviewsmustbeinteresting.c.Havingsubtitlesinavideomakesiteasiertounderstand.d.Iappreciatevideos

havingaclearmessage.e.Thevideohavingacatchysoundtrackstuckinmyheadallday.4.Adjectiveclauseswith"with":a.Thevideowiththemostlikesisveryentertaining.b.Iprefervideoswithhighqualityvisuals.c.Thevideo

withthelongestduration

isabittoolongforme.d.Ilikewatchingvideoswithfamousactorsorcelebrities.e.Thevideowiththeleastdislikesisusuallythemostpopular.5.Adjectiveclauseswith"without":a.Watchingvideoswithoutadsismuchmoreenjoyable.b.Ican'tstandvideoswithoutgoodlighting.c.Thevideowithoutanysoundwaskindofboring.d.Videoswithoutanyexplanationcanbeconfusing.e.Idon'twatchvideoswithoutsubtitlesbecauseIdon'tunderstandthelanguage.现在分词作定语十句例句（网络暴力相关）1.Thewebsiteallowingcyberbullyingisathreattoyoungpeople'smentalhealth.(允许网络暴力的网站对青少年的心理健康构成威胁。)2.Ican'tbelievesomeonewouldpostavideoattackingothersonsocialmedia.(我无法相信会有人在社交媒体上发表攻击他人的视频。)3.Theperson

spreadinghatespeech

onlineshouldbeheldaccountablefortheiractions.(在网上散布仇恨言论的人应该对自己的行为负责。)4.Thetroll

mentingoneverypost

ismakingtheonlineconversationtoxic.(每篇帖子都评论的喷子让网络对话变得有毒。)5.Theuser

sendingthreateningmessages

needstobereportedtotheauthorities.(发送威胁信息的用户需要向有关部门举报。)6.Thegroup

usingfakeaccounts

toharassothersisviolatingmunityguidelines.(使用假账户骚扰他人的群体正在违反社区准则。)7.Thehacker

stealingpersonalinformationismittingaseriouscrime.(窃取个人信息的黑客正在犯下严重罪行。)8.Theprofile

postingviolentcontent

istriggeringforsurvivorsoftrauma.(发布暴力内容的个人资料会对创伤幸存者产生触发作用。)9.Theaccount

encouragingterrorism

isadangertonationalsecurity.(鼓吹恐怖主义的账户对国家安全构成威胁。)10.Theindividual

cyberstalkingsomeone

needstorealizetheharmthey'recausing.(对某人实施网络跟踪的个人需要意识到他们造成的伤害。)环境污染例句：Hereare10examplesofadjectiveclauseswithpresentparticiplesinthecontextofenvironmentalpollution,alongwiththeirChinesetranslations:1.Thefactories

