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2010年江苏省高考英语试卷解析版参考答案与试题解析一、第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上,录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上.第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)1.(1.5分)WhatwillLucydoonthisweekend?A.Gooutwithherfriend.B.Workonherpaper.C.Makesomeplans.【考点】15:短对话理解.【分析】略【解答】B【点评】略2.(1.5分)WhatwasthenormalpriceoftheT﹣shirt?A.﹩15.B.﹩30.C.﹩50.【考点】15:短对话理解.【分析】略【解答】B【点评】略3.(1.5分)WhathasthewomandecidedtodoonSundayafternoon?A.Toattendawedding.B.Tovisitanexhibition.C.Tomeetafriend.【考点】15:短对话理解.【分析】略【解答】A【点评】略4.(1.5分)WhendoesthebankcloseonSaturday?A.Atl:00pm.B.At3:00pm.C.At4:00pm.【考点】15:短对话理解.【分析】略【解答】B【点评】略5.(1.5分)Wherearethespeakers?A.Inastore.B.Inaclassroom.C.Atahotel.【考点】15:短对话理解.【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略6.(3分)听第6段材料,回答第6、7题.6.WhatdoweknowaboutNora?A.Sheprefersaroomofherown.B.Shelikestoworkwithothergirls.C.Shelivesnearthecitycenter.7.Whatisgoodabouttheflat?A.Ithasalargesittingroom.B.Ithasgoodfurniture.C.Ithasabigkitchen.【考点】16:长对话理解.【分析】略【解答】AC【点评】略7.(3分)听第7段材料,回答第8至9题.8.WherehasBarbarabeen?A.Milan.B.Florence.C.Rome.9.WhathasBarbaragotinhersuitcase?A.Shoes.B.Stones.C.Books.【考点】16:长对话理解.【分析】略【解答】AA【点评】略8.(4.5分)听第8段材料,回答第10至l2题.l0.Whoismakingthetelephonecall?A.ThomasBrothers.B.MikeLandon.C.JackCooper.11.WhatrelationisthewomantoMr.Cooper?A.Hiswife.B.Hisboss.C.Hissecretary.12.Whatisthemessageabout?A.Ameeting.B.AvisittoFrance.C.Thedateforatrip.【考点】16:长对话理解.【分析】略【解答】BCA【点评】略9.(6分)听第9段材料,回答第13至l6题.13.Whocouldthemanspeakermostprobablybe?A.Apersonwhosawtheaccident.B.Thedriverofthelorry.C.Apoliceofficer.14.WhatwasMrs.Franksdoingwhentheaccidenttookplace?A.WalkingalongChurchillAvenue.B.Gettingreadytocrosstheroad.C.Standingoutsideabank.15Whendidtheaccidenthappen?A.Atabout8:00am.B.Atabout9:00am.C.Ataboutl0:00am.16Howdidtheaccidenthappen?A.Alorryhitacar.B.Acarranintoalorry.C.Abankclerkrushedintothestreet.【考点】16:长对话理解.【分析】略【解答】CCBB【点评】略10.(6分)听第10段材料,回答第17至20题.17.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Thehistoryoftheschool.B.Thecoursesfortheterm.C.Theplanfortheday.18.Wherecanthevisitorslearnaboutthesubjectsfornewstudent?A.Intheschoolhall.B.Inthesciencelabs.C.Intheclassrooms.19.Whatcanstudentsdointhepracticalareas?A.Takesciencecourses?B.Enjoyexcellentmeals.C.Attendworkshops.20.Whenarethevisitorsexpectedtoaskquestion?A.Duringthelunchhour.B.Afterthewelespeech.C.Beforethetouroflabs.【考点】17:短文理解.【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略二、第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分15分)第一节:单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)请认真阅读下面各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.11.(1分)Thevisitorsherearegreatlyimpressedbythefactthat_______peoplefromallwalksoflifeareworkinghardfor_____newJiangsu.()A.不填;a B.不填;the C.the;a D.the;the【考点】41:不定冠词;43:零冠词.【分析】句意:这儿的游客对这一事实印象极为深刻,那就是来自各行各业的人正在为一个全新的江苏而奋斗.【解答】答案:A.第一空泛指各行各业的人,根据句意第二空泛指一个全新的江苏,所以用anewJiangsu.故选A.【点评】本题考查冠词的辨析,冠词的用法集中在the表示特指,a/an表示泛指,以及冠词的固定搭配和零冠词的情况.12.(1分)Thedoctorisskilledattreatinghearttroubleandneveracceptsanygiftfromhispatients,sohehasaverygood_____.