高考英语作文高级词汇替换

高考英语书面表达高分秘诀之高级词汇替换在高考作文阅卷过程中，老师会对一些“高级”词汇尤为偏爱。但是，大多数同学根本不具备单词升级意识，一想到“好”，就是“good”;一想到“坏”，就是“bad”;一想到“美丽”就是“beautiful”。当老师一天批阅上千份“内容相同、语言低龄”的作文时，她的痛苦感受可想而知。因此，你一定要避免这些“低能词汇”，让自己的词汇升级、升级再升级!那么，什么样的单词最能够吸引阅卷老师的好感?【原则一：晚词优先】(关注公众号:麦田笔墨；获取更多干货）老师偏爱“学得晚”的单词，因为使用学得比较晚的单词，可以体现一个人“学以致用”的意识。如果一个意思既可以用初中单词来表达，又可以用高二、高三单词来表达，那尽量选择高二、高三的单词，如：(1)Adj.困难的黯然低分词：difficult闪光高分词：challenging有挑战性的(2)Adj.重要的黯然低分词：important闪光高分词：vital至关重要的;essential必不可少的;significant有重要意义的;(3)Adj.美丽的黯然低分词：beautiful闪光高分词：appealing动人的;attractive吸引人的;charming迷人的;fascinating迷人的注：以上五个词既能修饰人，又能修饰物，非常好用，务必记熟!【原则二：短语优先】在阅卷老师看来，活用短语是一个考生能力的体现。因此，我们可以掌握一些将某些常见单词转化为短语的用法，如：(4)v.参加黯然低分词：join闪光高分词：takepartin(5)v.使用黯然低分词：use闪光高分词：makegooduseof(6)v.拜访黯然低分词：visit闪光高分词：payavisitto(7)最常见的换词手段：形容词=of+同根名词黯然低分词：闪光高分词：黯然低分词：闪光高分词：veryimportant重要的ofgreatimportanceveryharmful有害的ofgreatharmverydifficult困难的ofgreatdifficultyveryvaluable有价值的ofgreatvalueverybeautiful美丽的ofgreatbeautyverysignificant至关重要的ofgreatsignificanceveryuseful有用的ofgreatuseverynecessary必要的ofgreatnecessityveryhelpful有帮助的ofgreathelp【原则三：“具体化”单词优先】请先对比以下几组句子：【例句1】Igotoschooleveryday.【例句2】Iridetoschooleveryday.在课堂上，笔者经常以这两个句子为例，讲解“具体化”的重要性。很多同学都能感觉到例句2要比例句1好。究其原因，是例句2中的rode比例句1中的went更加具体：went只表达了“去”的意思，而rode不但表达出“去”的意思，还能表达出具体的交通方式。也就是说，例句2表达的信息量比例句1更加丰富。再如：【例句3】MrWangisagoodteacher.【例句4】MrWangisakind,patientandknowledgeableteacher.例句3只表达出MrWang是一个“好”老师，而到底“好”在哪些方面，却没有具体说清楚;例句4则清楚地告诉读者，MrWang好在三个方面：和蔼(kind)、耐心(patient)以及知识丰富(knowledgeable)。因此，我们必须学会换用更为具体的单词表达我们的思想，如：(8)adj.学习黯然低分词：learn闪光高分词：research研究;pickup偶然学到，顺便学到，轻松学到;master掌握(9)n.好老师黯然低分词：agoodteacher闪光高分词：akind,patientandknowledgeableEnglishteacher当然，除了替换某些表意抽象的单词，我们还可以通过增加细节成分，使表达更为具体，如，例句2可以加上同伴、心情等信息，进一步改写成：【例句5】I，togetherwithTomandJerry,rodetotheZhongshanparkyesterday，feelingratherexcited.同样的，例句4也可以加上一个定语从句，写出MrWang到底擅长哪些事情，如：【例句6】MrWangisakind,patientandknowledgeableteacherwhoknowshowtoenlightenusstudents.可以看到，例句5和例句6两个句子采用“具体化”的手段，将原本毫无生气的句子顿时变得生动形象了。综上所述，想让你的表达“具体化”，一共有两种常用方法，其一，是换掉某些表意不明确的单词，换上表意更加明确具体的单词;其二，是在句中适当增加细节成分。“具体化”的好处，是让句子的含义更加丰富，让读者更容易由句子展开丰富的联想，随着作者一起经历、一起思考、一起感动。在平时的学习、训练中，与其生硬地使用超纲词汇，不如好好熟悉大纲单词，用好“具体化”的两种方法，为你的作文增光添彩。事实上，“具体化”在汉语写作中也有同样的体现。比如，要表达“惜别”的感情，光说“再见”是不够的，应该像诗人那样，用具体化的细节带动感情，写出梦幻般的文字：“让我与你握别/再轻轻抽出我的手/知道思念从此生根/浮云白日/山川庄严温柔...”这就是“具体化”的作用，你体会到了吗?(关注公众号:麦田笔墨；获取更多干货）【原则四：大纲词汇的衍生词优先】在高中英语中，我们已经涉及到了词根词缀的知识。运用这些知识，可以将很多高中词汇衍生为四六级词汇甚至托福、雅思词汇。如果能够熟练使用一两个这种词汇，你的作文肯定“碉堡了”!举例如下，看看箭头后面的替换词都是由哪些单词变来的?(10)adj.当然地黯然低分词：certainly闪光高分词：obviously明显地;undoubtedly毫无疑问地;evidently显然地;(11)adj.不开心的黯然低分词：sad闪光高分词：discouraged气馁的;depressed沮丧的;downhearted垂头丧气的;low-spirited意志消沉的;可以看出，这里列举的“大纲词汇衍生词”看上去都相当“有水平”，但都是由大纲中的简单单词加上某些前缀、后缀变来的，可以说又好记，又好用，你学会了吗?只要运用以上四种方法，在平时的学习中不断积累和使用“闪光高分词”，一定能让你的作文绽放出最美的光辉!1.增补(Addition)inaddition另外;furthermore此外;again;also;besides;moreover此外;similarly;finally最后2.比较(Comparison)inthesameway;likewise同样地;similarly;equally;incomparison比较起来;justas同样地3.