报关与国际货运专业英语Module Five 第五单元

Unit5InsuranceDocuments<0}Ⅰ.ProceduresofMarineInsuranceIntermsofthemarineinsuranceinimports&exportsbusiness,asanotificationandstatement,alltheinsurersshallfillinspecificimports&exportsfreightinsuranceapplication;andtheassurershalldecidewhethertoaccepttheapplicationornotaccordingtothecontentoftheapplication.Iftheassureracceptstheapplication,namelytheinsuranceliabilityandpremiumrate,anInsurancePolicyshallbeissuedbytheassurer.ThepremiumshallbecalculatedincomplywiththePolicy.ProceduresofMarineInsurance：step1.ChooseinsurancecompanyStep2.ChooserisksStep3.DetermineinsuredamountStep4.Fillininsuranceapplication<0}Step5.PaypremiumStep6.MakeoutInsurancePolicy一、海上保险操作过程在进出口业务中，投保海运保险时，投保人均需填写进出口货运投保单，作为其对保险标的及其他相关事实的告知和陈述，保险人则根据投保单所填写的内容决定是否接受保险。保险人如果接受保险，即以投保单为依据，出立保险单，确定其所承担的保险责任，并由此确定保险费率，计算投保人应交纳的保险费。海上保险操作过程：第一步选择保险公司第二步选择投保险别第三步确定保险金额第四步填写投保单第五步支付保险费第六步缮制保险单Ⅱ.InsuranceApplicationIntermsoftheinsuranceagainstexportrisks,inordertosimplifytheprocedure,theinsurercanreplacetheinsuranceapplicationwiththeduplicateinvoice,onwhichtheitemsasfollowsshallbelisted：risks,insuredamount,meansoftransport,sailingdate,siteofindemnityclaim,numberofinsuranceslipcopy,otherrequirement,etc.二、投保单在出口投保时，有时为简化手续，投保人不单独填写投保单，而以现成的公司发票副本代替投保单，并将下列内容在发票上逐一列明：承保险别、投保金额、运输工具、开航日期、赔款地点、保单份数、投保日期、其他要求等。Ⅲ.InsurancePolicyIftheinsuranceapplicationisconsideredacceptable,insurancecompanyshallmakeoutanInsurancePolicy,asthewrittendocumentforestablishmentofinsurancecontract.TheapplicantshallcheckthePolicyreferringtotheL/C,tradecontractandinvoice,etc.,soastoensuretheconformity.TheInsurancePolicyshallbeinseveralcopies,oneheldbyinsurancecompany,othersbyapplicants,asthenegotiationdocumentandthebasisforclaims.CommonPoliciesareasfollow：1.InsurancePolicyInsurancePolicy,withtheinsuranceclausesprintedonthebackface,istheofficialinsurancecontract,andanindependentinsurancedocument.Intheeventofdamage,theassurerandtheinsurershallconductindemnityclaimsincomplywiththeclausesandrisks.IfInsurancePolicyorinsurancedocumentisrequiredforL/C,banksshallacceptPoliciesaswell.Currently,alldomesticinsurancecompaniesissueInsurancePolicyastheinsurancedocumentforimports&exportstrade.2.InsuranceCertificateInsuranceCertificateisasimpleinsurancedocument,whileenjoyingthesameeffectasInsurancePolicy.Noinsuranceclausesshallbeprintedontheback,exceptfortheresponsibilityboundary.Otherissues,suchastherightsandinterestsofParties,theinsuranceresponsibilityextent,shallconformtotheinsuranceclausesofinsurancecompanies.Hence,ifanINSURANCEPOLICYisrequiredclearlybyL/C,bankscouldnotacceptInsuranceCertificate.Inaddition,otherdocumentsareasfollows：CombinedInsuranceCertificate,OpenPolicy,andEndorsement.三、保险单保险公司接受投保人的投保申请后，认为可以接受的，便根据投保单的内容缮制保险单，作为保险合同成立的书面凭证。投保人则需参照信用证、贸易合同及发票等单据对保险单进行审核，以保证单证一致、单单一致，并和合同的规定相符。保险单一式若干份，保险公司留存一份，其余交给投保人，作为其议付的单据之一，同时保险单也是被保险人向保险人索赔的依据。常见的保险单据有以下几种：1.保险单（InsurancePolicy）保险单俗称“大保单”，是一种正式的保险合同。该保险单背面印有保险条款，它是一种独立的保险凭证，一旦货物受到损失，承保人和被保险人都要按照保险条款和投保险别来分清货损，处理索赔。当L/C要求提交保险单或保险凭证时，银行可接受保险单。目前，国内保险公司均出具保险单作为出口贸易的保险凭证。2.保险凭证（InsuranceCertificate）

保险凭证俗称“小保单”，是一种简单的保险凭证，具有与大保单同等的效力。但它在背面不印刷保险条款，只印刷承保责任界限，其余事项如保险当事人的权利、义务及相关保险责任范围的约定以保险公司的保险条款为准，缺乏完整的独立性。因此当L/C明确要求INSURANCEPOLICY时，银行不能接受保险凭证。此外，还有联合保险凭证（CombinedInsuranceCertificate）、预约保险单（OpenPolicy）、保险批单（Endorsement）。Ⅳ.InsurancePolicyEndorsement1.BlankEndorsedNameoftheinsured（includingnameoftheexportcompanyanditsinsuranceagent）benotedonly.2.NamedEndorsementIfL/Crequires“DELIVERYTOTHEORDEROF…BANK”or“ENDORSEDINNAMEOF…”whichrepresentsSpecialEndorsement.NamedEndorsementisseldomusedinexporttrade.3.OrderSpecialEndorsementIfL/Crequires“INSURANCEPOLICYORCERTIFICATEINNEGOTIABLEFORMISSUEDTOTHEORDEROF…”,whichmeansanOrderSpecialEndorsementisrequired.“TOTHEORDEROF…”,aswellasnameoftheinsured,shallbeprintedonthebackofInsurancePolicy.China’smarineinsurancecontainstwokindsofRisks：BasicInsurance（MarineRisk）,whichcanbecoveredindependently;AdditionalRiskwhichcannot.MarineRiskincluding：FPA（FreefromparticularAverage）,WAorWPA（WithAverageorWithparticularAverage）,andAllRisks.InadditiontotheMarineRisks,accordingtothenatureofgoodsandactualdemand,theimportercanaddsomeadditionalRisks,includingCommonAdditionalRisks,SpecialAdditionalRisksandExceptionalAdditionalRisks.Premiumistheproductofinsuredamountandpremiumrate.Premiumrateisthebasisofpremium,whichvariesindifferentRisks.INSUREDAMOUNTrepresentstheactualinsuranceamountandthehighestlimitofindemnity,whichisalsothebasisofPremium.Usually,insuranceamountshallbethesumof10%ofpriceplusCIF（CIP）,i.e.addtheexpectedprofitstotheCIFandcalculatethesum.<0}四、保险单的背书1.空白背书（BlankEndorsed）空白背书只注明被保险人（包括出口公司的名称和经办人的名字）的名称。

2.记名背书当来证要求“DELIVERYTOTHEORDEROF…BANK”或“ENDORSEDINNAMEOF…”,即规定使用记名方式背书。记名背