()A.expectation B.reputation C.contribution D.civilization【考点】35:名词的词义辨析.【分析】句意:那位医生擅长治疗心脏病并且从不收礼,所以他有非常好的声誉.【解答】答案:B.A.expectation期望;B.reputation名誉,声誉;C.contribution贡献;D.civilization文明.根据前半句"Thedoctorisskilledattreatinghearttroubleandneveracceptsanygiftfromhispatients"可知那位医生擅长治疗心脏病而且从不收礼,所以他应该拥有非常好的声誉,reputation符合句意,故B正确.【点评】本题考查名词辨析.词汇辨析题的关键是掌握各个选项的词义,再根据句意,结合语境,推断出正确答案.13.(1分)﹣Why,Jack,youlooksotired!﹣Well,I_____thehouseandImustfinishtheworktomorrow.()A.waspainting B.willbepainting C.havepainted D.havebeenpainting【考点】EA:现在完成进行时.【分析】句意﹣﹣杰克,为什么你看起来那么的累.﹣﹣我一直在给房子刷漆,明天我一定要完成.【解答】答案D.was/weredoing表示过去的某个时间点或时间段正在做某事;will/shallbedoing表示将来的某个时间点或时间段正在做某事;have/hasdone表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响.have/hasbeendoing表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在,可能刚刚结束,也可能继续持续下去.结合句意,给房子刷漆在说话之前已经开始,还要继续持续下去,故用现在完成进行时,选D.【点评】本题是中档题,考查现在完成进行时,时态的选择要结合具体的语境14.(1分)Thousandsofforeignerswere______totheShanghaiWorldExpothedayitopened.()A.attended B.attained C.attracted D.attached【考点】A4:动词的过去分词.【分析】句意:成千上万个外国朋友被吸引来参加世博会开幕式.【解答】答案C.attend"出席,参加";attain"达到,实现,获得";attract"吸引";attach"使依附,粘上".根据句意,由thedayitopened看出,事情是发生在过去,而Thousandsofforeigners与attract之间又是被动关系,表示"被吸引"故用attracted.故选:C.【点评】本题考查动词词义的辨析,要熟悉动词的意思并结合具体的语境选择出正确选项.15.(1分)﹣Ihaven'tgotthereferencebookyet,butI'llhaveatestonthesubjectnextmonth.﹣Don'tworry.You______haveitbyFriday.()A.could B.shall C.must D.may【考点】A6:情态动词.【分析】句意:﹣﹣我还没有参考书,但是下个月就要考这个科目了﹣﹣别担心,你周五前会拿到书的.【解答】答案B.could"能够";shall"用于二,三人称表允诺,命令,威胁,警告";must"一定,必须,偏偏";may"可能,征求许可,祝愿".根据句意,这里表示允诺,故选B.【点评】本题是中档题,考查情态动词的运用.情态动词是高中阶段的重难点之一,需要考生熟记它们的用法,在各类考试中经常出现.16.(1分)Theexperimenthas_________thepossibilityoftheexistenceofanylifeonthatplanet,butitdoesnotmeanthereisnolifeonotherplanets.()A.foundout B.pointedout C.ruledout D.carriedout【考点】A9:动词短语.【分析】句意:这个实验排除了那个行星上有生命存在的可能性,但这并不意味着其他行星上没有生命.【解答】答案C.findout"发现,查明";pointout"指出";ruleout"排除";carryout"实施,执行".根据句意,这个实验"排除了"那个行星上有生命存在的可能性.故选C.【点评】本题是中档题,考查动词短语,要掌握短语的意思并熟悉具体的语境选择出正确选项.17.(1分)DoyouthinktheirtabletennisteamwillwinthefirstplaceattheingAsianGames?_________.Oursismuchstrongerthantheirs.()A.Ofcourse B.Itdepends C.Don'tmentionit D.Bynomeans【考点】JI:语言交际.【分析】句意:﹣﹣﹣你认为他们的乒乓球队会在即将要举行的亚运会上赢得第一名吗?﹣﹣﹣﹣不可能的,我们的团队比他们的(实力)要强的多.【解答】答案D.A项"当然";B项"视情况而定";C项具体用法1.用来回答感谢或类似于感谢的句子,意为:不用谢;不客气;2.用来回答道歉,意为:没关系;不要这样说.3.表示某事不重要或无需考虑,意为:那就甭提了;那就算了.D项"绝不会,不可能";根据后一句的句意"我们的团队比他们的要强很多"可知,很显然说话者认为自己团队而不是他们的团队会赢.于是根据上下文的意思统一性,前面横线处必定是表示否定意义的句子,因此D项符合语境,故选D.【点评】本题考查情景交际.解答此类题目首先应该读懂句意,分析上下文语境和逻辑关系.其次对每个选项中的交际用语的适用情况要掌握,根据语境锁定正确答案.关键平时学习中要对交际用语多积累多总结反复记忆.18.(1分)TheretiredmandonatedmostofhissavingstotheschooldamagedbytheearthquakeinYushu,________thestudentstoreturntotheirclassrooms.()A.enabling B.havingenabled C.toenable D.tohaveenabled【考点】B3:现在分词.【分析】句意为:这个退休的人大部分积蓄捐给了被玉树地震毁坏的学校,使得学生们能重返校园.【解答】答案:A前面说的内容都是原因,后面则是结果.这里是现在分词做结果状语,意料之中的结果;不定式可以用来表示意料之外的结果,不定式也可以做目的状语,但不定式前不可以出现逗号;havingenabled是现在完成时,用它时态就不对了.捐钱的时候还没完成完成了,而是捐钱给他们,然后是她们重新回到学校.所以本题选择A.【点评】该句考查现在分词作结果状语,需要看清题意已经标点符号.特别注意有相似用法的不同形式的非谓语动词形式.19.(1分)Sofarwehavedonealottobuildalow﹣carboneconomy,butitis_______ideal.Wehavetoworkstillharder.