成人学位英语阅读理解专项练习题含详细解析 (五)

学位英语阅读理解专项提升练习合集

一、阅读理解

Passageone

Thehistoryoftheflyingcarisalmostasoldasthatofpoweredflightitself.Itstartedwith

theCurtissAutoplaneof1917,anawkward-lookingmachinewithremovablewings.Itnever

lefttheground.Latermachinesmadeitintotheskiesbutfailedtotakeoffcommercially.

Moneyisnowpouringintoflyingtaxis.OnMarch30thLilium,aGermancompanythat

developsthem,announcedamergerwithSPAC,anacquisitioncompanythatvaluesitat$3.3

bn—asignthatinvestorsthinkthebusinesswillfly.

Thankstobetterbatteriesandlightweightmaterials,someofthemarereadytocarrypassengers.

Upto300firmsareworkingonshort-rangebattery-poweredcraftthattakeoffandland

vertically.Carmakers,techcompaniesandothersareinvestingmoneyintothefield.The

governmentisofferingaglidepathtocertification.America'sFederalAviationAdministration

isengagedintheprocesswitharound30firms,saysNatashaSanthaofLEK,aconsulting

company.

Midwaybetweenacabandahelicopter,flyingtaxishavedistinctadvantagesoverboth.Quiet

electricmotorsallowthemtooperatefrequentservices.Theyrequireonlyapatchofconcreteto

land,unlikenoisyhelicopters,whichfacesevereoperatingrestrictionsinmostcities.Theycan

flyfourorfivetimesfasterthanacabcandriveanddonotgetstuckintraffic.Pricescanbe

keptlowbyride-sharing.Joby,basedinCalifornia,saysitsfive-seatermachinewillenter

commercialservicein2024.Thefirmcalculatestheinitialcostofaround$4perpersonper

milemaysoonfallby25%.AtripfromManhattantoJFKairportwouldthencost$30-40per

passenger.

Therealrevolutionwillcomewhenfullautonomytakesoutthecostofapilot.Archerhopesto

runsuchaircraftby2028.Theyfacefewerobstaclesintheairthanearth-boundcarsdoonthe

road;airlinersmostlyflyonautopilotasitis.Still,asoneindustryinsiderputsit,itisprobably

besttoaccustompassengersandregulatorstoairbornetaxisbeforegettingridofthedriver.

1.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?

A.Theflyingcarcandatebacktothe1920s.

B.Investorsseethepotentialofthebusinessoftheflyingcar.

C.Theflyingcarneverleftthegroundsuccessfullyinhistory.

D.AGermancompanyhaslaunchedanewflyingcarintothemarket.

答案：B

2.Whatdoes"offeringaglidepath"inParagraph2probablyreferto?

A.Givingthegreenlight.B.Providingtimelyassistance.

C.Presentinglegalguidance.D.Conductingstrictmanagement.

答案：A

3.Whichofthefollowingisthestrengthofflyingtaxis?

A.Costingaslittleascabs.B.Savingpassengersfromthetrafficjam.

C.Reducingairpollution.D.Havingnooperatingrestrictions.

答案：B

4.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheflyingtaxisfromthelastparagraph?

A.Theywilldevelopfasterthancars.

B.Passengerswillquicklygetusedtotakingthem.

C.Theregulatorswilltakemeasurestopromotethem.

D.Autopilotflyingtaxiswillprobablyreplacethosewithpilots.

答案：D

【答案解析】

本文为说明文。文章主要介绍飞行出租车。文章先介绍了飞行车的历史，然后介绍其现

状、优势和未来。

【详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句话“OnMarch30thLilium,aGermancompanythat

