2024《试吧大考卷》二轮专题闯关导练英语【新高考】阅读理解技能保分练(八)

2024《试吧大考卷》二轮专题闯关导练英语【新高考】阅读理解技能保分练(八)阅读理解技能保分练(八)词句猜测题——代词猜测类A[2020·普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(模拟卷)]Myschoolappearedonthenewslastweekbecausewehadmadeanimportantchangeinourlocalarea.Ourclasshadplantedalargegardeninwhatwasonceonlyavacantlot.Itwasalotofworkbutitwasallworthit.Igotblisters(水疱)fromdigging,andweallgotinsectbites,too.Ilearnedalotaboutgardeningandcollaboration(合作),andthenIlearnedaboutthemedia.OurteachertelephonedtheTVstationandinformedthemofwhatwehadaccomplished.Shespokewiththeproducer.Theproducercheckedwiththedirectors,buttheysaidtherewereplentyofstoriessimilartoours.Theywantedtoknowwhatwasspecialaboutourparticulargarden,sincemanyschoolsplantgardens.Theteacherexplainedthat,aftergoingontheInternettolearnabouttheprairie(大草原),wehadmadeaprairiegarden.Wehadbeentoaprairieandgottenseedsfromtheplants,andthenweplantedthem.Wedidnotwaterthegarden,butwedidweedit.Wedecidedtoletnaturewateritwithrain,sincethatwashowprairiesgrewinthepast.Wesentapictureofthegardentothenewsstation.Inthepicture,thegrasswassohighthatitstoodtallerthanthefourthgradestudents.Asaresult,theproducersentareportertoourschool.Thereporterinterviewedtheheadmasterandaskedhimmanyquestionsaboutthegarden.Afterthat,heinterviewedus,andweexplainedtohimwhatwehadlearnedthroughthisproject.Thatnight,wewatchedthenews,andtherewewere.Thenewsreportertoldourstory.Itwasonlytwominuteslong,butitwasus.Wewerefamous.Allthatwork,allthoseblisters,itwasworthit.Weknewthatwhenwesawthegardeneveryday,butnowweknewthatthewholecitythoughtso,too.1．WhatseemedtobetheTVdirectors'initialreactiontothegarden?A．Theywereexcited.B．Theyweresurprised.C．Theywereworried.D．Theywereuninterested.2．Whatisspecialaboutthegarden?A．Weedswereallowedtospreadnaturally.B．Thegrassgrewfasterthancommongrass.C．Theseedscamefromtheplantsofaprairie.D．Undergroundwaterwasusedfortheplants.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”refertointhelastparagraph?A．Wegotblistersonourhands.B．Ourhardworkwasworthwhile.C．Thegardenwouldbefamous.D．Theprojectwouldbefinished.4．Howdidtheauthorfeelabouttheproject?A．Annoyed.B．Curious.C．Proud.D．Regretful.B[2020·福州高三质量检测]Theystillbite,butnewresearchshowslab­grownmosquitoesarefightingdenguefever—adangerousdiseasethattheynormallywouldspread.DengueinfectionsappeartobedroppingfastincommunitiesinIndonesia,Vietnam,BrazilandAustraliathatarefilledwiththespeciallygrownmosquitoes.Researchersfirstinjected(注射)mosquitoeggswithWolbachiabacteriathat'scommonininsectsandharmlesstopeopleinalab.Infectedfemalesthenpassthebacteriaonthroughtheireggs.ReleasingenoughWolbachiacarriers,boththefemalesthatbiteandthemalesthatdon't,allowsmating(交配)tospreadthebacteriathroughalocalmosquitopopulation.Ratherthanusingchemicalstowipeoutpests,“thisisreallyabouttransformingthemosquito，”saidCameronSimmonsofthenon­profitWorldMosquitoProgram,whichisconductingtheresearch.ThefirstsuccesscamefromAustralia.Startingin2011,mosquitoescarryingWolbachiawerereleasedinpartsofNorthQueensland,andgraduallyspreadthroughthelocalmosquitopopulation.Dengueisspreadwhenamosquitobitessomeonewhoisinfected,andthenbitesanotherperson,butsomehowWolbachiablocksthat—andlocalspreadhasnearlydisappearedinthoseNorthQueenslandcommunities,Simmonssaid.Thestudiesarecontinuinginothercountries.Butthefindings,presentedatameetingoftheAmericanSocietyofTropicalMedicineandHygiene,suggestit'spossibletoturnatleastsomemosquitoesfromapublichealththreatintoannoyingbiters.Theworkmarks“excitingprogress”，saidMichiganStateUniversityprofessorZhiyongXi,whowasn'tinvolvedintheprojectbuthaslongstudiedhowWolbachiacanturnmosquitoesagainstthemselves.Moreresearchisneeded,specialistscautioned.“Theresultsareprettyexciting—stronglevelsofreductions—butthereclearlyaregoingtobethingstobelearnedfromtheareaswherethereductionsarenotasgreat，”saidPennStateUniversityprofessorElizabethMcGraw.5．Whatcanwelearnaboutthelab­grownmosquitoes?A．Theylosetheabilitytobitepeople.B．Theybecomeharmfultohumanbeings.C．TheycarrydangerousWolbachiabacteria.D．TheyspreadWolbachiabacteriabymating.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”refertoinParagraph4?A．Thebitefromamosquito.B．Thelocalcommunity.C．Thespreadofdengue.D．Theinfectedperson.7．Whatdoesthelastparagraphsuggest?A．Thisresearchprovesacompletesuccess.B．Scientistsagreeonthisresearch.C．Thereisstillroomforimprovement.D．Mosquitoesturnthemselvesagainstharmfulones.8．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Bacteria­infectedMosquitoesBiteDeadlyDengueB．TransformMosquitoesintoAnnoyingBitersC．FightAgainstMosquitoeswithWolbachiaD．HarmlessMosquitoesAreonTheirWayC[2019～2020·西安五校高三联考]Wouldyouhelpatrappedrobot?Someratswould.Theycanformsocialbondswithrobotsandwillevenrescuearobotratthatistrappedinacage.Ratsneedtobehighlyattuned(熟悉)tosocialsignalsfromotherssotheycanidentifyfriendstocooperatewithandenemiestoavoid.Tofindoutifthisextendstolifelessthings,LalehQuinnattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,andhercolleaguestestedwhetherratscandetectsocialsignalsfromrobotrats.Theyhousedeightadultratswitharobotratforfourdays.Therobotratresembledalargeversionofacomputermousewithwheelstomovearoundandcolorfulmarkings.Duringtheexperiment,thesocialrobotratfollowedthelivingratsaround,playedwiththesametoys,andopenedcagedoorstolettrappedratsescape.Next,theresearcherstrappedthesocialrobotinacageandgavetheratsthechancetosetitfreebypressingalever(杠杆).Across18trialseach,thelivingratswerelikelytosetthesocialrobotfree.“Thissuggeststheratsviewedthesocialrobotasarealsocialbeing，”saysQuinn.“Theratsmayhavebondedwiththesocialrobotbecauseitshowedbehaviorlikecommunal(共有的)exploringandplaying.Thiscouldleadtotheratsbetterrememberinghavingfreeditearlier,andwantingtherobottoreturnthefavorwhentheygettrapped，”saysshe.Therobotwasthesamesizeasaregularrat.“We'dassumedwe'dhavetogiveitamovingheadandtail,facialfeatures,andputasmellonittomakeitsmelllikearealrat,butthatwasn'tnecessary，”saysJanetWilesattheUniversityofQueenslandinAustralia,whohelpedwiththeresearch.