对照(Contrast)whereas然而;incontrast与此相反;ontheotherhand;instead同样;however然而;nevertheless然而;unlike;eventhough即使;onthecontrary;while4.因果(Causeandeffect)because;becauseof;for;since;dueto;owingto;thanksto;asaresult(of);accordingly;hence;so;thus5.强调(Emphasis)certainly;aboveall;indeed;ofcourse;surely;actually;asamatteroffact;chiefly;especially;primarily;inparticular;undoubtedly;absolutely;mostimprtant6.让步(Concession)although;though;afterall;inspiteof;nevertheless;still;provided;whileitistrue....7.例证(Exemplification)forexample;forinstance;thatis;namely;suchas;inotherwords;inthiscase;bywayofillustration.8.总结(Conclusion)tosumup;toconclude;inaword;inshort;inbrief;allinall;inall;toputitinanutshell;insummary9.推断(Inference)therefore;asaresult(of);consequently;accordingly;so;otherwise10.时间和空间(Timeandspace)afterward;after;first;later;then;soon;outside;near;beyound;above;below;ontheright(left);inthemiddle;opposite;infrontof11.启承转合Aproverbsays......Atpresent.......Astheproverbsays....Currently.....Generallyspeaking;....Now;....Ingeneral;.....OntheWhole....Itisclearthat....Recently.....Itisoftensaidthat....Withoutdoubt;.......First(ofall);......Moreover;.........Firstly;............Noonecandenythat....Inthefirstplace;.........Obviously.....Tobeginwith;.........Ofcourse;.........Also;.......Similarly;.........Atthesametime......Therefore;weshouldrealizethat.....Certainly......Thereisnodoubtthat.......Inaddition;.....What`smore;..........Infact........Itcanbeeasilyprovedthat...Meanwhile......But...Still;......Buttheproblemisnotsosimple...Thereisacertainamountoftruthinthis;butwestillhaveaproblemwithregardto.......However;.......Tooursurprise;..........Nevertheless;........Unfortunately.......Ontheotherhand;.......YetdifferencewillbefoundandthatiswhyIfeelthat........Othersmayfindthistobetrue;butIdonot.Ithink.....4)、合Aboveall;Inbrief;........Accordingly;.....Inconclusion;........Allinall;.......Inotherwords;itishardtoescapetheconclusionthat........Asaconsequence;.........Inshort;.........AsIhaveshown/said/stated/....Insum;........Insummary;.......Ashasbeennoted;....Obviously;.........Bysodoing;.....Onthewhole;.....Consequently;........Presumably;.......Eventually;.........Toconclude;......Finally;........Tosumup;.....Inaword;......Tosummarize;......★形容词：1.贫穷的：poor=needy=impoverished=poverty-stricken2.富裕的：rich=wealthy=affluent=well-to-do=well-off3.优秀的：excellent=eminent=top=outstanding4.积极的，好的：good=conducive=beneficial=advantageous5.消极的，不良的：bad=detrimental=baneful=undesirable6.明显的：obvious=apparent=evident=manifest7.健康的:healthy=robust=sound=wholesome8.惊人的：surprising=amazing=extraordinary=miraculous9.美丽的：beautiful=attractive=gorgeous=eye-catching10.有活力的：energetic=dynamic=vigorous=animated11.流行的：popular=prevailing=prevalent=pervasive1.Everywhere普遍的Widespread、Prevalent、Overflow、Rampant2.Good好的Beneficial、Advantageous3.Harmful有害的Inhumane、Detrimental、Baneful4.Rich富有的Wealthy、Affluent5.Poor贫穷的Impoverished7.Serious严重的Severe8.Obvious明显的Manifest、Apparent、Evident9.cheap便宜的Economical、Inexpensive★动词：1.