developsthem,announcedamergerwithSPAC,anacquisitioncompanythatvaluesitat$3.3

bn一asignthatinvestorsthinkthebusinesswillfly.”（3月30日，德国飞行汽车制造商

Lilium公司宣布，将通过与SPAC（一家收购公司）合并的方式上市。合并后的Lilium

估值为33亿美元——看来投资者认为城市空中出行业务将会腾飞）可知，投资者们看到

了飞行出租车的潜力。故选B。

【详解】

词句猜测题。根据第二段最后一句"America'sFederalAviationAdministrationisengagedin

theprocesswitharound30finns,saysNatashaSanthaofLEK,aconsultingcompany.,,（艾意

凯咨询公司（LEK）的娜塔莎•珊莎女士表示，美国联邦航空管理局正与约30家公司对接办

理相关手续。）可知，政府也对飞行出租车的资质提供便利条件，即：大开绿灯的意

思。故选A。

【详解】

细节理解题。由文章第三段第四句"Theycanflyfourorfivetimesfasterthanacabcandrive

anddonotgetstuckintraffic.^^（空中出租车的运行速度是普通出租车的四到五倍，而且没

有堵车的困扰。）可知，飞行出租车的优点是不会堵车。故选B。

【详解】

推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Therealrevolutionwillcomewhenfullautonomytakesout

thecostofapilot.Archerhopestorunsuchaircraftby2028.”（只有实现完全自动驾驶，并

由此砍掉驾驶员的人力成本，城市空中出行才会迎来真正的变革。阿彻航空公司希望能

在2028年实现完全的无人驾驶运营）可知，自动驾驶仪操作的飞行出租车很可能会取代

有驾驶员的车。故选D。

Passagetwo

Plasticistheworkhorsematerialofthemoderneconomy.Lightanddurable,it'sbeenusedto

makeavastnumberofproductssinceitsintroductionover100yearsago.

However,astudycarriedoutbytheWorldEconomicForum,theEllenMacArthur

Foundation（基金会）andMcKinsey&Companyshowedthebreakdownofthestatusofthe

globalplasticsystem.Afull32%ofthe78milliontonsofplasticpackagingproducedannually

islefttoflowintooutoceans.

TheOceanCleanup,astartupfoundedin2013,isthebrainchildofBoyanSlat,whocameup

withtheideaforthecompanywhenhewasjust17yearsold.Sincethen,ithasreceivedmore

than$2millioninfunding（基金）.Thecompanyplanstousealargedevicethatwillbefixedto

thebottomofthePacificOcean.Thiswillhavearmsthatspreadoutover100km,gettingallof

theplasticgarbagepushedintoitsnets.Thisisthencollectedbya10,000metrecubecontainer

thatwillbeemptiedmonthly.

Mostrecently,theOceanCleanuplaunchedateamofexplorersaboardaspeciallyrefittedCl30

Herculesaircraftheavilyloadedwithspecializedsensorequipment.Itdiscoveredthatthe

problemwasworsethanexpectedwithanabundanceofplasticsmeasuringupto1.5macross

andatahigherdensitythanpreviouslythought.Theorganizationwillcontinuetopilotthe

deviceandwillstartremovingthepilebeforetheendofthedecade.

Oncetheplasticisout,whatshouldwedowithit?Thefoundationhopesthattheplasticfrom

theoceanwillhaveacommercialvaluewhichcanhelptofundtheproject.Oceanplasticisnot

easytouse,forit'smixedwitheverythingfromintactPETbottlestomicroplastics.However,

someoftheworld'sbiggestcompaniesalsoseethechancetomarketproductsmadeofocean

plastic.

Transformingtoday'splasticeconomyfromitspresentform(takemakewaste)toazerowaste

circulareconomy(takemaketakemake)isadifficultchallenge.However,withcooperative

actionfromproducers,recyclers,governmentsandconsumersalikeandcontinuinginnovation,

itcanbedone.

1.WhafsBoyanSlafsideaabout?

A.Awaytocollectoceanplasticwaste.B.Anewproductmadeofoceanplastic.

C.Amachinetorecycleplasticgarbage.D.Anorganizationtoresearchintoplastic.

答案：A

2.AccordingtotheWorldEconomicForum,howmuchplasticpackagingisthrownintoour

ocean?

A.About35tons.B.About25tons.C.About45tons.D.About55tons.

答案：B

3.Whatdosomebiggestcompaniesexpectoftheoceanplastic?

A.Ifllsponsorthefoundation.B.Ifllberecycledbythegovernment.

C.It51!beturnedintotreasure.D.It511taketheformoftakemakewaste.

答案：C

4.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?

A.Adiary.B.Aguidebook.C.Anovel.D.Amagazine.