“Thefindingshowshowsensitiveratsaretosocialsignals,evenwhentheycomefromrobots.”9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inParagraph2referto?A．Thesensitivityofratstosocialsignals.B．Therats'approachtoidentifyingfriends.C．Theabilityofratstoavoidenemies.D．Thewillingnessofratstotalkwithrobots.10．Whatistherobotratintheexperimentlike?A．Itssmellisthesameasarealrat's.B．Itlookslikeabigcomputermouse.C．Itsheadandtailcanmovenaturally.D．Itcanbehaveandthinklikehumans.11．WhydidthelivingratssetthesocialrobotfreeaccordingtoLalehQuinn?A．Tomakefriendswithitinthefuture.B．Toreturnthefavortheygotfromit.C．Toviewitasareallivingrat.D．Togetaccesstoitshelpsomeday.12．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．RobotsHaveSocialSkillslikeAnimalsB．RatsAreFondofRobotslikeHumansC．RatsCanBondwithSocialRobotsD．RobotsAreAbletoSendSocialSignals阅读理解技能保分练(九)词句猜测题——句意猜测类A[2020·湖北八校第一次联考]IarrivedatmyChineseclassroom,readytosharemyvastknowledgeandexperiencewiththe75students.HavingtaughtintheUSAfor17years,Ihadnoworryatallaboutmyabilitytoplantenthusiasmfortheliteratureofmymothertongueinmystudents'mind.Iwasreallyshockedwhenthemonitorshouted“Standup”andtheentireclassroseasIenteredtheroom,andIwassomewhatconfusedandanxiousabouthowtogetthemtositdownagain,butoncethatembarrassmentwasover,IquicklycalmeddownandlaunchedintowhatIthoughtwasafact­packedlecture.Afterclass,Iwassureofgainingtheirrespect—perhapseventheiradmiration.Iwentbacktomyroomwithaglowofpleasurethatcamefromasenseofsignificantaccomplishment.Mystudentskeptjournals,however,andasIreadthem,thepleasurewasgraduallyreplacedbyanoverwhelmingsenseoffrustration.Thefirstjournalsaid,“Ourliteratureteacherdidn'tteachusanythingtoday.Perhapshernextlecturewillbebetter.”Heartbroken,Ireadjournalafterjournal,eachexpressingasimilartheme.“Didn'tteachthemanything?Isketchedtheentirephilosophicalframeworkofthethoughtandthehistoricalbackgroundforalltheworkswewouldstudyinclass.”Icomplained,“HowcantheysayIdidn'tteachthemanything？”Determined_to_clear_myself,_Idugoutallmyreferencebooks,addingbackgroundmaterialtomynextlecture,researchingintothesociologicalsettingandeventhepsychologicalstateoftheauthor.Afterthesecondclass,Ieagerlyopenedthejournals,expectingpositivereviews.Again,IwascrushedbytheircontinuingcommentsthatIwasgoingtooslowlywithoutgivingmeaningfuldetails.Moredeterminedthanever,Idivedintosourcesofcriticism,decidingtodevotemoretimetothetextsbyprovidingsummariesofalltheinterpretationsIcouldfind.Thismaterialwouldgivemystudentsampleinformationfordrawingtheirownconclusionsabouttheworks'meaning.“Ourteacherseemedconfusedabouttherealmeaningoftheworks，”thejournalssaid.