releasingtoxicwasteintotheriverareendangeringaquaticlife.(将有毒废料排放进河流的工厂正在危及水生物的生命。)2.Thecarsemittingexhaustfumesarecontributingtoairpollution.(排放尾气的汽车正在导致空气污染问题。)3.Theconstructionsitesdumpingconstructiondebrisintonearbyfieldsaredamagingthesoilquality.(将建筑垃圾倾倒在附近田野的建筑工地正在破坏土壤质量。)4.Thehouseholdsburningtrashintheirbackyardsareproducingharmfulsmoke.(在后院燃烧垃圾的家庭正在产生有害烟雾。)5.Theshipsspillingoilintotheoceanareharmingmarineecosystems.(向海洋泄漏石油的船只正在损害海洋生态系统。)6.Thepaniesusingsingleuseplasticsarecontributingtotheglobalplasticwastecrisis.(使用一次性塑料制品的公司正在加剧全球塑料垃圾危机。)7.Thefarmsusingpesticidesandfertilizersexcessivelyarepollutingnearbywatersources.(过度使用农药和化肥的农场正在污染附近的水源。)8.Thecitieswithpoorlymanagedlandfillsarecausinggroundwatercontamination.(管理不善的垃圾填埋场所在城市正在导致地下水污染。)9.Thehouseholdsusingcoalasaprimaryheatingsourcearereleasingharmfulparticulatematterintotheair.(使用煤作为主要供暖来源的家庭正在向空气中排放有害颗粒物。)10.Theindustriesproducingelectronicwastewithoutproperdisposalmethodsarecreatingtoxicenvironments.(没有正确处理方法的电子垃圾生产行业正在创造有毒环境。)参观博物馆：Hereare10examplesofadjectiveclauseswithpresentparticiplesinthecontextofvisitingmuseums,alongwiththeirChinesetranslations:1.Theartloveradmiringthepaintingsondisplaywaslostinthought.(一个欣赏展出的画作的艺术爱好者陷入了沉思。)2.Thehistorianstudyingtheartifactsonexhibitwasfascinatedbythestoriestheytold.(一个研究展出的文物的历史学家被它们所讲述的故事所吸引。)3.Thevisitorobservingthesculpturesinthegallerywasstruckbytheirbeauty.(在画廊观看雕塑的游客被它们的美所震撼。)4.Thestudentlearningaboutthecultureofancientcivilizationswasamazedbytheirachievements.(学习古代文明文化的学生被它们所取得的成就深感惊奇。)5.Theresearcherexaminingthefossilsondisplaywasexcitedbythediscovery.(研究展出的化石的研究人员对这一发现感到兴奋。)6.Theartcriticanalyzingtheworksondisplaywasformingopinionsoneachpiece.(分析展出的作品的艺术评论家正在对每一件作品形成自己的观点。)7.Thearchaeologistexcavatingtheruinsofancientcivilizationswasdiscoveringnewinsightsintothepast.(挖掘古代文明遗址的考古学家发现了新的关于过去的洞见。)8.Thecollectorseekingrareitemsfortheircollectionwasimpressedbytheexhibit.(寻找珍稀物品以丰富自己的收藏的收藏家对展览印象深刻。)9.Theteacherinstructingstudentsonthesignificanceoftheartpiecesondisplaywasengagingtheircuriosity.(教授关于展品重要性的知识的老师正在调动学生的好奇心。)10.Thecuratororganizingtheexhibitwasdeterminedtocreateanunforgettableexperienceforvisitors.(策划展览的馆长决心为观众创造一次难忘的体验。)现代医学进步：Sure,hereare10examplesofadjectiveclauseswithpresentparticiplesinthecontextofimprovementinmodernmedicalscience,alongwiththeirChinesetranslations:1.Theresearchersexploringnewtreatmentsforcanceraremakingsignificantprogressinextendingpatients'lives.(探索癌症新疗法的研究人员正在取得显著进展，延长了患者的生命。)2.Thedoctorsdevelopingmoreadvancedsurgicaltechniquesareimprovingpatientoutes.(开发更先进手术技术的医生正在改善患者预后。)3.Thescientistsinvestigatingthehumanimmunesystemarediscoveringnewapproachestofightingdisease.(研究人类免疫系统的科学家正在发现对抗疾病的新方法。)4.Theresearchersstudyingtheeffectsofmedicationonthebrainareadvancingourunderstandingofmentalhealth.(研究药物对大脑的影响的研究人员正在推动我们对心理健康的理解。)5.Thesurgeonsusingvirtualrealitytechnologyareimprovingtheirprecisionandreducingplications.(使用虚拟现实技术的外科医生正在提高手术精确度和减少并发症。)6.Theexpertsanalyzingmedicaldataareidentifyingpatternsanddevelopingpersonalizedtreatments.(分析医疗数据的专家正在确定模式并开发个性化的治疗方案。)7.Theresearchersstudyingstemcellsareunlockingnewpossibilitiesforregenerativemedicine.(研究干细胞的科学家正在为再生医学开启新的可能。)8.Thedoctorsdevelopingtelemedicinetechnologiesareincreasingaccesstomedicalcareinremoteareas.(开发远程治疗技术的医生正在增加偏远地区的医疗保健服务。)9.ThescientistsinvestigatingthecausesofAlzheimer'sdiseasearemakingprogresstowardseffectivetreatmentoptions.(研究阿尔茨海默病的原因的科学家正在朝着有效治疗方案取得进展。)10.Theresearchersstudyingthemicrobiomearediscoveringnewwaystoimprovedigestivehealth.(研究微生物群落的研究人员正在发现改善消化健康的新方法。)学业压力：