答案：D

【答案解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是现代塑料经济对海洋造成的危害，以及现在的治理方

案。

【详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段的“Thecompanyplanstousealargearraythatwillbefixedtothe

bottomofthePacificOcean.Thiswillhavearmsthatspreadoutover100km,gettingallofthe

plasticgarbagepushedintoitsnets.（该公司计划用一个固定在太平洋底部的很大的列阵。

这些列阵有可以伸长到100千米的手臂，能把所有的塑料垃圾都推到网里面）”可知，

BoyanSlat的想法是关于如何收集海洋里面的塑料垃圾，即找到一种收集海洋塑料垃圾

的方法。故选A项。

【详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“Afull32%ofthe78milliontonsofplasticpackagingproduced

annuallyislefttoflowintooutoceans.（每年生产的7800万吨塑料包装中有整整32%流入

海洋。）”可计算,78million*32%=24.96million（大约25million）,即每年有大约2500万

吨塑料包装被流入我们的海洋。故选B项。

【详解】

细节理解题。根据第五段“Thefbundation（基金会）hopesthattheplasticfromtheoceanwill

haveacommercialvaluewhichcanhelptofundtheproject.（基金会希望来自海洋的塑料垃圾

会有一个商业价值，它可以资助该项目）”中的value和“However,someoftheworld's

biggestcompaniesalsoseethechancetomarketoceansplasticproducts.（然而一些世界级的大

公司也看到了这个出售海洋塑料垃圾的机会）“可知，一些世界级的大公司期待海洋塑料

垃圾，是因为它有商业价值，即变废为宝（turnedintotreasure）。故选C项。

【详解】

推理判断题。本篇文章讲述的是现代塑料经济对海洋造成的危害，以及现在的治理方

案。由此推测，本文很有可能出现在和环保相关的杂志上。其他选项不符合题意。故选

D项。

Passagethree

Mostnaturalexperimentsinschooldisruptioncomeafterisolatednaturaldisasters.The

covid-19pandemicisleadingtoasimultaneousglobalexperiment,however.InAmerica,where

schoolshavebeensignificantlydisruptedforthebetterpartofayear,thefirstbatchesof

reliabledataarebeinggatheredtoassesshowbadthedamagehasactuallybeen.Sorting

throughthemshowsthatsadly,Americahasnotdefiedthegloomypredictions.

ArecentanalysisofstandardisedtestscarriedoutbyMcKinsey,aconsultingfirm,foundthat

pupilsexaminedintheautumnhadlearned33%lessmathsand13%lessreadingthanexpected.

Forschoolsthataremajoritynon-white,thelearninglossesweremuchsteeper:pupilstherehad

learned41%lessmathsand23%lessreading.

InWashington,DC,73%ofwhitechildreninkindergartenand45%ofblackchildrentypically

showadequatereadingprogress.Whenexaminedthisyear,whitechildrenshowedamodest

dropinadequateliteracyto67%,whileblackchildrenexperiencedamuchlargerone—to31%.

Thegapsarealsoshowingupincoursework,notjustexams.

TeachersinLosAngelesarereportingastarkincreaseinthenumberoffailinggrades-withthe

greatestincreaseinpoorneighbourhoods.ResearchersfromBrownandHarvarduniversities

examiningdatafromZearn,anonlinemaths-teachingplatform,foundthatpupilsfromhigh-

incomefamiliesareactuallyperforming12%betterintheircourseworkthaninJanuary2020.

Butforstudentsfromlow-incomefamilies,scoresfellby17%.

Theresultssuggestthatthefearsofworseningachievementgapsatthestartofthepandemic

werejustified.Thereareenormousracialgapsinthekindsofinstructionbeingreceived:70%

ofblackandHispanicchildrenarereceivingfullyremoteeducation,comparedwith50%of

whitepupils.Parentswiththemeanstodosoappeartobepullingtheirchildrenoutofpublic

educationaltogether.

1.Howdidpeopleestimatethedamage?

A.Bydoingexperiments.B.Byanalyzingthegathereddata.

C.Bysortingthroughthestudents.D.Bymakingpredictions.

答案：B

2.Whatconclusioncanwegetfromthesurveyresults?

A.Whitestudentslearned33%lessreadingthanpredicted.

