Unit+1+Science+fiction+Review+useful+structures+课件-【知识精讲精研】高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册+

一，课文原句分析1.ItwasgoingtobetestedoutbyLarry'swife，Claire.过去将来时的被动形式，构成：was/weregoingto＋be＋done2.Alltheworkhasbeenfinishedbynow.现在完成时的被动形式，构成：has/have＋been＋done3.Nowshewasbeinglookedafterbyarobotthatlookedsohuman，anditwasdisturbing.过去进行时的被动形式，构成：was/were＋being＋done4.Youareinvitedtomakeaspeechinourschool.一般现在时的被动形式，构成:is/are＋done5.Larrypersuadedherthattherobotwouldn'tharmherorallowhertobeharmed.不定式一般式的被动形式，构成:to＋be＋done语态表示主语与谓语之间的关系。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者

TheGreatWallisvisited

bymanypeopleeveryyear.ManypeoplevisittheGreatWalleveryyear.主动语态被动语态把主动句转换成被动句Weplantsometreeseveryyear.Sometreesareplantedbyuseveryyear.

ManypeoplespeakEnglish.

Englishisspokenbymanypeople.Everyonelikesthestory.Thestory

islikedbyeveryone.时态被动语态的构成例句一般现在时am/is/are+过去分词Theschoolwallsarepaintedeveryyear.一般过去时was

/were+过去分词Iwasinvitedtothetalkshowyesterday.一般将来时will/shall+be+过去分词Thematterwillbelookedintointhefuture.现在完成时have/has+been+过去分词Theshiphasbeenrepaired.现在进行时am/is/are+being+过去分词Twomenarebeingquestionedbythepolice.过去进行时was

/were+being+过去分词TheroadswerebeingbuiltwhenIpassedby.常见时态的被动语态句型肯定句：否定句：一般疑问句：

回答：特殊疑问句：Childrenlovethesesongs.Thesesongs

arelovedbychildren.Thesesongsarenotlovedbychildren.Arethesesongslovedbychildren.Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.What

arelovedbychildren?特殊疑问词+be+过去分词+(by…)?主语+benot+过去分词+(by…)Be+主语+过去分词+(by…)?主语+be+过去分词+(by…)

被动语态特殊情况当动词带有复合宾语(有宾补),并且宾补是省去“to”的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上“to”1)Theymakeusdo

allthework.被动句：Wearemade

todoalltheworkbythem.2)Weoftenhearhersing

songs.被动句：Sheisoftenheard

tosing

songsbyus.3)I

sawhimwalktoschool.被动句：Hewasseen

towalktoschoolbyme.

这些动词，主动句中to离开，被动句中to回来.(let，have，make，feel，see,watch,hear,notice…)主动表示被动的情况：

1、主语是物，谓语是表示主语特征或属性的不及物动词。常见的这类动词有write,read,wear,wash,clean,sell,run等。这些动词常与副词smoothly,easily,well,badly等连用。例如：Themachinerunswell.Thispenwritesquitesmoothly.Thiskindofbooksellswell.

2、表示主语状态特征的连系动词：look,feel,smell,taste,sound,prove,appear等。例如：—Doyoulikethematerial?—Yes,it________(feel)verysoft.

Yourideasoundsreasonable.Whathesaidprovedtobecorrect.3.不及物动词和某些短语。

takeplace,breakout,comeabout,belongto,runout等.(1)WorldwarⅡbrokeoutin1937.(2)Theshopopensat6ameveryday.4.在need,want,require,deserve等词后用动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，也可用不定式的被动形式。Thematterwantslookinginto.Thematterwantstobelookedinto.5.beworth后接动名词的主动式表示被动意义。但可用beworthytobedone或beworthyofbeingdone1.Hissuggestionisnotworthconsidering.2.Thefilmiswellworthseeing.3.Thefilmisworthytobeseen/ofbeingseen.6.不定式在difficult,easy,hard,safe,good,fit,light等形容词之后作状语，且和句子主语有逻辑上的动宾关系时，用主动式表被动义。

Thebookiseasytounderstand.

Themorningairisfreshtobreathe.

Thegirliseasytogetalongwith.7.不定式作后置定语，与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系，又和该句主语或宾语构成主谓关系，用主动式表被动义。

Shehassomethingtosay.

Iwillgivehimsomethingtodrink8.某些作表语用的不定式，强调出租，责备，解雇等，此类常用的动词有let,hire,blame等。AmItoblame?我该受罚吗?Thehouseistolet.这房屋出租。9.非谓语动词的被动情况。

Thehousetobebuilt

nextyearisourlab.Thehousebeingbuilt

nowisourlab.Thehouse

built

lastyearisourlab.“get+done”构成被动语态表示状态或情况：

getmarried结婚

getengaged订婚

gethurt/wounded受伤

getlost迷路

getdrunk喝醉了

getcaught/stuck/trapped被困

getdressed穿好衣服

getrunover被(车)轧1Whatisdonecannot_________.(undo)2Janet______________chairwomanofthestudentunionlastmonth.(elect)3Twohundredgrammesofflourshould___________tothecakemix.(add)4A3,000-seatvenue______________forthecircusperformanceinNovember.(build)Completethesentenceswithappropriateformsoftheverbsinbrackets.ThentrytotranslatethesesentencesintoChinese.beundonewaselectedbeaddedwillbebuilt5Workingefficiency______________________sincethisnewsoftwarewasadopted.(improve)6Onlyonepieceofcarry-onluggage____________foreacheconomyclasspassenger.(allow)7Itisagreathonourformeto____________toaddressthisinternationalAIconference.(invite)8WhenIenteredtheroom,Ifoundthatthesalesman'ssalary________________________atthemeeting.(discuss)9WithexamsbeingadaptedintoBraille,ablindseniorhighschoolstudentscored630pointsoutof650intheCollegeEntranceExanimation.Heisexpectedto______________toatopuniversity.(admit)hasbeenimprovedisallowedbeinvitedwasbeingdiscussedbeadmitted1.TheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina'slonghistory.It_________(build)originallytoprotectthecityduringtheTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored.(2021年全国甲卷)2.Thelittlehome____________(paint)white.Itwassweetandfresh.Marylovedit.(2021年6月浙江卷)wasbuiltwaspainted3．“Thisreallyexcitesscientists，”CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,“becauseitmeanswehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon____________(construct)．”(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)4．Theartistwassurehewould________(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor'schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)5．Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho_______________(trap)inthemountainsfortwodays.isconstructedbechosenhadbeentrappedReadtheintroductiontoasciencefictionnovelandcompletethepassageusingthecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.exploretranslatediscoverregardrepresentsetuprecruitwritegetcaughtupconnectSciencefiction_____________bymanypeopleasamirrorthroughwhichourfuturecanbefreelyimaginedand____________________.TheThree-BodyProblem,_________byChinesewriterLiuCixin,isoneofthoseastonishingpredictionsaboutthefuture.isregardedexplored/representedwrittenTheworkwasfirstpublishedinaChinesesci-fimagazinein2006andprintedasathree-volumebookin2008.Whenthefirstvolume_________________intoEnglishbyChinese-AmericanauthorKenLiu,itattractedattentionaroundtheworld,becomingthefirstAsianwinneroftheHugoAwardforBestNovel.Thebook___________________manythemessuchasspaceexploration,aliencontact,AI,andthefutureofhumans.wastranslatedrepresentsTheThree-