“Oneminuteshegaveoneinterpretation;thenextminuteshegaveanother.Thensheaskedforouropinions.We'rethestudents.She'stheteacher.Sheshouldtelluswhattheworksmean.”Itwasalongsemester,anditgraduallybecamecleartomethatmyideasabouteducationwerepurelyWestern,andthatChineseideasdifferedsignificantly.Ithoughtateacher'sjobwastoraiseinterestingquestionsandprovideenoughbackgroundinformationsothatstudentscoulddrawtheirownconclusions.Mystudentsthoughtateacher'sjobwastoprovideaccurateinformationasdirectlyandconciselyaspossible.Americanswantedtointerpretandexperiencethings.TheChinesewantedtomasterandmemorizethings.1.HowdidthewriterfeelbeforeshebeganherteachinginChina?A．Worried.B．Confident.C．Disappointed.D．Confused.2．Whatmightbethereasonwhythewriterwasshockedwhenthemonitorshouted“Standup”？A．Thestudentsintendedtoscaretheirnewforeignteacher.B．Thestudentsrefusedtostandupbeforetheirnewforeignteacher.C．Thewriterwasalittleshyandfeltembarrassedwhensheenteredtheclassroom.D．Thewriterdidn'tknowmuchabouttheChineseclassroomandthatwastotallyunexpected.3．Whatdoesthewritermeanbysaying“Determinedtoclearmyself”inPara.4?A．Shewantedtobetterunderstandthestudents'question.B．Shewantedtoproveherabilityinteachingthecourse.C．Shewasalittlebitangrywiththestudents.D．Shewasverydisappointedwithherself.4．Whichofthefollowingmightthewriteragreewith?A．ChineseandWesternideasabouteducationareslightlydifferent.B．Ateacher'sjobistomakestudentsthinkandhavetheirownopinions.C．Teachingistoprovideaccurateinformationdirectlyandclearly.D．BothAmericansandtheChinesetendtodrawconclusionsbythemselves.B[2020·江西省五校协作体高三模拟]Itookamotorrickshaw(人力车；黄包车)tothetrainstationinthecityofBelapur.Thedriverdidn'tspeakmuchEnglish,butunderstood,“BelapurRailwayStation.”Ihadmytabla,atraditionaldrumfromIndia,mysuitcasewithmyclothesandotheressentials.Thefeelingofflyingbycarsinthislittlemachineis:asifyouareinsideaboxwithtinywheels,dashingthroughdisorderlytraffic.Iarrivedatthestationsafely,andtookaheavybreathasIunloadedmybaggagebeforetheticketoffice.ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadtakenalocaltraintoTilakNagar,whereIwasgoingtolearntraditionalvocalmusic.Standinginline,Icountedatleast20peoplestaringatme.Iboughtmyticket,whichwasonly55centsfora20­minutetrainride.The_prices_still_blow_me_away.Whenthetraincameafter15minutesorso,Igotonatfullspeed,asthetrainonlystoppedforafewseconds.Thelocalsagainstaredatme.Thiswasatrainespeciallyforlocaltransport.Afterawhile,ayoungmanaskedmeifhecouldtalktome.HewantedtoknowifIwasinaband.Istatedno,butIlovetoplaythetabla.ThroughtheconversationIknewhewasastudentofengineeringwithhisexamsbeingtomorrow,Iwishedhimgoodluckfortheexamssincerely,asIknewwhatitmeanstoIndianstudentstogetgoodmarksontheirexams.Ifstudentsdonotgetgoodenoughscores,jobopportunitieswillbefewinahighlycompetitiveenvironment.ThestudentImethelpedmeunloadmyluggageasthetrainreachedTilakNagarStation.Heshookmyhandstronglyandlookedintomyeyeswiththemarkofgenuinekindness,despiteusmeetingforonly20minutes.5．Howdidtheauthorfeelabouttheridebyamotorrickshaw?A．Worthless.B．Worrying.C．Common.D．Expensive.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedpartmeaninthepassage?A．Thetrainticketcosthimtoomuch.B．Itwasquitecheaptotakethetrain.C．