B.Non-whitestudentslearnedbetterthanwhitestudents.

C.Thereadingabilityofblackchildrendroppedmoreobviously.

D.Thefallingrangewasonlyrevealedinexaminations.

答案：C

3.WhatwasthemainfactorthatinfluencedtheachievementofstudentsaccordingtoPara4?

A.RacedifferenceB.Familyincome

C.LearningabilityD.Qualityofassignment

答案：B

4.Whafsthebesttitleofthispassage?

A.ShuttingschoolshashitpoorAmericanchildren'slearning

B.Americanparentsintendtopulltheirchildrenoutofpubliceducation.

C.Thepandemicledtoaglobaleducationexperiment.

D.Americansarepessimisticaboutthegloomyresults.

答案：A

【答案解析】

这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了这次疫情对学生成绩的影响，同时导致了一场全球的教

育实验。

【详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段“InAmerica,whereschoolshavebeensignificantlydisruptedfor

thebetterpartofayear,thefirstbatchesofreliabledataarebeinggatheredtoassesshowbad

thedamagehasactuallybeen."（在美国，学校在一年中大部分时间里都受到了严重的破

坏，目前正在收集第一批可靠的数据，以评估实际的破坏程度）可知，人们是通过分析

收集来的数据估计损失的。故选B。

细节理解题。根据第三段中“Whenexaminedthisyear,whitechildrenshowedamodestdrop

inadequateliteracyto67%,whileblackchildrenexperiencedamuchlargerone—to31%.”

（在今年的调查中，白人儿童识字率小幅下降到67%,而黑人儿童识字率则大幅下降到

31%）由此可知，黑人儿童的阅读能力下降更为明显。故选C。

推理判断题。根据第四段“ResearchersfromBrownandHarvarduniversitiesexaminingdata

fromZearn,anonlinemaths-teachingplatform,foundthatpupilsfromhigh-incomefamilies

areactuallyperforming12%betterintheircourseworkthaninJanuary2020.”（布朗大学和哈

佛大学的研究人员对在线数学教学平台Zearn的数据进行了分析，发现来自高收入家庭

的学生的功课成绩实际上比2020年1月提高了12%）可知，家庭收入是影响学业的主

要因素。故选B。

主旨大意题。根据第一段"Thecovid-19pandemicisleadingtoasimultaneousglobal

experiment,however.InAmerica,whereschoolshavebeensignificantlydisruptedforthebetter

partofayear,thefirstbatchesofreliabledataarebeinggatheredtoassesshowbadthedamage

hasactuallybeen."（然而，covid-19大流行正在导致全球同步试验。在美国，学校在一

年中大部分时间里都受到了严重的破坏，目前正在收集第一批可靠的数据，以评估实际

的破坏程度）结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了关闭学校对所有孩子都不是一件好

事，但对贫穷和弱势的学生来说尤为如此。美国关闭学校，贫困地区儿童受到更大影

响。“关闭学校打击了美国贫困儿童的学习”最适合作文章标题。故选A。

Passagefour

Ifyouthinkmemoryproblemsarethepreserveoftheelderly,forgetit.Youngpeople

frequentlystruggletorememberthingstoo.ABritishstudyshowsthatthememorylapses（记忆

差错）wereascommonamongthoseintheirtwentiesasinthe50-somethings.

Dr.MeWhirter,aneuropsychiatristattheUniversityofEdinburgh,questioned124healthy

adultsagedbetween18and59onhowgoodtheythoughttheirmemorywasandhowoftenthey

experiencedmemorylapses.Only13percentratedtheirmemoryasexcellent.Halfof

respondentssaidtheyforgotwhytheyhadenteredaroomatleastonceaweekand40percent

misplacedtheirmobilephoneatleastweekly.Some48percentforgottobuyitemsontheir

shoppinglistatleastonceaweekand18percenthadhadamentalblankovertheirPIN,

Theresearchersaidweshouldnotworryaboutmemorylapsessomuchwhenweareolder

becausewealsohavethemwhenweareyounger-inotherwords,memoryproblemsarenot

alwaysthefirstsignofdementia（痴呆）.

