人版高中英语必修一Unit3知识点详解

./Part1.Warmingup1、Whichkindoftransportdoyouprefertouse:busortrain?prefer宁愿；更喜欢用法：<1>prefer+n./pron.Theboypreferredadetectivestory.<2>prefer+v.-ingDoyoupreferlivingabroad?<3>prefer+todoShepreferstoliveamongtheworkingpeople.<4>prefersb.todosth.Shepreferredhimtostayathome.<5>prefer+n./pron./doing+to+n./pron./doing喜欢……而不喜欢Ipreferthetowntothecountry.Whilehewasintheofficehepreferreddoingsomethingtodoingnothing.<6>prefertodo...ratherthando=wouldratherdo...thando...宁愿……而不愿Iprefertowalkthereratherthangobybus.<7>prefer+从句<谓语动词用shoulddo,should可省略>Shepreferredthatheshoulddoitinthekitchen.2.Imaginethatyouplantospendaholiday.imagine的用法▲构词：①imaginationn.[C/U]想像,想像力,想像的事物②imaginativeadj.富有想像力的▲搭配：imaginesth/doingsthYoucanimaginethesituationthere.Ican’timagin<my>marryingagirlofthatsort.[考例]IcanhardlyimaginePeter___acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.A.sailB.tosailC.sailingD.tohavesailed[答案与解析]Cimagine后接动词的-ing形式,本句的Peter是这个动名词的逻辑主语.Part2.Pre-reading,readingandcomprehending1.Eversincemiddleschool,mysisterWangWeiandIhavedreamedabouttakingagreatbiketrip.从高中起,我姐姐王维和我就一直梦想做一次伟大的自行车旅行.<1>eversinde从那以后Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since+一般过去时<从句中的动作不能延续>自从……至今已经多久了.eg:It’sfiveyearssinceIleftthere.我离开那里有五年了.注意：在"It’s+一段时间+since从句",如果since从句的谓语动词是延续性动词,那么,它所表示的时间是从那个动作结束时起算,意为"不做...多久了".eg:It’sfiveyearssincehesmoked.他戒烟五年了.<2>dreamabout/of梦见,梦想2、Thenshepersuademetobuyone.<1>、说服;劝服;sb说服某人persuadesb.<not>todosth.sb.into/outofdoingsth.eg：Ipersuadedhimtodoit.=Ipersuadedhimintodoingit.〔2、使相信,使信服persuadesbofsth使某人信服某事persuadesbthat…使某人相信…eg：Hehaspersuadedmeofitstruth.Iampersuadedthatsuchisthefact.persuasiveadj.有说服力的persuasionn.说服,信服[注意]如果"劝说"不服,不能直接用persuade,而应用trytopersuadesbtodo或advisesbtodo.1.I__himnottosmoke,buthedidn’tthinkitnecessary.A.persuadedB.advisedC.hopedD.suggested2.Iwasableatlastto____mymothertofollowmyadvice.A.suggestB.adviseC.persuadeD.leaveoff3.Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan’thelp____intobuyingsomethingtheydon’treallyneed.A.topersuadeB.persuadingC.beingpersuadeD.bepersuaded3.WangWeisoongottheminterestedincyclingtoo.<复习get用法,详见Unit1知识点详解4.ItwasmysisterwhofirsthadtheideatocyclealongtheentireMekongRiverfromwhereitbeginstowhereitends.首先想到沿湄公河从源头到终点骑车旅游的是我的姐姐.〔复习强调句,详见Unit1知识点详解5、Althoughshedidn’tknowthebestwayofgettinggettoplaces,sheinsistedthatsheorganizethetripproperly.<1>、although,though引导让步状语从句不能再和but,and,however连用,但可以和副词yet,still连用.although从句多放在句首,though从句可在主句前,中,后任何位置,而且though可以作副词用于句末,作"但是,不过"讲,而although无此用法.Although/Thoughitwasraining,<yet>theystillworkedinthefields.Hesaidhewouldcome;hedidn’tcomethough.[随堂练习]______hehaslimitedtechnicalknowledge,theoldworkerhasalotofexperience.A.Since B.UnlessC.As D.Although〔2、insistv.坚持认为,坚持主张on/upon<one’s>doingsth坚持做,坚决做that+从句"坚持一种说法、看法或事实",后接的从句用陈述语气,按insist需要选择时态thatsb<should>dosth坚决主张做某事,后接的宾语从句常用虚拟语气,即"should+v."eg：Iinsistedon/uponhiscomingwithus.Heinsistedthathehadn’tstolenthegirl’shandbag.Marywasill.Herparentsinsisted thatshe<should>seeadoctor.[随堂练习]ThedoctorinsistedthatIahighfeverandthatIarestforafewdays.A.had;had B.have;haveC.had;have D.have;hadThemaninsistedataxiformeevenif/thoughItoldhimIlivednearby.A.find B.tofindC.onfinding D.infindingIinsistedthatadoctor__immediately.AhasbeensentforB.sentforC.willbesentforD.besentforThedoctorinsistedthatIahighfeverandthatIarestforafewdays.A.had;had B.have;haveC.had;have D.have;hadThemaninsistedataxiformeevenif/thoughItoldhimIlivednearby.A.find B.tofindC.onfinding D.infinding6、Mysisterdoesn’tcareaboutdetails.carevi.关心；介意n.关心；照顾careabout<tobeworriedabout/concernedwith>忧虑；担心；惦念carefor<=like,love>喜欢;照料；照顾〔=takecareof=lookafter>takecare小心；提防派生：carefuladj.细心的carefullyadv.细心地carefulnessn.细心carelesslyadv.粗心地carelessnessn.粗心carelessadj.粗心的⑴Theonlythinghecares__________ismoney.⑵Idon’treallycare_____redwine.=3\*GB2⑶Whowilltakecare___yourbabyifyouareout?=4\*GB2⑷Manyaccidentsarecausedby________<care>driving.=5\*GB3⑤Theystudiedthequestion_________<care>beforetheymadethedecision.7、Shegavemeadeterminedlook–thekindthatshewouldn’tchangehermind.〔1、determinev.决定,下定决心,确定①determinetodosth.=makeupone’smindtodosth.下定决心eg：HedeterminedtolearnFrench.②bedeterminedtodosth.决心做eg：Shewasdeterminedtogotouniversity.〔2、changeone’smind改变某人的主意eg：Nomatterwhatyousay,Iwon’tchangemymind.determinationn.决心,毅力determinedadj.坚毅的,下决心的8.WhenItoldherthatourjourneywouldbeginatanaltitudeofmorethan5000meters,sheseemedtobeexcitedaboutit.当我告诉她我们将在海拔5000米处开始旅程,她好像对此很兴奋.本句中的seem后面跟了不定式结构,意为"……看起来好像……".<1>seem常常和不定式,形容词,分词,名词和介词短语搭配.如:1>．seem+不定式〔短语Iseemedtohearavoiceinthedistance.Iseemtohavecaughtacold.seem后不定式的否定式习惯上用don’t来代替,〔放在seem前,如：Youdon’tseemtobequiteyourselftoday2>.seem+形容词Sheseemsquitehappytoday.=Sheseemstobequitehappytoday.3>．Seem+分词Thenewsseemsexciting.Theyseemsinterestedinthefilm.4>、seem+名词Sheseemsaclevergirl.Itseemedalongtimebeforemyturncame.5>.seem+介词短语Theyseemedinhighspirits.<2>seem常用于it作形式主语的"Itseems/seemedthat……"结构,如：Itseemsthatyouwerelying.Itseemsimpossiblethathewillbeheretomorrow.<3>.seem常用于由asif/though引导的从句中,如：Itseemsasifitisgoingtorain.Itseemsasifheknewnothingaboutthat.[注]在这种句式中,如从句所叙述的情实现的可能性比较大,从句谓语用陈述语气若实现的可能性较小,或根本不可能实现,从句的谓语则用虚拟语气.<4>.seems也常用在"thereseem<s>tobe"句式中,用来代替be,作句子的谓语.如：Thereseemstobenopointinrefusing.Thereseemedtobesomethingthematterwithhim.atanaltitudeof=ataheightof在海拔……米处e.g.Theplaneisflyingataheight/altitudeof10,000feet.注意:at在此处表"在……处/时,以……"后接年龄,速度,长宽深高,价格,费用等在…岁时attheageof以..的价格atahigh/lowprice在….深度\宽度处atadepth/widthof在…距离处atadistanceof9、WhenItoldhertheairwouldbehardtobreathanditwouldbeverycold…主语+be+adj.+todosth.是一常用句式即不定式用主动形式表达被动含义.不定式和主语之间是动宾关系,应使用及物动词的主动形式,若是不及物动词,要加相应的介词.常用的形容词有：easy,difficult,hard,interesting,pleasant,nice,dangeroues,important等；该句型可以转换成"It+be+adj+todosth."