Certainly,hereare10examplesofadjectiveclauseswithpresentparticiplesinthecontextofacademicpressureinChina,alongwiththeirChinesetranslations:1.Thestudentsjugglingmultipleexamsandassignmentsarestrugglingtomaintaintheirmentalhealth.(应对多个考试和作业的学生正在努力维护自己的心理健康。)应对多个考试和作业的学生正在努力维护自己的心理健康。2.Theparentspushingtheirchildrentoexcelacademicallyarecausingunduestressandanxiety.(推动孩子在学术上取得卓越成就的家长正在导致过度压力和焦虑。)推动孩子在学术上取得卓越成就的家长正在导致过度压力和焦虑。3.Theteachersassigningexcessivehomeworkandprojectsarecontributingtostudentburnout.(布置过多家庭作业和项目的教师正在导致学生的疲惫不堪。)布置过多家庭作业和项目的教师正在导致学生的疲惫不堪。4.Thestudentspetingfiercelyfortopgradesaresacrificingtheirphysicalhealthandsociallives.(为争夺高分而激烈竞争的学生正在牺牲自己的身体健康和社交生活。)为争夺高分而激烈竞争的学生正在牺牲自己的身体健康和社交生活。5.Theschoolsystemsemphasizingstandardizedtestsovercriticalthinkingskillsarestiflingcreativityandinnovation.(重视标准化考试而非批判性思维能力的学校体系正在扼杀创造力和创新。)重视标准化考试而非批判性思维能力的学校体系正在扼杀创造力和创新。6.Thestudentsfeelingconstantpressuretoperformarestrugglingwithselfesteemissues.(感受到持续的表现压力的学生正在与自尊问题作斗争。)感受到持续的表现压力的学生正在与自尊问题作斗争。7.Theparentspressuringtheirchildrentosucceedarefailingtorecognizetheimportanceofabalancedlife.(向孩子施加成功压力的家长未能意识到平衡生活的重要性。)向孩子施加成功压力的家长未能意识到平衡生活的重要性。8.Thestudentsfacingintensepetitionforlimiteduniversityspotsarefeelingoverwhelmedanddiscouraged.(面临有限大学录取名额的激烈竞争的学生感到压倒性和沮丧。)面临有限大学录取名额的激烈竞争的学生感到压倒性和沮丧。9.Theschoolsprioritizingacademicachievementoverstudentwellbeingareneglectingtheirdutytonurturetheirstudents.(将学术成就置于学生福祉之上的学校忽略了呵护学生的职责。)将学术成就置于学生福祉之上的学校忽略了呵护学生的职责。10.Thestudentsstrugglingwithmentalhealthissuesduetoacademicpressureareinneedofsupportandunderstandingfromtheirpeersandeducators.(因学术压力而面临心理健康问题的学生需要同龄人和教育者的支持和理解。)动物测试：Certainly,hereare10examplesofadjectiveclauseswithpresentparticiplesinthecontextofacademicpressureinChina,alongwiththeirChinesetranslations:1.Thestudentsjugglingmultipleexamsandassignmentsarestrugglingtomaintaintheirmentalhealth.(应对多个考试和作业的学生正在努力维护自己的心理健康。)应对多个考试和作业的学生正在努力维护自己的心理健康。2.Theparentspushingtheirchildrentoexcelacademicallyarecausingunduestressandanxiety.(推动孩子在学术上取得卓越成就的家长正在导致过度压力和焦虑。)推动孩子在学术上取得卓越成就的家长正在导致过度压力和焦虑。