Dr.MeWhirtersaid:"Alotofpeoplewillthinkthatifyouarestartingtoforgetthing,itis

somethingtoworryabout,butitisnormal.Itisjustafunctionofhowthebrainworks.Youcan

onlyremembersomethingifyouproperlyattendtoit.Ifyouaredoinglotsofdifferentthings

andnotconcentratingwhenyougetinandjustputyourkeysdownsomewhere,youmaywell

forgetwhereyouhaveputthem."

Dr.MeWhirteraddedthatalthoughsomeoneintheearlystagesofdementiawouldhave

memorylapses,theywouldlendIobeunawareofthem.Incontrast,ahealthypersonwouldbe

abletorememberthattheyhadforgottentheirkeyslastweek.Othersignsofconcerninclude

becominglost,askingthesamethingrepeatedlyandhavingdifficultywithcookingand

multitasking.

1.HowdidDr.MeWhirterconducthisstudy?

A.Bygivingexamples.

B.Bymakingcomparisons.

C.Byinterviewingsubjects.

D.Byconstructingadatamodel.

答案：C

2.WhichofthestatementsmightDr.MeWhirteragreewith?

A.Memorylapsesaresignsofdementia.

B.Theolderyouare,themoreforgetfulyouwillbe.

C.Multitaskingisthemajorreasonformemoryproblems.

D.Anyonemayexperienceforgetfulnessregardlessofage.

答案：D

3.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthistext?

A.Topresentastudyresult.B.Togivesomemedicaladvice.

C.Tomakeaprediction.D.Tosendwarnings.

答案：A

4.Whatwilllikelybediscussedinthefollowingparagraph?

A.Theoriginofmemorylapses.

B.Waystotakecareofseniorcitizens.

C.Adviceonhowtoimprovecookingskills.

D.Thetypicalbehaviorofdementiapatients.

答案：D

【答案解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一项研究表明，不论年龄大小，任何人都可能经历记忆

衰退，记忆力问题并不总是痴呆症的第一个征兆。

【详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“Dr.MeWhirter,aneuropsychiatristattheUniversityofEdinburgh,

questioned124healthyadultsagedbetween18and59onhowgoodtheythoughttheirmemory

wasandhowoftentheyexperiencedmemorylapses.（爱丁堡大学的神经精神病学家

MeWhirter博士对124名年龄在18岁至59岁之间的健康成年人进行了调查，询问他们

认为自己的记忆力有多好以及经历记忆衰退的频率。）”可知，MeWhirter博士是通过采

访和询问受访者的方式进行研究的。故选B项。

【详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段“Theresearchersaidweshouldnotworryaboutmemorylapsesso

muchwhenweareolderbecausewealsohavethemwhenweareyounger-inotherwords,

memoryproblemsarenotalwaysthefirstsignofdementia（痴呆）.（研究人员说，我们不应

该太担心年纪大了记忆力衰退，因为我们年轻的时候也有记忆力衰退——换句话说，记

忆力问题并不总是痴呆症的第一个征兆。）”可知，研究者认为不只是老年人，年轻人也

可能经历记忆力衰退的问题。所以D选项“Anyonemayexperienceforgetfulnessregardless

ofage.（不论年龄大小，任何人都可能经历健忘。）”是MeWhirter博士可能会同意的观

点。故选D项。

【详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段“Ifyouthinkmemoryproblemsarethepreserveoftheelderly,

forgetit.Youngpeoplefrequentlystruggletorememberthingstoo.ABritishstudyshowsthat

thememorylapses（记忆差错）wereascommonamongthoseintheirtwentiesasinthe50-

somethings.（如果你认为记忆问题是老年人的问题，那就别想了。年轻人也经常很难记

住事情。英国的一项研究显示，记忆力衰退在20多岁和50多岁的人群中都很常见。）”

和全文内容可知，文章主要介绍一项研究表明，不论年龄大小，任何人都可能经历记忆

衰退，记忆力问题并不总是痴呆症的第一个征兆。所以可以推断，作者写这篇文章的目

的是为了提出这一研究结果。故选A项。

【详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段“Dr.MeWhirteraddedthatalthoughsomeoneintheearlystages

ofdementiawouldhavememorylapses,theywouldlendlobeunawareofthem.Incontrast,a

healthypersonwouldbeabletorememberthattheyhadforgottentheirkeyslastweek.Other

signsofconcernincludebecominglost,askingthesamethingrepeatedlyandhavingdifficulty

withcookingandmultitasking.（MeWhirter博士补充说，尽管处于早期痴呆阶段的人也会

出现记忆衰退，但他们会意识不到这一点。相反，一个健康的人能够记得上周忘记带钥

匙。其他表现出担忧的症状包括迷路、反复问同样的问题、做饭和一心多用有困难。）”