Thetrainwassoconvenientforhim.D．Itwasunusualtotakeatrainthere.7．Whatcanweknowabouttheyoungmanmentionedinthepassage?A．Hewantedtolearntoplaythetablafromtheauthor.B．Hewasgoingtoauniversitytolearnvocalmusic.C．Hewouldtakehisexaminationsseriously.D．HewishedtofindajobinTilakNagar.8．Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthepassage?A．TotellreadershegottoknowanIndianyoungman.B．ToimplyitwasunsafetotravelaloneinIndia.C．TocomplainaboutthemessyanddirtyIndiantrain.D．TosharehisfirsttimeonatraininIndia.C[2020·福州市高中毕业班质量检测]Thereisapicture:Apolarbearislyinglifelessonabeach.Ontheshore,inthebackground,standthreeguards,talkingtoeachother.Oneofthemhasadeadlyweaponhangingcasuallyonhisshoulder.Thispowerfulimagehasmadepeoplequestionthemotivationforthiskindoftourism,orecotourism.Doesourproximity(接近)tolargeanimalsinthewild,frequentlyfueledbyadesireforexcitingimages,leadtosuchanimalsbecomingaccustomedtohumancontact?Ifthatisthecase,surelythelosingsidewillenduppayingtheultimatepriceforsuchproximity.Tomysorrow,IhaverecentlyreturnedfromatriptoSvalbard,andindeedstoodtwoweeksagoontheverybeachwherethebearwasshot.Thebear'sdeathshouldneverhavehappened.Wasthebeachexaminedbeforehand?Wasthereaccesstoflares(照明弹)toscareoffabearthatappearedsuddenly?Thesearestandardmeasuresforanyoperator.Theincidentisprobablytheresultofaterriblesystematicfailure.Nevertheless,theincidentshouldnotnegatethevalueofecotourism.Initsbestform,thiskindoftravelhasverylittleimpact,orindeedhasapositiveeffect,ontheenvironmentwhereittakesplace.Thiscanbebymakingfinancialdonationstoconservationgroups,providingincometolocalcommunities,orensuringprotectionofcertainareasoranimals.InSvalbard,visitorsbecomeambassadorsfortheendangeredpolarbear,increasingawarenessofthefactthatthefargreaterdangertheyarefacingistheseaicemeltintheArcticOcean.Ecotourismisanexpandingmarketthatbringsbenefitsaswellaschallengestotheregionsaroundtheworldinwhichitoperates.Simply_closing_off_these_regions_is_not_the_answer.9．Whywasthepolarbeardead?A．Itwasprobablyhuntforitsfurbytourists.B．Itwasprobablyfrightenedtodeathbyflares.C．Theproperproceduresweren'tprobablyfollowed.D．Thebeachwasn'tprobablyequippedwithsafetydevices.10．Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A．Ecotourismcouldbedevelopedproperly.B．Financialdonationsshouldbestronglyadvocated.C．Environmentalawarenesshasgreatlyincreased.D．Visitorshaveaguiltyconscienceaboutecotourism.11．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphsuggest?A．Morechallengeshaven'tyetbeenaccepted.B．Bettermeasuresforconductingecotourismareagoodchoice.C．Theenvironmentalbenefitsfromecotourismareveryobvious.D．Thepositiveeffectsofprotectingtouristshaven'tyetbeenfelt.12．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．Tocausereaderstofocusonpolarbears.B．Tostimulatereaderstoreflectonecotourism.C．Tostresssideeffectsthatecotourismhascaused.D．Toanalyzethereasonwhythepolarbearwaskilled.