()A.nextto B.farfrom C.outof D.dueto【考点】64:形容词词意辨析.【分析】句意:到目前为止我们为打造低碳经济已经做了很多努力,但是这远远不够,我们还要继续努力.【解答】答案:BA项"靠近";B项"远离";C项"出于";D项"因为,由于".由ideal可知,应该是"离完美还远得很",而A项意思相反,故排除.C项相当于with;D项相当于becauseof,一般跟名词.又排除C、D项.故B项正确.【点评】考查形容词词义辨析.主要要弄清形容词的意思,然后再根据句意做出选择即可.20.(1分)﹣Peter,wheredidyouguysgoforthesummervacation?﹣We________busywithourworkformonths,sowewenttothebeachtorelaxourselves.()A.were B.havebeen C.hadbeen D.willbe【考点】E9:过去完成时.【分析】句意:﹣﹣皮特,你们暑假去哪里了?﹣﹣我们几个月来一直忙于工作,所以我们去海滩放松一下.【解答】答案C.haddone表示过去的过去,过去有两个动作,先发生的用"过去完成时",后发生的用"一般过去式".根据句意,我们"先忙于工作,后去海滩放松".故选:C.【点评】本题是中档题,考查过去完成时,解题时注意区分haddone和havedone的区别.havedone表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响,而haddone表示过去的过去.21.(1分)Ihavetriedveryhardtofindasolutiontotheproblem,butinvainwhynotconsultwithFrank?Yousee,_________.()A.greatmindsthinkalike B.twoheadsarebetterthanone C.abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush D.it'sbettertothinktwicebeforedoingsomething【考点】JN:谚语.【分析】句意为:﹣﹣我努力找一个问题的解决办法,但是徒劳.﹣﹣﹣为什么不向Frank咨询?你知道,两人智慧胜一人.【解答】答案:B本题考查谚语A.greatmindsthinkalike英雄所见略同,B.twoheadsarebetterthanone两人智慧胜一人,C.abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush,一鸟在手,胜于二鸟在林,D.it'sbettertothinktwicebeforedoingsomething三思而后行.根据语境可知本题选择B.【点评】本题考查谚语在一定的语境中的运用,首先要理解各个谚语的意思,再结合语境,作出正确判断.22.(1分)Thenewlybuiltcafé,thewallsof_______arepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,speciallyafterhardwork.()A.that B.it C.what D.which【考点】59:关系代词.【分析】句意为:新建的咖啡屋真是个平静的地方,尤其是在辛苦的劳作之后,这个咖啡屋的墙被刷成绿色.【解答】答案:D本句中含有定语从句,先行词是cafe,介词后指代先行词只能用which指代.这里的thewallsofwhich=whosewalls.所以本题选择D.【点评】在考查这类试题,要注意分析先行词,以及先行词在从句中充当什么成分.在定语从句中,还有一些规则需要掌握,比如,什么情况不能用that,什么情况不能用which.23.(1分)﹣Iseveryonehere?﹣Notyet…Look,there_______therestofourguests!()A.e B.es C.ising D.areing【考点】GH:主谓一致.【分析】句意为:﹣﹣每个人都到了吗?﹣﹣还没有,看,我们剩下的客人陆续到了.【解答】答案:A本句考查的是主谓一致和倒装.there在句首,所以句子要用完全倒装,也就是谓语动词要在主语前面,主语是therest(ofpeople)表示的是剩下的人,剩下的人应该不止一个人,所以用e不是es,该种完全倒装不能用进行时,所以排除CD两项.我们最常见的一个句子是车来了Hereesthebus也是同类倒装用法.【点评】考查此类考点,要会分析句子结构,是否倒装,同时注意主语的单复数.24.(1分)Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI'dratherhe_______moreonitsculture.()A.focus B.focused C.wouldfocus D.hadfocused【考点】E2:一般过去时.【分析】句意为:George要谈论他国家的地理,我宁愿他更专注于国家的文化.【解答】答案:Bwouldrather+从句,是一个常用的虚拟语气句型,Wouldrather+从句,谓语一般用过去时来表示现在或将来.其意为"宁愿…,还是…好些""一个人宁愿另一个人做某事",引导从句的that常省略.在谈到过去的动作时,谓语则用过去完成时.根据前半句isgoingto,可知,wouldrather后面要表达的是将来的动作故选:B.【点评】本题考查虚拟语气中某一特殊句式后从句中的时态,要看清题目中主句的特殊结构.25.(1分)﹣IprefershuttingmyselfinandlisteningtomusicalldayonSundays.﹣That's_______Idon'tagree.Youshouldhaveamoreactivelife.()A.where B.how C.when D.what【考点】79:连接副词;HD:表语从句.【分析】句意:﹣﹣在星期天我宁愿把自己关在家里,整体听音乐.﹣﹣﹣那就是我不同意的地方.你本应该有一个更为积极的生活.【解答】答案A.题中的____Idon'tagree是一个表语从句.从句中的动词agree是一个不及物动词,后面不能直接加宾语.根据句意,这是我不同意的"地方",在这里指"方式",故选择where表示抽象的地点状语.故选A.【点评】本题考查表语从句中连接词的使用,要分析表语从句中句子的结构是否完整和结合语境选择出正确选项.三、第二节:完形填空(共1小题;每小题20分,满分20分)请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后个题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.26.