可知，最后一段主要讲述痴呆症的一些早期症状，所以可以推断接下来作者可能会继续

讲到痴呆症患者的一些典型症状。故选D项。

Passagefive

Buttercoffee,alsosometimesreferredtoasbulletproofcoffee,isalmostexactlywhatit

soundslike.Takeacupofblackcoffeeanddropabitofbutterintoit.Thoughthenamedoesn't

indicatethis,youalsoneedtoaddalittlecoconutoil.Uponhearingaboutbuttercoffee,people

generallyallintooneoftwocamps.Eitheryouaredisgustedatthenotionanddeterminenever

totryitoryouaremorelaid-backandthink"Sure,whynot?"

Ifyouarestillpuzzledaboutwhythisdrinkexists,here'sabitofbackstory.In2009,Dave

Asprey,abusinessman,launchedandtrademarkedBulletproofcoffee.Hegottheideaduring

histravelsinTibet,whereyakbutter（酥油）teaiscommon.Hemarketedandsoldtheconcept

asalow-carbon,high-fatbreakfastalternativethatwouldhelppeopleloseweightandbe

energized.

DespiteallofAsprey'sclaims,therearenotmanybenefitstobuttercoffee,especiallyifanyone

skipsmealsandreplacesthemwiththedrink.Whilecuttingoutcarbohydrates（碳水化合物）

maybegoodforpeoplewithtype2diabetes,alow-carbondietisusuallyonlyrecommendedfor

ashortperiodoftime.Andthoughthefatfromthebuttermaykeepyoufeelingfullforawhile,

thereareanumberofdownsidestoaddingacoupleoftablespoonstoyourmorningcoffee.

Doctorspointoutthattheamountoffatinbuttercoffeeishigherthanmostrecommendeddaily

amounts.Additionally,abreakfastofbutterandcoffeedoesnotcontainnutrientsthatare

essentialtoahealthydiet.

1.Whatdoestheauthormeanby"twocamps"inthefirstparagraph?

A.ThecampsiteswhereAspreytriedyakbuttertea.

B.Theareaswhereonecanbuyfreshbuttercoffee.

C.Thetwoversionsofbuttercoffeethatarepopular.

D.Theopposingviewspeoplehaveaboutbuttercoffee.

答案：D

2.AspreygottheinspirationforBulletproofcoffeewhenhewas.

A.vacationinginTibet

B.sufferingfromdiabetes

C.startinghisbusiness

D.sellingcoffeebeansoverseas

答案：A

3.Whichofthefollowingismentionedasasupposedbenefitofbuttercoffee?

A.Itwillhelpcurediabetes.

B.Itservesasamealreplacement.

C.Itmaymakepeoplefeelenergetic.

D.Itisgoodforthosewhoneedtoputonweight.

答案：C

4.Whatdodoctorsthinkofbuttercoffee?

A.Thedrinkofferssufficientnutrients.

B.Itisrecommendedaspartofbreakfast.

C.Thedrinkisnotfullyhealthyforpeople.

D.Itshouldbeavoidedbecauseofdeadlychemicals.

答案：C

【答案解析】

本文是一篇说明文。黄油咖啡，有时也被称为防弹咖啡。文章介绍了黄油咖啡的由来及

人们对它的不同看法。

【详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Uponhearingaboutbuttercoffee,peoplegenerallyallinto

oneoftwocamps.Eitheryouaredisgustedatthenotionanddeterminenevertotryitoryouare

morelaid-backandthink"Sure,whynot?"（一听说黄油咖啡，人们通常会分成两个阵营。

要么你讨厌这个想法，决定永远不去尝试，要么你更悠闲，想“当然，为什么不呢？

可知，在第一段中提至I」的“两个阵营”是指人们对黄油咖啡的相反观点。故选D。

【详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In2009,DaveAsprey,abusinessman,launchedand