阅读理解技能保分练(十)主旨大意题——最佳标题类A[2020·沈阳市教学质量监测(一)]Sincetheageofthree,ChelsieHillhaddreamedofbecomingadancer.Thatambitionnearlyendedonenightin2010.Hill,thena17­year­oldhighschoolseniorinPacificGrove,California,wasinacaraccidentthatleftherparalyzedfromthewaistdown.Formostpeople,thatwouldhavedashedanyhopeofadancingcareer.ForHill,itwasthebeginning.“Iwantedtoprovetomycommunity—andtomyself—thatIwasstill‘normal’，”shetoldTeenVogue.“Whatever‘normal’meant.”“Normal”forhermeantdancing,soHilldiditinherwheelchairrightalongsidehernon­disabledhighschooldanceteam.“Itdefinitelytookalotoflearningandpatience，”HilltoldToday.Aftergraduation,Hillwantedtoexpandherdancenetworktoincludewomenlikeher.Shemetpeopleonlinewhohadsufferedvariousinjuriesbutsharedherdetermination,andsheinvitedthemtodancewithher.Hopingtoaffectmorepeopleinalargercity,HillmovedtoLosAngelesin2014andformedateamofdancerswithdisabilitiesshecallsRollettes.“Iwanttobreakdownthestereotype(模式化观念)ofwheelchairusersandshowthatdanceisdance,whetheryou'rewalkingoryou'rerolling，”shetoldCBSNews.Dancingonwheels,Rollettesdiscovered,canbejustasfast­paced,artful,andfulfillingasthefoot­basedvariety.They'rehavingfun,andthefunistouching.Hillhasattainedwhatmanyofusneverwill:herchildhooddream.ButRolletteshavehelpedherfindsomethingelsejustasfulfilling.EveryyearsheholdsadancecampforwheelchairusersofallagesandabilitieswithaneyetohelpingthemfindtheirinnerGingerRogersorJulianneHough.Thedancersaren'ttheonlyonesfeelinginspired.Onewomansawavideooftheteamcompetingandcommented,“Youguysaresoawesome!TobeinawheelchairandstillbesobeautifulmakesmeknowIcanbebeautifultoo!Thankyou！”1．WhatcanwelearnaboutChelsieHill?A．Shewasbornwithdisability.B．Sheexperiencedacaraccidentin2014.C．Shehaddreamedtobeadancersincechildhood.D．Herdancingcareerstoppedwhenshewas17.2．HowdidChelsieHillproveherselftobenormal?A．Bygraduatingwithhonor.B．Bydancinginawheelchair.C．Byrefusingtouseawheelchair.D．Bystartingahighschooldanceteam.3．WhydidChelsieHillstartRollettes?A．Tosatisfyherownambition.B．Tobetterunderstandachievements.C．Toachievebothsuccessandfame.D．Toinspiremoredisabledwomentodance.4．What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．ChaseYourDreams—EveninaWheelchairB．FormaDanceTeam—aBigBonusC．BecomeaDancer—aChallengingDreamD．DanceonWheels—aNewTrendB[2020·“四省八校”高三第二次质量检测]AnewstudyfromLundUniversityinSwedenshowsthatthepresenceorabsenceofmoonlighthasaconsiderableeffectonwhenmigratory(迁徙的)birdstakeflightintheautumn.Togetherwithhiscolleagues,GabrielNorevikstudiedEuropeannightjars(夜鹰)andhowthelunarcycleandmoonlightaffecttheleavingtimewhenthebirdsstarttheirthree­month­longmigrationflighttoareassouthoftheSahara.Usingminiaturedataloggerstheresearchersrecordedtheactivityof39Europeannightjarsoveraone­yearperiod.Theresultshowsthatthebirdsbegintheirautumnmigrationsouthabouttendaysafterthefullmoon,andthattheindividualbirdssynchronise(同速进行)themigrationandflyoffmoreorlessatthesametime.