3.Theteachersassigningexcessivehomeworkandprojectsarecontributingtostudentburnout.(布置过多家庭作业和项目的教师正在导致学生的疲惫不堪。)布置过多家庭作业和项目的教师正在导致学生的疲惫不堪。4.Thestudentspetingfiercelyfortopgradesaresacrificingtheirphysicalhealthandsociallives.(为争夺高分而激烈竞争的学生正在牺牲自己的身体健康和社交生活。)为争夺高分而激烈竞争的学生正在牺牲自己的身体健康和社交生活。5.Theschoolsystemsemphasizingstandardizedtestsovercriticalthinkingskillsarestiflingcreativityandinnovation.(重视标准化考试而非批判性思维能力的学校体系正在扼杀创造力和创新。)重视标准化考试而非批判性思维能力的学校体系正在扼杀创造力和创新。6.Thestudentsfeelingconstantpressuretoperformarestrugglingwithselfesteemissues.(感受到持续的表现压力的学生正在与自尊问题作斗争。)感受到持续的表现压力的学生正在与自尊问题作斗争。7.Theparentspressuringtheirchildrentosucceedarefailingtorecognizetheimportanceofabalancedlife.(向孩子施加成功压力的家长未能意识到平衡生活的重要性。)向孩子施加成功压力的家长未能意识到平衡生活的重要性。8.Thestudentsfacingintensepetitionforlimiteduniversityspotsarefeelingoverwhelmedanddiscouraged.(面临有限大学录取名额的激烈竞争的学生感到压倒性和沮丧。)面临有限大学录取名额的激烈竞争的学生感到压倒性和沮丧。9.Theschoolsprioritizingacademicachievementoverstudentwellbeingareneglectingtheirdutytonurturetheirstudents.(将学术成就置于学生福祉之上的学校忽略了呵护学生的职责。)将学术成就置于学生福祉之上的学校忽略了呵护学生的职责。10.Thestudentsstrugglingwithmentalhealthissuesduetoacademicpressureareinneedofsupportandunderstandingfromtheirpeersandeducators.(因学术压力而面临心理健康问题的学生需要同龄人和教育者的支持和理解。)垃圾食品：1.Junkfoods,containinghighamountsofsugarandfat,arelinkedtovarioushealthproblems.（垃圾食品含有大量的糖和脂肪，与各种健康问题有关。）2.Manypeople,consumingfastfoodsonaregularbasis,strugglewithweightmanagement.（许多人经常食用快餐，面临着减肥管理的困难。）3.Thechips,beingfriedinoilandloadedwithsalt,canbeaddictiveforsomepeople.（薯片被油炸并加了很多盐，有些人会上瘾。）4.Softdrinks,containinghighfructosecornsyrup,contributetoobesityanddiabetes.（含有高果糖玉米糖浆的软饮料会导致肥胖和糖尿病。）5.Fastfoods,lackinginessentialnutrients,canleadtomalnutritioninthelongrun.（缺乏必要营养的快餐最终会导致营养不良。）6.Theburger,toppedwithcheeseandbacon,isaclassicexampleofunhealthyfastfood.（带有芝士和培根的汉堡包是不健康快餐的经典例子。）7.Manysnacks,containingartificialflavorsandcolors,mayhavenegativeeffectsonchildren'sbehavior.（许多零食含有人造口味和颜色，会对儿童的行为产生负面影响。）8.Processedfoods,lackinginfiberandotherimportantnutrients,arenotremendedforahealthydiet.（加工食品缺乏纤维和其他重要营养素，不建议健康饮食。）9.Fastfoods,convenientforonthegoeating,areoftenassociatedwithpoordietary