trademarkedBulletproofcoffee.HegottheideaduringhistravelsinTibet,whereyakbutter

（酥油）teaiscommon.（2009年，商人DaveAsprey推出了防弹咖啡，并注册了商标。他在

西藏旅行时产生了这个想法，那里耗牛酥油茶很常见）”可知，Asprey在去西藏度假时获

得了防弹咖啡的灵感。故选A。

【详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Hemarketedandsoldtheconceptasalow-carbon,high-fat

breakfastalternativethatwouldhelppeopleloseweightandbeenergized.（他把这种低碳、高

脂肪的早餐作为一种可以帮助人们减肥和获得能量的替代品来推销）“可知，黄油咖啡的

好处之一是它可以使人感到精力充沛。故选C。

【详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段"Doctorspointoutthattheamountoffatinbuttercoffeeishigher

thanmostrecommendeddailyamounts.Additionally,abreakfastofbutterandcoffeedoesnot

containnutrientsthatareessentialtoahealthydiet.（医生指出，黄油咖啡中的脂肪含量高于

大多数推荐的每日摄入量。此外，一份黄油和咖啡的早餐并不包含健康饮食所必需的营

养物质）”可知，医生们认为黄油咖啡对人们并不完全健康。故选C。

Passagesix

GrandpamovedinwithusafterGrandmapassedaway.HecametoCanadafromChina,where

hewasawell-respectedschoolheadmaster.

I,anine-year-oldboy,neverspokemuchChinese.Grandpadidn'tspeakmuchEnglish,butwe

stillconnectedinourownway.

OnewaywedevelopedourrelationshipwasoveragameofMonopoly.Hedidn'treally

understandtherulesormuchofwhatmylittlebrotherandIsaid;Idon'tthinkitmattered.He

laughedwhenhelandedonourhotels.Orwhenhepulledacardthatread:"GOTOJAIL."He

gotakickoutofouramusement.

IthinkofGrandpawhenIplaythetradingcardgameYu-Gi-Oh!withmysons.Ican'tkeep

trackofallthespellsandeffectsinvolvedinthisgame.

Truthfully,Idon'tcareifIwinorlosethesegames.Whatmattersisspendingtimewithmy

childrenandmakinganefforttounderstandtheirinterests.

Ioftenthinkaboutmykids.Athowexcitedlytheyexplainrulesandhowtheygoeasyontheir

oldman.Iimagineit'slikehowGrandpafeltplayingMonopolywithus.

Grandpawentforregularwalks.Healsospenthisdayssittingonthecouch,staringoutthe

windowandsingingquietly.Ioftenthoughthewasbored.ButasIage,Ifindpeaceintaking

momentstostareoutawindow.MaybeIgotthatfromhim.

WhatIlearnedfrommygrandfatherwastoenjoysimplepleasuresinlife.Toseethebeautyin

thecolorsoftherainbow.Toseeasingleleaffallfromatree.ToplayYu-Gi-Oh!withmysons.

1.Whathappenedtothewriterandhisgrandfatherduringtheirgame?

A.Hisgrandfatherseldomhadfunwhileplaying.B.Hegrewimpatientwithhisgrandfather.

C.Theylearnedtospeakeachother'slanguage.D.Theygrewcloserbyplayingthegame.

答案：D

2.Whatisthewriterthinkingwhenhestaresoutawindow?

A.Howwonderfulitistofeelpeaceatheart.B.Howdifficultitistobeagoodparent.

C.Howmuchhemisseshisgrandfather.D.Howboredhisgrandfatherwasatthattime.

答案：A

3.Whatisthewriter'smainpurposeinwritingthisstory?

A.Totellreadershisgrandfather'slifestory.

B.Toencouragereaderstospendmoretimewithfamily.

C.Tosharehowhisgrandfatherinfluencedhim.

D.Toencourageolderpeopletolearnaboutkids'games.

