新教材适用2023-2024学年高中英语Unit5LaunchingYourCareerSectionⅠReadingandThinking学案新人教版选择性必修第四册

单元重点回顾Ⅰ.重点单词1．secondaryadj.中学的；次要的→secondarilyadv.在第二，其次，在第二位①secondarytosth.仅次于……②secondaryteachers中学教师③thesecondarycurriculum中学课程secondadv.以第二名；以第二位；(用于列举)第二，其次；n.秒(时间单位)；片刻；瞬间；秒(角度单位)2．shadevt.给……遮挡(光线)；加灯罩；把……涂暗n．阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分①intheshade(of...)在(……的)阴凉处②shade...from/against...为……挡住……③putsb./sth.intheshade使某人或事物黯然失色；使相形见绌3.dragvt.拖；拽vt.&vi.缓慢而费力地移动①dragon过得很慢；拖沓地进行②dragoneselfoutofbed硬撑着从床上爬起来③dragodoingsth.硬拉某人做某事4.privilegen．优惠待遇；特权vt.给予……特权，有特权①havetheprivilegeofdoing/todosth.有做某事的特权或荣幸②It'sa/one'sprivilegetodosth.做某事是特权或荣幸。③beprivilegedtodosth.荣幸地做某事5.resignvt.&vi.辞职；辞去①resignone'sjob/post/position辞去工作/职位②resignfrom辞职③resignoneselfto(doing)sth.顺从……；使自己安于(做)某事④resignas...辞去当……的职务⑤resign...to...把……托付给……6．deservev．应受；值得；应得①deserveconsideration/attention/praise值得考虑/注意/赞扬②deservetodosth.应该做某事③deservedoing＝deservetobedone应该/值得被……7．inputn．情况；信息；投入；输入vt.输入①inputinto/tosth.投入资源(指时间、知识、思想等)；投入；输入②inputofsth.……的投入③outputn．产量，输出量；输出8．contractvt.感染(疾病)；与……订立合同(或契约)n．合同；契约→contractualadj.合同的，契约的；按合同(或契约)规定的→contractorn．承包人；承包商；承包公司①contractwith与……订立(某种协议或合同)，与……建立(某种关系)②contractfor承建；承包；承办③contractin(tosth.)订约参与④contractout(ofsth.)订约不参与；退出(或不参加)合约⑤contractsb.tosth.与……订立合同(或契约)9．consultationn．咨询；咨询会→consultvt.咨询；请教；商量；查阅；查询①inconsultationwith与……磋商②consultsb.aboutsth.向某人咨询某事③consultwithsb.(about/onsth.)(就某事)与某人商量Ⅱ.重点短语1.bedyingtodo极想做，渴望做“渴望做某事”的其他表达法：bethirstyfor.../todo...beeagerfor..../todo...beanxiousfor.../todo...longfor.../longtodo...bedyingfor...①dieof/fromsth.死于……②dieaway(声、光、风)渐弱，逐渐消失③diedown(火、暴风雨、光)渐弱，平息，渐息④dieout完全消失，灭绝2.(be)upto做；忙于；从事于；多达；达到(数量/规格)；胜任；直到……为止；取决于，由……决定；是……的责任①beuptodoingsth.胜任做某事；正在忙于做某事②beuptosb.由某人决定③beuptosb.todosth.由某人决定做某事④uptonow到目前为止(常与现在完成时连用)⑤uptodate最新式的；现代的3.nottomention更不用说；且不说(1)“更不用说”的其他表达法：tosaynothingof/nottospeakof/needlesstosay/muchless/letalone(2)其他常见的todo作插入语①tobehonest/frank/brief诚实/坦率/简单地说②totellthetruth实话说③tomakethings/mattersworse更糟糕的是④tobeginwith首先⑤toconclude总之⑥tosumup总之⑦toputitanotherway换种说法⑧toputitsimply简单地说4.adapt(oneself)to(使自己)适应……①adaptoneselfto使自己适应……②adapt...todo...调整……以做……③adapt...from根据……改编……④adapt...for把……改写/改编成……⑤beadaptedfrom由……改编5.berelevantto与……有关“与……有关”的其他表达：berelatedtobelinkedto/withbeinvolvedinbeassociated/connectedwithhavesomethingtodowith6.makeadifference有影响，起(重要)作用①makeabig/alotofdifference(to)(对……)有很大的影响/作用②makesome/nodifference(to)(对……)有些影响/没有作用③makeallthedifference(to)(对……)关系重大/有很大影响7.take(...)forgranted认为(……)理所当然；对(……)不予重视①takesb./sth.forgranted(因习以为常)对……不予重视；(因视为当然而)不把……当回事②takeitforgranted(that...)认为……是理所当然③grantv．承认；同意；准许；授予④grantsth.tosb./sth.＝grantsb.sth.(尤指正式地或法律上)同意，准予，允许⑤take...seriously认真对待……⑥takeone'stime不用急；慢慢来⑦takepridein以……自豪⑧takechargeof负责；掌管⑨takeadvantageof利用⑩takeiteasy从容；不紧张；放松8.beopposedto反对……(to是介词)反对(做)某事：oppose(doing)sth.objectto(doing)sth.beagainst(doing)sth.同意(做)某事：subscribeto(doing)sth.beforsth.agreeto(do)sth.beinfavourofsth.Ⅲ.重点句型1．TheotherdayIwasshowingtheboysachemistryexperimentwhen，beforeIknewit，themixturewasbubblingoutofthetesttubespillingeverywhere!有一天，我正在给男孩子们做一个化学实验的演示，我还没明白怎么回事，混合剂就冒出试管，溅了一地。(when)2．LastweekendImademyfirstvisittoaremotevillage,hometooneofourstudents,Tombe.上周末，我第一次去了一个偏远的村庄，那里住着我们的一个学生，汤贝。(同位语)3．AnotherteacherandIwalkedfortwoandahalfhourstogetthere—first,upamountainfromwherewehadfantasticviews,andthendownashadedpathtothevalleybelow.