“Itsurprisedusthatthelunarcycleandthetimethebirdsspentinhuntinginsectscovarysowell.Thisinturnaffectstheirmigrationpatterninsuchawaythattheysynchronisetheirflightsothatalmostallofthemflyoffatthesametime,tendaysafterthefullmoon，”saysGabrielNorevik.Europeannightjarsusetheirsightwhentheyhuntatnight.Inthemoonlighttheyfinditeasiertocatchflyinginsectsandrefilltheirenergyreserves.ThebirdsmigrateinthreestagesfromnorthernEuropetowinteringsitessouthoftheSahara.Eachstagefollowsthesamepattern:firstthemoonprovidesdoubleofthelightforthebirdstohuntinsects,andthenextstageofthemigrationstartstendaysafterthefullmoon.Theresearchersdoubtwhetherotherbirdsalsoadapttothelunarcyclewhentheymigrate.“Wewillgoontoexaminethatandwhateffectsthistypeofsynchronisedmigrationhasonthebirdsthemselvesandtheirsurroundings，”saysGabrielNorevik.5．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A．39Europeannightjarswerechartedoveralifelongperiod.B．Europeannightjarscatchflyinginsectsmoreeasilybymeansofmoonlight.C．Theindividualbirdsstartthemigrationtendayslaterthangroupbirds.D．Thelunarcycleandtheendingofthebirds'migrationcovaryverywell.6．Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A．Thebirds'migrationhasthreepatterns.B．ThebirdsmigratetonorthernEuropeforfood.C．Thestageofthemigrationstartsafterthefullmoon.D．Europeannightjars'migrationisfromAugusttoDecember.7．Whatmightbeexaminedinthefollowingstudy?A．Nightjars'habitat.B．Absenceofthemoon.C．Otherbirds'migration.D．Insects'surroundings.8．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．MigrationFlightandMoonlightB．MigratoryBirdsandAutumnC．TenDaysMakesaDifferenceD．EuropeanNightjarsNeedtoMigrateC[2020·南昌市高三一模]Theremainsofanancientape(猿)foundinaBavarianclaysiterecentlycaughtpeople'seye.Accordingtoscientists,theymayrenewpeople'sopiniononwhenhumans'ancestorsbeganstandingupright.AninternationalteamofresearcherssaidthefossilizedskeletonofamaleapethatlivedinthehumidforestsofwhatisnowsouthernGermanyboreastrikingresemblance(相似之处)tomodernhumanbones.InapaperpublishedbythejournalNature,theyconcludedthatthepreviouslyunknownspecies—namedDanuviusguggenmosi—couldwalkontwolegsbutalsoclimblikeanape.Thefindings“raisefundamentalquestionsaboutourpreviousunderstandingoftheevolutionofthegreatapesandhumans，”saidMadelaineBoehme,wholedtheresearch.ThequestionofwhenapescouldwalkontwolegshasfascinatedscientistssinceCharlesDarwinfirstarguedthattheyweretheancestorsofhumans.Previousfossilrecordsofapeswithanuprightmove—foundinCreteandKenya—datedonlyasfarbackas6millionyears.TheseapesarecalledToumaï.Boehme,alongwithresearchersfromBulgaria,CanadaandtheUnitedStates,examinedmorethan15,000bonesrecoveredfromthearchaeologicalremains.Amongtheremainstheywereabletopiecetogetherprimate(灵长目动物)fossilsbelongingtofourindividualsthatlived11.62millionyearsago.Themostcomplete,anadultmale,likelystoodabout1metertall,weighed31kilogramsandlookedsimilartomodern­daybonobos,aspeciesofthechimpanzee.Likehumans,DanuviushadanS­shapedbackbonetoholditsbodyuprightwhilestanding.Unlikehumans,though,ithadapowerfulbigtoethatwouldhaveallowedittograbbrancheswithitsfooteasily.FredSpoor,apaleontologistattheNaturalHistoryMuseuminLondon,calledthefossilfinds“fantastic”butsaidtheywouldlikelybedeniedorsuspectedbyothers,notleastbecausetheycouldchallengemanyexistingideasaboutevolution.9．