答案：C

【答案解析】

这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过和祖父玩游戏，关系变得更加亲密，作者从

祖父那里学会了享受生活中简单的快乐。

【详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段中“Helaughedwhenhelandedonourhotels.Orwhenhepulleda

cardthatread:"GOTOJAIL."Hegotakickoutofouramusement.（当他降落在我们的酒店

时，他笑了。或者当他拿出一张写着“去坐牢''的卡片时。他从我们的娱乐中得到了乐

趣）”可推知，作家和他的祖父通过玩游戏变得更亲密了。故选D。

【详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“ButasIage,Ifindpeaceintakingmomentstostareouta

window.（但随着年龄的增长，我发现花点时间凝视窗外是一种平静）”可知，当作家盯着

窗外看时，他在想能感到内心的平静是多么美妙啊。故选A。

【详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段"WhatIlearnedfrommygrandfatherwastoenjoysimple

pleasuresinlife.Toseethebeautyinthecolorsoftherainbow.Toseeasingleleaffallfroma

tree.ToplayYu-Gi-Oh!withmysons.（我从祖父那里学到的是享受生活中简单的快乐。去

欣赏彩虹五彩缤纷的美。看到一片树叶从树上飘落。去和我的儿子玩丫上61011!）”可推

知，作者写这个故事的主要目的是分享他的祖父对他的影响。故选C。

Passageseven

Sharksmaybeabletosmellbloodfrommilesaway,buttheyprobablydon'tknowhowredit

is.Itislikelythattheyonlyseetheworldinblackandwhiteaccordingtoastudythatis

thefirsttoinvestigatesharks'visualsystem.

AteamattheUniversityofWesternAustraliastudiedthevisualsystemsofmanydifferent

speciesofsharksandwhattheyhavefoundisdiversityineyedesignthatmirrorstheecological

andbehavioraldiversityofthesharkspecies.Theteamlookedattheretinalcellsof17species

ofsharkscaughtoffQueenslandandWesternAustraliaandfoundoutthatthecellsare

responsibleforsharks'colorblindness.

Accordingtothestudy,theseanimalsarecolor-blindduetothelightreceptorstheyhavegotin

theireyes.Therearetwomaintypesoflight-sensitivecellstoallowanimalstosee:rodcells

helpmeasurebrightnessbecausetheyarehighlysensitivetolightandallownightvisionbut

cannottellcolorsapart,whilevarioustypesofconecellshelpdistinguishcolors.Theypeeked

atthestructureofsharks5rodandconecellsintheretina.Humaneyescomewithred,greenand

blueconevariations,whilesharksappeartohavejustonekindofconecells.

Thestudysuggeststhatcontrastagainstthebackground,ratherthancoloritself,mightbemore

importantforobjectdetectionbysharks.Costumesthatcamouflageswimmers5bodiesinsea

waterarelesslikelytodrawashark'sattentionthanoneswithbright,solidcolorsthat

emphasizetheiroutline."It'sthehighcontrastagainstthewaterratherthanthecoloritself

whichisprobablyattractivetosharks,“saidProfessorNathanHartwholedthestudy.

1.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Theimportanceoftheresearch.

B.Thefeaturesofsharks5retinalcells.

C.Theprocessandtheresultofthestudy.

D.Thefunctionsofsharks'visualsystems.

答案：C

2.Whatcausessharks5blindnesstocoloraccordingtothestudy?

A.Theirfragilerodcells.B.Theirlackofvariousconecells.

C.Theirdarklivingenvironment.D.Theirweaksensitivitytolight.

答案：B

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“camouflage“inthelastparagraphprobablymean?

A.hideB.fitC.beautifyD.protect

答案：A

4.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Toclearupawrongbelief.B.Toraisefundsforaprogram.

C.Toshowauniquephenomenon.D.Topresentascientificdiscovery.

答案：D

【答案解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项有关鲨鱼可能是色盲的研究，分析了鲨鱼色盲的

原因及游泳者如何避免鲨鱼的注意。

【详解】

主旨大意题。根据本段内容“AteamattheUniversityofWesternAustraliastudiedthevisual

systemsofmanydifferentspeciesofsharksandwhattheyhavefoundisdiversityineyedesign

thatmirrorstheecologicalandbehavioraldiversityofthesharkspecies.Theteamlookedatthe

retinalcellsof17speciesofsharkscaughtoffQueenslandandWesternAustraliaandfoundout

th