另一个老师和我走了两个半小时到那儿——我们先爬上山，在那儿欣赏了优美的风景，然后沿一条荫蔽的小路到了下面的山谷。(where引导定语从句)4．Ilovedlisteningtothefamilytalkingsoftlytoeachotherintheirlanguage,eventhoughIcouldnotparticipatemuchintheconversation.我喜欢听他们家里人轻声细语地用自己的语言交谈，尽管我不能过多地加入他们的谈话。(eventhough)5．Later,Inoticedacanstandingupsidedownonthegrilloverthefire.后来，我注意一个罐子倒置在火上方的烤架上。(非谓语动词)6．WhyhelppeopleoverseaswhenChinahasmanyareasthatarestillinneedofdevelopment?既然中国许多地区仍然需要发展，为什么要帮助外国人民呢？(when)7．And,whilethecountryisquitebeautifulandhasmuchnaturalwealth,manyofthepeoplearequitepoorandlivewithoutthingswetakeforgranted...而且，虽然这个国家非常美丽，自然资源丰富，但很多人很穷，生活中没有我们认为理所当然的东西……(while)8．Priortothis,ifaTanzanianhadaheartconditionandneededsurgery,theywouldhavetogoabroad.在这之前，坦桑尼亚人若患有心脏疾病需要做手术，他们必须出国才行。(if引导虚拟语气)9．Now,notonlyareTanzanianshelpedbythehospital,butpeopleinneighbouringcountriesarehelpedaswell.现在，不仅坦桑尼亚人得到了医院的帮助，邻国的人民也得到了帮助。(notonly...but....aswell)10.NowthatIunderstandhowimportantmymother'sworkis,I'vedecidedtobecomeavolunteermyselftohelppeopleinotherlands.既然我明白了我母亲的工作是多么重要，我决定自己成为一名志愿者，帮助其他地区的人们。(nowthat)时文阅读吃塑料的“超级蠕虫”(原文选自、)语篇导读：塑料污染一直是困扰人们的重大环境问题。近日，澳大利亚的科学家们在寻找解决塑料垃圾的方法时，发现了一种爱吃塑料的“超级蠕虫”，它们仅靠进食塑料就能生存下来。这种超级蠕虫也叫大麦虫，实际上在生活中很常见。科学家希望这种“升级版”的生物循环能为人类提供塑料垃圾回收的新思路，从而减少垃圾填埋量。Arecentreportrevealedthat,intheUSalone,27milliontonsofplasticendedupinlandfillsin2018,butonly3.1milliontonswererecycled.Worldwidethenumbersaresimilarlybad,withjust9%ofplasticbeingrecycled.Thestatisticsareevenworseforcertaintypesofplastic.Forexample,outof80,000tonsofpolystyrene(聚苯乙烯)containersgeneratedintheUnitedStates,onlyasmallamount(lessthan5,000tons)wasrecycled.Now,researchersatTheUniversityofQueenslandhavefoundaspeciesofwormwithanappetiteforpolystyrenecouldbethekeytoplasticrecyclingonamassscale.Thesuperwormcaneatthroughpolystyrene,thankstoabacterialenzyme(酶)intheirgut.Tostudyhowsuperwormsreacttopurelyplasticfood,researchersbrokeup135ofthecreaturesintothreeteams:onewasfedonlywheatbran(麸皮),anotherwasfedonlyplastics,andthethirdwasgivennothing.“Wefoundthebran-fedwormshavebeensignificantlyhealthierthantheplastic-fedorstarvedworms,morethandoublingtheirweightoverthethreeweekstheyhavebeenmonitored.Thoughtheplastic-fedwormsmadelessimpressivegains,theystillputonmoreweightthanthestarvedworms，”Dr.Rinkesaid.“Thissuggeststhewormscangetenergyfromplastics,mostlikelywiththehelpoftheirgutmicrobes.”Researchersusedatechniquecalledmetagenomicstofindseveralencodedenzymeswiththeabilitytodegradepolystyrene.Thelong-termgoalistoengineerenzymestodegradeplasticwasteinrecyclingplants.“Superwormsarelikeminirecyclingplants,eatingthepolystyreneandthenfeedingittothebacteriaintheirgut，”Dr.Rinkesaid.It'shopedthisbio-upcyclingwillpromoteplasticwasterecyclingandreducelandfills.Researcherssaidtheyaimtogrowthegutbacteriainthelabandfurthertestitsabilitytodegradepolystyrene.Thentheycanlookintohowtoupscalethisprocesstoalevelrequiredforanentirerecyclingplant.1.WhatproblemdothestatisticsinParagraph1indicate?BA．Landfillsarepoorlymanaged.B．Plasticsarerecycledataverylowrate.C．Manyplasticcontainersareofpoorquality.D．Ittakesalongtimeforplasticwastetobreakup.2.Howdoresearchersconductthestudyonsuperworms?BA．Bycollectingdata.B．Bymakingacomparison.C．Byintroducingaconcept.D．Byreferringtoapreviousstudy.3.WhatcanweinferfromDr.Rinke'swords?CA．Plastic-fedwormshadadeclineinweight.B．Superwormsshowedlittleinterestinwheatbran.C．Superwormsc