结构eg：Theproblemisreallyhardtoworkout.=Itisreallyhardtoworkouttheproblem.还有一类表示心理活动的形容词<surprised,moved,disappointed,pleased,happy,sad,delighted,sorry,interested,glad,worried,eager,anxious,angry等,主动用todo,被动用tobedone,也可接从句.WewerebothsurprisedtolearnthathalfoftheriverisinChina.我们惊奇地发现这条河有一半是在中国境内.Weweredisappiontedtobetoldthatthematchhadbeenputoff.10.Onceshehasmadeuphermind,nothingcanchangeit.Finally,Ihadtogivein.她一旦下了决心,什么也不能使她改变.最后,我只好让步了.once作为连词,作"一<旦>……就……"解,连接一个表示时间的状语从句.从句中常用一般现在时,现在完成时表将来.如：Onceyouhavebeginyoumustcontinue.Onceprinted,thebookwillbeverypopularonce用作副词,意为"一次；从前,曾经".11、Finally,Ihadtogivein.<1>、givein<tosb./sth.>屈服于,让步,递交eg：Hehadtogiveintomyviews.他只好顺从了我的意见.〔2、givein<sth.tosb.>上交eg：Pleasegiveyourexaminationpapersintotheteacher.[拓展]giveup放弃,认输giveout筋疲力尽；分配giveaway捐赠,泄露giveoff放出,散发〔光、热、烟、气、味等运用：用适当的介词或副词填空.〔1Hegave____toherrequest.〔2Ifyougive_____smoking,youwillsavealotofmoneyeveryyear.〔3Hisaccentgavehim_____.SoIknewhewasfromUSA.〔4Ourteachergave______tothepolicestationwhathepickedupfromtheground.〔5Hismoneysoongave______becauseheboughtalotofthings.12、Itbecomesrapidsasitpassesthroughdeepvalleys,travelingacrosswesternYunnanProvince.[辨析]across,through与overacross表示从一定范围的一边到另一边或事物交叉位置,"横穿,横跨"表面through表达两边穿过或穿过空间内部over表示"越过"是指越过较高的物体从一侧到另一侧Sheswamacrosstheriver.她游过河去.Theriverflowsthroughthecityfromwesttoeast.这条河从西往东流过城市.Thethiefclimbedoverthewallandranaway.小偷翻过墙逃走了.Part3.LearningaboutLanguage1、Adeterminedpersonalwaystriestofinishthejob,nomatterhowharditis.有决心的人总是努力完成工作,而不管它有多难.疑问词+ever,nomatter+疑问词whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever可以引导让步状语从句,也可以引导名词性从句,引导让步状语从句时,可以换成nomatterwhat/which/who/whom,位置可以在主句前,也可以在主句后.Takewhateveryouwant.拿你想要的任何东西.Wewillcompletetheworkontime,nomatterwhathappens.=Whateverhappens,wewillcompleretheworkontime.〔2wherever,whenever,however常引导让步状语从句,可以换成nomattewhere/when/how,可放在主句前或主句后.Wheneverhegoesabroad,hewillbuypresentsforhisyoungersister.=Nomatterwhenhegoesabroad,hewilbypresentsforhisyoungersister.2.exceptfor,except,but,besides表示"除了"的词或短语有：except;but;exceptfor;besides;exceptthat/when...等.<1>except和but都表示"除了……之外.没有",二者大多数情况下可以互换；但在no,all,nobody,nothing,noone等不定代词后多用but.Nooneknowsourteacher'saddressexcept/buthim.<排除him><2>besides除……之外,还……,有附加性.WhatotherforeignlanguagesdoyouknowbesidesEnglish?<English与otherlanguages都属于know的范围><3>exceptfor只不过……,整体肯定,部分修正,用于排除非同类事物,for表示细节上的修正.Yourarticleiswellwrittenexceptforafewspellingmistakes.当except用于句首时,后面往往要加上for.Exceptforthis,everythingisingoodorder.=Everythingisingoodorderexceptthis.<4>exceptthat/when...that后接句子Iknownothingofthatmanexceptthathe’sfromSichuan.Wedomorningexerciseseverymorningexceptwhenitisraining.Part4.UsingLanguage1.ShewasreliableandIknewIdidn’tneedtoencourageher.reliableadj.可信赖的；可靠的relyvi.依靠；依赖<通常接on/upon>put相关短语putup举起；挂起,张贴；建造,搭起；〔为某人提供食宿Heputuphishandtocatchtheteacher’sattention.Anewnotivehasbeenputupontheboard.They

