美国山地救援协会介绍

MountainRescueAssociationSavinglivesthoughrescueandmountainsafetyeducation通过救援和教育挽救生命Whoweare

我们是谁？TheMountainRescueAssociationisaallvolunteerorganizationthatiscommittedtoimprovingthequality,availability,andsafetyofmountainsearchandrescue.山地救援协会是一个全部由志愿者构成的组织，我们致力于改善山地搜索和救援的质量，并提高其有效性和平安性。WhoweareMRAfoundedin1957by14localmountainrescueteamatMt.Hood,OregenthenorthwesternUnitedStates.Formedtosharemountainrescuetechniquestoimproveonrescuesafety.MRAnowhasteamsin9differentregions,over15differentstates,includingtheUSNationalParksService,andtheNationalSkiPatrol.HowitworksMRA,theonlynationalaccreditingorganizationinNorthAmerica.MemberteamstrainedinRock,Search,andSnowandIcerescuetechniques.Everyteammustpassanaccreditation/reaccreditationevery5yearstostaycurrent,andremainafullmemberoftheMRA.TheMRAanditsteamssupport“NoChargeforRescue〞MRAisthenationalbodythatsetsthebylaws,policiesandguidelinesformemberteams.Eachregion,andeachteam,hasitsownBoardofDirectors.EachmemberteamandregionalsohasitsownbylawsandguidelinesbasedonthosesetbytheMRAMemberteamsarerequiredtopayduestotheMRAbasedonteamsize山地救援协会作为全国性的机构为各救援团队制定规那么、政策和指导方针。每个地区、每个团队都有自己的执行委员会。每个地区、每个团队在山地救援协会规那么的根底上制定自己的规那么和指导方针。每个会员团队根据自身团队的规模向山地救援协会缴纳会费TheRegionalLevelEachregionsetsforthitsownbylawsandguidelinesbasedontheMRAstandardTheseincludeshoweachofitsteamswillaccredit/reaccredit.EachregionreportstotheMRAonthestatusofallitsmembereachyear地区层面每个地区基于山地救援协会的标准阐述自己的规那么和指导方针这包括如何认证本地区的救援团队每个地区每年向山地救援协会报告其所辖救援团队的状况Howtheteamsgettheirmoney

救援团队如何筹集经费Eachteamhasadifferentwayofraisingmoney.Manyoftheteamsgetsomefundingfromgovernment,whileothersrelyonprivatedonations.Mostteamsholdfundraiser,eitherthroughprivatehostingorthroughpubliceventsSometeamschargetheirteammembersdues每个救援团队都有获取经费的方法很多救援团队从政府获得经费支持，也有一些团队依靠私人捐款大多数救援团队通过募捐活动获得经费有些救援团队那么向其会员收取会费HowtheteamstrainResponsibilityofeachteamtomakesureit’smembersaretrainedproperly.Teamswillholdweekly,orbiweeklytrainings.Mostteamsrequireaminimumamountoftrainingsamemberhastoattendtoremaincurrent.Usuallyteammateswithhigherskillswillrunthetrainings.救援团队是如何训练的？确保其会员得到正确的培训是每个救援团队的责任救援团队每周或每月两次进行培训会员需保持一定的培训以维持自己参与救援的资格。

通常情况下，水平较高的队友组织培训HowtheteamstrainTeammembersaretrainedinthreeareasofrescue:Rock(High/lowangle)SearchAvalanche/snow/ice10InrockteamsaretrainedinHIGHANGLE高角度LOWANGLE低角度SEARCH

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雪崩GeartheteamsusesMostteamscarrythesamebasics;Rope,carabineers,ascending/descendingdevices,alitter,awheel,andmedicalgear.Mostteamswillcarryadditionalgeardependingontheircalloutareas,suchassnowmobilesandATV’s.救援团队使用的设备：绳子铁索上升/下降器担架(带轮子)轮椅医疗设备雪地摩托四轮摩托车PersonalGear个人装备：由个人负责救援团队一般与户外设备公司有协议，会员可优惠购置设备一套个人救援装备的价值在2000美元左右Personalgearistheresponsibilityofeachmember.Teamallhave“ProDeals〞withoutdoorgearcompaniessothatindividualscanaffordtherightgear.Mostrescuepackshaveabout$2000worthofgearinthemTheMountainRESCUEPROCEDUREMountainRescueteamsfollowtheIncidentCommandSystem(ICS)fortheorganizationofallrescuesUsedasauniversalmethodtoorganizemissionslargeandsmallItWorks!!山地救援程序救援团队按照标准的“事故指挥体系〞来实施所有的救援活动“事故指挥体系〞作为一种通用的方法适用于各类搜救任务，不管是大型的还是小型的。它确实管用！HowtotrainTraining