(20分)Anotherperson'senthusiasmwaswhatsetmemovingtowardthesuccessIhaveachieved.Thatpersonwasmystepmother.IwasnineyearsoldwhensheenterdourhomeinruralVirginia.Myfather(1)introducedmetoherwiththesewords:"Iwouldlikeyoutomeetthefellowwhois(2)distinguishedforbeingtheworstboyinthiscountyandwillprobablystartthrowingrocksatyouno(3)laterthantomorrowmorning."Mystepmotherwalkedovertome,(4)raisedmyheadslightlyupward,andlookedmerightintheeye.Thenshelookedatmyfatherandreplied,"Youare(5)impolite.Thisisnottheworstboyatall,(6)butthesmartestonewhohasn'tyetfoundanoutlet(释放的途径)forhisenthusiasm."Thatstatementbegana(n)(7)friendshipbetweenus.Noonehadevercalledmesmart,Myfamilyandneighborshadbuiltmeupinmy(8)mindasabadboy.Mystepmotherchangedallthat.Shechangedmanythings.She(9)persuadedmyfathertogotoadentalschool,fromwhichhegraduatedwithhonors.Shemovedourfamilyintothecountysrat,wheremyfather'scareercouldbemore(10)successfulandmybrotherandIcouldbebetter(11)educated.WhenIturnedfourteen,sheboughtmeasecondhand(12)typewriterandtoldmethatshebelievedthatIcouldbeeawriter.Iknewherernthusiasm,I(13)appreciatedithadalreadlyimprovedourlives.Iacceptedher(14)beliefandbegantowriteforlocalnewspapers.Iwasdoingthesamekindof(15)writingthatgreatdayIwenttointerviewAndrewCarnegieandreceivedthetaskwhichbecamemylife'sworklater.Iwasn'tthe(16)onlybeneficiary(受益者).Myfatherbecamethe(17)wealthiestmanintown.Mybrotherandstepbrthersbecameaphysician,adentist,alawyer,andacollegepresident.Whatpower(18)enthusiasmhas!Whenthatpowerisreleasedtosupportthecertaintyofone'spurposeandis(19)constantlystrengthenedbyfaith,itbeesanirresistible(不可抗拒的)forcewhichpovertyandtemporarydefeatcannever(20)match.Youcanmunicatethatpowertoanyonewhoneedsit.Thisisprobablythegreatestworkyoucandowithyourenthusiasm.(1)A.rushedB.sentC.carriedD.introduced(2)A.distinguishedB.favoredC.mistakenD.rewarded(3)A.soonerB.laterC.longerD.earlier(4)A.draggedB.shookC.raisedD.bent(5)A.perfectB.rightC.wrongD.impolite(6)A.butB.soC.andD.or(7)A.agreementB.friendshipC.gapD.relationship(8)A.opinionB.imageC.expectationD.mind(9)A.beggedB.persuadedC.orderedD.invited(10)A.successfolB.meaningfulC.helpfulD.useful(11)A.treatedB.entertainedC.educatedD.respected(12)A.cameraB.radioC.bicycleD.typewriter(13)A.consideredB.suspectedC.ignoredD.appreciated(14)A.beliefB.requestC.criticismD.description(15)A.teachingB.writingC.studyingD.reading(16)A.nextB.sameC.onlyD.real(17)A.cleverestB.wealthiestC.strongestD.healthiest(18)A.enthusiasmB.sympathyC.fortuneD.confidence(19)A.deliberatelyB.happilyC.traditionallyD.constantly(20)A.winB.matchC.reachD.doubt【考点】L1:记叙文.【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章.本文讲述了作者在家中以及邻居心目中是一个坏孩子的形象,但是继母的热情改变了他,而且改变了父亲及他人,继母的热情激发了孩子心中对成功的渴望,最终促使作者成功了.通过本文可看出:热情的力量是无法抗拒的.【解答】36.D考查动词.A.rushed冲,B.introduced介绍,C.sent送,派遣,D.carried运送,根据后面的句子"Iwouldlikeyoutomeetthefellow可知,这里指爸爸把我介绍给了继母.故选B.37.A考查形容词.根据前面的"forbeingtheworstboy"可知,作者因为是最坏的孩子而著名.故选选C.38.B考查副词.A.later后来,迟于;B.sooner很快;C.longer更长;D.earlier更早;"nolaterthan"意为"不迟于",根据句意可知,作者不迟于明天早上就会向继母仍石头,故选A.39.C考查动词.根据后面的单词upward,可知继母轻轻的抬起我的头.故选B.40.C考查形容词.从后面的句子"Thisisnottheworstboyatall"可知,是反驳爸爸的话,你错了.故选D.41.A考查连词.这句话使用的是固定结构"not…but…"意为"不是…而是…",根据句意可知,这不是最坏的男孩而是最好的男孩还没有找到热情的出口.