Wheredidthescientistsfindthebones?A．Germany.B．Bulgaria.C．Kenya.D．Brazil.10．WhatcanweinferaboutDanuvius?A．ItcouldmakeS­shapedtools.B．Itwasaspeciesofthechimpanzee.C．ItlivedinCreteandKenya.D．ItexistedmuchearlierthanToumaï.11．HowdoesSpoorfeelaboutthefinding?A．Itoffersfurthersupportforthetheoryofevolution.B．Itmaycausemuchdebate.C．Itisafantasticfinding.D．Itdeniesthepreviousideas.12．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheSecretsRevealedfromFossilsB．LegendofHumans'AncestorsC．FindingsAgainsttheTheoryofEvolutionD．TheOldestExampleofUprightApeFoundinaBavarianClaySite阅读理解技能保分练(八)A语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与社会——学校——草原式花园[文章大意]介绍了我们班培植的“草原式花园”上电视的故事。1．答案与解析：D考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Theproducercheckedwiththedirectors,buttheysaidtherewereplentyofstoriessimilartoours...manyschoolsplantgardens.”可知，电视台的制片人和导演们核实了情况，但他们说有许多像我们这样的故事。他们想知道我们的花园有什么特殊之处，因为许多学校都培植花园。由此可推知，电视台的导演们最初对我们的花园是不感兴趣的。2．答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第三段第二句中的“Wehadbeentoaprairieandgottenseedsfromtheplants,andthenweplantedthem.”可知，我们去过大草原，在那里获取草原植物的种子，然后把它们种在花园里。由此可知，我们的花园的特殊之处在于种子来自草原植物。故选C。3．答案与解析：B考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“Allthatwork,allthoseblisters,itwasworthit.”可知，画线词指代的是其中的“itwasworthit”，即我们培植花园所付出的努力是值得的。故选B。4．答案与解析：C考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Thenewsreportertoldourstory.Itwasonlytwominuteslong,butitwasus...thewholecitythoughtso,too.”可知，新闻记者报道了我们的故事，虽然只有两分钟，但是它是有关我们的。我们每天看到花园都觉得我们的努力是值得的，而且现在整个城市的人也会这样认为。由此可推知，作者为他们培植花园的项目感到自豪。故选C。B语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——疾病防治——携带沃尔巴克氏菌的蚊子能够对抗登革热[文章大意]本文介绍了一项新的研究：研究人员在实验室里向蚊子的卵注射沃尔巴克氏菌，然后释放携带该细菌的蚊子，让其通过交配传播该细菌，以阻止通过蚊子传播的登革热。5．答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第二段尾句“ReleasingenoughWolbachiacarriers,boththefemalesthatbiteandthemalesthatdon't,allowsmating(交配)tospreadthebacteriathroughalocalmosquitopopulation.”可知，实验室成长的蚊子通过交配传播沃尔巴克氏菌。故选D。6．答案与解析：C考查代词指代。根据画线词所在句中的“Dengueisspreadwhenamosquitobitessomeonewhoisinfected,andthenbitesanotherperson,butsomehowWolbachiablocksthat”可知，that在这里指代上文所说的登革热的传播。故选C。7．答案与解析：C考查推理判断。根据第七段第一句“Moreresearchisneeded,specialistscautioned.”以及第二句中的“butthereclearlyaregoingtobethingstobelearnedfromtheareaswherethereductionsarenotasgreat”可知，专家提醒，还需要做更多的研究；宾夕法尼亚州立大学的教授Elizabeth说对登革热发病率降低效果不明显的地区应做研究学习。由此可知，答案选C。8．答案与解析：A考查主旨大意。根据第一段第一句并结合其他内容可知，本文主要介绍了一项新的研究：研究人员在实验室给蚊子的卵注射沃尔巴克氏菌，然后释放携带沃尔巴克氏菌的蚊子，让其交配来传播该细菌以阻止通过蚊子传播的登革热。故A项最适合作本文标题。C语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——科学实验——老鼠解救受困机器鼠[文章大意]该文介绍了来自加州大学圣地亚哥分校的LalehQuinn及其团队通过实验发现老鼠可以察觉到机器鼠发出的社交信号，并释放受困的机器鼠。9．答案与解析：A考查代词指代。根据第二段第一句“Ratsneedtobehighlyattuned(熟悉)tosocialsignalsfromotherssotheycanidentifyfr