提高，加强：improve=enhance=promote=strengthen=optimize2.引起：cause=trigger=endanger3.解决：solve=resolve=address=tackle=copewith=dealwith4.拆除：destroy=teardown=knockdown=eradicate5.培养:develop=cultivate=foster=nurture6.激发，鼓励：encourage=motivate=stimulate=spur7.认为：think=assert=hold=claim=argue8.完成：complete=fulfill=accomplish=achieve9.保留：keep=preserve=retain=hold10.有害于：destroy=impair=undermine=jeopardize11.减轻:ease=alleviate=relieve=lighten1.Improve提高：Promote、Advance、Enhance2.change改变：Transform3.Emphasize强调：Highlight、Stress、Address(这是个9星级用法)4.Develop培养：Agriculture、Cultivate、Nurture5.Break破坏：Impair、Undermine这两个词指的是抽象意义上的破坏Jeopardize、Devastate6.Keep保存Preserve、Conserve保护资源7.dealWith解决Tackle、Address（这也是高难度用法，很牛）、Resolve8.need需要Require、necessitate、callfor★名词：1.影响：influence=impact2.危险：danger=perils=hazard3.污染：pollution=contamination4.人类：humanbeings=mankind=humanrace5.老人：oldpeople=theold=theelderly=theaged=seniorcitizens6.幸福：happiness=cheerfulness=well-being7.老师：teachers=instructors=educators=lecturers8.教育：education=schooling=familyparenting=upbringing9.青少年：youngpeople=youngsters=youths=adolescents10.优点：advantage=merits=superiority=virtue11.责任：responsibility=obligation=duty=liability12.能力：ability=capacity=power=skill13.职业：job=career=employment=profession14.娱乐：enjoyment=pastimes=recreation=entertainment15.孩子：children=offspring=descendant=kid1.Forefather祖先Ancestor、Predecessor2.Difference不同Gap（简单但是牛）、Distinction3.Crime犯罪Delinquency、CriminalAct4.Environment环境Circumstance、Atmosphere、Surrounding、Ambience5.Pollution污染Contamination6.Human人类ThehumanraceHumanityHumankind7.Danger危险Peril、Hazard8.Inmodernsociety在当今社会IncontemporarysocietyInpresent-daysocietyInthisdayandage★短语：1.充满了：befilledwith=beawashwith=beinundatewith=besaturatedwith2.努力：strugglefor=aspireafter=strivefor=sparenoeffortsfor3.从事：embarkon=takeup=setabout=goinfor4.在当代:incontemporarysociety=inpresent-daysociety=inthisdayandage5.大量的:ahostof=amultitudeof=avastnumberof=avastamountof★插入语1.indeed的确，2.surely无疑，3.however然而，4.obviously显然，5.frankly坦率地说，6.naturally自然，7.luckily(或happily)forsb.算某人幸运，8.fortunately/luckily幸好，9.honestly真的，10.briefly简单地说,11.strangetosay说也奇怪，12.needlesstosay不用说，13.mostimportantofall最为重要是，13.worsestill更糟糕的是，14.inafewwords(或insum，inshort)简而言之，15.inotherwords换句话说，16.inasense在某种意义上，17.ingeneral一般说来，18.inmyview在我看来，19.inconclusion总之，20.insummary概括地说，21.infact事实上，22.inthefirstplace首先，23.inaddition此外，24.ofcourse当然，25.tomyknowledge据我所知，例如，27.asamatteroffact事实上,28.strictlyspeaking严格地说，29.generallyspeaking一般地说，判断,26.forinstance(或example)30.judgingfrom…根据……31.tobesure无疑，肯定地说，35.Ibelieve我相信，Iseeit照我看来，32.tosumup概括地说，33.totellthetruth老实说,34.Iamsure我可以36.Iwonder我不知道，37.thatis也就是说，38.itseems看来是，39.as40.whatisimportant(serious)重要(严重)的是1解决:Solve,dealwith,copewith,handle,resolve,address,tackle2损害：Damage,hurt,injure,harm,impair,undermine