故选B.42.B考查名词.根据句意及上下文内容可以看出,这句话开始了我们之间的友谊,用友谊说明关系的亲密.故选C.43.D考查名词."inmymind"意为"在我的脑海中",根据句意可知,我的家庭和邻居让我在我心目中认为我一直是一个坏男孩.故选C.44.B考查动词.根据上句"继母改变了很多事情"可以得知,本句意为"她说服了我父亲去上牙医学校"故选B.45.A考查形容词:A.meaningful有意义的,B.successful成功的,C.helpful有帮助的,D.useful有用的,修饰career用successful,根据句意可知,她把全家人都搬到了县城,在那儿我父亲的事业将更加成功.故选B.46.C考查动词.根据上文可知,我正在处在上学的年龄阶段,由此可推知,我们弟兄们可以得到更好的教育.故选D.47.D考查名词.从后面的句子"toldmethatshebelievedthatIcouldbeeawriter."可知,继母相信作者能成为一个作家,所以给他买了个二手打字机.故选C.48.D考查动词.从后面的句子"Isawhowithadalreadyimprovedourlives."可知,我非常感激她的热心,故选B.49.A考查名词.根据前面"shebelievedthatIcouldbeeawriter."可知,我接受了她的信念.故选B.50.B考查动名词.根据上文提到继母相信我能成为一名作家,我接受了她的信念开始从事写作,因此用writing.故A.51.C考查形容词:从后面的句子"Myfatherbecamethe52manintown."可知,我不是唯一的受益者.故选A.52.B考查形容词:根据前面"我不是唯一的受益者"可知,我爸爸也事业有成,成了我们镇上最富裕的人.故选D.53.A考查名词.从文章的第一句话"Anotherperson'senthusiasmwaswhatsetmemovingtowardthesuccess"可知,热情有着多强大的力量呀.故选C.54.D考查副词.根据后面的"itbeesanirresistibleforce"可知,热情不断得到增强.故选B.55.B考查动词:A.win赢得,B.match匹配,C.reach到达,D.doubt怀疑,根据句意可知,这种力量是贫穷和暂时的挫折所不能相比的.故选B.【点评】解答此类题目可遵循以下步骤:第一步,通读全文,了解文章大意,获得整体印象,同时初选出一批较有把握的答案.第二步,边核对初选答案边补填留下的空格.如果短文难度较大,则可复读几遍,核对和确定答案.有些空一时决定不了,可作个记号,待复查时再确定.第三步,复查定稿.从整体理解角度出发,仔细审核答案,确保意义上、语法上没有错误,同时对遗留下来的少数几个空格作最后选择.四、第三部分:阅读理解(共4小题;每小题8分,满分30分)请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.27.(8分)Usually,whenyourteacherasksaquestion,thereisonlyonecorrectanswer.Butthereisonequestionthathasmillionsofcurrentanswers.Thatquestionis"What'syourname?"Everyonegivesadifferentanswer,buteveryoneiscorrect.Haveyoueverwonderedaboutpeople'snames?Wheredotheyefrom?Whatdotheymean?People'sfirstnames,orgivennames,arechosenbytheirparents.Sometimesthenameofagrandparentorothermemberofthefamilyisused.Someparentschoosethenameofawell﹣knownperson.AboycouldbenamedGeorgeWashingtonSmith;agirlcouldbenamedHelenKellerJones.Somepeoplegivetheirchildrennamesthatmeangoodthings.Clarameans"bright";Beatricemeans"onewhogiveshappiness";Donaldmeans"worldruler";Leonardmeans"asbraveasalion".Theearliestlastnames,orsurnames,weretakenfromplacenames.AfamilywiththenameBrookorBrooksprobablylivednearbrook(小溪);someonewhowascalledLongstreetprobablylivedonalong,pavedroad.TheGreenwoodfamilylivedinornearaleafyforest.Otherearlysurnamescamefrompeople'soccupations.ThemostmonoccupationalnameisSmith,whichmeansapersonwhomakesthingswithironorothermetals.Inthepast,smithswereveryimportantworkersineverytownandvillage.Someotheroccupationalnamesare:Carter﹣apersonwhoownedordroveacart;Potter﹣apersonwhomadepotsandpans.TheancestorsoftheBakerfamilyprobablybakedbreadfortheirneighborsintheirnativevillage.TheCarpenter'sgreat﹣great﹣great﹣grandfatherprobablybuilthousesandfurniture.Sometimespeoplewereknownforthecoloroftheirhairorskin,ortheirsize,ortheirspecialabilities.WhenthereweretwomenwhowerenamedJohninthesamevillage,theJohnwiththegrayhairprobablybecameJohnGray.OrtheJohnwasverytallcouldcallhimselfJohnTallman.JohnFishwasprobablyanexcellentswimmerandJohnLightfootwasprobablyafastrunneroragooddancer.Somefamilynamesweremadebyaddingsomethingtothefather'sname.English﹣speakingpeopleadded﹣sor﹣son.TheJohnsonsaredescendantsofJohn;theRobertsfamily'sancestorwasRobert.IrishandScottishpeopleaddedMacorMcorO.PerhapsalloftheMacDonnellsandtheMcDonnellsandtheO'DonnellsaredescendantsofthesameDonnell.56.WhichofthefollowingaspectsdothesurnamesinthepassageNOTcover?BA.Placeswherepeoplelived.B.People'scharacters.C.Talentsthatpeoplepossessed.D.People'soccupations.57.Accordingtothepassage,theancestorsofthePotterfamilymostprobablyC.A.ownedordroveacartB.madethingswithmetalsC.madekitchentoolsorcontainsD.builthousesandfurniture58.SupposeandEnglishcouplewhoseancestorslivednearaleafyforestwantedtheirnew﹣bornsontobeeaworldleader,thebabymightbenamedD.A.BeatriceSmithB.LeonardCarterC.GeorgeLongstreetD.DonaldGreenwood59.Theunderlinedword"descendants"inthelastparagraphmeansaperson'sAA.latergenerationsB.friendsandrelativesC.colleaguesandpartnersD.latersponsors.【考点】O5:科教类阅读;P4:逻辑推理.【分析】在这篇短文中作者告诉了我们人们的名字是从哪里来的.通过阅读这篇短文我们可以知道,一些人的名字来源于一些名人,有的人的名字跟他们住的地方有关,还有的跟他们祖先从事的职业有关.甚至我们还能从人们的名字上知道这个人头发、皮肤的颜色、特点等.还有些人的名字是在父亲名字的后面加上一些东西变来的.【解答】56.B推理判断题.根据第五段的Theearliestlastnames,orsurnames,weretakenfromplacenames.可知A在短文中提到了;根据第六段的Theancestors(祖先)oftheBakerfamilyprobablybakedbreadfortheirneighborsintheirnativevillage.TheCarpenter'sgreat﹣great﹣great﹣grandfatherprobablybuilthousesandfurniture.可知C在文中提到了;根据Otherearlysurnamescamefrompeople'soccupations可知D也提到了.但是B选项说人们的名字来源于性格,这个没有说到.故选B.57.C推理判断题.根据第六段的Potter﹣apersonwhomadepotsandpans.可知,有些人的名字跟他们祖先做过的职业有关系.由此我们猜测Potter这个家族的祖先也许是制作厨房的工具或容器的.故选C.58.D细节理解题.根据第五段可知,有些人的名字来源于他们住的地方,TheGreenwoodfamilylivedinornearaleafyforest,因此这个家庭的姓应该是Greenwood.而根据题目中要求的,他们希望自己的孩子成为世界的领袖,短文中告诉我们Donaldmeans"worldruler",因此这个孩子的名字应该是DonaldGreenwood.故选D.59.A词义猜测题.根据最后一段以及这个单词所在的句子可知,有些人的名字是在他们父亲的名字后边加上一些东西来的,如Johnsons是John的后代.由此我们可以猜测出descendant这个单词的意思是后代.故选A.【点评】本文是科教类阅读,考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力.做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确选择.在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.28.(8分)ItisreportedthatconservationgroupsinNorthAmericahavebeenarguingaboutthebenefitsanddangersofwolves.Somegroupsbelievewolvesshouldbekilled.OtherpeoplebelievewolvesMustbeprotectedsothattheywillnotdisappearfromthewilderndss(荒野)ForKillingWolvesInAlaska,thewolfalmostdisappearedafewyearsago,becausehunterswerekillinghundreds0fthemforsport.However.1awswereestablishedtoprotectthewolvesfromsportsmenandpeoplewhocatchtheanimalsfortheirfur.SothewoIfpopulationhasgreatlyincreased.Nowtherearesomanywolvesthattheyaredestroyingtheirownfoodsupply.Awolfnaturallyeatsanimalsinthedeerfamily.Peopleinthewildernessalsohuntdeerforfood.Manyoftheanimalshavebeendestroyedbytheverycoldwintersrecentlyandbychangesinthewildernessplantlife.Whenthedeercan'tfindenoughfood,theydie.Ifthewolvescontinuetokilllargenumbersofdeer,theirprey(猎物)willdisappearsomeday.Andthewolveswill.too.Sowemustchangethecycleoflifeinthewildernesstobalancetheecology.Ifwekilledmorewolves,wewouldsavethemandtheirpreyfromdyingout.We'dalsosavesomefarmanimals.Inanothernorthernstate,wolvesattackcowsandchickensforfood.Farmerswantthegovernmenttosendbiologiststostudytheproblem.TheybelieveitnecessarytokillwolvesinsomeareasandtoprotecttheminplaceswherethereisasmallwoIfpopulation.AgainstKillingWolvesIfyouhadlivedlongago,youwouldhaveheardmanydifferentstoriesaboutthedangerouswolf.Accordingtomoststories,hungrywolvesoftenkillpeopleforfood.Eventoday,thestoriesofthe"bigbadwoIf'"willnotdisappear.Butthefactiswolvesareafraidofpeople.andtheyseldomtravelinareaswherethereisahumansmell.Whenwolveseatotheranimals,theyusuallykilltheveryyoung.orthesickandinjured.Thestrongestsurvive.Nokindofanimalwouldhavesurvivedthroughthecenturiesiftheweakmembershadlived.Andhasalwaysbeenalawofnature.Althoughsomepeoplesayitisgoodsensetokillwolves,wesayitisnonsense!Researchershavefoundwolvesandtheirpreylivinginbalance.Thewolveskeepthedeerpopulationfrombeingtoolarge,andthatkeepsabalanceinthewildernessplantlife.Therealproblemisthattheareaswherewolvescanlivearebeingusedbvpeople.Evenifwildernesslandisnotuseddirectlyforhumanneeds.thewolvescan'talwaysfindenoughfood.Sotheytraveltothenearestsource,whichisoftenafarm.Thenthereisdanger.The"bigbadwolf"hasarrived!Andeveryoneknowswhathappensnext.60.Accordingtothepassage,somepeopleinNorthAmericafavorkillingwolvesforallthefollowingreasonsEXCETthatD.A.therearetoomanywolvesB.theykilllargenumbersdeerC.theyattackcowsandchickensforfoodD.theydestroythewildernessplantlife61.SomepeopleareagainstkillingwolvesbecauseA.A.wolveshelptokeeptheecologicalbalanceinthewildemessB.thereistoosmallawolfpopulationinthewildernessC.therearetoomanydeerinthewildernessD.wolvesareafraidofpeopleandneverattackpeople62.Accordingtothoseagainstkillingwolves,whenwolveseatotheranimals,C.A.theynevereatstrongandhealthyonesB.theyalwaysgoagainstthelawofnatureC.theymighthelpthiskindofanimalssurviveinnatureD.theydisturbtheecologicalbalanceinthewilderness63.Thelastsentence"Andeveryoneknowswhathappensnext"impliesthatinsuchcasesB.A.farmanimalswillbeindangerandhavetobeshippedawayB.woIveswillkillpeopleandpeoplewillinturnkillthemC.wolveswilIfindenoughfoodsourcesonfamlsD.peoplewillleavetheareaswherewolvescanlive.【考点】OA:健康环保类阅读;P4:逻辑推理.【分析】本文属于记叙文阅读,主要向我们说明了北美洲的保护组织一直在争论狼的利益和危险,一些组织认为狼应该被杀,而另一些人说出了狼存在的好处,文章中介绍了这两种不同观点的理由,告诉我们其实狼在自然界中有很大的用处.【解答】60.D细节理解题,根据第四段SothewoIfpopulationhasgreatlyincreased.Ifthewolvescontinuetokilllargenumbersofdeer,theirprey(猎物)willdisappearsomeday.Inanothernorthernstate,wolvesattackcowsandchickensforfood.可知猎杀狼的原因是因为有太多的狼,他们杀死大量的鹿并攻击奶牛,而没有提到他们破坏旷野植物,故选D.6l.A细节理解题,根据倒数第二段Thewolveskeepthedeerpopulationfrombeingtoolarge,andthatkeepsabalanceinthewildernessplantlife.可知一些人反对杀狼是因为狼在旷野中帮助保持生态平衡,故选A.62.C细节理解题,根据倒数第二段Whenwolveseatotheranimals,theyusuallykilltheveryyoung.orthesickandinjured.Thestrongestsurvive.Nokindofanimalwouldhavesurvivedthroughthecenturiesiftheweakmembershadlived.Andhasalwaysbeenalawofnature.可知狼吃那些年轻的生病的或受伤的动物,体现了适者生存的自然法则,因此狼可能帮助这种动物在大自然中生存,故选C.63.B推理判断题,根据最后一段Evenifwildernesslandisnotuseddirectlyforhumanneeds.thewolvescan'talwaysfindenoughfood.Sotheytraveltothenearestsource,whichisoftenafarm.Thenthereisdanger.The"bigbadwolf"hasarrived!Andeveryoneknowswhathappensnext.可知如果狼的居住的地方被人类占据,它们不能获得足够的食物,就会跑到就近的农场吃人,那么人类也会反过来杀死它们,故选B.【点评】做阅读理解时要快速的浏览全文,把握文章主旨大意,带着问题回到原文,寻找细节或概括相应的答案,最后要理清作者写作思路.29.