put

up

a

new

house

here.

Willyouputmeupforthenight?putupwith忍受putaway放好,储存备用1.putsomethingaway:把...收拾起来

Now,putyourbooksaway.现在,把你的书收拾好.

2.putsb.away:把...送进监狱〔或精神医院

Thedoctorwantedmetohavehimputaway.医生要我把他送进精神病院.

3.put<money>away:把钱储蓄起来

I'vegot$1000putawayforarainyday.我有1000元存在银行以备不时之需.

4.putaway<foodordrink>：大吃大喝

Ihadputawayhalfabottleofwhisky.我一下子喝了半瓶威士忌.putdown写下,放下,镇压Let

me

put

down

your

telephone

number

lest

I

forget

it.

让我先记下你的电话号码,

以免忘了.Put

down

that

book

and

help

your

mother

with

the

dishes.

放下那本书,

帮你母亲洗餐具.

They

had

to

call

the

police

in

order

to

put

down

the

riot.

他们只得叫来警察以平定骚乱.putforward1.向前移

Why

don't

you

put

your

chair

forward

to

get

a

better

view?

你为什么不把椅子往前挪一点,

以便看得更清楚些?

2.将…提前

We

shall

have

to

put

the

meeting

forward.

我们得把会议提前.

3.把...向前拨;

将钟拨快

Put

your

watch

forward;

it's

five

minutes

slow.

将你的手表拨快些,

它慢了五分钟.

4.提出

He

put

forward

a

plan

for

the

committee

to

consider.

他提出一项计划交由全体委员审议putin打断,插嘴,话费〔时间He

put

in

a

good

word

for

me.

他插进来为我说了一句好话.

She

put

in

eight

hours

behind

a

desk.

她在花了八小时办公.putoff推迟,延期The

appointment

was

put

off

because

of

his

illness.

由于他生病而推迟了约会.puton穿上,上演They

are

going

to

put

on

Hamlet.

他们将上演《哈姆雷特》.putout扑灭〔火,伸出The

fire

was

soon

put

out.

火很快就扑灭了.It's

rude

to

put

out

your

tongues

at

people.

对人吐舌头是不礼貌的.putone’sheartinto全神贯注于3.separate的用法separate作动词时,指"把原来在一起的人或物分开".例如:Separatethosetwoboyswhoarefighting,willyou?<你>把那两个打架的孩子拉开,好吗?▲构词：separationn.[U]分开,分离▲搭配：①separateAfromB把A和B分开②AisseparatedfromBby…A和B为……所分开／阻隔③separatesth<up>into…把……分成<几分>作形容词时,"个别的,独自的,分离的"Wehavesepareterooms.我们都有各自的房间.4.schedulen.时间表；进度表vt.为某事安排时间accordingtoschedule按照计划；按照安排onschedule按时behindschedule晚点bescheduledtodo被安排,定于⑴火车按时到达.Thetrainarrived______⑵总统定于明天发表演说.ThePresidentis__________<schedule>tomakeaspeechtomorrow.5butIstayedawake.stay为连系动词.类似stay既能做行为动词又能作连系动词的还有：become,get,grow,turn,look,appear,seem,feel,taste,smell,sound,keep等.课文原文1.Twoyearsagosheboughtanexpensivemountainbikeandthenshepersuadedmetobuyone.2.ItwasmysisterwhofirsthadtheideatocyclealongtheentireMekongRiverfromwhereitbeginstowhereitends.3.Althoughshedidn’tknowthebestwayofgettingtoplaces,sheinsisted