,jeopardize3给与：Give,offer,render,impart,provide,supply,afford4培养Develop,cultivate,foster5优势：Advantage,merit,virtue,benefit,upside,strength6缺陷：Disadvantage,demerit,drawback,downside,weakness7使迷惑：Puzzle,bewilder,perplex,baffle8重要的：Key,crucial,critical,important,significant,vital,substantial,indispensable,imperative9认为：Think,believe,insist,maintain,assert,conclude,deem,hold,argue,beconvinced,befirmlyconvinced,befullyconvinced10保护：Protect,conserve,preserve11确保：Assure,ensure,guarantee,pledge12有害的：Bad,banefulevil,harmful,detrimental13要求：Request,demand,needs,requisition14消除：Eliminate,clear,remove,clearup,takeaway,smoothaway15导致：Leadto,bringabout,resultin,cause,sparkoff,conduceto,procure,induce,generate16因此：So,therefore,thus,hence,consequently,asaconsequence,accordingly,asaresult,becauseofthis,asaresultofthis17增长至：Growto，riseto，increaseto，goupto，climbto，ascendto，jumpto，shootto18降低至：Dipto，fallto，declineto，decreaseto，dropto，godownto，reduceto，slumpto，descendto，sinkto，slideto19保持稳定：Levelout，donotchange，remainstable，remainstill，remainsteady，bestable，maintainthesamelevel，remainunchanged，bestill，remainthesamelevel，stayconstant，keepatthesamelevel，leveloff，stabilize，keepitsstability，evenout20急剧地：Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably21平稳地：Steadily，smoothly，slightly，slowly，marginally，gradually，moderately，mildly22宣称：Allege,assert,declare,claim23发生：Happen,occur,takeplace24原因：Reason,factor,cause25发展：Development,advance,progress26有益的：Useful,helpful,beneficial,profitable,rewarding，advantageous27影响：Influence,impact,effect28明显的：Clear,obvious,evident,self-evident,manifest,apparent,crystal-clear29占：Comprise,takeup,accountfor,constitute,consistof,makeup,occupy,hold,compose30与…相比：Comparedwith，comparedto，incomparisonwith，incomparisonto，bycomparisonwith，bycomparisonto31对比而言：Bycontrast，incontrast，ontheotherhand，onthecontrary=，conversely32展示：Show,reveal,illustrate,demonstrate,depict,present,represent,describe33大约：Approximately，almost，about，around，nearly，roughly34波动：Fluctuate，goupsanddowns，displayafluctuation，demonstrateafluctuation35事实上：Practically，inpractice，essentially，inessence，inreality，ineffect，infact，asamatteroffact，itisafactthat36换言之：Namely，thatistosay，inotherwords，toputitlikethis，toputitdifferently，toputitfromanotherway，toputitfromanotherangle.1.individuals,characters,folks替换people,persons2:positive,favorable,rosy(美好的)，promising(有希望的)，perfect,pleasurable,excellent,outstanding,superior替换good3:dreadful,unfavorable,poor,adverse,ill(有害的)替换bad如果bad做表语，可以有belessimpressive替换Eg.Anarmyofcollegestudentsindulgethemselvesinplayinggames,enjoyingromancewithgirls/boysorkillingtimepassivelyintheirdorms.Whenitapproachestograduation,asaresult,theyfindtheiracademicrecordsarelessimpressive.4.(anarmyof,anoceanof,aseaof,amultitudeof,ahostof,many,ifnotmost)替换many.注：用many,ifnotmost一定要小心，many后一定要有词。Eg.Manyindividuals,ifnotmost,harbortheideathat….同理用most,ifnotall,替换most.5:asliceof,qui