(6分)BORDERCROSSINGSWhiletherearenorestrictionsonzheamountofmoneythatyoucanbringacrosstheborder.youmustreporttoboththeUSandCanadianborderservicesamountsequaltoorgreaterthan10.000.PERSONALEXEMPTIONS(免税)ONPURCHASESAMERICANSRETURNINGTOTHEUSLessthan48hours:200US48hoursormore:800USduty﹣freepersonalexemption.next1.000USat3%Includingupto100cigarsand100cigarettes.CANADIANSRETURNINGTOCANADALessthan24hours:50CAN48hoursormore:400CANIncludingupto100cigarsand200cigarettes.7daysormore:$750CANIncludingupto100cigarsand200cigarettes.DOCUMENTATIONNEEDEDFORBORDERCROSSINGLANDORSEATOTHEUS(INCLUDINGFERRIES)Avalidpassportorpassportcard,oraNEXUScard.(ANEXUScardisaTrustedTravelerProgramthatprovidesquicktravelforpre﹣approved,lowrisktravelersthroughspeciallanes.)ArecentWashingtonState,NewYorkorBCdriver'slicense.Note:Children15yearsofageandyoungerrequireonlyabirthcertificateorcopy.(Certifiedcopiesarenotrequiredbutareadvised.)AIRTRAVELTOTHEUSAvalidpassport,anAirNEXUScard,oraU.S.CoastGuardMerchantMarineDocument.64.IfaCanadianwhoisona7﹣daytriptoNewYorkbuys800CANworthofgoods,howmuchshouldhepaytaxonwhenreturninghome?DA.800CANB.750CANC.400CAND.50CAN65.ForanAmericancitizenona2﹣daytourofCanada,howmuchtaxdoeshehavetopayon1.600USworthofpurchaseswhenreturningtotheUS?AA.24USB.48USC.52USD.200US66.Whatdocumentationshouldacouplewitha7﹣year﹣oldchildcarrywhentheydriveacarfromCanadatoAmerica?CA.ABCdriver'slicense,anAirNEXUScard,andabirthcertificate.B.AnAirNEXUScard,aU.S.CoastGuardMerchantMarineDocument,andabirthcertificate.C.Twovaildpassportcradsandacertifiedcopyofabirthcertificate.D.ANEXUScard,aU.S.CoastGuardMerchantMarineDocument,andacertifiedcopyofabirthcertificate.【考点】O3:广告布告类阅读;P2:文中细节.【分析】本文介绍了美国和加拿大在处境方面的一些问题,虽然美国和加拿大对出境所携带的现金数量没有限制,但是必须向两国的过境服务处汇报.同时文章介绍了一些出境购买东西时免税和纳税的相关知识.【解答】64.D细节理解题.根据标题"CANADIANSRETURNINGTOCANADA"下的第三点"7daysormore:750CAN"可知,750CAN是免税的,所以当他回国时,需要付800CAN﹣750CAN=50CAN,故选D.65.A细节理解题.根据标题"AMERICANSRETURNNINGTOTHEUS"下的第二行"48hoursormore:800USduty﹣freepersonalexemption,next1,000USat3%"可知,800US免税,而除800以外的800到1000以内需交3%的税,所以需要付(1600US﹣800US)×30%=$24US,故选A.66.C细节理解题.根据标题"LANDORSEATOTHEUS(INCLUDINGFERRIES)"下的第一行"Avalidpassportorpassportcard,oraNEXUScard."可知这对夫妇需要两个有效的护照.再由下文的NOTE中的"Children15yearsofageandyoungerrequireonlyabirthcertificateorcopy."可知15岁以下儿童只需要一个出生证明或复印件,故选C.【点评】本文是广告布告类阅读,主要考查细节理解题.做题时,首先看题目要求我们理解什么细节,找出关键词,运用寻读的技巧迅速在文章里找出相应的段落、句子或短语.认真比较选项和文中细节,在正确理解细节的前提下,确定最佳答案.30.(8分)Imagine,oneday,gettingoutofbedinBeijingandbeingatyourofficeinShanghaiinonlyacoupleofhours,andthen,afterafulldayofwork,goingbackhometoBeijingandhavingdinnerthere.Soundsunusual,doesn'tit?Butit'snotthatunrealistic,withthedevelopmentofChina'shigh﹣speedrailwaysystem.Andthat'snota11.Chinahasanevengreaterhigh﹣speedrailwayplan﹣toconnectthecountrywithSoutheastAsia,andeventuallyEasternEurope.Chinaisnegotiatingtoextenditsownhigh﹣speedrailwaynetworktoupto17countriesin10to15years,eventuallyreachingLondonandSingapore.Chinahasproposedthreesuchprojects.ThefirstwouldpossiblyconnectKunmingwithSingaporeviaVietnamandMalaysia.Anothercouldstartin
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